Peasant Household Oriented Land Circulation from the Perspective of State Governance

Based on the state governance background of peasant household oriented land circulation,I analyzed characteristics of peasant household oriented land circulation.The characteristics mainly include uncertain definition of rural land circulation,significant off-media feature of land circulation,long-term land circulation contract,farmers' preference of peasant household oriented land circulation,and progressive path of land circulation.The essential feature is the progressive mode of land circulation.Under the existing property right,it realizes the perfect combination of modern production factors and traditional agricultural,and the combination of traditional family safeguarding function and modern social mutual growth spirit.Thus,it shows relative independence and manifests the idea of common prosperity.The opportunity cost of peasant household oriented land circulation is minimal,institutional cost will increase circulation risk,and what's more,the cost for state governance of peasant household oriented land circulation is minimal.It comes to conclusion that building proper and harmonious land circulation mechanism is responsibility of central government and favorable for healthy development of peasant household oriented land circulation.

CHINA CREATING “1+N” CENTRIC MODEL OF STATE GOVERNANCE

Through 40 years of reform and open-up,China’s system is no longer a monocentric one of centralized control and at the same time neither is it a polycentric one,but rather it is a"1+N"centric model of governance.It is a model that combines polycentric with monocentric with several centers,all of which however are centering on a mono-center.

On the Relationship Between Human Rights Protection and the Modernization of State Governance

The protection of human rights inherently related to modern state-governance. On the one hand, human rights protection is the foundation and criteria for modern state-governance, characterized by democracy, rule of law and civility, with human rights as a cross-cutting theme in all these elements. On the other hand, human rights protection provides conditions and motives for modernizing state governance. Human rights are pursued as a fundamental value in modern state-governance. Human rights protection is also a driving force for good governance and a touchstone for the modernity of governance.

Preservation of Human Rights as the Basis and Objective of a Modern State Governance System

A good state governance system, which features democracy, scientific decision-making, efficiency, civility and rule of law, is indispensable for realizing the Chinese Dream. As both the foundation and the objective of a good governance system, human rights protection should be integrated in all the processes of building a modern governance system. Adherence to public law in administration should be guaranteed in this connection.

Human Rights Protection in the Modernization of China's State Governance

In China, the development of human rights is an inherent part of good governance, as reflected in the following: Firstly, people are able to participate in social and public administration through exercising their 'democratic rights' under the constitution. Secondly, citizens' fundamental human rights and other civil rights are protected by law. Thirdly, people's rights to know and to express are expanding. Fourthly, the Chinese government is responsive to people's demands, ready to accept their supervision, and is doing its best to improve their living standard. To modernize governance, China must adhere to human rights principles by guaranteeing people's rights to participation, to information and to supervision, and by protecting the fundamental rights of the disadvantaged.

The Modernization of State Governance Will Promote Protection of Civil and Political Rights

The modernization of state governance and innovation in governing measures will strengthen the protection of human rights in China, including civil and political rights. Firstly, legal control over public power will reduce arbitrary restrictions on civil rights. Secondly, public participation in policy-making will provide more opportunities for citizens to exercise their political rights. Thirdly, governing by law will better guarantee equal protection of law for all people. Fourthly, an effective accountability mechanism will reinforce people's right of supervision. Lastly, innovation in governing measures will help identify and satisfy citizens' demands.

Digital Transformation and the Frontier of China's State Governance

Digital transformation has emerged as a significant area of interest for scholars in global political science and public administration.The advancement of digital technologies is driving a comprehensive transformation across the economy,society,and governance,thereby profoundly affecting the state governance of China.The introduction of new technologies has altered traditional power dynamics,leading to centralization and empowerment-the power redistribution issue of the digital era,which is a fundamental concern in China's state governance.The effects of technological power,including empowerment and disempowerment of various entities,give rise to or reinforce four secondary issues:the problem of data silos and collaborative governance in internal government operations,the challenges related to technological deficits and platform regulation in market regulation,the issues of the digital divide and social justice in social governance,and concerns about privacy,transparency,and rights asymmetry.This paper integrates specific cases from China's digital transformation and digital government initiatives to examine these cuttingedge issues and to analyze the impact of digital government reforms implemented by local Chinese governments on traditional government theories.

Adjustment and Reorganization of the Diversified Dispute Resolution from the Perspective of State Governance

The diversified dispute resolution(DDR)in China is different from the alternative dispute resolution(ADR)in Western countries with respect to its fundamental cause and political,economic,social,and cultural backgrounds.To better understand the DDR,the academic community shall go beyond the superficial feature of"distributing the burden of litigation"of the ADR in Western countries and consider it as the basic institutional arrangement and regular governance practice of state governance.Furthermore,we can adjust and reorganize the DDR based on such understanding.Specificaly,after understanding the general features of dispute resolution forms,we should mobilize,aggregate,integrate,and use the dispute resolution resources in a society to improve and expand non-litigation dispute resolution forms and increase the overall supply of dispute resolution resources.Understanding the real features of disputes in China and its specific demands for dispute resolution.guide or regulate the choice of dispute resolution foms for the parties to a dispute through reasonable system design,so that the dispute resolution demands and dispute resolution forms can be matched.In particular,the Communist Party of China(CPC)and Chinese governments should play the leading and organizing role in the DDR,to comprehensively improve the effectiveness of the"Pluralistic-Unity-Style"dispute resolution.

