Efficacy of Solitaire AB stent-release angioplasty in acute middle cerebral artery atherosclerosis obliterative cerebral infarction

BACKGROUND In both national and international studies,the safety and effectiveness of treatment with the Solitaire stent in patients with ischemic stroke caused by acute large vessel occlusion were good,and the disability rate was significantly reduced.However,there are currently only a few reports on the differences in endovascular treatment for different etiological classifications,especially in the anterior cranial circulation,aorta atherosclerotic stenosis,and acute thrombosis.AIM To investigate the efficacy of Solitaire AB stent-release angioplasty in patients with acute middle cerebral artery atherosclerosis obliterative cerebral infarction.METHODS Twenty-five patients with acute middle cerebral atherosclerosis obliterative cerebral infarction were retrospectively enrolled in this study from January 2017 to December 2019.The Solitaire AB stent was used to improve anterior blood flow to maintain modified cerebral infarction thrombolysis[modified thrombolysis in cerebral infarction(mTICI)]at the 2b/3 level or above,the stent was then unfolded and released.RESULTS All 25 patients underwent successful surgery,with an average recanalization time of 23 min.One patient died of cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral herniation after the operation.The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)scores immediately after surgery(7.5±5.6),at 24 h(5.5±5.6)and at 1 wk(3.6±6.7)compared with the preoperative NIHSS score(15.9±4.4),were significantly different(P<0.01).One case of restenosis was observed 3 mo after surgery(the stenosis rate was 50%without clinical symptoms),the modified Rankin scale scores were 0 points in 14 cases(56%),1 point in 4 cases(16%),2 points in 2 cases(8%),3 points in 3 cases(12%),4 points in 1 case(4%),and 6 points in 1 case(4%).CONCLUSION In acute middle cerebral artery atherosclerosis obliterative cerebral infarction,when the Solitaire AB stent is unfolded and the forward blood flow is maintained at mTICI level 2b/3 or higher,stent release may be a safe and effective treatment method;however,long-term observation and a larger sample size are required to verify these findings.

Relationship between Carotid Atherosclerosis and Cerebral Infarction

Objective To study the relationship between carotid atherosclerosis and cerebral infarction (CI). Methods Between November 2008 and March 2009,147 CI patients (CI group) and 48 patients with non-cerebrovascular diseases (control group) were enrolled from inpatients of Neurology Department of our hospital. The diagnostic criterion of thickened carotid intima was set as 1.0 mm≤intima-media thickness (IMT) <1.5 mm and that of carotid plaque was as IMT≥1.5 mm. Carotid atherosclerosis was divided into three levels: normal intima,thickened intima,and plaque formation. The color Doppler ultrasonography data of carotid arteries in all patients were analyzed and the severity of carotid atherosclerosis was compared between the two groups. Results In the CI group,36 (24.5%) patients had normal carotid intima,22 (15.0%) had thickened carotid intima,and 89 (60.5%) had carotid plaque. In the control group,22 (45.8%) patients had normal carotid intima,4 (8.3%) had thickened carotid intima,and 22 (45.8%) had carotid plaque. The severity of carotid atherosclerosis in the CI group was higher than that in the control group (P=0.022). There was significant difference in the constitution of carotid plaque between the two groups (P=0.001); the CI group mainly had the soft plaque (55/89,61.8%),whereas the control group mainly had the hard plaque (17/22,77.3%). The first three common locations of carotid plaque in both groups were carotid bifurcation (CI group: 73.7%; control group: 64.1%),common carotid artery (CI group: 20.4%; control group: 25.6%),and internal carotid artery (CI group: 5.9%; control group: 10.3%). The location of carotid plaque between the two groups was not significantly different (P=0.438). There was no difference in the carotid inner diameter or resistance index between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions Carotid atherosclerosis is to some extent able to reveal the atherosclerotic condition of cerebral arteries and act as an important predictor for the risk of CI. The color Doppler ultrasonography of carotid arteries can provide a convenient way for the prevention and treatment of CI.

