Malignant behaviors of brain gliomas include proliferation and infiltration.It remains unclear which behavior influences the status of adjacent corticospinal tracts.Diffusion tensor imaging can show the status of brai...Malignant behaviors of brain gliomas include proliferation and infiltration.It remains unclear which behavior influences the status of adjacent corticospinal tracts.Diffusion tensor imaging can show the status of brain white matter fiber tracts.Ki-67 and CD44/matrix metalloproteinase 9 are sensitive markers for reflecting the proliferation and infiltration of tumor cells.The present study analyzed pre-operative diffusion tensor images of 24 patients with pathologically confirmed World Health Organization glioma（Ⅰ-Ⅳ）.We observed lapse,infiltration and destruction of the peri-tumor corticospinal tract following reconstruction,and simultaneously detected the expression of Ki-67,CD44/matrix metalloproteinase 9 in samples.Expression of CD44 and matrix metalloproteinase 9was not significantly correlated to the status of the peri-tumor corticospinal tract（r = 1.597,4.859;P = 0.450,0.088）,while Ki-67 expression significantly correlated to its status（r= 6.590,P = 0.037）.These findings demonstrate that highly proliferative gliomas result in damage to the peripheral corticospinal tract.展开更多
Dietary fiber(DF)was considered an antinutritional factor due to its adverse effects on feed intake and nutrient digestibility.However,with increasing evidence,scientists have found that DF has enormous impacts on the...Dietary fiber(DF)was considered an antinutritional factor due to its adverse effects on feed intake and nutrient digestibility.However,with increasing evidence,scientists have found that DF has enormous impacts on the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)development,digestive physiology,including nutrient digestion,fermentation,and absorption processes of poultry.It may help maintain the small and large intestine’s integrity by strengthening mucosal structure and functions and increasing the population and diversity of commensal bacteria in the GIT.Increasing DF content benefits digestive physiology by stimulating GIT development and enzyme production.And the inclusion of fiber at a moderate level in diets also alters poultry growth performance.It improves gut health by modulating beneficial microbiota in the large intestine and enhancing immune functions.However,determining the source,type,form,and level of DF inclusion is of utmost importance to achieve the above-noted benefits.This paper critically reviews the available information on dietary fibers used in poultry and their effects on nutrient utilization,GIT development,gut health,and poultry performance.Understanding these functions will help develop nutrition programs using proper DF at an appropriate inclusion level that will ultimately lead to enhanced DF utilization,overall health,and improved poultry growth performance.Thus,this review will help researchers and industry identify the sources,type,form,and amount of DF to be used in poultry nutrition for healthy,costeffective,and eco-friendly poultry production.展开更多
Post-traumatic movement disorder is one of the sequelae of traumatic brain injury. The dentatorubrothalamic tract(DRTT) is reported to be involved in the control of movement. Therefore, injury of the DRTT can be accom...Post-traumatic movement disorder is one of the sequelae of traumatic brain injury. The dentatorubrothalamic tract(DRTT) is reported to be involved in the control of movement. Therefore, injury of the DRTT can be accompanied by abnormal movements, including ataxia, tremor, or dystonia. We investigated DRTT injuries in 27 patients who showed post-traumatic tremor in at least one of four extremities following mild traumatic brain injury. We classified DRTT injuries based on diffusion tensor tractography parameters and configuration: type A: the DRTT showed narrowing, type B: the DRTT showed partial tearing, and type C: the DRTT showed discontinuation. Fractional anisotropy and fiber number of the DRTT were significantly decreased in patients compared with the healthy controls. Based on our DRTT injury classification, among the 54 hemispheres of the 27 patients, type A injury occurred in 22 hemispheres(40.7%) of 17 patients, type B injury was present in 15 hemispheres(27.7%) of 10 patients, and type C injury was observed in 8 hemispheres(14.8%) of 6 patients. Our results suggest that diffusion tensor tractography-based evaluation of the DRTT would be useful when determining cause of post-traumatic tremor in patients with mild traumatic brain injury. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Yeungnam University Hospital(YUMC-2018-09-007) on September 5, 2018.展开更多
