Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt versus open splenectomy and esophagogastric devascularization for portal hypertension with recurrent variceal bleeding

BACKGROUND： Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt（TIPS） and open splenectomy and esophagogastric devascularization（OSED） are widely used to treat patients with portal hypertension and recurrent variceal bleeding（PHRVB）. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness between TIPS and OSED for the treatment of PHRVB.METHODS： The data were retrospectively retrieved from 479 cirrhotic patients（Child-Pugh A or B class） with PHRVB, who had undergone TIPS（TIPS group） or OSED（OSED group） between January 1, 2010 and October 31, 2014.RESULTS： A total of 196 patients received TIPS, whereas 283 underwent OSED. Within one month after TIPS and OSED, the rebleeding rates were 6.1% and 3.2%, respectively（P=0.122）. Significantly lower incidence of pleural effusion,splenic vein thrombosis, and pulmonary infection, as well as higher hepatic encephalopathy rate, shorter postoperative length of hospital stay, and higher hospital costs were observed in the TIPS group than those in the OSED group. During the follow-up periods（29 months）, significantly higher incidences of rebleeding（15.3% vs 4.6%, P=0.001） and hepatic encephalopathy（17.3% vs 3.9%, P=0.001） were observed in the TIPS group than in the OSED group. The incidence of instent stenosis was 18.9%. The survival rates were 91.3% in the TIPS group and 95.1% in the OSED group. The long-term liver function did not worsen after either TIPS or OSED.CONCLUSION： For the patients with liver function in the Child-Pugh A or B class, TIPS is not superior over OSED in terms of PHRVB treatment and rebleeding prevention.

Laparoscopic versus Open Splenectomy and Devascularization for Massive Splenomegaly Due to Portal Hypertension

Although the clinical benefit of laparoscopic splenectomy and devascularization（LSD） has been elaborated in many studies,its application in massive splenomegaly remains controversial.We conducted a retrospective research to assess the curative efficacy of LSD for massive splenomegaly due to portal hypertension.Forty-seven patients with massive splenomegaly due to portal hypertension were enrolled in this study,and divided into two groups.Twenty-one patients underwent open splenectomy and devascularization（OSD） from June 2010 to October 2012（OSD group）.From March 2013 to February 2015,LSD was performed on 26 patients（LSD group）.Perioperative variables were analyzed.Compared to OSD,LSD was associated with less blood loss（241.9±110.0 m L vs.319.0±139.5 m L,P〈0.05）,more rapid resumption of oral diet（2.46±0.95 days vs.3.76±1.09 days,P〈0.05）,and shorter postoperative hospital stay（5.35±1.65 days vs.7.24±1.55 days,P〈0.05）.It was concluded that for patients with massive splenomegaly due to portal hypertension,LSD is feasible and as safe as OSD.

Prevention and Treatment of Hemorrhage during Laparoscopic Splenectomy and Devascularization for Portal Hypertension

This study was aimed to explore prevention and treatment of hemorrhage during laparoscopic splenectomy plus devascularization（LSD） for portal hypertension by modified and simplified operation. From June 2012 to June 2014, LSD was performed on 138 patients with portal hypertension. The patients were allocated into two groups： earlier stage（ES） group, in which 45 patients received traditional LSD from June 2012 to Sep. 2012; later stage（LS） group, in which 93 patients underwent modified LSD from Jan. 2013 to June 2014. Perioperative variables were compared between the two groups. Laparoscopic operations were successfully performed in all but two patients in ES group who were converted to laparotomy（total conversion rate： 1.4%）. There was no perioperative death or reoperation, and all patients recovered and were discharged from hospital with no serious complications in the six months of postoperative follow-up. The average time in the ES group was longer than that in the LS group（335.1 min vs. 201.3 min, P〈0.05）. LS group outperformed ES group in terms of blood loss（705.4 m L vs. 910.4 mL, P〈0.05）. The average operation time to oral diet intake after surgery（40.5 h vs. 50.3 h, P〈0.05） and postoperative hospital stay（7.4 d vs. 9.0 days, P〈0.05） were much less in the LS group than in the ES group. The overall complication rate（4.3 % vs. 11.1 %, P〈0.05） and conversion rate（0% vs. 4.4%, P〈0.05） were lower in the LS group than in the ES group. It was concluded that prevention and treatment of hemorrhage are the key points of LSD for portal hypertension. By creating a tunnel above the splenic pedicle and a tunnel behind the lower esophagus, the simplified and modified LSD can reduce hemorrhage and improve success of surgery dramatically, and splenomegaly and severe varices are not contraindications.

