Effect of Right Supine Tracheal Extubation on Respiratory Complications and Airway Pressure in the Waking Period of General Anesthesia in Pediatric Stomatology

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of right supine endotracheal intubation on respiratory complications and airway pressure of general anesthesia, and to provide guidance for clinical application. Methods: Seventy-two children who received oral treatment under general anesthesia from November 2020 to November 2021 in Yantai Stomatological Hospital were randomly divided into three groups, 24 cases in each group. All three groups of children entered the PACU after the surgery. The children in Group I were extubated in the supine position, the children in Group II were immediately changed to the right decubitus after extubation in the horizontal position, and the children in Group III were extubated in the right decubitus. HR, MAP and SpO2 of T1 (the time point at the beginning of surgery), T2 (the time point at 1 hour after surgery), T3 (the time point after extubation), T4 (the time point at 1 minute after extubation), T5 (the time point at 3 minutes after extubation) in the three groups were observed, t1 (operation time) and t2 (the time of leaving the PACU) were recorded. The airway pressure (P1) in the recumbent position and the airway pressure (P2) in the right decubitus position before extubation were recorded in Group III. The number of sputum suction and complications after extubation were counted. Results: The t2 in Group III was shorter than that in Groups I and II, and the number of sputum suction in Group III was less than that in Groups I and II (P < 0.05). The HR at T3, T4 and T5 in Group III was lower than that in Group I, and the HR at T4 and T5 was lower than that in Group II (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the incidence of respiratory complications among the three groups (P < 0.05). The incidence of asphyxia, bucking and glossocoma postoperative agitation in Group III was significantly lower than that in Group I, and the incidence of asphyxia and choking was lower than that in Group II (P < 0.05). The incidence of glossoptosis in Group II was significantly lower than that in Group I (P < 0.05). In Group III, the airway pressure P2 in the right decubitus position during endotracheal intubation was higher than that of P1 in the supine position during endotracheal intubation (P < 0.05). The 95% Confidence Interval (CI) of airway pressure difference was 1.416 - 1.834 cmH2O. Conclusion: For children undergoing intraoral therapy under general anesthesia, tracheal extubation in the right decubitus position can improve the circulation fluctuation before and after extubation, reducing the number of sputum suction and respiratory tract-related complications, and can shorten the departure time. The body position change during the tracheal intubation will slightly increase the airway pressure, but the supine position after extubation can better ensure the smooth spontaneous breathing of children, which can provide the reference for clinical application.