Subsurface water flow velocity influences the hydrodynamic characteristics of soil seepage and the interaction between subsurface water flow and surface runoff during soil erosion and sediment transport.A visualized m...Subsurface water flow velocity influences the hydrodynamic characteristics of soil seepage and the interaction between subsurface water flow and surface runoff during soil erosion and sediment transport.A visualized method and equipment was adopted in this study to observe the subsurface water flow.Quartz sand was used as the test material of subsurface water flow and fluorescent dye was used as the indicator for tracing subsurface water flow.Water was supplied at the same flow discharge to the three parts at the bottom of the test flume,and the subsurface water flow were determined with four slope gradients(4°,8°,10°,and 12°).The results showed that the seepage velocity gradually increased with increasing slope gradient.The pore water velocity at different depths of sand layer profile increased with increasing slope gradient,whereas the thickness of the flow front gradually decreased.For the same slope gradient,the pore water velocity in the lower layer was the largest,whereas the thickness of the flow front was the smallest.Comparative analysis of the relationship between seepage velocity and pore water velocity at different depths of sand layer profile showed that the maximum relative difference between the measured pore water velocity and the computational pore water velocity at different depths of sand profile in the experiment was 4.38%.Thus,the test method for measuring the subsurface water flow velocity of sand layer profile adopted in this study was effective and feasible.The development of this experiment and the exploration of research methods would lay a good test foundation for future studies on the variation law of subsurface water flow velocity and the determination of flow velocity in purple soils,thus contributing to the improvement of the hydrodynamic mechanism of purple soils.展开更多
针对北京西部地区砂卵石地层埋深浅、粒径大、分布广,盾构施工产生的振动易传至地表对环境产生影响等,对北京地铁某区间进行现场振动测试。通过埋设地层、地面及隧道内测点进行时间-空间同步监测,获取测试区间盾构每环掘进时的振动数据...针对北京西部地区砂卵石地层埋深浅、粒径大、分布广,盾构施工产生的振动易传至地表对环境产生影响等,对北京地铁某区间进行现场振动测试。通过埋设地层、地面及隧道内测点进行时间-空间同步监测,获取测试区间盾构每环掘进时的振动数据,分析振动频域特性及空间衰减规律,并对地表振动环境影响进行评价。研究表明,砂卵石地层盾构施工振动主要为刀盘刀具切割土体产生的振动,机械振动及运输车辆产生的振动对地表影响较小。刀盘附近振动主频分布于30 Hz以上,而横断面地表远离刀盘40 m处衰减至20 Hz以下。测点振幅大小与刀盘、测点间相对位置有关,地表振幅大小依次为刀盘前方测点、刀盘两侧测点、刀盘后方测点,刀盘处地表振级达80 d B,远离刀盘20~30 m时衰减至60 d B以下。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41571265,41971244)the Key Research and Development Project of Social Livelihood in Chongqing(cstc2018jscxmszdX0061)the Foundation of Graduate Research and Innovation in Chongqing under project CYB18089.
文摘Subsurface water flow velocity influences the hydrodynamic characteristics of soil seepage and the interaction between subsurface water flow and surface runoff during soil erosion and sediment transport.A visualized method and equipment was adopted in this study to observe the subsurface water flow.Quartz sand was used as the test material of subsurface water flow and fluorescent dye was used as the indicator for tracing subsurface water flow.Water was supplied at the same flow discharge to the three parts at the bottom of the test flume,and the subsurface water flow were determined with four slope gradients(4°,8°,10°,and 12°).The results showed that the seepage velocity gradually increased with increasing slope gradient.The pore water velocity at different depths of sand layer profile increased with increasing slope gradient,whereas the thickness of the flow front gradually decreased.For the same slope gradient,the pore water velocity in the lower layer was the largest,whereas the thickness of the flow front was the smallest.Comparative analysis of the relationship between seepage velocity and pore water velocity at different depths of sand layer profile showed that the maximum relative difference between the measured pore water velocity and the computational pore water velocity at different depths of sand profile in the experiment was 4.38%.Thus,the test method for measuring the subsurface water flow velocity of sand layer profile adopted in this study was effective and feasible.The development of this experiment and the exploration of research methods would lay a good test foundation for future studies on the variation law of subsurface water flow velocity and the determination of flow velocity in purple soils,thus contributing to the improvement of the hydrodynamic mechanism of purple soils.
文摘针对北京西部地区砂卵石地层埋深浅、粒径大、分布广,盾构施工产生的振动易传至地表对环境产生影响等,对北京地铁某区间进行现场振动测试。通过埋设地层、地面及隧道内测点进行时间-空间同步监测,获取测试区间盾构每环掘进时的振动数据,分析振动频域特性及空间衰减规律,并对地表振动环境影响进行评价。研究表明,砂卵石地层盾构施工振动主要为刀盘刀具切割土体产生的振动,机械振动及运输车辆产生的振动对地表影响较小。刀盘附近振动主频分布于30 Hz以上,而横断面地表远离刀盘40 m处衰减至20 Hz以下。测点振幅大小与刀盘、测点间相对位置有关,地表振幅大小依次为刀盘前方测点、刀盘两侧测点、刀盘后方测点,刀盘处地表振级达80 d B,远离刀盘20~30 m时衰减至60 d B以下。
