Machine learning identifies the risk of complications after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic radical gastrectomy is widely used,and perioperative complications have become a highly concerned issue.AIM To develop a predictive model for complications in laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer to better predict the likelihood of complications in gastric cancer patients within 30 days after surgery,guide perioperative treatment strategies for gastric cancer patients,and prevent serious complications.METHODS In total,998 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer at 16 Chinese medical centers were included in the training group for the complication model,and 398 patients were included in the validation group.The clinicopathological data and 30-d postoperative complications of gastric cancer patients were collected.Three machine learning methods,lasso regression,random forest,and artificial neural networks,were used to construct postoperative complication prediction models for laparoscopic distal gastrectomy and laparoscopic total gastrectomy,and their prediction efficacy and accuracy were evaluated.RESULTS The constructed complication model,particularly the random forest model,could better predict serious complications in gastric cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.It exhibited stable performance in external validation and is worthy of further promotion in more centers.CONCLUSION Using the risk factors identified in multicenter datasets,highly sensitive risk prediction models for complications following laparoscopic radical gastrectomy were established.We hope to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of preoperative and postoperative decision-making by using these models.

Laparoscopic vs open surgery for gastric cancer: Assessing time, recovery, complications, and markers

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer(GC)is one of the most common cancers worldwide.Morbidity and mortality have increased in recent years,making it an urgent issue to address.La-paroscopic radical surgery(LRS)is a crucial method for treating patients with GC;However,its influence on tumor markers is still under investigation.The data of 194 patients treated at Chongqing University Cancer Hospital bet-ween January 2018 and January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients who underwent traditional open surgery and LRS were assigned to the control(n=90)and observation groups(n=104),respectively.Independent sample t-tests andχ2 tests were used to compare the two groups based on clinical efficacy,changes in tumor marker levels after treatment,clinical data,and the incidence of posto-perative complications.To investigate the association between tumor marker levels and clinical efficacy in patients with GC,three-year recurrence rates in the two groups were compared.RESULTS Patients in the observation group had a shorter duration of operation,less in-traoperative blood loss,an earlier postoperative eating time,and a shorter hospital stay than those in the control group(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed between the two groups regarding the number of lymph node dissections(P>0.05).After treatment,the overall response rate in the control group was significantly lower than that in the observation group(P=0.001).Furthermore,after treatment,the levels of carbohydrate antigen 19-9,cancer antigen 72-4,carcinoembryonic antigen,and cancer antigen 125 decreased significantly.The observation group also exhibited a significantly lower incidence rate of postoperative complications compared to the control group(P<0.001).Additionally,the two groups did not significantly differ in terms of three-year survival and recurrence rates(P>0.05).CONCLUSION LRS effectively treats early gastric cancer by reducing intraoperative bleeding,length of hospital stays,and postoperative complications.It also significantly lowers tumor marker levels,thus improving the short-term prognosis of the disease.

Efficacy of Bispectral index-monitored closed-loop targeted-controlled infusion of propofol for laparoscopic radical operation for gastric cancer

Objective:To discuss the efficacy of Bispectral index (BIS)-monitored closed-loop targeted-controlled infusion of propofol for laparoscopic radical operation for gastric cancer.Methods:A total of 106 patients with primary gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopic radical operation for gastric cancer in our hospital between August 2015 and February 2018 were chosen as the research subjects and divided into the control group (n=53) and the observation group (n=53) according to the different anesthesia methods. Control group of patients received BIS-monitored manually adjusted targeted-controlled infusion concentration of propofol, and observation group of patients received BIS-monitored closed-loop targeted-controlled infusion of propofol. The differences in hemodynamic index levels as well as serum contents of inflammatory factors and stress hormones were compared between the two groups of patients before anesthesia (T0), 30 min after surgery started (T1) and 30 min before surgery ended (T2).Results:At T0, the differences in hemodynamic index levels as well as serum contents of inflammatory factors and stress hormones were not statistically significant between the two groups. At T1 and T2, hemodynamic indexes MAP and HR levels of observation group were lower than those of control group at the corresponding time points;serum inflammatory factors sICAM-1, IL-1β, IL-8 and TNF-α contents were lower than those of control group at the corresponding time points;serum stress hormones Cor, T4 and glucagon contents were lower than those of control group at the corresponding time points.Conclusion: BIS-monitored closed-loop targeted-controlled infusion of propofol can effectively stabilize the intraoperative hemodynamics and inhibit the systemic inflammatory stress response in patients with laparoscopic radical operation for gastric cancer.