Correlation of serum cyclophilin A and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels with carotid atherosclerosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction

Objective:To study the correlation of serum cyclophilin A (CyPA) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels with carotid atherosclerosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods: 106 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were hospitalized in our hospital between July 2011 and August 2015 were selected as observation group, and 50 cases of healthy persons who received physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as normal control group. The serum CyPA and MCP-1 contnets in two groups were determined. According to the median of CyPA and MCP-1 contents in observation group, they were divided into high CyPA group and low CyPA group as well as high MCP-1 group and low MCP-1 group, 53 cases in each group. Contents of lipid metabolism indexes and carotid atherosclerosis illness-related indicators were compared between acute cerebral infarction patients with different CyPA and MCP-1 contents.Results:Serum CyPA and MCP-1 contents in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group. Serum TC, LP(a) and LDL-C contents in high CyPA group and high MCP-1 group were higher than those in low CyPA group and low MCP-1 group while HDL-C contents were lower than those in low CyPA group and low MCP-1 group. Serum CysC, Hcy and UA contents in high CyPA group and high MCP-1 group were higher than those in low CyPA group and low MCP-1 group.Conclusion: Serum CyPA and MCP-1 contents in patients with acute cerebral infarction are higher than those in normal population, and the contents of CyPA and MCP-1 are positively correlated with the degree of carotid atherosclerosis.

Correlating cognitive impairment with carotid atherosclerosis and carotid artery stenosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction

BACKGROUND：Studies have demonstrated that carotid atherosclerosis and carotid artery stenosis are closely associated with cognitive impairment in patients with and without clinically evident cerebrovascular disease. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the correlation between the degree of pathological changes in carotid atherosclerosis, carotid artery stenosis, and cognitive impairment in patients with acute cerebral infarction through the use of color Doppler imaging. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The present concurrent, non-randomized, controlled experiment was performed at the Departments of Neurology and Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College between November 2006 and August 2007. PARTICIPANTS： Fifty-five patients with cerebral infarction, consisting of 35 males and 20 females, aged 50–82 years, were admitted to the hospital between November 2006 and August 2007 and recruited for this study. An additional 30 subjects consisting of 18 males and 12 females, aged 47–78 years, that concurrently received a health examination at the same hospital, were also included as normal controls. METHODS： Intima-media thickness （IMT）, plaque shape, size, and echo intensity of all subjects were detected by color Doppler flow imaging. Assessment criteria： IMT 〉 1.0 mm was considered to be intimal thickening, and IMT 〉 1.2 mm was determined to be formed atherosclerotic plaques. In the position of the largest plaque, the degree of carotid artery stenosis was determined by the following formula： （1-cross-sectional area of residual vascular luminal area/vascular cross-sectional area） × 100%. Less than 30% exhibited mild stenosis, 30%-40% moderate stenosis, and 〉 50% severe stenosis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： IMT and the degree of carotid artery stenosis were evaluated by color Doppler flow imaging. The Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE）, as well as the clinical memory scale, was compared between patients with cerebral infarction and normal controls. RESULTS： In the cerebral infarction group, IMT was increased, the degree of carotid artery stenosis was aggravated, and the MMSE and MQ scores of clinical memory scale were decreased. In particular, orientation of time and place, attention, calculation, and short-time memory were decreased. There were statistically significant differences in MMSE and MQ of clinical memory scale between patients with cerebral infarction and normal controls （P 〈 0.01）. The scores from the two scales were significantly lower in patients with cerebral infarction with carotid plaque subgroup compared to the cerebral infarction with no carotid plaque subgroup （P 〈 0.01）. The scores from the two scales were also significantly lower in patients with IMT 〉 1.0 mm, as well as moderate and severe carotid artery stenosis, compared to patients with IMT ≤ 1.0 mm, and normal and mild stenosis group （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： More severe atherosclerotic and carotid artery stenosis leads to more obvious cognitive impairment.