Combined Laparoscopic Splenectomy and Esophagogastric Devascularization versus Open Splenectomy and Esophagogastric Devascularization for Portal Hypertension due to Liver Cirrhosis

This study was conducted to compare the feasibility,safety and effectiveness of the combined-laparoscopic splenectomy and esophagogastric devascularization(C-LSED)with open splenectomy and esophagogastric devascularization surgery(OSED)in patients with portal hypertension due to liver cirrhosis.From February 2014 to June 2018,68 patients with portal hypertension were diagnosed as having serious gastroesophageal varices and/or hypersplenism in our center.Thirty patients underwent C-LSED and 38 patients received OSED.Results and outcomes were compared retrospectively.No patients of C-LSED group required an intraoperative conversion to open surgery.Significantly shorter operating time,less blood loss,lower transfusion rates,shorter postoperative hospital stay,lower rates of complications were found in C-LSED group than in C-LSED group(P<0.05).No death and rebleeding were documented in both groups during the follow-up periods of one year Postoperative endoscopy revealed that varices in the patients of both groups were alleviated significantly from severe to mild,and in a part of cases,the varices disappeared.The final results suggest that the C-LSED technique is superior to open procedure,due to slightly invasive,simplified operative procedure,significantly shorter operating time,less intraoperative bleeding and lower post-operative complication rates.And C-LSED offers comparable long-term effects to open surgery.

Esophagogastric devascularization without splenectomy in portal hypertension: safe and effective?

BACKGROUND： Esophagogastric variceal hemorrhage is a life-threatening complication of portal hypertension. In this study, we compared the therapeutic effect of a novel surgi- cal procedure, esophagogastric devascularization without splenectomy （EDWS）, with the widely used modified esopha- gogastric devascularization （MED） with splenectomy for the treatment of portal hypertension.

Comparison of simplified and traditional pericardial devascularisation combined with splenectomy for the treatment of portal hypertension

AIM To compare the clinical outcomes of patients with portal hypertension(PH) who underwent treatment with splenectomy plus simplified pericardial devascularisation(SSPD) or splenectomy plus traditional pericardial devascularisation(STPD).METHODS We conducted a single-centre retrospective study of 1045 PH patients treated with either SSPD(S Group, 357 patients) or STPD(T Group, 688 patients) between January 2002 and February 2017. In all, 37 clinical indicators were compared to evaluate the efficacy of SSPD.RESULTS Perioperative indicators in the S Group were significantly better than those in the T Group(P < 0.05). In both groups, the postoperative long-term portal vein diameter and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score were significantly lower than those in the preoperative and postoperative short-term groups(P< 0.05). The incidence of complications in the S Group was significantly lower than that in the T Group(P < 0.05). Compared to the T Group, postoperative shortterm WBC(white blood cell) and platelet counts were significantly lower and the short-term Hb(haemoglobin) level was significantly higher in the S Group(P < 0.05). In the S Group, postoperative long-term total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase and postoperative serum creatinine and cystatin C levels were significantly lower than those in the T Group(P < 0.05), and postoperative albumin was significantly higher than that in the T Group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION Compared to STPD, SSPD is a simple and easy procedure resulting in less tissue damage. Patients recovered smoothly and steadily with fewer complications. Short-term liver and kidney function damage was less severe, and long-term liver function recovery was better. Therefore, SSPD is worthy of clinical promotion and application for the treatment of PH.