Effect on changes of blood coagulation function, cytokines and immune function in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer

Objective:To explore the changes of coagulation function, cytokines and T lymphocyte in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer and its clinical significance.Methods: 40 cases of laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer patients and 40 cases of open radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer patients in our hospital were selected to detect and investigate the perioperative coagulation function [APTT (activated partial thromboplastin time), FIB (fibrinogen), and PLT (platelet)], cytokines [CRP (C reactive protein), IL-6 (IL-6) and TNF-alpha (Tumor necrosis factor-alpha)] and T lymphocytes (CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+) changes and clinical meaning of patients in the two groups.Results: The coagulation function related indicators, cytokines and T lymphocytes of the two groups before treatment did not change significantly (P>0.05). 1 d after operation, blood coagulation, TNF-alpha, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ levels were significantly lower than that before operation in two groups of patients (P<0.05), while IL-6, CRP and CD8+ were significantly higher than that before the operation (P<0.05), and the index change in open group was more obvious. 3 d after surgery, the APTT, IL-6, CRP, CD4+, CD8+ and PLT levels in two group patients were significantly lower than that 1 d after surgery, while FIB, TNF-alpha and CD4+/CD8+ were significantly higher than that 1 d after surgery;blood coagulation index, TNF-alpha and CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ were significantly lower in the laparotomy group patients than in laparoscopic group, while IL-6, CRP and CD8+ were significantly higher than the laparoscopic group (P<0.05). 5 d after operation, the APTT, TNF-alpha, FIB, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ and PLT in two groups were significantly higher than that 3 d after surgery (P<0.05), while IL-6, CRP and CD8+ levels were significantly lower than that of 3 d after surgery (P<0.05);blood coagulation index, TNF-alpha and CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ in the laparotomy group patients were significantly lower than laparoscopic group (P<0.05), while IL-6, CRP and CD8+ were significantly higher than the laparoscopic group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Radical resection of gastric cancer can cause coagulation disorder, inhibit the immune function and inflammatory reaction, and gradually recover with the passage of time;Compared with open surgery, laparoscopic radical gastrectomy have smaller impact on patients and recovery faster.

Clinical observation of laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic radical gastrectomy and traditional open radical gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer. Methods: 116 patients with advanced gastric cancer in our hospital were randomly selected, including 55 cases in the experimental group and 61 cases in the control group. The clinical effects, CEA, CA-199, AFP and postoperative complications of the two groups were compared. Results: The indexes of operation and post-operation (average operation time, incision length, exhaust time, intraoperative bleeding volume, hospital stay, enteral nutrition time), and the total number of lymph nodes dissected in the experimental group was less than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no difference in CEA, CA-199 and AFP before operation and 1 month after operation. The incidence of complications in laparoscopic group was 9.1% lower than that in control group (27.9%). Conclusion: Laparoscopic radical gastrectomy has many advantages in the treatment of gastric cancer, which can effectively reduce complications and is worth promoting.