Correlation of carotid contrast-enhanced ultrasonography parameters with nerve damage and plaque properties in patients with atherosclerosis cerebral infarction

Objective: To explore the correlation of carotid contrast-enhanced ultrasonography parameters with nerve damage and plaque properties in patients with atherosclerosis cerebral infarction. Methods: A total of 176 patients with atherosclerosis cerebral infarction who were sent to this hospital for medical treatment between August 2014 and February 2018 were enrolled in cerebral infarction group, and 100 healthy elderly subjects who received physical examination in this hospital during the same period were enrolled in normal control group. Carotid CEUS parameter levels as well as serum contents of indexes related to nerve injury and plaque property were compared between the two groups, and Pearson test was used to evaluate the correlation of CEUS parameters levels with nerve damage and plaque properties in patients with cerebral infarction. Results: CEUS parameter Tp level in cerebral infarction group was lower than that in normal control group whereas P and AUC levels were higher than those in normal control group;serum nerve damage-related indexes SAA, NT-proBNP, Hcy, NSE and copeptin contents were higher than those of normal control group;serum plaque property-related indexes Lp-PLA2, MMP-9, Cat S and CD62P contents were higher than those of normal control group while APN and Cys C contents were lower than those of normal control group. Correlation analysis confirmed that carotid CEUS parameter levels in patients with cerebral infarction were correlated with the contents of indexes related to nerve damage and plaque property. Conclusion: Carotid CEUS parameters are obviously abnormal in patients with atherosclerosis cerebral infarction, they are directly correlated with the specific nerve damage and plaque properties, and they can be used as the reliable indexes to forecast the risk of cerebral infarction and evaluate its severity.

Characteristics of glucolipid metabolism as well as atherosclerosis in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome combined with cerebral infarction

Objective:To evaluate the characteristics of glucolipid metabolism as well as atherosclerosis in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) combined with cerebral infarction.Methods:Patients who were treated in the hospital due to acute cerebral infarction between March 2015 and February 2018 were selected, and according to the combination of OSAHS, the 300 patients with cerebral infarction were divided into the cerebral infarction group A who were combined with OSAHS and the cerebral infarction group B who were not combined with OSAHS;the 100 cases of healthy volunteers who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group. The contents of glucolipid metabolism indexes, cytokines and plaque hydrolysis molecules in serum were determined.Results: Serum F-Ins, TC, LDL-C, VE-cadherin, YKL-40, FKN, M-CSF, MCP-1, MMP9, Caspase-3, ICTP and VCAM-1 levels of cerebral infarction group A and cerebral infarction group B were significantly higher than those of control group whereas HDL-C levels were significantly lower than that of control group;serum F-Ins, TC, LDL-C, VE-cadherin, YKL-40, FKN, M-CSF, MCP-1, MMP9, Caspase-3, ICTP and VCAM-1 levels of cerebral infarction group A were significantly higher than those of cerebral infarction group B whereas HDL-C level was significantly lower than that of cerebral infarction group B.Conclusion: There are more significant glucolipid metabolism disorder and worse plaque stability in patients with OSAHS combined with cerebral infarction.

Correlation of serum MCP-1 and VE-cadherin levels with neural function and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction

Objective:To study the correlation of serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) levels with neural function and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods:A total of 78 patients who were diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction in our hospital between May 2013 and August 2016 were selected as pathological group, and 80 healthy volunteers who received physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as control group. Serum was collected to determine the levels of MCP-1, VE-cadherin, nerve injury molecules, inflammatory mediators, proteases and their hydrolysate.Results:Serum MCP-1, VE-cadherin, NGB, NSE, S100β, HMGB-1, sCD40L, YKL-40, visfatin, CatK, MMP9 and ICTP levels of pathological group were significantly higher than those of control group;serum MCP-1 and VE-cadherin levels of pathological group were positively correlated with NGB, NSE, S100β, HMGB-1, sCD40L, YKL-40, visfatin, CatK, MMP9 and ICTP levels.Conclusion:Serum MCP-1 and VE-cadherin levels abnormally increase in patients with acute cerebral infarction, and are closely related to the nerve injury and atherosclerosis process.