Computational models provide additional tools for studying the brain,however,many techniques are currently disconnected from each other.There is a need for new computational approaches that span the range of physics o...Computational models provide additional tools for studying the brain,however,many techniques are currently disconnected from each other.There is a need for new computational approaches that span the range of physics operating in the brain.In this review paper,we offer some new perspectives on how the embedded element method can fill this gap and has the potential to connect a myriad of modeling genre.The embedded element method is a mesh superposition technique used within finite element analysis.This method allows for the incorporation of axonal fiber tracts to be explicitly represented.Here,we explore the use of the approach beyond its original goal of predicting axonal strain in brain injury.We explore the potential application of the embedded element method in areas of electrophysiology,neurodegeneration,neuropharmacology and mechanobiology.We conclude that this method has the potential to provide us with an integrated computational framework that can assist in developing improved diagnostic tools and regeneration technologies.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the clinical Study of hepatectomy with choledochofiberscope in liver gallstones, and provide reference for clinical treatment.Methods:A total of 96 patients with liver and gall stone in hospital f...Objective:To analyze the clinical Study of hepatectomy with choledochofiberscope in liver gallstones, and provide reference for clinical treatment.Methods:A total of 96 patients with liver and gall stone in hospital from January 2013 to February 2016 were selected, patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group. All Patients were taken treatments of choledochofiberscope lithotripsy, observation group patients were given liver lesion resection, treatments of patients were compared.Results: The operation time of the observation group (3.0±0.6) h and intraoperative blood loss of min (386±169) mL and control group operation time (4.0±0.1) h and intraoperative blood loss of min (395±202) mL, show not significantly different. The effective rate (89.6%) in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (66.7%). The postoperative complications included infection, cholangitis, biliary tract bleeding, two groups of patients with postoperative complication rate was not significantly different. The residual stone rate (6.3%) and recurrence rate (6.3%) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (22.9%) and the rate of recurrence (54.2%).Conclusion: Liver and gallbladder stones in the implementation of liver resection and fiber bile duct mirror treatment is clear, high security, with the use of value.展开更多
The symptoms of autism spectrum disorder（ASD） have been hypothesized to be caused by changes in brain connectivity. From the clinical perspective, the‘‘disconnectivity＇＇ hypothesis has been used to explain chara...The symptoms of autism spectrum disorder（ASD） have been hypothesized to be caused by changes in brain connectivity. From the clinical perspective, the‘‘disconnectivity＇＇ hypothesis has been used to explain characteristic impairments in ‘‘socio-emotional＇＇ function.Therefore, in this study we compared the facial emotional recognition（FER） feature and the integrity of socialemotional-related white-matter tracts between children and adolescents with high-functioning ASD（HFA） and their typically developing（TD） counterparts. The correlation between the two factors was explored to find out if impairment of the white-matter tracts is the neural basis of social-emotional disorders. Compared with the TD group,FER was significantly impaired and the fractional anisotropy value of the right cingulate fasciculus was increased in the HFA group（P ／ 0.01）. In conclusion, the FER function of children and adolescents with HFA was impaired and the microstructure of the cingulate fasciculus had abnormalities.展开更多
目的:基于弥散张量成像(DTI)技术从脑白质纤雏束微观结构的改变探讨针刺联合舍曲林治疗抑郁症的有效性和安全性。方法:将60例首发青年抑郁症患者,且为首次接受舍曲林治疗的患者,随机分为针药组和药物组,各30例。药物组采用单纯的舍曲林...目的:基于弥散张量成像(DTI)技术从脑白质纤雏束微观结构的改变探讨针刺联合舍曲林治疗抑郁症的有效性和安全性。方法:将60例首发青年抑郁症患者,且为首次接受舍曲林治疗的患者,随机分为针药组和药物组,各30例。药物组采用单纯的舍曲林口服治疗,每天50mg,1天1次。针药组在药物组的基础上联合醒脑开窍针法治疗,1天1次,治疗4周。另以30例健康受试者为健康组。分别于治疗前、治疗4周、采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)、评估两组的效果和安全性。同时,分别于治疗前、治疗4周后采用DTI技术测定患者脑区各向异性分数(FA)值。结果:治疗4周后,两组HAMD-17评分均降低( P <0.05),针药组HAMD-17评分低于药物组( P <0.05)。与健康受试者相比,抑郁症共6个脑区FA值发生明显变化,分别为胼胝体压部、左侧扣带束、左侧皮质脊髓束、右侧丘脑辐射、双侧上纵束颞部。治疗前,两组抑郁症患者之间6个脑区的FA值差异无统计学意义( P >0.05):治疗后,针药组胼胝体压部、左侧扣带束、左侧皮质脊髓束、右侧丘脑辐射、双侧上纵束颞部FA值均高于药物组( P <0.05)。结论:针刺能从一定程度上修复某些脑区的脑白质纤维束徽观结构,辅助舍曲林治疗抑郁症利于增强疗效。展开更多
