The complex interactions in desert ecosystems between functional types and environmental conditions could be reflected by plant water use patterns. However, the mechanisms underlying the water use patterns as well as ...The complex interactions in desert ecosystems between functional types and environmental conditions could be reflected by plant water use patterns. However, the mechanisms underlying the water use patterns as well as the water sources of Tamarix laxa in the mega-dunes of the Badain Jaran Desert, China, remain unclear. This study investigated the water sources and water use patterns of T. laxa using the stable oxygen isotope method. The δ18O values of xylem water, soil water in different layers(0–200 cm), rainwater, snow water, lake water, atmospheric water vapor, condensate water, and groundwater were measured. The sources of water used by T. laxa were determined using the IsoSource model. The results indicate that T. laxa mainly relies on soil water. At the beginning of the growing season(in May), the species is primarily dependent on water from the middle soil layer(60–120 cm) and deep soil layer(120–200 cm). However, it mainly absorbs water from the shallow soil layer(0–60 cm) as the rainy season commences. In September, water use of T. laxa reverts to the deep soil layer(120–200 cm). The water use patterns of T. laxa are closely linked with heavy precipitation events and soil water content. These findings reveal the drought resistance mechanisms of T. laxa and are of significance for screening species for ecological restoration.展开更多
Introduction:Granuloma annulare(GA)is a benign,noninfectious granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology,characterized by an annular arrangement of erythematous small nodules and plaques,classically localized on dorsal...Introduction:Granuloma annulare(GA)is a benign,noninfectious granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology,characterized by an annular arrangement of erythematous small nodules and plaques,classically localized on dorsal surfaces of the hands and feet.GA shows palisading granulomas with a central zone of necrobiotic collagen and mucin deposition surrounded by a palisade of histiocytes.Here,we reported a 24-year-old man with GA combined with tuberculosis and cutis laxa.Case presentation:A 24-year-old man was presented with skin annular lesions on the trunk and extremities without subjective symptoms for three years.The annular lesions first arose in the trunk that slowly progressed to most parts of the body and cutis laxa-like lesions appeared on the left inguinal region with inguinal hernia two years ago.At the same time,the patient was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis due to the hemoptysis for two years and the sputum culture for tuberculosis bacillus was positive.He was treated with triple anti-tuberculosis drugs regularly.Partial remission of the skin lesions was noted since then.Pathological examination showed similar histological changes in the interstitial pattern of GA.Discussion:Tuberculosis was a possible etiologic factor in GA because of the coincidental occurrence,granulomatous histologic features,and positive tuberculin skin tests.In fact,some cases of GA with chronic pulmonary tuberculosis responding to a specific anti-tuberculosis therapy were reported.It is worth noting that tuberculids,generalized exanthems in the skin of tuberculous patients possibly resulting from hypersensitivity reactions to the tubercle bacillus,may mimic GA.Furthermore,our patient also showed extremely characteristic slack skin in posterior lumbar and groin,which was deemed to be related to reduction and destruction of elastic fibers.Conclusion:Generalized interstitial GA with tuberculosis and cutis laxa is vary rare,which is worth being aware of the possibility of such a occurrence.展开更多
Cutis laxa(CL)is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by phenotypic appearance of loose and redundant skin.CL can be congenital or acquired.Congenital forms include autosomal dominant,autosomal recessive an...Cutis laxa(CL)is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by phenotypic appearance of loose and redundant skin.CL can be congenital or acquired.Congenital forms include autosomal dominant,autosomal recessive and X-linked recessive.Apart from cutaneous abnormalities,CL can present with visceral involvement.In this article,we report a case of CL presenting as recurrent ileus.展开更多
Production of peaches(Prunus persica(L.)Batsch)for both local market and export is increasing each year in Egypt.Brown rot disease,caused by Monilinia laxa and Monilinia fructigena,is considered one of the most import...Production of peaches(Prunus persica(L.)Batsch)for both local market and export is increasing each year in Egypt.Brown rot disease,caused by Monilinia laxa and Monilinia fructigena,is considered one of the most important postharvest rots affecting peaches in Egypt and economic losses are increasing.Antifungal activity of glycyrrhizic acid nanoparticles(GA-NPs)and glycyrrhizic acid(GA)at 0.2 and 0.4 mmol/L was investigated as a control for both these brown rot pathogens on peach fruits in both in vitro and in vivo studies.In the in vitro studies,GA-NPs were the most effective as shown by the ability to decrease linear growth of both brown rot pathogens in potato dextrose agar(PDA)amended with 0.4 mmol/L GA-NPs.Micrographs of M.fructigena exposed to 0.4 mmol/LGA showed mycelial deformations,nodule formation,detachment of the cell wall,shrinkage and inhomogeneous cytoplasmic materials with large vacuoles.Mycelium of M.laxa exposed to 0.4 mmol/LGA-NPs resulted in thinner and distorted hyphae,nodule formation,cell wall thinning,and swellings.The GANPs and GA treatments improved fruit quality by maintaining firmness and total soluble solids(TSS).GA-NPs were more effective in decreasing decay incidence than their bulk material.The 0.4 mmol/L GA-NPs completely inhibited the disease on naturally infected peach fruits for both seasons of 2018 and 2019.Furthermore,0.4 mmol/L GA-NPs reduced the disease incidence in inoculated fruits by 95(M.laxa)and 88%(M.fructigena)in 2018 season and 96(M.laxa)and 85%(M.fructigena)in 2019 season.In conclusion,GA-NPs could enhance the resistance of peaches against brown rot caused by M.laxa and M.fructigena.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41530745, 41371114, 41361004)the State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating,Gansu Desert Control Research Institute for providing support for sample testing
文摘The complex interactions in desert ecosystems between functional types and environmental conditions could be reflected by plant water use patterns. However, the mechanisms underlying the water use patterns as well as the water sources of Tamarix laxa in the mega-dunes of the Badain Jaran Desert, China, remain unclear. This study investigated the water sources and water use patterns of T. laxa using the stable oxygen isotope method. The δ18O values of xylem water, soil water in different layers(0–200 cm), rainwater, snow water, lake water, atmospheric water vapor, condensate water, and groundwater were measured. The sources of water used by T. laxa were determined using the IsoSource model. The results indicate that T. laxa mainly relies on soil water. At the beginning of the growing season(in May), the species is primarily dependent on water from the middle soil layer(60–120 cm) and deep soil layer(120–200 cm). However, it mainly absorbs water from the shallow soil layer(0–60 cm) as the rainy season commences. In September, water use of T. laxa reverts to the deep soil layer(120–200 cm). The water use patterns of T. laxa are closely linked with heavy precipitation events and soil water content. These findings reveal the drought resistance mechanisms of T. laxa and are of significance for screening species for ecological restoration.