Evaluation value of CTA for vertebrobasilar artery stenosis in patients with posterior circulation cerebral infarction and its correlation with serum biochemical indexes

Objective: To study the evaluation value of CTA for vertebrobasilar artery stenosis in patients with posterior circulation cerebral infarction and its correlation with serum biochemical indexes. Methods: A total of 148 patients who were treated in Maanshan Shiqiye Hospital between June 2014 and February 2017 due to vertebrobasilar artery stenosis were selected as the research subjects and divided into cerebral infarction group and transient ischemic attack (TIA) group according to the imageological examination. CTA was used to evaluate vertebrobasilar atherosclerotic plaque properties, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to determine the levels of nerve injury markers, inflammatory response-related molecules and plaque property-related protease molecules. Results: The positive rate of posterior circulation plaque in cerebral infarction group was obviously higher than that in TIA group, and the positive rate of unstable plaque, fibrous plaque and calcified plaque were higher than those in TIA group;serum NSE, S100B, UCH-L1, GFAP, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, YKL-40, CatS, MMP9, MMP10 and ADAMTS12 levels of cerebral infarction group of patients with unstable plaque, fibrous plaque and calcified plaque were all higher than those of TIA group;serum NSE, S100B, UCH-L1, GFAP, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, YKL-40, CatS, MMP9, MMP10 and ADAMTS12 levels of cerebral infarction group of patients with unstable plaque and fibrous plaque were all higher than those of patients with calcified plaque, and serum NSE, S100B, UCH-L1, GFAP, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, PECAM-1, VE-cadherin, YKL-40, CatS, MMP9, MMP10 and ADAMTS12 levels of cerebral infarction group of patients with unstable plaque were all higher than those of patients with fibrous plaque. Conclusion: CTA can accurately assess the property of vertebrobasilar atherosclerotic plaque in patients with posterior circulation cerebral infarction and is closely related to the degree of nerve injury and the change of plaque property.

血清KLF2、NOS3水平对大动脉粥样硬化型急性脑梗死患者的诊断及病情评估价值

[目的]探讨锌指样转录因子2(KLF2)、内皮型一氧化氮合酶3(NOS3)水平在大动脉粥样硬化(LAA)型急性脑梗死(ACI)患者诊断及病情评估中的价值。[方法]将150例LAA型ACI患者根据病情分为轻度组(n=36)、中度组(n=48)和重度组(n=66),另选取同期门诊健康体检者设为对照组(n=150)。比较各组血清KLF2、NOS3水平;ROC曲线分别分析血清KLF2、NOS3水平对LAA型ACI的诊断价值和对发生重度LAA型ACI的预测价值。[结果]LAA型ACI组患者血清KLF2、NOS3水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。轻、中、重度组LAA型ACI患者血清KLF2、NOS3水平依次显著降低(P<0.05)。血清KLF2、NOS3二者联合诊断LAA型ACI的AUC为0.858,灵敏度为73.33%,特异度为86.00%,优于KLF2、NOS3各自单独诊断(Z联合检测-KLF2=3.796,Z联合检测-NOS3=4.689,均P<0.001)。血清KLF2、NOS3二者联合预测发生重度LAA型ACI的AUC为0.878,灵敏度为77.27%,特异度为90.48%,优于KLF2、NOS3各自单独预测(Z联合检测-KLF2=2.401,P=0.016;Z联合检测-NOS3=3.070,P=0.002)。[结论]LAA型ACI患者血清KLF2、NOS3水平显著降低,且与病情严重程度显著负相关,二者联合应用对LAA型ACI诊断和病情预测具有较高的评估效能。

急性脑梗死患者血清中高迁移率族蛋白、脂联素和氧化低密度脂蛋白的表达水平及其与颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性