白质纤维束分割方法通过识别连接不同脑区的白质通路,为脑连接分析提供了重要的神经通路参考信息。然而,传统的白质纤维束分割方法主要依赖于弥散磁共振图像(Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging,dMRI),由于获取弥散磁共振图像比较耗...白质纤维束分割方法通过识别连接不同脑区的白质通路,为脑连接分析提供了重要的神经通路参考信息。然而,传统的白质纤维束分割方法主要依赖于弥散磁共振图像(Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging,dMRI),由于获取弥散磁共振图像比较耗时,这极大地限制了其在临床中的应用。为解决此问题,提出了一种基于T1加权图像的白质纤维束分割方法,通过计算T1加权图像的结构张量来提示可能的纤维走向,进而提高白质纤维束的分割精度。此外,本文在模型训练期间引入弥散磁共振图像的特权信息来指导模型学习,从而提升白质束分割模型性能,具有挑战性的束分割效果提升明显,其中左穹窿(Left fornix,FX_left)的Dice得分提高了5%,右穹窿(Right fornix,FX_right)的Dice得分提高了6%。。本研究弥补了在缺少弥散磁共振图像的场景下无法进行神经通路分析的不足,扩展了神经通路分析的应用场景。展开更多
基金Anhui Prov-ince Grant of Tackle Key Problems in Science and Technology, No. 07010302202
文摘Malignant behaviors of brain gliomas include proliferation and infiltration.It remains unclear which behavior influences the status of adjacent corticospinal tracts.Diffusion tensor imaging can show the status of brain white matter fiber tracts.Ki-67 and CD44/matrix metalloproteinase 9 are sensitive markers for reflecting the proliferation and infiltration of tumor cells.The present study analyzed pre-operative diffusion tensor images of 24 patients with pathologically confirmed World Health Organization glioma（Ⅰ-Ⅳ）.We observed lapse,infiltration and destruction of the peri-tumor corticospinal tract following reconstruction,and simultaneously detected the expression of Ki-67,CD44/matrix metalloproteinase 9 in samples.Expression of CD44 and matrix metalloproteinase 9was not significantly correlated to the status of the peri-tumor corticospinal tract（r = 1.597,4.859;P = 0.450,0.088）,while Ki-67 expression significantly correlated to its status（r= 6.590,P = 0.037）.These findings demonstrate that highly proliferative gliomas result in damage to the peripheral corticospinal tract.
基金supported by the USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture,Hatch-Multistate Fund,managed by the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources,University of Hawaii at Manoa,Honolulu,HI,USA.
文摘Dietary fiber(DF)was considered an antinutritional factor due to its adverse effects on feed intake and nutrient digestibility.However,with increasing evidence,scientists have found that DF has enormous impacts on the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)development,digestive physiology,including nutrient digestion,fermentation,and absorption processes of poultry.It may help maintain the small and large intestine’s integrity by strengthening mucosal structure and functions and increasing the population and diversity of commensal bacteria in the GIT.Increasing DF content benefits digestive physiology by stimulating GIT development and enzyme production.And the inclusion of fiber at a moderate level in diets also alters poultry growth performance.It improves gut health by modulating beneficial microbiota in the large intestine and enhancing immune functions.However,determining the source,type,form,and level of DF inclusion is of utmost importance to achieve the above-noted benefits.This paper critically reviews the available information on dietary fibers used in poultry and their effects on nutrient utilization,GIT development,gut health,and poultry performance.Understanding these functions will help develop nutrition programs using proper DF at an appropriate inclusion level that will ultimately lead to enhanced DF utilization,overall health,and improved poultry growth performance.Thus,this review will help researchers and industry identify the sources,type,form,and amount of DF to be used in poultry nutrition for healthy,costeffective,and eco-friendly poultry production.
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(NRF-2018R1A6A3A11043447,to HDL)。
文摘Post-traumatic movement disorder is one of the sequelae of traumatic brain injury. The dentatorubrothalamic tract(DRTT) is reported to be involved in the control of movement. Therefore, injury of the DRTT can be accompanied by abnormal movements, including ataxia, tremor, or dystonia. We investigated DRTT injuries in 27 patients who showed post-traumatic tremor in at least one of four extremities following mild traumatic brain injury. We classified DRTT injuries based on diffusion tensor tractography parameters and configuration: type A: the DRTT showed narrowing, type B: the DRTT showed partial tearing, and type C: the DRTT showed discontinuation. Fractional anisotropy and fiber number of the DRTT were significantly decreased in patients compared with the healthy controls. Based on our DRTT injury classification, among the 54 hemispheres of the 27 patients, type A injury occurred in 22 hemispheres(40.7%) of 17 patients, type B injury was present in 15 hemispheres(27.7%) of 10 patients, and type C injury was observed in 8 hemispheres(14.8%) of 6 patients. Our results suggest that diffusion tensor tractography-based evaluation of the DRTT would be useful when determining cause of post-traumatic tremor in patients with mild traumatic brain injury. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Yeungnam University Hospital(YUMC-2018-09-007) on September 5, 2018.