Totally Endoscopic (Thoracoscopic and Laparoscopic) Radical Esophagectomy with Gastric Tube Reconstruction through a Small Neck Incision: An Early Experience with Thirty Egyptian Patients

Background: Minimally invasive esophagectomy nowadays is replacing the classic open technique. Additional studies are needed to confirm its safety and efficacy. Methods: thirty patients with esophageal carcinoma were enrolled in this study. Patients were evaluated preoperatively and they underwent thoracoscopic and laparoscopic procedures for assessment of resectability. Resectablepatients underwent radical esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction through a four-cm neck incision. Results: 17 patients were operable and 13 patients were inoperable. The mean operative time for the whole procedure was 5.97 ± 1.66 hours. The mean blood loss was 250 ± 138.07 cc. The mean overall hospital stay was 17.47 ± 5.49 daysdays. Common postoperative complications included pneumonia (13.3%) pleural effusion (6.7%), cervical anastomotic leakage (10%), and wound infection (13.3%). One patient died in the early postoperative period. Conclusions: we conclude that totallyendoscopic (thoracoscopic and laparoscopic) esophagectomy is feasible and relatively safe technique. Beside its efficacy as an assessment tool, total esophagectomy and lymphadenectomy could be performed in the same time.

Development and future perspectives of natural orifice specimen extraction surgery for gastric cancer

In recent years,natural orifice specimen extraction surgery(NOSES),a novel minimally invasive surgical technique,has become a focus in the surgical field,and has been initially applied in gastric surgery in many national medical centers worldwide.In addition,this new surgical technique was launched in major hospitals in China.With an increasing number of patients who have accepted this new surgical technique,NOSES has provided new prospects for the treatment of gastric cancer(GC),which may achieve a better outcome for both patients and surgeons.More and more experts and scholars from different countries and regions are currently paying close attention to NOSES for the treatment of GC.However,there are only a few reports of its use in GC.This review focuses on the research progress in NOSES for radical gastrectomy in recent years.We also discuss the challenges and prospects of NOSES in clinical practice.

腹腔镜下D2根治术联合CME对局部进展期胃癌术后腹腔游离癌细胞检出率及预后的影响

目的:探讨腹腔镜下D2根治术联合完整系膜切除术(complete mesocolic excision,CME)对局部进展期胃癌腹腔游离癌细胞及预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析2021年06月至2022年06月于医院住院治疗的128例局部进展期胃癌患者临床资料,将64例实施腹腔镜下D2根治术的患者纳入对照组,64例实施腹腔镜下D2根治术联合CME的患者纳入研究组。记录两组手术、住院及并发症情况,采用生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOLI-74)评定生活质量。分别于腹腔镜探查后和肿瘤切除后收集腹腔冲洗液,应用细胞学检查检测腹腔游离癌细胞。术后随访1年,记录总生存期(OS)及无进展生存期(PFS)情况。结果:研究组淋巴结清扫总数及阳性淋巴结数量显著大于对照组(P<0.05)。与术前比较,研究组术后腹腔游离癌细胞阳性率显著降低(P<0.05)。与术前比较,两组术后GQOLI-74评分均显著增加,且研究组高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组腹腔感染/积液、胃排空障碍、肠梗阻、吻合口瘘、胰瘘、淋巴漏发生率及不良反应总发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组术后1年PFS率和OS率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:腹腔镜下D2根治术联合CME有利于彻底清除局部进展期胃癌淋巴结,减少术后复发,促进术后康复,且不增加腹腔游离癌细胞脱落和手术并发症风险,具有临床推广价值。

腹腔镜下胃癌根治术和内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗早期胃癌合并冠心病患者的效果比较