In situ subtotal spleen resection combined with selective pericardial devascularization for the treatment of portal hypertension

BACKGROUND Hypersplenism and esophageal varices bleeding are the major complications of portal hypertension(PHT).In recent years,increasing attention has been given to spleen preservation operations.The mode and long-term effects of subtotal splenectomy and selective pericardial devascularization for PHT remain controversial.AIM To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of subtotal splenectomy combined with selective pericardial devascularization for the treatment of PHT.METHODS This was a retrospective study of 15 patients with PHT who underwent subtotal splenectomy not preserving the splenic artery or vein combined with selective pericardial devascularization in the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery,Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from February 2011 to April 2022.Fifteen propensity score-matched patients with PHT who underwent total splenectomy at the same time served as the control group.The patients were followed for up to 11 years after surgery.We compared the postoperative platelet levels,perioperative splenic vein thrombosis,and serum immunoglobulin levels between the two groups.Abdominal enhanced computed tomography was used to evaluate the blood supply and function of the residual spleen.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,evacuation time,and hospital stay were compared between the two groups.RESULTS The postoperative platelet level of patients in the subtotal splenectomy group was significantly lower than that in the total splenectomy group(P<0.05),and the postoperative portal system thrombosis rate in the subtotal splenectomy group was also much lower than that in the total splenectomy group.The levels of serum immunoglobulins(IgG,IgA,and IgM)showed no significant differences after surgery compared with before surgery in the subtotal splenectomy group(P>0.05),but serum immunoglobulin IgG and IgM levels decreased dramatically after total splenectomy(P<0.05).The operation time in the subtotal splenectomy group was longer than that in the total splenectomy group(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences in the amount of intraoperative blood loss,evacuation time,or hospital stay between the two groups.CONCLUSION Subtotal splenectomy not preserving the splenic artery or vein combined with selective pericardial devascularization is a safe and effective surgical treatment for patients with PHT,not only correcting hypersplenism but also preserving splenic function,especially immunological function.

Anticoagulation therapy prevents portal-splenic vein thrombosis after splenectomy with gastroesophageal devascularization

AIM:To compare the incidence of early portal or splenic vein thrombosis(PSVT) in patients treated with irregular and regular anticoagulantion after splenectomy with gastroesophageal devascularization.METHODS:We retrospectively analyzed 301 patients who underwent splenectomy with gastroesophageal devascularization for portal hypertension due to cirrhosis between April 2004 and July 2010.Patients were categorized into group A with irregular anticoagulation and group B with regular anticoagulation,respectively.Group A(153 patients) received anticoagulant monotherapy for an undesignated time period or with aspirin or warfarin without low-molecular-weight heparin(LMWH) irregularly.Group B(148 patients) received subcutaneous injection of LMWH routinely within the first 5 d after surgery,followed by oral warfarin and aspirin for one month regularly.The target prothrombin time/international normalized ratio(PT/INR) was 1.25-1.50.Platelet and PT/INR were monitored.Color Doppler imaging was performed to monitor PSVT as well as the effectiveness of thrombolytic therapy.RESULTS:The patients' data were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Among the patients,94 developed early postoperative mural PSVT,including 63 patients in group A(63/153,41.17%) and 31 patients in group B(31/148,20.94%).There were 50(32.67%) patients in group A and 27(18.24%) in group B with mural PSVT in the main trunk of portal vein.After the administration of thrombolytic,anticoagulant and antiaggregation therapy,complete or partial thrombus dissolution achieved in 50(79.37%) in group A and 26(83.87%) in group B.CONCLUSION:Regular anticoagulation therapy can reduce the incidence of PSVT in patients who undergo splenectomy with gastroesophageal devascularization,and regular anticoagulant therapy is safer and more effective than irregular anticoagulant therapy.Early and timely thrombolytic therapy is imperative and feasible for the prevention of PSVT.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt and splenectomy are more effective than endoscopic therapy for recurrent variceal bleeding in patients with idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension

BACKGROUND Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS),splenectomy plus esophagogastric devascularization(SED)and endoscopic therapy+non-selectiveβ-blockers(ET+NSBB)are widely applied in secondary prevention of recurrent gastroesophageal variceal bleeding in patients with liver cirrhosis.These different treatments,however,have not been compared in patients with idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension(INCPH).AIM To compare the outcomes of TIPS,SED and ET+NSBB in the control of variceal rebleeding in patients with INCPH.METHODS This retrospective study recruited patients from six centers across China.Demographic characteristics,baseline profiles and follow-up clinical outcomes were collected.Post-procedural clinical outcomes,including incidence of rebleeding,hepatic encephalopathy(HE),portal vein thrombosis(PVT)and mortality rates,were compared in the different groups.RESULTS In total,81 patients were recruited,with 28 receiving TIPS,26 SED,and 27 ET+NSBB.No significant differences in demographic and baseline characteristics were found among these three groups before the procedures.After treatment,blood ammonia was significantly higher in the TIPS group;hemoglobin level and platelet count were significantly higher in the SED group(P<0.01).Rebleeding rate was significantly higher in the ET+NSBB group(P<0.01).Mortality was 3.6%,3.8%and 14.8%in the TIPS,SED and ET+NSBB groups,respectively,with no significant differences(P=0.082).Logistic regression analysis showed that mortality was significantly correlated with rebleeding,HE,portal thrombosis and superior mesenteric vein thrombosis(P<0.05).CONCLUSION In patients with INCPH,TIPS and SED were more effective in controlling rebleeding than ET+NSBB,but survival rates were not significantly different among the three groups.Mortality was significantly correlated with rebleeding,HE and PVT.

Prognosis after splenectomy plus pericardial devascularization vs transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for esophagogastric variceal bleeding

BACKGROUND Portal hypertension combined with esophagogastric variceal bleeding(EGVB)is a serious complication in patients with hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related cirrhosis in China.Splenectomy plus pericardial devascularization(SPD)and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)are effective treatments for EGVB.However,a comparison of the effectiveness and safety of those methods is lacking.AIM To compare the prognosis after SPD vs TIPS for acute EGVB after failure of endoscopic therapy or secondary prophylaxis of variceal rebleeding(VRB)in patients with HBV-related cirrhosis combined with portal hypertension.METHODS This retrospective cohort study included 318 patients with HBV-related cirrhosis and EGVB who underwent SPD or TIPS at West China Hospital of Sichuan University during 2009-2013.Propensity score-matched analysis(PSM),the Kaplan-Meier method,and multivariate Cox regression analysis were used to compare overall survival,VRB rate,liver function abnormality rate,and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)incidence between the two patient groups.RESULTS The median age was 45.0 years(n=318;226(71.1%)males).During a median follow-up duration of 43.0 mo,18(11.1%)and 33(21.2%)patients died in the SPD and TIPS groups,respectively.After PSM,SPD was significantly associated with better overall survival(OS)(P=0.01),lower rates of abnormal liver function(P<0.001),and a lower incidence of HCC(P=0.02)than TIPS.The VRB rate did not differ significantly between the two groups(P=0.09).CONCLUSION Compared with TIPS,SPD is associated with higher postoperative OS rates,lower rates of abnormal liver function and HCC,and better quality of survival as acute EGVB treatment after failed endoscopic therapy or as secondary prophylaxis of VRB in patients with HBV-related cirrhosis combined with portal hypertension.There is no significant between-group difference in VRB rates.