目的探讨急性脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化与血清中高迁移率族蛋白(HMGB)、脂联素和氧化低密度脂蛋白(oxLDL)表达水平的相关性。方法回顾性选取2021年9月至2023年9月唐山市人民医院收治的80例急性脑梗死患者作为急性脑梗死组,梗死类型:轻度梗死(梗死直径<3.0 cm)30例,中度梗死(梗死直径3.0~5.0 cm)30例,重度梗死(梗死直径>5.0 cm)20例;颈动脉粥样硬化:内膜粗糙28例,稳定斑块36例,不稳定斑块16例;选取80名无脑血管梗死的体检老年人作为对照组。检测两组研究对象血清中HMGB、脂联素和oxLDL的表达水平,并比较不同梗死类型、不同颈动脉粥样硬化急性脑梗死患者的血清中HMGB、脂联素和oxLDL表达水平,分析急性脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化与血清中HMGB、脂联素和oxLDL表达水平的相关性。结果急性脑梗死组患者的血清中HMGB和oxLDL的表达水平分别为(25.47±5.15)ng/L、(5.22±1.04)mU/L,均明显高于对照组[(3.61±1.21)ng/L、(2.61±0.45)mU/L],脂联素的表达水平为(9.52±1.25)mg/L,明显低于对照组[(17.17±2.16)mg/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。轻度梗死、中度梗死、重度梗死急性脑梗死患者的血清中HMGB和oxLDL的表达水平均逐渐升高,脂联素的表达水平逐渐降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。内膜粗糙、稳定斑块、不稳定斑块急性脑梗死患者的血清中HMGB和oxLDL的表达水平均逐渐升高,脂联素的表达水平逐渐降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。急性脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化程度与血清中HMGB和oxLDL的表达水平均呈显著正相关(r=0.503、0.532,P<0.05),与脂联素表达水平呈显著负相关(r=-0.601,P<0.05)。结论急性脑梗死患者血清中HMGB和oxLDL的表达水平明显升高,脂联素的表达水平明显降低,血清HMGB、脂联素和oxLDL的表达水平与颈动脉粥样硬化病情显著相关,将有效依据提供给了临床诊治急性脑梗死。

血清脂蛋白(a)对不同CISS亚型脑梗死患者的影响

目的探讨血清脂蛋白(a)对不同CISS亚型脑梗死患者的影响。方法选取2018年10月至2022年11月收治的脑梗死患者234例,其中大动脉粥样硬化(LAA)型患者111例、心源性卒中(CS)型患者59例、穿支动脉疾病(PAD)型患者29例、其他病因(OE)型患者13例、不确定病因(UE)型患者22例。收集所有患者的临床资料,检测血清脂蛋白(a)。比较不同CISS亚型脑梗死患者的血清脂蛋白(a)水平,分析不同发病机制的大动脉粥样硬化(LAA)型患者血清脂蛋白(a)水平,并分析大动脉粥样硬化(LAA)型患者的影响因素。结果在234例脑梗死患者中,大动脉粥样硬化(LAA)型患者血清脂蛋白(a)水平显著高于其他类型,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。大动脉粥样硬化(LAA)型患者高血压患病率低于非LAA型患者(P<0.05)。大动脉粥样硬化(LAA)型患者高脂血症患病率高于非大动脉粥样硬化(LAA)型患者(P<0.05)。且大动脉粥样硬化(LAA)型患者多有吸烟史(P<0.05)。高血压、高脂血症、吸烟史均是大动脉粥样硬化(LAA)型患者的影响因素。结论血清脂蛋白(a)在不同CISS亚型脑梗死患者中呈差异表达,大动脉粥样硬化(LAA)型患者的血清脂蛋白(a)表达水平最高。

小窝蛋白1与脑梗死相关性研究进展

小窝蛋白1(caveolin-1,Cav-1)是小窝中的一种支架蛋白和胆固醇结合蛋白,是细胞膜穴样内陷的主要结构成分,在脂质转运、细胞生长分化、血管生成等方面有着重要的作用。Cav-1在中枢神经系统的内皮细胞、周细胞、星形胶质细胞等许多细胞中表达。现有研究表明Cav-1与多种中枢神经系统疾病之间存在密切联系,本文简要概述Cav-1与脑梗死的关系。

