To solve the problem that most of existing layered multicast protocols cannot adapt todynamic network conditions because their layers are coarsely granulated and static,a new congestioncontrol mechanism for dynamic ad...To solve the problem that most of existing layered multicast protocols cannot adapt todynamic network conditions because their layers are coarsely granulated and static,a new congestioncontrol mechanism for dynamic adaptive layered multicast(DALM) is presented.In this mechanism,anovel feedback aggregating algorithm is put forward,which can dynamically determine the number oflayers and the rate of each layer,and can efficiently improve network bandwidth utilization ratio.Additionally,because all layers is transmitted in only one group,the intricate and time-consuminginternet group management protocol(IGMP) operations,caused by receiver joining a new layer orleaving the topmost subscribed layer,are thoroughly eliminated.And this mechanism also avoids otherproblems resulted from multiple groups.Simulation results show that DALM is adaptive and TCPfriendly.展开更多
This article studies the problem of constructing optimal layered multicast with network coding for heterogeneous networks. Based on the flexibility of layered source coding, a global-favorable optimization scheme is p...This article studies the problem of constructing optimal layered multicast with network coding for heterogeneous networks. Based on the flexibility of layered source coding, a global-favorable optimization scheme is proposed, which maximizes the aggregate throughput of heterogeneous sink nodes for layered multicast with network coding by determining the optimal bit rates of the layers. To solve this global-favorable optimization scheme, especially in the large-scale heterogeneous networks, a new problem-specific genetic algorithm (GA) is further proposed. It not only searches efficiently for the optimal allocation of layer bit rates, but also guarantees the validity of candidate solutions that this new GA-based optimization scheme could obtain layered multicast with network coding, even in the large-scale in the whole evolutionary process. Simulation results demonstrate efficiently the optimal or satisfactorily near-optimal bit rates for heterogeneous networks.展开更多
To enhance multicast throughput in heterogeneous environment, a new layered multicast congestion control scheme is proposed. With the goal of maximizing global satisfaction of the whole group, allocating sending rate ...To enhance multicast throughput in heterogeneous environment, a new layered multicast congestion control scheme is proposed. With the goal of maximizing global satisfaction of the whole group, allocating sending rate in each layer is formulated to an optimization problem. Since the problem is noncovexity, the sender uses particle swarm optimization to search a set of optimal layers rates. The new scheme also eliminates 'lowest-first' phenomenon by proposing a feedbacks suppression algorithm named equal-probability sampling (EPS). Upon EPS all the receivers send feedbacks at equal probability without bias. Simulation results prove that the new scheme can enhance global satisfaction and multicast throughput efficiently, compared with the traditional layered multicast congestion control scheme based on representatives.展开更多
It is widely believed that cooperative relay technologies can improve the throughput of multicasting in mobile cellular networks significantly, however, the mobility of the relay terrninals may cause frequent relay li...It is widely believed that cooperative relay technologies can improve the throughput of multicasting in mobile cellular networks significantly, however, the mobility of the relay terrninals may cause frequent relay link outage. This paper proposes a stream layered cooperative relay scheme to deal with this problem. In order to study the characteristics of layered relay channels in the scheme, the capacity region is determined based on a single and a multi relay abstract model with streams layering. Besides, to satisfy the cellular network scenario, the results are extended to a wireless Gaussian channel model. The analysis and simulation results show that the scheme guarantees the continuity of the multicast streams, and maintains the high bandwidth of relay channel, with a slight loss on system capacity.展开更多
As an alternative of Internet protocol(IP)multicast,application layer multicast(ALM)is widely used with the advantage of simplicity and flexibility.However,the existing problems of large transmission delay and poor st...As an alternative of Internet protocol(IP)multicast,application layer multicast(ALM)is widely used with the advantage of simplicity and flexibility.However,the existing problems of large transmission delay and poor stability limit the application and development.In this article,to solve these problems,an ALM model based on node potential(NP)and topological index(TI)is proposed.The proposed model considers the factors of node capability and node distance in constructing and maintaining multicast tree to reduce transmission delay and increase stability,and thus it improves the application level in real-time multimedia multicast.The computer simulations prove that the proposed model reduces the ALM transmission delay,increases multicast tree stability effectively,and improves the ALM performance,and therefore it is suitable to apply in large-scale real-time multimedia environment.展开更多
To maximize the throughput of frequency-selective multicast channel, the minimum-phase Finite Impulse Response (FIR) precoder design is investigated in this paper. This problem can be solved in two steps. Firstly, we ...To maximize the throughput of frequency-selective multicast channel, the minimum-phase Finite Impulse Response (FIR) precoder design is investigated in this paper. This problem can be solved in two steps. Firstly, we focus on designing a nonminimum-phase FIR precoder under the criterion of maximizing the throughput, and develop two efficient algorithms for the FIR precoder design from perspectives of frequency domain and time domain. In the second step, based on the theory of spectral factorization, the nonminimum-phase FIR precoder is transformed into the corresponding minimum-phase FIR precoder by a classic iterative algorithm without affecting the throughput. Numerical results indicate that the achievable rate of the proposed design has remarkable improvement over that of existing schemes, moreover, the group delay introduced by the FIR precoder is minimized.展开更多
