Early-onset colorectal cancer(EOCRC)has been rising in global prevalence and incidence over the past several decades.Environmental influences,including generational lifestyle changes and rising obesity,contribute to t...Early-onset colorectal cancer(EOCRC)has been rising in global prevalence and incidence over the past several decades.Environmental influences,including generational lifestyle changes and rising obesity,contribute to these increased rates.While the rise in EOCRC is best documented in western countries,it is seen throughout the world,although EOCRC may have distinct genetic mutations in patients of different ethnic backgrounds.Pathological and molecular characterizations show that EOCRC has a distinct presentation compared with later-onset colorectal cancer(LOCRC).Recent studies have identified DNA,RNA,and protein-level alterations unique to EOCRC,revealing much-needed biomarkers and potential novel therapeutic targets.Many molecular EOCRC studies have been performed with Caucasian and Asian EOCRC cohorts,however,studies of other ethnic backgrounds are limited.In addition,certain molecular characterizations that have been conducted for LOCRC have not yet been repeated in EOCRC,including high-throughput analyses of histone modifications,mRNA splicing,and proteomics on large cohorts.We propose that the complex relationship between cancer and aging should be considered when studying the molecular underpinnings of EOCRC.In this review,we summarize current EOCRC literature,focusing on sporadic molecular alterations in tumors,and their clinical implications.We conclude by discussing current challenges and future directions of EOCRC research efforts.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the characteristics of brain laterality in patients with childhood onset schizophrenia. Methods: The study employed a dichotic Chinese word listening test(DL) as a chief measure and WISC-R as...Objective: To investigate the characteristics of brain laterality in patients with childhood onset schizophrenia. Methods: The study employed a dichotic Chinese word listening test(DL) as a chief measure and WISC-R as an assistant measure to examine 16 patients and 20 normal children as controls. Results: DL indicated that the patients differed from the controls in ear advantages and their performances were significantly poorer than the controls in left ear. The performances of the patients on WISC-R showed that their PIQ was significantly lower than VIQ. Conclusion:The patients with childhood onset schizophrenia differed from the controls in brain laterality. They might be involved with right hemisphere impairment.展开更多
文摘Early-onset colorectal cancer(EOCRC)has been rising in global prevalence and incidence over the past several decades.Environmental influences,including generational lifestyle changes and rising obesity,contribute to these increased rates.While the rise in EOCRC is best documented in western countries,it is seen throughout the world,although EOCRC may have distinct genetic mutations in patients of different ethnic backgrounds.Pathological and molecular characterizations show that EOCRC has a distinct presentation compared with later-onset colorectal cancer(LOCRC).Recent studies have identified DNA,RNA,and protein-level alterations unique to EOCRC,revealing much-needed biomarkers and potential novel therapeutic targets.Many molecular EOCRC studies have been performed with Caucasian and Asian EOCRC cohorts,however,studies of other ethnic backgrounds are limited.In addition,certain molecular characterizations that have been conducted for LOCRC have not yet been repeated in EOCRC,including high-throughput analyses of histone modifications,mRNA splicing,and proteomics on large cohorts.We propose that the complex relationship between cancer and aging should be considered when studying the molecular underpinnings of EOCRC.In this review,we summarize current EOCRC literature,focusing on sporadic molecular alterations in tumors,and their clinical implications.We conclude by discussing current challenges and future directions of EOCRC research efforts.
文摘Objective: To investigate the characteristics of brain laterality in patients with childhood onset schizophrenia. Methods: The study employed a dichotic Chinese word listening test(DL) as a chief measure and WISC-R as an assistant measure to examine 16 patients and 20 normal children as controls. Results: DL indicated that the patients differed from the controls in ear advantages and their performances were significantly poorer than the controls in left ear. The performances of the patients on WISC-R showed that their PIQ was significantly lower than VIQ. Conclusion:The patients with childhood onset schizophrenia differed from the controls in brain laterality. They might be involved with right hemisphere impairment.