Global Governance in Cyberspace: Process,Conflict and China’s Proposals

In recent years,problems such as cyber warfares,cyber espionages and cyber crimes have become global public nuisances and always challenge the authority of the sovereign states. Therefore,the governance of the derivative problems concerning the global cyberspace has become an issue of importance in the international law. To overcome these challenges,sovereign states begin to get involved in cyberspace and seek international cooperation,so as to promote the evolution of the international rule of law in cyberspace. Currently,the cyberspace is filled with contradictions and conflicts. The cyber hegemonic states monopolize basic resources for cyberspaces,and their liberalism of double standards is the best tool to maintain their centralized and dominant situations. Moreover,the differences on governance problems between different camps leads to the significant institutional supply shortage. Accordingly,as a responsible power,China should advocate the Chinese solution and wisdom so as to create the reform of global cyberspace governance system. Possible specific measures include clarifying the governance structure of sovereign state-orientation,adhering to the model of shared governance with multilateral approach and multi-party participation.

Evolution and impacts of the United States’Arctic strategy and China’s responses

On 7 October,2022,the Biden administration released an updated version of the National Strategy for the Arctic Region based on new developments in the Arctic region and global affairs.This strategy emphasizes traditional security issues in the Arctic,attaches great importance to climate governance in the region,and advocates for restoring American leadership through international cooperation.In view of the strong influence of the United States(U.S.)in the Arctic region,the changes of the U.S.Arctic strategy will inevitably have an impact on China’s scientific researchrights,economic interests,and governance rights in the Arctic region.To respond to the new situation brought about by the changes in the U.S.Arctic strategy,China should take the initiative to maintain positive relationships with all Arctic countries,and continue its active participation in Arctic affairs.

Who Should Be the Subject of Global Governance?

The neo-liberal view of global governance holds that sovereign state-dominated global governance will undermine the fairness of the international community,and the social legitimacy of nationalism is insufficient.However,some scholars pointed out that in the global governance mechanism advocated by neo-liberalism and cosmopolitanism,the state role is absent and the subjects and fields of governance are highly overlapping and inefficient,resulting in the dilemma that global governance is more fair than efficient.This article holds that the implementation of effective global governance can draw lessons from the experience of China’s socialist market economy and form a state-coordinated diversified governance program.Through the coordination of the state and considering both the fairness and efficiency in the process of global governance,the effective combination of the two can be achieved on the subject of global governance.

Good Governance and Growth in Emerging Countries：A Critical Review

Numbers of economists of development consider that good governance, defined as the quality management and orientation of development policies has a positive influence on economic performance. The question is what content the literature gives to the concept of governance. According to the World Bank, good governance is evaluated by the implementation capacity of governance principles of a country, providing a framework for market development and economic growth. Empirical studies tested the relationship between good governance in the sense of “market-enhancing governance” （stimulus institutions market） and showed a positive relationship between good governance and economic growth. However, a good governance policy needs for developing countries to achieve minimum economic growth and political reforms in order to reach a level of development similar to that of industrialized countries. We focus on good governance definition made by the World Bank and criticism formulated by Mushtaq Khan, who reconstructed the notion of Governance Capabilities, taking into account the capacity of states to drive structural change in institutional, political, economic, and social fields, in order to ensure long-term economic growth. Our goal is to use a new concept of governance in order to build a new political economy approach more suitable for emerging countries.

On the Translation of the Government Work Report —Comparing with the State of the Union Address

China's splendid achievements and fast development attract the attention of the whole world. The rising of the great power shock the rest countries. More and more people want to know what is happening in this country and what effect it will bring to the world. At the same time, Chinese people have gradually realized the importance of exchanging information with other countries. Under this motivation, the translation of Chinese materials into English becomes necessary and essential. It is an effective way to present China comprehensively. Among all these materials, Government Work Report is one of the most remarkable ones. The translation of it plays a key role to present the image of China to the world. But, compared with State of the Union address, the translation of Government Work Report contains some problems from the perspective of foreignization and domestication theory. This essay will discuss the differences between these two texts at the lexical, syntactic, and discourse level from the angle of foreignization and domestication theory, and give some suggestions to the translation of Government Work Report.

Dissemination of Information Communication Technologies: Mobile Government Practices in Developing States

Information Communication Technologies (ICT) has offered m-government applications as an intermediate technology to provide effective and efficient government services to the public. Due to high rate of corruptions in developing states, government policies diversified governmental services from offline to virtualized perspective to expose accessibility, transparency, accountability and accessibility through mobile government. Deployment of such ICT tool also exposed a unique opportunity for the recovery of the public confidence against government which has damaged due to corruption activities in country. Virtualization of the government services became compulsory due to high rate of corruption that occurred in the economic context and it became a serious obstacle for economic development of developing states. The virtualized services aimed to harmonize governmental services into mobile platform in order to become more transparent to the public. This research paper comparatively investigates the mobile government services that are located in Malta and Singapore which are classified as developing countries. The criteria of the comparison have done based on demographic structure of the country, M-government policies and ICT infrastructure of the country. The findings of this study exposed the impact of e-government practices and differences between them in terms of applicability and provide a specific point of view for m-government adoption policy.