Clinical efficacy of total laparoscopic splenectomy for portal hypertension and its influence on hepatic hemodynamics and liver function

BACKGROUND The liver hemodynamic changes caused by portal hypertension(PH)are closely related to various complications such as gastroesophageal varices and portosystemic shunts,which may lead to adverse clinical outcomes in these patients,so it is of great clinical significance to find treatment strategies with favorable clinical efficacy and low risk of complications.AIM To study the clinical efficacy of total laparoscopic splenectomy(TLS)for PH and its influence on hepatic hemodynamics and liver function.METHODS Among the 199 PH patients selected from October 2016 to October 2020,100 patients[observation group(OG)]were treated with TLS,while the remaining 99[reference group(RG)]were treated with open splenectomy(OS).We observed and compared the clinical efficacy,operation indexes[operative time(OT)and intraoperative bleeding volume],safety(intraperitoneal hemorrhage,ascitic fluid infection,eating disorders,liver insufficiency,and perioperative death),hepatic hemodynamics(diameter,velocity,and flow volume of the portal vein system),and liver function[serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and serum total bilirubin(TBil)]of the two groups.RESULTS The OT was significantly longer and intraoperative bleeding volume was significantly lesser in the OG than in the RG.Additionally,the overall response rate,postoperative complications rate,and liver function indexes(ALT,AST,and TBil)did not differ significantly between the OG and RG.The hepatic hemodynamics statistics showed that the pre-and postoperative blood vessel diameters in the two cohorts did not differ statistically.Although the postoperative blood velocity and flow volume reduced significantly when compared with the preoperative values,there were no significant inter-group differences.CONCLUSION TLS contributes to comparable clinical efficacy,safety,hepatic hemodynamics,and liver function as those of OS in treating PH,with a longer OT but lesser intraoperative blood loss.

腹腔镜脾切除联合贲门周围血管离断术治疗门静脉高压症的临床价值评估

目的:评估腹腔镜脾切除联合贲门周围血管离断术的优越性、安全性,以期为门静脉高压症手术治疗方案的选择提供依据。方法:回顾分析2017年3月至2021年11月收治的215例门静脉高压症患者的临床资料,其中研究组(n=68)行腹腔镜脾切除联合贲门周围血管离断术,从行开腹脾切除联合贲门周围血管离断术的患者中抽取68例作为对照组,比较两组围手术期相关指标、术后并发症等。结果:研究组手术时间长于对照组,术中出血量、术后住院时间、腹腔引流管留置时间、术后并发症均少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术中自体血回输量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:腹腔镜脾切除联合贲门周围血管离断术安全、效果显著,与传统开腹脾切除联合贲门周围血管离断术相比,具有创伤更小、术中容易暴露解剖间隙、康复快、住院时间短、并发症少的优点,值得推广应用。

腹腔镜辅助改良Sugiura手术与脾切除断流术对肝硬化门静脉高压症患者肝纤维化和凝血功能及再出血率的影响

目的探讨腹腔镜辅助改良Sugiura手术与脾切除断流术对肝硬化门静脉高压症(PHT)患者肝纤维化、凝血功能及再出血率的影响。方法选取2021年1月至2022年6月监利市第五人民医院收治的85例肝硬化PHT患者作为研究对象,根据手术方式不同分为断流组(n=39)与改良组(n=46)。断流组给予脾切除断流术治疗,改良组给予改良Sugiura手术治疗,比较两组手术情况及住院时间、门静脉血流动力学指标、肝纤维化指标、并发症发生情况及再出血率。结果两组手术时间、术中出血量及住院时间比较差异无统计学意义。术后,两组门静脉内径(Dpv)均短于术前,门静脉血流速度(Vpv)、门静脉血流量(Qpv)均慢于术前,且改良组Dpv短于断流组,Vpv、Qpv均慢于断流组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后,两组透明质酸(HA)、Ⅲ型前胶原(PCⅢ)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、Ⅳ型胶原(Ⅳ-C)水平均低于术前,且改良组低于断流组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后,两组纤维蛋白原(Fg)水平均高于术前,凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)均短于术前,且改良组Fg水平高于断流组,PT、APTT均短于断流组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。改良组并发症发生率、再出血率均低于断流组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与脾切除断流术相比,腹腔镜辅助改良Sugiura手术治疗肝硬化PHT治疗效果更佳,可显著改善患者肝功能,延缓肝纤维化进程,降低再出血率,安全性较佳。