急性脑梗死合并糖尿病患者颈动脉斑块内新生血管与糖化血红蛋白的相关性研究

目的探讨急性脑梗死(ACI)合并2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者颈动脉斑块内新生血管(IPN)与糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)的相关性。方法纳入135例ACI患者,其中合并T2DM 68例(合并组),单纯ACI 67例(单纯组)。比较两组HbA1c、空腹血糖(FBG)等生化指标水平、常规超声及超声造影IPN分级;根据HbA1c水平分层,比较并分析IPN分级与HbA1c的关系。结果合并组血清HbA1c、FBG和同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平均高于单纯组(P<0.01或0.05),不稳定斑块及Ⅲ/Ⅳ级IPN的检出率均高于单纯组(P<0.05)。合并组中血清HbA1c>6.5%水平患者48例,HbA1c≤6.5%水平患者20例,前者不稳定斑块的检出率高于后者(P<0.05)。合并组Ⅲ/Ⅳ级IPN患者的HbA1c水平高于Ⅰ/Ⅱ级IPN患者(P<0.05);HbA1c水平与IPN分级呈正相关(r=0.346,P<0.05)。结论急性脑梗死合并2型糖尿病患者颈动脉斑块内新生血管分级与糖化血红蛋白水平有相关性,有助于识别斑块易损性。

替罗非班联合瑞舒伐他汀治疗急性脑梗死患者的临床价值探究

目的探讨急性脑梗死(ACI)患者采用替罗非班与瑞舒伐他汀联合用药的临床价值。方法选取2021年1月至2022年1月期间在开封市中心医院收治60例初发急性脑梗死患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和联合组,每组30例。对照组患者给予常规对症治疗+口服瑞舒伐他汀,联合组在对照组基础上加用替罗非班,2组疗程均为1个月,比较两组患者治疗前、治疗结束时血脂[总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)]、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)及血清超敏反应C蛋白(hs-CRP)水平;比较两组患者凝血功能[纤维蛋白原(FIB)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)]情况;依据美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分评估患者治疗前后神经系统功能变化,比较联合组与对照组不良反应情况。结果治疗前,两组患者在治疗前所测血脂指标(TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C)水平进行比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组患者较治疗前血脂水平均降低,联合组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组的Hcy、hs-CRP水平相比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗1个月后,两组相较于同组治疗前的Hcy、hs-CRP水平均有所降低,且联合组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组的FIB、APTT、PT的比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组的FIB、APTT、PT均有所降低,且联合组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组的NIHSS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗1个月后,两组的NIHSS评分均有所降低,且联合组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗不良反应比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),联合组再发梗死率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论急性脑梗死患者采用替罗非班及瑞舒伐他汀药物联合治疗可有效降低患者血脂水平,并有效抑制患者的炎性反应,同时可以改善患者脑部血流状态以及神经系统功能状态,对ACI患者治疗效果较单用瑞舒伐他汀更好。

血清lncRNA UCA1、miR-135b-5p水平与急性脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化及预后的关系

目的探讨血清长链非编码RNA尿路上皮癌胚抗原1(lncRNA UCA1)及血清微小RNA-135b-5p(miR-135b-5p)水平与急性脑梗死(ACI)患者颈动脉粥样硬化及预后的关系。方法选取2019年2月至2023年5月该院收治的160例ACI患者为ACI组,经颈动脉彩色普勒超声检查有无颈动脉粥样硬化,将其分为有颈动脉粥样硬化组(80例)及无颈动脉粥样硬化组(80例)。根据改良Rankin量表将其分为预后不良组(76例),预后良好组(84例)。另选取同期该院160例体检健康者作为对照组。采用实时荧光定量PCR检测ACI患者血清中lncRNA UCA1、miR-135b-5p水平,多因素Logistic回归分析ACI患者预后的影响因素,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清lncRNA UCA1、miR-135b-5p水平对ACI患者预后不良的预测价值。结果ACI组血清lncRNA UCA1水平高于对照组,血清miR-135b-5p水平低于对照组(P<0.05);ACI患者血清lncRNA UCA1水平与miR-135b-5p呈负相关(r=-0.417,P<0.05);有颈动脉粥样硬化组血清lncRNA UCA1水平高于无颈动脉粥样硬化组,血清miR-135b-5p水平低于无颈动脉粥样硬化组(P<0.05);预后良好组血清lncRNA UCA1水平低于预后不良组,血清miR-135b-5p水平高于预后不良组(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,血清lncRNA UCA1、LDL-C水平及美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分是ACI患者预后的危险因素,血清miR-135b-5p水平是ACI患者预后的保护因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析发现,血清lncRNA UCA1、miR-135b-5p水平联合预测ACI患者预后不良的曲线下面积(AUC)大于血清lncRNA UCA1和miR-135b-5p单独预测的AUC(Z=3.579、2.258,均P<0.05)。结论血清lncRNA UCA1、miR-135b-5p与ACI患者颈动脉粥样硬化及预后密切相关,可将二者作为ACI预后评估的辅助指标。