文摘Introduction:Granuloma annulare(GA)is a benign,noninfectious granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology,characterized by an annular arrangement of erythematous small nodules and plaques,classically localized on dorsal surfaces of the hands and feet.GA shows palisading granulomas with a central zone of necrobiotic collagen and mucin deposition surrounded by a palisade of histiocytes.Here,we reported a 24-year-old man with GA combined with tuberculosis and cutis laxa.Case presentation:A 24-year-old man was presented with skin annular lesions on the trunk and extremities without subjective symptoms for three years.The annular lesions first arose in the trunk that slowly progressed to most parts of the body and cutis laxa-like lesions appeared on the left inguinal region with inguinal hernia two years ago.At the same time,the patient was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis due to the hemoptysis for two years and the sputum culture for tuberculosis bacillus was positive.He was treated with triple anti-tuberculosis drugs regularly.Partial remission of the skin lesions was noted since then.Pathological examination showed similar histological changes in the interstitial pattern of GA.Discussion:Tuberculosis was a possible etiologic factor in GA because of the coincidental occurrence,granulomatous histologic features,and positive tuberculin skin tests.In fact,some cases of GA with chronic pulmonary tuberculosis responding to a specific anti-tuberculosis therapy were reported.It is worth noting that tuberculids,generalized exanthems in the skin of tuberculous patients possibly resulting from hypersensitivity reactions to the tubercle bacillus,may mimic GA.Furthermore,our patient also showed extremely characteristic slack skin in posterior lumbar and groin,which was deemed to be related to reduction and destruction of elastic fibers.Conclusion:Generalized interstitial GA with tuberculosis and cutis laxa is vary rare,which is worth being aware of the possibility of such a occurrence.
文摘Cutis laxa(CL)is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by phenotypic appearance of loose and redundant skin.CL can be congenital or acquired.Congenital forms include autosomal dominant,autosomal recessive and X-linked recessive.Apart from cutaneous abnormalities,CL can present with visceral involvement.In this article,we report a case of CL presenting as recurrent ileus.
文摘Production of peaches(Prunus persica(L.)Batsch)for both local market and export is increasing each year in Egypt.Brown rot disease,caused by Monilinia laxa and Monilinia fructigena,is considered one of the most important postharvest rots affecting peaches in Egypt and economic losses are increasing.Antifungal activity of glycyrrhizic acid nanoparticles(GA-NPs)and glycyrrhizic acid(GA)at 0.2 and 0.4 mmol/L was investigated as a control for both these brown rot pathogens on peach fruits in both in vitro and in vivo studies.In the in vitro studies,GA-NPs were the most effective as shown by the ability to decrease linear growth of both brown rot pathogens in potato dextrose agar(PDA)amended with 0.4 mmol/L GA-NPs.Micrographs of M.fructigena exposed to 0.4 mmol/LGA showed mycelial deformations,nodule formation,detachment of the cell wall,shrinkage and inhomogeneous cytoplasmic materials with large vacuoles.Mycelium of M.laxa exposed to 0.4 mmol/LGA-NPs resulted in thinner and distorted hyphae,nodule formation,cell wall thinning,and swellings.The GANPs and GA treatments improved fruit quality by maintaining firmness and total soluble solids(TSS).GA-NPs were more effective in decreasing decay incidence than their bulk material.The 0.4 mmol/L GA-NPs completely inhibited the disease on naturally infected peach fruits for both seasons of 2018 and 2019.Furthermore,0.4 mmol/L GA-NPs reduced the disease incidence in inoculated fruits by 95(M.laxa)and 88%(M.fructigena)in 2018 season and 96(M.laxa)and 85%(M.fructigena)in 2019 season.In conclusion,GA-NPs could enhance the resistance of peaches against brown rot caused by M.laxa and M.fructigena.