目的比较腹腔镜下胃癌根治术(LRG)和内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗早期胃癌合并冠心病患者的效果。方法根据治疗方式的不同将98例早期胃癌合并冠心病患者分为LRG组(n=47,LRG治疗)和ESD组(n=51,ESD治疗),比较两组患者的围手术期指标、疼痛情况[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]、心功能指标[肌酸激酶同工酶MB(CK-MB)、心肌肌钙蛋白(ⅠcTnⅠ)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、心脏指数(CI)、心排血量(CO)]、应激反应指标[超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、皮质醇(Cor)、促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、肾上腺素(EP)]以及术后心脏并发症发生情况。结果ESD组患者手术时间、首次排气时间、胃管拔除时间、进食恢复时间、住院时间均短于LRG组,术中出血量少于LRG组,术后心脏并发症总发生率低于LRG组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。术后6 h、1天、3天、7天,两组患者VAS评分均低于本组术前,ESD组患者VAS评分均低于LGR组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。术后12 h,两组患者CK-MB、cTnⅠ、hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、Cor、ACTH、EP均高于本组术前,LRG组患者LVEF、CI、CO均低于本组术前,ESD组患者CK-MB、cTnⅠ、hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6、Cor、ACTH、EP均低于LRG组,LVEF、CI、CO均高于LRG组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论与LRG比较,ESD治疗早期胃癌合并冠心病患者的安全性高、手术时间短、术中出血量少、手术创伤小、术后疼痛程度轻,因此患者术后应激反应更轻,对患者心功能的不良影响更小,术后恢复更快。

腹腔镜胃癌根治术术中低体温发生的危险因素分析及预测模型构建

目的 分析腹腔镜胃癌根治术术中低体温发生的危险因素并构建列线图预测模型。方法 回顾性分析2021年1月至2022年8月行腹腔镜胃癌根治术的287例患者的临床资料。根据术中是否发生低体温将患者分为低体温组和非低体温组。采用单因素分析与多因素Logistic回归分析探讨腹腔镜胃癌根治术术中低体温发生的独立危险因素,基于此构建列线图预测模型并验证其效果。结果 287例患者中,103例发生低体温,低体温发生率为35.89%。低体温组的年龄大于非低体温组,手术时长、麻醉时长、手术等待时长长于非低体温组,术中尿量、出血量、补液量、二氧化碳(CO_(2))进气量多于非低体温组,高血压糖尿病合并症史占比高于非低体温组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、手术等待时长、高血压糖尿病合并症史是影响腹腔镜胃癌根治术术中低体温发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。根据独立风险因素建立的列线图预测模型的受试者工作特征(ROC)的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.818,Hosmer-Lemeshow检验结果为0.775(P>0.05),表明列线图预测模型与实际结果一致性良好。结论 腹腔镜胃癌根治术术中低体温列线图预测模型对识别术中低体温发生的关键因素具有重要意义。

毕Ⅱ式联合Braun与单纯毕Ⅱ式吻合在腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术中疗效比较的Meta分析

目的系统评价BillrothⅡ式与BillrothⅡ式联合Braun吻合重建术在腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术中的临床疗效差异。方法计算机检索CNKI、VIP、万方数据库、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science等,收集国内外公开发表关于两种消化道重建方式在腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术中比较的临床应用研究。检索时限为2000年1月至2022年10月。对纳入的临床研究进行质量评价及数量提取,并采用Cochrane协作网提供的RevMan5.3统计软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入9项符合标准的研究,共1483例患者。Meta分析结果显示:在腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术中使用单纯BillrothⅡ式吻合手术时间及消化道重建时间短、术中出血量少,但使用BillrothⅡ联合Braun吻合住院时间短、近期总并发症少、远期反流性疾病少、远期营养状况好,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而淋巴结清扫数量、首次排气排便时间及部分短期并发症,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术中,与单纯BillrothⅡ吻合相比,应用BillrothⅡ式联合Braun重建消化道,虽延长手术时间并增加术中出血量,但能减少患者术后近、远期并发症,减少术后住院时间,改善患者远期营养状况,临床应用具有一定优势。