颈部超声弹性成像联合超声造影对脑梗死颈动脉粥样硬化的诊断价值分析

目的探讨颈部超声弹性成像联合超声造影对脑梗死颈动脉粥样硬化(CAS)的诊断价值。方法选取2021年10月至2022年10月郑州市第七人民医院收治的320例脑梗死患者均进行常规超声、颈部超声弹性成像、超声造影检查,以数字减影血管造影为金标准,比较斑块检出率、稳定性与不稳定性、斑块检查参数及诊断价值。结果320例脑梗死患者中共检出CAS斑块251例(78.44%);颈部超声弹性成像联合超声造影对CAS斑块检出率(98.41%)高于常规超声(87.65%)、颈部超声弹性(94.42%)、超声造影(94.82%);颈部超声弹性成像联合超声造影和超声造影对软斑块检出率(98.11%、95.60%)高于常规超声和颈部超声弹性成像(86.16%、89.31%);颈部超声弹性成像联合超声造影对硬斑块检出率(97.22%)显著高于常规超声(77.78%);稳定性斑块组斑块厚度、弹性评分、增强密度均小于不稳定性斑块组;斑块厚度、弹性评分、增强密度单项及联合诊断脑梗死CAS不稳定性斑块的AUC分别为0.888、0.973、0.774、0.995,发现联合诊断的敏感度、特异度较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论常规超声、颈部超声弹性成像、超声造影均可诊断脑梗死CAS,同时其检查参数斑块厚度、弹性评分、增强密度可有效评估脑梗死CAS斑块稳定性,联合诊断价值更高。

高剂量与常规剂量阿托伐他汀对急性脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化及神经功能的影响对比

目的对比分析高剂量与常规剂量阿托伐他汀治疗急性脑梗死(Acute Cerebral Infarct,ACI)患者对颈动脉粥样硬化及神经功能的影响。方法便利选择寿光市人民医院于2021年3月—2023年3月收治的88例ACI患者为研究对象,按随机数表法分为两组,每组44例。两组均予以阿托伐他汀治疗,对照组按照常规剂量(20 mg/次,1次/d),观察组按照高剂量(40 mg/次,1次/d),均治疗1个月。比较两组神经功能、临床疗效、颈动脉粥样硬化指标、炎性因子水平、血脂水平、不良反应。结果观察组治疗总有效率(95.45%)高于对照组(81.82%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.062,P<0.05)。治疗前,两组神经功能、颈动脉粥样硬化指标、炎性因子水平、血脂水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);治疗后,观察组美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分、颈动脉内中膜厚度、斑块面积均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组高敏C反应蛋白、白细胞介素-8、白细胞介素-1β、肿瘤坏死因子-α、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高剂量阿托伐他汀治疗ACI效果较常规剂量好,能够更为显著改善神经功能、颈动脉粥样硬化,减轻炎症反应,且不会明显增加不良反应。

急性脑梗死合并颈动脉粥样硬化患者颈动脉斑块的相关危险因素分析

目的探讨急性脑梗死患者并发颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的危险因素,为颈动脉粥样斑块疾病的临床预测和诊疗提供依据。方法采用回顾性分析法,对天津市环湖医院在2021年11月—2023年6月收治的急性脑梗死患者共591例进行调查研究,对研究对象的临床资料和基础资料进行收集整理,参考研究对象颈动脉彩超结果,按是否有颈动脉斑块合并进行试验分组。其中,斑块组包含405例、非斑块组186例。为确保两组患者的脑梗死严重程度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),将两组患者年龄、性别、吸烟史等基础资料以及血压、心率、尿酸、空腹血糖值等临床资料纳入单因素线性回归分析法中进行统计分析,对急性脑梗死患者并发颈动脉斑块的诱发因素进行探讨。结果急性脑梗死患者并发颈动脉斑块的诱发因素包含空腹血糖值、尿酸值、吸烟史等。以危险程度作为排序依据,按照从低到高的顺序对其排序:尿酸(OR=1.007,P=0.006)、年龄(OR=1.1037,P<0.0001)、空腹血糖水平(OR=1.5361,P=0.0267)、吸烟史(OR=3.1131,P=0.0028)。结论在急性脑梗死合并颈动脉粥样硬化患者危险因素中,空腹血糖水平、年龄、尿酸值、吸烟史为独立危险因素。在临床治疗中,对于并发颈动脉斑块风险的控制,除需控制血脂水平外,尚且需要控制患者的血糖水平以及尿酸水平。