Distributing real-time video stream in large scale group communication over Interuet poses several challenging problems due to the complex network dynamics, stringent requirement of delay and loss. This paper proposes...Distributing real-time video stream in large scale group communication over Interuet poses several challenging problems due to the complex network dynamics, stringent requirement of delay and loss. This paper proposes a novel peer-to-peer scheme, named TeamCast, to combat with these issues. Constructing multiple diverse application layer multicast (ALM) trees to transmit multiple independent complementary descriptions produced by multiple description coding (MDC) simultaneously, TeamCast improves error resilient ability in the presence of various levels of packet loss caused by unpredictable congestion of Internet and node failure, as well as enlarges system capacity. The results of extensive simulations indicate that TeamCast achieves low latency, scalability, and fault tolerance for the delivery of live media stream.展开更多
Application layer multicast (ALM) has been widely applied in Internet, as a substitute for IP multicast. However, it causes network load to increase because it adopts unlcast in data transmission, which limits the a...Application layer multicast (ALM) has been widely applied in Internet, as a substitute for IP multicast. However, it causes network load to increase because it adopts unlcast in data transmission, which limits the application. In this article, in order to improve the ALM performance in P2P-SIP network, an ALM model was proposed which reduced network load via merging messages in concast mode. Finally network simulations prove that this model has better benefit on single node load and average network load. Therefore, it is suitable for streaming media service in P2P-SIP Network.展开更多
Application layer multicast routing is a multiobjective optimization problem.Three routing constraints,tree’s cost,tree’s balance and network layer load distribution are analyzed in this paper.The three fitness func...Application layer multicast routing is a multiobjective optimization problem.Three routing constraints,tree’s cost,tree’s balance and network layer load distribution are analyzed in this paper.The three fitness functions are used to evaluate a multicast tree on the three indexes respectively and one general fitness function is generated.A novel approach based on genetic algorithms is proposed.Numerical simulations show that,compared with geometrical routing rules,the proposed algorithm improve all three indexes,especially on cost and network layer load distribution indexes.展开更多
The number of clients that receive high-quality streaming video from a source is greatly limited by the application requirements, such as the high bandwidth and reliability. In this work, a method was de-veloped to co...The number of clients that receive high-quality streaming video from a source is greatly limited by the application requirements, such as the high bandwidth and reliability. In this work, a method was de-veloped to construct a color overlay, which enables clients to receive data across multiple paths, based on the forward error correction technique. The color overlay enlarges system capacity by reducing the bottle-necks and extending the bandwidth, improves reliability against node failure, and is more resilient to fluctua-tions of network metrics. A light-weight protocol for building the overlay is also presented. Extensive simula-tions were conducted and the results clearly support the claimed advantages.展开更多
基金Supported by the Youth Science and Technology Foundation of UESTC(No.YF020803)and National Defense Prestudy Foundation(No.51406070201DZ0211).
文摘To solve the problem that most of existing layered multicast protocols cannot adapt todynamic network conditions because their layers are coarsely granulated and static,a new congestioncontrol mechanism for dynamic adaptive layered multicast(DALM) is presented.In this mechanism,anovel feedback aggregating algorithm is put forward,which can dynamically determine the number oflayers and the rate of each layer,and can efficiently improve network bandwidth utilization ratio.Additionally,because all layers is transmitted in only one group,the intricate and time-consuminginternet group management protocol(IGMP) operations,caused by receiver joining a new layer orleaving the topmost subscribed layer,are thoroughly eliminated.And this mechanism also avoids otherproblems resulted from multiple groups.Simulation results show that DALM is adaptive and TCPfriendly.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(60832001)the Science and Technology Supporting Project of Hebei Province of China(072135169)the Postgraduate Innovation Fund of BUPT
文摘This article studies the problem of constructing optimal layered multicast with network coding for heterogeneous networks. Based on the flexibility of layered source coding, a global-favorable optimization scheme is proposed, which maximizes the aggregate throughput of heterogeneous sink nodes for layered multicast with network coding by determining the optimal bit rates of the layers. To solve this global-favorable optimization scheme, especially in the large-scale heterogeneous networks, a new problem-specific genetic algorithm (GA) is further proposed. It not only searches efficiently for the optimal allocation of layer bit rates, but also guarantees the validity of candidate solutions that this new GA-based optimization scheme could obtain layered multicast with network coding, even in the large-scale in the whole evolutionary process. Simulation results demonstrate efficiently the optimal or satisfactorily near-optimal bit rates for heterogeneous networks.
基金Supported by Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (SJ08F14,2009JQ8008)Doctoral Foundation of Telecommunication Engineering Institute,Air Force Engineering University
文摘To enhance multicast throughput in heterogeneous environment, a new layered multicast congestion control scheme is proposed. With the goal of maximizing global satisfaction of the whole group, allocating sending rate in each layer is formulated to an optimization problem. Since the problem is noncovexity, the sender uses particle swarm optimization to search a set of optimal layers rates. The new scheme also eliminates 'lowest-first' phenomenon by proposing a feedbacks suppression algorithm named equal-probability sampling (EPS). Upon EPS all the receivers send feedbacks at equal probability without bias. Simulation results prove that the new scheme can enhance global satisfaction and multicast throughput efficiently, compared with the traditional layered multicast congestion control scheme based on representatives.