腹腔镜辅助胃癌根治术在胃癌治疗中的应用价值

目的分析腹腔镜辅助胃癌根治术在胃癌治疗中的应用价值。方法选取宁夏医科大学总医院胃肠外科2021年10月—2023年10月胃癌患者110例,按照随机数字表法分为2组,各55例。对照组采取开腹胃癌根治术,观察组采取腹腔镜辅助胃癌根治术。比较2组各指标差异。结果观察组手术时间[(212.4±20.6)min]长于对照组[(176.4±30.6)min],术中出血量、术后并发症发生率[(250.3±23.6)mL、1.8%]低于对照组[(330.6±35.6)mL、14.6%],切口长度、下床活动时间、住院时间[(3.5±0.6)cm、(36.6±4.2)h、(8.6±2.2)d]短于对照组[(8.8±1.2)cm、(45.6±5.8)h、(11.4±3.6)d],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。手术前,2组CRP、IL-6相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);手术后,观察组CRP、IL-6[(26.5±5.2)mg/L、(65.3±5.3)pg/mL]低于对照组[(58.5±8.6)mg/L、(78.5±10.6)pg/mL],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜辅助胃癌根治术的疗效与安全性高,可减轻手术引起的机体损伤,促使患者早期出院。

腹腔镜辅助胃癌根治术患者肿瘤异常蛋白、胃癌相关抗原水平变化与复发转移的相关性

目的:探讨腹腔镜辅助胃癌根治术患者肿瘤异常蛋白(TAP)、胃癌相关抗原MG7-Ag水平与肿瘤复发转移的相关性。方法:选择110例行腹腔镜辅助根治术的胃癌患者,随访12月后分为复发转移组(n=37)和无复发转移组(n=73),另招募同期55例体检健康者为健康组。比较术前、术后TAP、MG7-Ag水平,采用Pearson分析TAP、MG7-Ag水平与肿瘤复发转移的相关性。结果:复发转移组术前、后TAP、MG7-Ag水平高于无复发转移组;TAP、MG7-Ag水平与胃癌患者根治术后肿瘤复发转移呈正相关(r=0.654,0.579,P<0.005)。结论:TAP、MG7-Ag水平变化可评估腹腔镜辅助胃癌根治术患者肿瘤复发转移情况。

腹腔镜胃癌根治术老年患者脑氧饱和度与术后认知功能障碍的关系

目的 探讨并分析腹腔镜胃癌根治术老年患者脑氧饱和度(rSO_(2))与术后认知功能障碍的关系。方法选取2019年6月至2023年6月收治的86例行腹腔镜胃癌根治术的老年患者为研究对象,根据是否发生认知功能障碍将其分为认知功能障碍组和认知功能正常组。比较两组的一般资料及rSO_(2);分析rSO_(2)与术后认知功能障碍的关系。结果 86例患者中,发生认知功能障碍患者31例,未发生认知功能障碍患者55例;气腹60 min(T_2)~苏醒时(T_5),认知功能障碍组的rSO_(2)低于认知功能正常组(P<0.05)。两组的年龄、高血压、糖尿病、高胆固醇血症、rSO_(2)、术中平均动脉压(MAP)比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄>70岁、高血压、糖尿病、高胆固醇血症、rSO_(2)低、术中MAP高是腹腔镜胃癌根治术老年患者术后认知功能障碍的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论 rSO_(2)与腹腔镜胃癌根治术老年患者术后认知功能障碍密切相关,rSO_(2)低容易导致术后认知功能障碍,同时年龄、高血压、糖尿病、高胆固醇血症、术中MAP也与术后认知功能障碍有关。

腹腔镜近端胃切除术与腹腔镜根治性全胃切除术治疗近端胃癌的效果比较

目的对比腹腔镜近端胃切除术与腹腔镜根治性全胃切除术治疗近端胃癌的临床效果。方法70例近端胃癌患者随机分为两组,A组采用腹腔镜近端胃切除术治疗,B组采用腹腔镜根治性全胃切除术治疗,比较两组的手术相关指标、炎性因子水平及并发症。结果A组的手术相关指标均优于B组,术后7 d的hs-CRP、IL-6、TNF-α水平均低于B组(P<0.05)。两组的并发症总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论与腹腔镜根治性全胃切除术相比,腹腔镜近端胃切除术治疗近端胃癌患者的创伤较小,术后炎性反应较轻。