系统免疫炎症指数与颅内外动脉粥样硬化性狭窄的相关性分析

[目的]分析系统免疫炎症指数(SII)与颅内外动脉粥样硬化性狭窄之间的关系。[方法]回顾性分析徐州医科大学附属医院神经内科收治的489例脑梗死患者,所有患者均完成头颈部计算机体层血管成像(CTA)检查,基于这些患者的狭窄程度,相应归入无狭窄组、轻度狭窄组(狭窄程度<50%)、中度狭窄组(狭窄程度≥50%且<70%)、重度狭窄组(狭窄程度≥70%),并对患者的基线资料、血脂、血常规等进行记录、统计分析。经由多因素二元Logistic回归分析与狭窄发生相关的独立风险因子。用多因素Logistic回归分析与狭窄程度相关的独立风险因子,用ROC曲线分析SII预测颅内外动脉粥样硬化性狭窄的价值。[结果]多因素二元Logistic回归分析发现,年龄(OR=1.185,P<0.05)、SII(OR=1.482,P<0.05)、性别(OR=2.721,P=0.003)、高血压(OR=3.119,P<0.001)为颅内外动脉粥样硬化性狭窄的独立风险因子。多因素Logistic回归分析发现,hs-CRP(OR=1.197,P=0.011)、SII(OR=1.379,P<0.001)、Hcy(OR=1.517,P=0.013)显著影响血管狭窄程度。ROC曲线分析显示,SII的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.747,最佳截断值为447.89。Spearman相关性分析结果显示,SII水平与颅内外动脉粥样硬化性狭窄、颅内外动脉粥样硬化性狭窄严重程度均呈显著正相关(r=0.524、0.482,P<0.05)。[结论]SII水平与脑梗死患者颅内外动脉粥样硬化性狭窄程度独立正相关,对颅内外动脉粥样硬化性狭窄具一定预测价值。

替罗非班治疗超时间窗前循环大动脉粥样硬化型急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的 探讨静脉应用替罗非班注射液治疗超时间窗前循环大动脉粥样硬化型急性脑梗死患者的疗效。方法 选取2021年11月至2022年12月入住温州市中心医院神经内科的前循环大动脉粥样硬化型急性脑梗死患者66例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为治疗组和对照组,每组各33例。对照组患者予阿司匹林肠溶片;治疗组患者予静脉泵入替罗非班注射液维持48h,再桥接常规抗血小板治疗,疗程均为2周,后续随访6个月。比较治疗前后两组患者的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分、改良Rankin量表(modified Rankin scale,MRS)评分、改良Barthel指数(modified Barthel index,MBI)评分、血栓弹力图、脑梗死出血转化情况。结果 治疗14d,治疗组患者的NIHSS评分显著低于治疗前(P<0.01),且显著低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗14d和随访6个月,两组患者的MRS评分均显著低于本组治疗前(P<0.01);随访6个月,治疗组患者的MRS评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗7d、14d,随访6个月,治疗组患者的MBI评分均显著高于本组治疗前(P<0.05);治疗14d、随访6个月,治疗组患者的MBI均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,治疗组患者的血小板聚集抑制率显著高于对照组(P<0.01),血小板活性显著低于对照组(P<0.01);两组患者均无脑梗死出血转化情况发生。结论 替罗非班桥接常规抗血小板治疗可阻止急性脑梗死的神经功能缺损恶化,大大降低致残率,改善患者的生活能力,且不增加脑出血风险。