基金Supported by the State Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60832009), Natural Science Foundation of Bcijing (No. 4102044), Innovative Project for Young Researchers in Central Higher Education Institutions, China (No. 2009RC0119) and New Generation of Broadband Wireless Mobile Communication Networks of Major Projects of National Science and Technology (No.2009ZX03003-003-01).
文摘It is widely believed that cooperative relay technologies can improve the throughput of multicasting in mobile cellular networks significantly, however, the mobility of the relay terrninals may cause frequent relay link outage. This paper proposes a stream layered cooperative relay scheme to deal with this problem. In order to study the characteristics of layered relay channels in the scheme, the capacity region is determined based on a single and a multi relay abstract model with streams layering. Besides, to satisfy the cellular network scenario, the results are extended to a wireless Gaussian channel model. The analysis and simulation results show that the scheme guarantees the continuity of the multicast streams, and maintains the high bandwidth of relay channel, with a slight loss on system capacity.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.71171045 and 61801107)。
文摘As an alternative of Internet protocol(IP)multicast,application layer multicast(ALM)is widely used with the advantage of simplicity and flexibility.However,the existing problems of large transmission delay and poor stability limit the application and development.In this article,to solve these problems,an ALM model based on node potential(NP)and topological index(TI)is proposed.The proposed model considers the factors of node capability and node distance in constructing and maintaining multicast tree to reduce transmission delay and increase stability,and thus it improves the application level in real-time multimedia multicast.The computer simulations prove that the proposed model reduces the ALM transmission delay,increases multicast tree stability effectively,and improves the ALM performance,and therefore it is suitable to apply in large-scale real-time multimedia environment.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61271272)the National Science and Technology Special Projects of China (No. 2012ZX03001007002)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (No. 2012AA01A502)
文摘To maximize the throughput of frequency-selective multicast channel, the minimum-phase Finite Impulse Response (FIR) precoder design is investigated in this paper. This problem can be solved in two steps. Firstly, we focus on designing a nonminimum-phase FIR precoder under the criterion of maximizing the throughput, and develop two efficient algorithms for the FIR precoder design from perspectives of frequency domain and time domain. In the second step, based on the theory of spectral factorization, the nonminimum-phase FIR precoder is transformed into the corresponding minimum-phase FIR precoder by a classic iterative algorithm without affecting the throughput. Numerical results indicate that the achievable rate of the proposed design has remarkable improvement over that of existing schemes, moreover, the group delay introduced by the FIR precoder is minimized.
基金Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(973 Program,No.2005CB321903)
文摘Distributing real-time video stream in large scale group communication over Interuet poses several challenging problems due to the complex network dynamics, stringent requirement of delay and loss. This paper proposes a novel peer-to-peer scheme, named TeamCast, to combat with these issues. Constructing multiple diverse application layer multicast (ALM) trees to transmit multiple independent complementary descriptions produced by multiple description coding (MDC) simultaneously, TeamCast improves error resilient ability in the presence of various levels of packet loss caused by unpredictable congestion of Internet and node failure, as well as enlarges system capacity. The results of extensive simulations indicate that TeamCast achieves low latency, scalability, and fault tolerance for the delivery of live media stream.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China ( No. 71171045 ) Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China ( No. 11D10413,No. 11D10417,No. 12D10416 ) Donghua University Research Foundation for Young Teacher,China ( No. 104-10-0044010 )
文摘Application layer multicast (ALM) has been widely applied in Internet, as a substitute for IP multicast. However, it causes network load to increase because it adopts unlcast in data transmission, which limits the application. In this article, in order to improve the ALM performance in P2P-SIP network, an ALM model was proposed which reduced network load via merging messages in concast mode. Finally network simulations prove that this model has better benefit on single node load and average network load. Therefore, it is suitable for streaming media service in P2P-SIP Network.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.60432030).
文摘Application layer multicast routing is a multiobjective optimization problem.Three routing constraints,tree’s cost,tree’s balance and network layer load distribution are analyzed in this paper.The three fitness functions are used to evaluate a multicast tree on the three indexes respectively and one general fitness function is generated.A novel approach based on genetic algorithms is proposed.Numerical simulations show that,compared with geometrical routing rules,the proposed algorithm improve all three indexes,especially on cost and network layer load distribution indexes.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60273008) and the Major Research Project of the National Key Basic Research and Development (973) Program of China (No. G1999032704)
文摘The number of clients that receive high-quality streaming video from a source is greatly limited by the application requirements, such as the high bandwidth and reliability. In this work, a method was de-veloped to construct a color overlay, which enables clients to receive data across multiple paths, based on the forward error correction technique. The color overlay enlarges system capacity by reducing the bottle-necks and extending the bandwidth, improves reliability against node failure, and is more resilient to fluctua-tions of network metrics. A light-weight protocol for building the overlay is also presented. Extensive simula-tions were conducted and the results clearly support the claimed advantages.