基金support provided by Computational Fluid Dynamics Research Corporation(CFDRC)under a sub-contract funded by the Department of Defense,Department of Health Program through contract W81XWH-14-C-0045
文摘Computational models provide additional tools for studying the brain,however,many techniques are currently disconnected from each other.There is a need for new computational approaches that span the range of physics operating in the brain.In this review paper,we offer some new perspectives on how the embedded element method can fill this gap and has the potential to connect a myriad of modeling genre.The embedded element method is a mesh superposition technique used within finite element analysis.This method allows for the incorporation of axonal fiber tracts to be explicitly represented.Here,we explore the use of the approach beyond its original goal of predicting axonal strain in brain injury.We explore the potential application of the embedded element method in areas of electrophysiology,neurodegeneration,neuropharmacology and mechanobiology.We conclude that this method has the potential to provide us with an integrated computational framework that can assist in developing improved diagnostic tools and regeneration technologies.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Hainan province(817382)Science and Technology Fund of Hainan Province(ZDXM2015082).
文摘Objective:To analyze the clinical Study of hepatectomy with choledochofiberscope in liver gallstones, and provide reference for clinical treatment.Methods:A total of 96 patients with liver and gall stone in hospital from January 2013 to February 2016 were selected, patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group. All Patients were taken treatments of choledochofiberscope lithotripsy, observation group patients were given liver lesion resection, treatments of patients were compared.Results: The operation time of the observation group (3.0±0.6) h and intraoperative blood loss of min (386±169) mL and control group operation time (4.0±0.1) h and intraoperative blood loss of min (395±202) mL, show not significantly different. The effective rate (89.6%) in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (66.7%). The postoperative complications included infection, cholangitis, biliary tract bleeding, two groups of patients with postoperative complication rate was not significantly different. The residual stone rate (6.3%) and recurrence rate (6.3%) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (22.9%) and the rate of recurrence (54.2%).Conclusion: Liver and gallbladder stones in the implementation of liver resection and fiber bile duct mirror treatment is clear, high security, with the use of value.
基金supported by The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC1306200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91132750)+1 种基金Major Projects of the National Social Science Foundation of China (14ZDB161)the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province, China (BE2016616)
文摘The symptoms of autism spectrum disorder（ASD） have been hypothesized to be caused by changes in brain connectivity. From the clinical perspective, the‘‘disconnectivity＇＇ hypothesis has been used to explain characteristic impairments in ‘‘socio-emotional＇＇ function.Therefore, in this study we compared the facial emotional recognition（FER） feature and the integrity of socialemotional-related white-matter tracts between children and adolescents with high-functioning ASD（HFA） and their typically developing（TD） counterparts. The correlation between the two factors was explored to find out if impairment of the white-matter tracts is the neural basis of social-emotional disorders. Compared with the TD group,FER was significantly impaired and the fractional anisotropy value of the right cingulate fasciculus was increased in the HFA group（P ／ 0.01）. In conclusion, the FER function of children and adolescents with HFA was impaired and the microstructure of the cingulate fasciculus had abnormalities.
文摘目的:基于弥散张量成像(DTI)技术从脑白质纤雏束微观结构的改变探讨针刺联合舍曲林治疗抑郁症的有效性和安全性。方法:将60例首发青年抑郁症患者,且为首次接受舍曲林治疗的患者,随机分为针药组和药物组,各30例。药物组采用单纯的舍曲林口服治疗,每天50mg,1天1次。针药组在药物组的基础上联合醒脑开窍针法治疗,1天1次,治疗4周。另以30例健康受试者为健康组。分别于治疗前、治疗4周、采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)、评估两组的效果和安全性。同时,分别于治疗前、治疗4周后采用DTI技术测定患者脑区各向异性分数(FA)值。结果:治疗4周后,两组HAMD-17评分均降低( P <0.05),针药组HAMD-17评分低于药物组( P <0.05)。与健康受试者相比,抑郁症共6个脑区FA值发生明显变化,分别为胼胝体压部、左侧扣带束、左侧皮质脊髓束、右侧丘脑辐射、双侧上纵束颞部。治疗前,两组抑郁症患者之间6个脑区的FA值差异无统计学意义( P >0.05):治疗后,针药组胼胝体压部、左侧扣带束、左侧皮质脊髓束、右侧丘脑辐射、双侧上纵束颞部FA值均高于药物组( P <0.05)。结论:针刺能从一定程度上修复某些脑区的脑白质纤维束徽观结构,辅助舍曲林治疗抑郁症利于增强疗效。