腹腔镜脾动脉结扎联合贲门周围血管离断术治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症的回顾性研究

目的探讨腹腔镜脾动脉结扎(SAL)联合贲门周围血管离断术(EED)治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症(PHT)的治疗效果。方法回顾性研究2020年7月至2023年5月安阳市第三人民医院和安阳市第五人民医院收治的126例肝硬化PHT患者资料,根据不同手术方式分为观察组(69例,行腹腔镜SAL术联合EED)和对照组[57例,行腹腔镜脾切除术(LS)联合EED]。比较两组患者围术期指标;比较术前及术后14 d血常规指标[血小板计数(PLT)、白细胞计数(WBC)、红细胞计数(RBC)]、肝功能指标[丙谷转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)]、凝血功能指标[活化部分凝血酶时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、凝血原酶时间(PT)],观察两组患者术后并发症发生情况。结果观察组各项围术期指标均低于对照组(P<0.05);术后14 d,观察组PLT、WBC水平低于对照组(P<0.05),且RBC水平与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组ALT、AST、GGT、APTT、PT水平低于对照组,FIB高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组术后并发症总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜SAL联合EED能提高治疗肝硬化PHT的手术效果,改善患者脾功能亢进,改善肝功能及凝血功能,降低并发症的发生。

完全腹腔镜巨脾切除术治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症合并巨脾的效果

目的:分析完全腹腔镜巨脾切除术治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症合并巨脾的效果。方法:选取2019年1月—2023年6月临沂市中医医院收治的肝硬化门静脉高压症合并巨脾患者60例为研究对象,根据单双数法分为对照组和观察组,各30例。对照组行开腹巨脾切除术,观察组行完全腹腔镜巨脾切除术。比较两组手术指标、术后恢复指标及并发症发生率。结果:观察组切口长度短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,住院费用高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组手术时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组术后24 h视觉模拟评分法评分低于对照组,术后拔管时间、肠功能恢复时间、住院时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.015)。结论:与传统开腹巨脾切除术相比,完全腹腔镜巨脾切除术治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症合并巨脾的优势显著,切口小、术中出血量少,不会增加手术时间,且有利于术后恢复,减轻疼痛,减少并发症,但也存在住院费用高的问题。

完全腹腔镜下脾切除联合贲门周围血管离断术治疗门脉高压症

目的探讨腹腔镜脾切除联合贲门周围血管离断术的可行性、安全性及有效性。方法 2008年3月-2014年6月,采用完全腹腔镜方法,对45例肝硬化门脉高压并上消化道出血和脾功能亢进的患者行贲门周围血管离断术。术中采用一级脾蒂离断法或者二级脾蒂离断法切脾,断流方法采用选择性或非选择性贲门周围血管离断术。结果 45例在全腔镜下完成（其中28例为选择性贲门周围血管离断术）,其中1例需手助。手术时间110-430 min,平均150 min。术中失血80-1200 ml,平均325 ml。1例术后肝功能衰竭死亡。44例术后住院8-20 d,平均10.6 d。41例术后随访3-60个月,平均36个月,3例再出血,2例原发性肝癌。结论严格把握手术适应证,腹腔镜脾切除联合贲门周围血管离断术安全可行。