保留左结肠动脉腹腔镜直肠癌根治术对患者胃功能、并发症的影响

目的探析保留左结肠动脉(leftcolicartery,LCA)腹腔镜直肠癌根治术对患者胃功能、并发症的影响。方法选取2020年12月至2023年11月敦化市医院收治的57例行腹腔镜直肠癌根治术患者,按随机数字分组法分为对照组(28例)与观察组(29例)。对照组患者术中不保留LCA,观察组术中保留LCA。对比两组并发症发生率、胃功能、排尿功能、肛肠动力学。结果与术前比,术后30d两组患者的胃泌素、胃动素、胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ、降钙素基因相关肽(calcitonin gene-related peptide,CGRP)水平均升高,且观察组患者的胃泌素、胃动素、胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ、CGRP水平高于对照组;与术前相比,术后30d两组患者的肛管静息压、肛管最大收缩压均降低,且观察组患者的肛管静息压、肛管最大收缩压均高于对照组,差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。术后7d两组患者的膀胱过度活动症状评分(overactive bladder symptom scale,OABSS)各项评分较术前均降低,且术后7d观察组患者的OABSS各项评分低于对照组,差异均有显著性(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论腹腔镜根治术中保留LCA可改善直肠癌患者的肛肠动力学指标,快速恢复其胃功能与排尿功能,并降低并发症发生风险。

早期胃癌淋巴结转移相关因素分析及腹腔镜D2根治术与内镜黏膜下剥离术临床疗效的回顾性队列研究

目的 探究早期胃癌淋巴结转移的相关因素,分析腹腔镜D2根治术与内镜黏膜下剥离术(endoscopic submucosal dissection, ESD)的临床疗效差异。方法 采用回顾性队列研究方法,选择2018年6月至2022年6月于我院进行手术治疗的404例早期胃癌患者作为研究对象,根据手术方法的不同将患者分为腹腔镜组(271例)和ESD组(133例)。比较不同临床特征患者的淋巴结转移情况,多因素Logistic回归分析影响早期胃癌患者淋巴结转移的因素;统计符合ESD绝对适应证和扩大适应证患者的淋巴结转移率;Kaplan-Meier法比较早期胃癌患者ESD与腹腔镜D2根治术的远期疗效;采用分层回归分析探索早期胃癌患者手术方式与远期疗效间的关系。结果 404例早期胃癌患者中,淋巴结转移率为12.38%(50/404)。单因素分析结果显示,合并溃疡、肿瘤病理类型、病理分化程度等7个临床特征与淋巴结转移有关;多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,肿瘤分化程度为低分化、肿瘤浸润深度为SM是影响早期胃癌淋巴结转移的相关因素;404例患者总体生存率为96.29%(389/404),腹腔镜组生存率(96.31%)与ESD组生存率(96.24%)差异无统计学意义;符合ESD绝对适应证而行腹腔镜D2根治术与ESD治疗的5年生存率分别为96.00%和96.55%,差异无统计学意义;符合ESD扩大适应证而行腹腔镜D2根治术与ESD治疗的5年生存率分别为94.74%和91.67%,差异无统计学意义。经分层回归分析调整病变大小、病理分化程度、肿瘤浸润深度等临床特征后,早期胃癌患者手术方式与远期疗效依然相关(β=1.173,P=0.003)。结论 肿瘤浸润深度、分化程度与早期胃癌患者淋巴结转移密切相关。符合ESD绝对适应证和扩大适应证患者行腹腔镜D2根治术与ESD治疗的效果相当。

经腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术治疗对老年胃癌患者机体炎症及预后的影响

目的:研讨经腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术治疗对老年胃癌患者机体炎症及预后的影响。方法:选取2020年5月—2023年1月经莆田学院附属医院诊治的老年胃癌患者80例,按照随机数字表法做组别划分,对照组(n=40)接受传统开腹手术治疗,观察组(n=40)接受经腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术处理。比较两组围手术期基础指标、并发症、胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ(PGⅠ)、血清肿瘤标志物[糖类抗原19-9(CA 19-9)、糖类抗原125(CA125)]及机体炎症指标[C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、血沉(ESR)]。结果:观察组切口长度、手术时间、住院时间、术后下床时间及术后排气时间均短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后3个月,观察组血清CA125与CA19-9检测值相较于对照组均明显降低,PGⅠ检测值相较于对照组明显升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后7 d,观察组机体炎症指标(CRP、PCT与ESR)检测值相较于对照组均明显下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组住院期间发生并发症的患者总占比低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:经腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术用于老年胃癌患者的治疗近期效果较好,相比传统开腹手术能够更有效减轻机体炎症,降低血清肿瘤标志物,并且并发症也较少,手术安全性相对更有保障。

腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者术后并发症的影响因素分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者术后并发症的影响因素。方法:选择于医院行腹腔镜胃癌根治术的62例胃癌患者作为研究对象,根据术后是否发生急性肾损伤和(或)急性心衰将纳入患者分为并发症发生组(20例)、未发生组(42例),利用基础资料调查问卷、相关量表等调查、评分结果,对其展开单因素分析、Logistic多因素分析。结果:Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、体质指数及术前夜间血压变化均为腹腔镜胃癌根治术独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:年龄、体质指数及术前夜间血压变化均为腹腔镜胃癌根治术患者术后并发症发生独立危险因素,为降低并发症发生率,应加强患者术前夜间血压变化监测,重点关注年龄及体质指数较高患者。

腹腔镜根治术治疗胃癌时行椎旁神经阻滞的麻醉效果研究

目的 分析胃癌患者实施腹腔镜根治术时采取不同的麻醉方案对其麻醉效果及预后的影响。方法 50例行腹腔镜根治术治疗的胃癌患者,按入院诊疗先后顺序分为参考组与对照组,各25例。对照组行全身麻醉,参考组行全身麻醉+椎旁神经阻滞麻醉。比较两组患者的麻醉情况、手术不同时间段的血氧指标、插管前后的激素水平、不良反应发生情况、麻醉药用量、不同状态的疼痛评分。结果 对照组拔管时间为(25.58±1.42)min,麻醉后监测治疗室停留时间为(58.47±1.58)min;参考组拔管时间为(11.84±1.16)min,麻醉后监测治疗室停留时间为(41.82±1.14)min。参考组拔管时间、麻醉后监测治疗室停留时均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。手术15 min,参考组平均动脉压、心率分别为(85.26±1.71)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、(55.85±1.35)次/min,低于对照组的(88.21±1.55)mm Hg、(60.79±0.55)次/min,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后,两组平均动脉压、心率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。插管前,两组肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);插管后即刻,参考组肾上腺素(72.64±1.25)pmol/L高于对照组的(59.54±1.53)pmol/L,去甲肾上腺素(264.45±0.39)pmol/L低于对照组的(278.77±0.54)pmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。参考组不良反应发生率为4.00%,低于对照组的28.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组丙泊酚用量(56±12)mg、瑞芬太尼用量(116±14)μg、舒芬太尼用量(130±12)μg;参考组丙泊酚用量(41±10)mg、瑞芬太尼用量(80±6)μg、舒芬太尼用量(94±10)μg。参考组丙泊酚用量、瑞芬太尼用量、舒芬太尼用量均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。插管后即刻,参考组静息状态及咳嗽状态的疼痛评分分别为(1.86±0.32)、(1.45±0.25)分,均低于对照组的(4.63±0.21)、(3.56±0.16)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 在对胃癌患者行腹腔镜根治术治疗时,为了减少麻醉药物的使用量,降低其对患者的预后影响,需给予椎旁神经阻滞麻醉,在减轻患者术中疼痛感的同时,也加快了患者的预后恢复,值得各级医疗机构的广泛借鉴。