全过程人民民主:中国式现代化的显著标志与本质要求

民主是衡量现代化水平的重要指标,现代化是推进民主发展的必要保障。全过程人民民主作为中国民主发展的时代升华,以最广泛、最真实、最管用为其特色和优势。它基于中国国情和历史文化,吸收借鉴世界民主发展的有益经验,开创了人类政治文明新形态。全过程人民民主是中国式现代化的重要构成部分,充分契合中国式现代化的中国特色,并在促进中国式现代化良政善治和弘扬全人类民主共同价值的过程中,展现出了民主的治理效能,成为中国式现代化超越西方现代化的显著标志。发展全过程人民民主是中国式现代化的本质要求。这就需要以人民逻辑统领全过程人民民主的发展,以人民代表大会和人民政协为组织载体推进全过程人民民主的实践运行。同时,中国式现代化进程中的全过程人民民主,在民主话语建构、民主形象塑造以及推动政治文明交流互鉴等方面,将为后发型现代化国家进行现代化建设和推进民主发展提供全新选择。

内部控制、国家审计与国企避税

选取2007-2017年上市中央企业集团为研究对象,实证检验内部控制对国企避税的影响作用以及国家审计监督对两者关系的调节效应。研究结果表明,内部控制具有抑制国企避税的治理功能,国家审计监督会显著增强内部控制对国企避税的抑制作用,说明内部控制和国家审计是深入理解国有企业税负水平及其变化的重要因素。进一步研究发现,内部控制对避税的治理效应在地区税收征管强度小、社会审计质量低和避税激进的国企中更为显著;通过分解内部控制五要素后研究发现,内部控制对避税的抑制效应集中体现在控制活动和信息与沟通两大要素上。机制分析结果表明,内部控制可以通过缓解企业融资约束来达到抑制企业避税的治理目的。

数字化转型能提升国有企业资本配置效率吗?

进入数字经济时代,数字化转型已成为国有企业高质量发展的必经之路。在此背景下,探究数字化转型与资本配置效率之间的内在逻辑关系,对增强国有企业活力和提升国有企业资本效率具有重要理论和实践意义。以2009-2021年沪深A股上市的非金融国有企业为样本,从外部成本以及内部治理两个层面实证检验数字化转型对国有企业资本配置效率的影响效果及作用机制。结论说明:1)数字化转型能够显著改善国有企业资本要素错配,提升国企资本配置效率。2)机制分析表明,数字化转型能通过缓解信息不对称、降低代理成本以及改善融资约束,优化国有企业资本要素配置。3)从市场、政府以及国有企业自身层面来看,首先数字化转型在一定程度上能替代外部不完备的资本市场。在资本市场发育程度较低环境中,数字化转型更能改善国有企业资本要素错配。其次较高的财政补贴隐含过多的政策性负担,弱化数字化转型对国有企业资本效率提升效果。最后在较高水平内部控制环境中,数字化赋能显著提升国企资本配置效率。研究有助于深化数字化转型赋能国有企业资本配置效率的效果和机制,为探究我国国有企业高质量发展提供学理依据及决策参考。

乡村振兴中国家与农民关系的社会化调适

乡村振兴战略实施中的政策实践,指向了社会学持续关注的国家与农民关系问题。公共资源下乡中国家与农民之间的互动不仅在器物和组织两个层面展开,还集中体现在价值层面。在乡村振兴的积极案例中,国家与农民关系的新形态表现为器物层面上国家资源与社会需求的有效对接,组织层面上社会动员能力的提升,价值层面上农民国家认同感的强化。国家输入的公共资源只有以高度社会化的方式与农民互动时,农民才可能按照特定的行动逻辑将“国家”内化于心,国家权力才算实现了社会合法性的确认和再生产。为了实现国家与农民关系的社会化调适,社会治理公共性的建设不应停留于权力运作的策略层面。国家应充分发掘、激活蕴藏于乡村社会中的本土资源,将自上而下输入的公共资源转化为推动乡村社会开展自主建设的内生要素。如此,公共资源的下乡才能在推动乡村振兴的过程中,促成国家濡化能力在基层的再造,实现现代国家在社会中的扎根和成长。

教育治理现代化的逻辑转换

教育治理现代化的顺利推进,离不开对教育治理的有效建构。当代中国教育治理的建构,主要得益于改革开放以来我国持续进行的政府职能改革与社会领域建设。基于这两个方面,形成了“国家”和“社会”两种分析进路,前者认为教育治理主要依赖国家建构,并且要凸显国家主体地位;后者主张教育治理是由多元主体参与的共同治理。它们都尝试建构了不同的概念框架及其行动路径,但对“教育”本身均未给予应有的关注。在新时代背景下,首要的是突出“教育”的立场,并把“教育”作为“治理”的共同利益、行动标准和联结方式。