免切割闭合器完全腹腔镜巨脾切除联合贲门周围血管离断术

目的探讨免切割闭合器完全腹腔镜巨脾切除联合贲门周围血管离断术治疗肝硬化门静脉高压症的手术技巧和临床应用价值。方法2005年3月～2006年10月,对23例肝硬化门静脉高压致食道下端静脉曲张患者行完全腹腔镜下巨脾切除联合贲门周围血管离断术治疗,其中18例免切割闭合器应用二级脾蒂离断法切除脾脏,即处理脾蒂时逐支分离脾叶动静脉,边分离边用血管夹夹闭或用丝线结扎后离断血管,并用超声刀离断小网膜后,逐一将贲门周围曲张静脉直接用超声刀或可吸收夹夹闭后离断,将脾脏放入标本袋,拉出扩大的trocar孔外,剪碎后取出。结果18例手术获得成功,手术时间180～320min,平均255min。术中出血量200～1600ml,平均450ml。术后发生胸腔积液2例,左膈下脓肿1例,B超引导穿刺治愈,轻度腹水2例。无死亡病例。术后住院时间6～17d,平均7.5d。18例术后随访5-24个月,平均16.4月,术后20个月再出血1例,经胃镜下注射硬化剂治愈,余17例均无再出血。结论应用二级脾蒂离断法处理脾蒂可以避免腹腔镜巨脾切除联合贲门周围血管离断术应用切割闭合器,不仅节省费用,而且在腹腔镜巨脾切除中有独特的优势。

腹腔镜脾切除加贲门周围血管离断术(附59例报道)

目的探讨微创技术应用于门脉高压症治疗的利弊。方法5例门脉高压症并食管胃底曲张静脉破裂出血病人施行腹腔镜脾切除加贲门周围血管离断术;结合文献报道一并分析。结果全组59例肝功能均为ChildA或B级,脾脏长径14～28cm。全组均择期手术,其中22例全腔镜下完成手术,33例手助,4例中转开腹,无手术死亡。全腔镜下手术最长耗时5.5h,手助术最长耗时5h;术中出血一般200～500mL,最多达2800mL(腔镜下);术后排气及下床活动时间多在3d左右,7～12d出院。结论微创技术应用于门脉高压症并食管胃底曲张静脉破裂出血的择期治疗可行且有利,但应严格筛选合适的病人。

脾切除断流术后经脾静脉抗凝治疗预防早期门静脉血栓的安全性分析

目的评价经脾静脉置管抗凝治疗预防脾切除断流术后早期门静脉血栓(PVT)形成的安全性。方法 60例择期行脾切除断流术的门脉高压患者随机分为置管组和对照组,采用超声多普勒和(或)强化螺旋CT扫描监测术后门静脉血栓形成情况。结果 60例患者全部随访到3个月。对照组累计PVT发生率56.7%,置管组为16.7%,两组有统计学差异(P<0.05)。经脾静脉置管输入肝素溶液对体循环静脉血凝血酶原时间和活化部分凝血活酶时间无影响。结论经脾静脉置管抗凝治疗预防脾切除断流术后早期门静脉血栓形成是安全可行的。

全腹腔镜贲门周围血管离断术治疗门脉高压症

目的探讨全腹腔镜下贲门周围血管离断术的技巧和方法。方法 2007年5月~2010年10月,采用完全腹腔镜方法,对34例肝硬化门脉高压并上消化道出血的患者行贲门周围血管离断术。术中切脾方法采用一级脾蒂离断法或者二级脾蒂离断法,断流方法采用选择性或非选择性贲门周围血管离断术。结果 33例在全腔镜下完成（其中2例为选择性贲门周围血管离断术）,1例需手助。手术时间170~430 min,平均250 min。术中失血100~1000 ml,平均533 ml。1例术后肝功能衰竭死亡。33例术后住院8~20 d,平均10.6 d。30例术后随访3~25个月,平均13个月,2例再出血,1例原发性肝癌。结论全腹腔镜下贲门周围血管离断术治疗门脉高压症是一种安全、微创、可行的方法。