Layout Planning Technology of Cellular Manufacturing System Based on Process Interconnection Analysis

With sustaining change of production mode,layout planning is no longer a thing built once for all.Cellular layout(CL) is becoming a hotspot in the research field of manufacturing system layout.Traditional researches on layout planning are mainly concentrating on aspects of layout arithmetic,style and evaluation,etc.Relatively seldom efforts are paid to CL and its specific problems as cell formation(CF),equipment sharing and CL analysis.Through problem analyzing of layout in cellular manufacturing system(CMS),research approach of cell formation,interactive layout and layout analysis threaded with process interconnection relationship(PIR) is proposed.Typical key technologies in CL like CF technology based on similarity analysis of part processes,interactive visual layout technology,layout evaluation technology founded on PIR analysis and algorithm of cell equipment sharing are put forward.Against the background of one enterprise which encounters problems of low utility of key equipments and disperse material logistic,an example of four-cell layout is given.The CL adjustment and analysis results show that equipment with high level of sharing degree should be disposed around the boundary of its main cell,and be near to other sharing cells as possible; process route should be centralized by all means,so equipment adjustment is to be implemented along direction that route intersection can be decreased; giving consideration to the existence of discrete cell,logistic route and its density should be centralized to cells formed.The proposed research can help improve equipment utility and material logistic efficiency of CL,and can be popularized to other application availably.

GIS-based Village Layout Planning in Towns: A Case Study of Fengyang Town, Fenxi County, Jiangxi Province

Village layout planning is a fundamental work in the construction of beautiful countryside, and also a global work involving vital interests of vast farmers. Taking Fengyang Town of Fenxi County, Jiangxi Province for example, this paper applied Arc GIS to analyze natural facors, social economy, and construction factors quantitatively by evaluating development and construction conditions of each village comprehensively from the perspective of urban-rural integration. Classifying the villages into 4 types, namely urban reform type, concentrated development type, controlled construction type and relocation type, this paper tried to guide the scattered rural settlements to the intensive development.

The Role of Planning in National Innovative City Development: On the Evolution and Implementation Effect of Shenzhen Industry Layout Planning

From the two perspectives of urban development and industrial development, this paper presents and explains the stage characteristics of the evolution process of Shenzhen to build a national innovative city, on which both the urban and the industrial policies produce remarkable influences. By analyzing three cases of industry layout planning of Shenzhen, in particular the evolution of planning thoughts and the implementation effect of the plans, this paper argues that an effective industry layout planning should focus on studying the spatial requirements of industries and creating the suitable physical environment for industrial development instead of directly arranging the layout of various industries. Moreover, the implementation of the latest planning policy in Shenzhen proves that the industry space policies issued by the local government should be problem-oriented and be aimed to solve the practical difficulties in the innovative development.

Two Generative Design Methods of Hospital Operating Department Layouts Based on Healthcare Systematic Layout Planning and Generative Adversarial Network

With the increasing demands of health care,the design of hospital buildings has become increasingly demanding and complicated.However,the traditional layout design method for hospital is labor intensive,time consuming and prone to errors.With the development of artificial intelligence(AI),the intelligent design method has become possible and is considered to be suitable for the layout design of hospital buildings.Two intelli-gent design processes based on healthcare systematic layout planning(HSLP)and generative adversarial network(GAN)are proposed in this paper,which aim to solve the generation problem of the plane functional layout of the operating departments(ODs)of general hospitals.The first design method that is more like a mathemati-cal model with traditional optimization algorithm concerns the following two steps:developing the HSLP model based on the conventional systematic layout planning(SLP)theory,identifying the relationship and flows amongst various departments/units,and arriving at the preliminary plane layout design;establishing mathematical model to optimize the building layout by using the genetic algorithm(GA)to obtain the optimized scheme.The specific process of the second intelligent design based on more than 100 sets of collected OD drawings includes:labelling the corresponding functional layouts of each OD plan;building image-to-image translation with conditional ad-versarial network(pix2pix)for training OD plane layouts,which is one of the most representative GAN models.Finally,the functions and features of the results generated by the two methods are analyzed and compared from an architectural and algorithmic perspective.Comparison of the two design methods shows that the HSLP and GAN models can autonomously generate new OD plane functional layouts.The HSLP layouts have clear functional area adjacencies and optimization goals,but the layouts are relatively rigid and not specific enough.The GAN outputs are the most innovative layouts with strong applicability,but the dataset has strict constraints.The goal of this paper is to help release the heavy load of architects in the early design stage and present the effectiveness of these intelligent design methods in the field of medical architecture.

Planning Evaluation on Spatial Layout of Livestock and Poultry Farms

The problems of spatial layout in livestock and poultry farms were discussed, and the development status of the planning evaluation on the spatial layout in recent years was systematically reviewed. The research progress in planning evaluation systems and methods was mainly intro- duced. And some opinions were proposed to solve these problems.

Planning and Layout Strategies of Urban Institution Pension Service Facilities under the Background of Aging Society: A Case Study of the Main Urban District of Xuzhou City

China has entered an aging society, and the contradiction between the social pension needs rapidly growing in the city and the lagged pension business is increasingly outstanding. By analyzing the amount, development level, type, structure, and space distribution of the institutional pension facility in main urban district of Xuzhou City, this paper has summed up the main problems. Combining the estimation on the number of the elders and pension bed, coordination and planning of institutional pension facility in the research zone are conducted from three aspects: distribution guidance, principle of locating and differentiation configuration, to promote the construction of pension agency and impel the development of pension business in Xuzhou City.

基于深度学习神经网络技术的脊柱椎弓根螺钉自动规划研究

目的:针对骨科手术机器人螺钉手工规划效率低下的问题,实现基于CT的脊柱椎弓根螺钉自动、高效、高质量规划。方法:采用深度学习神经网络对标注分割和螺钉的CT图像进行有监督的机器学习,实现脊柱椎弓根螺钉的自动规划;本实验使用44例腰椎CT共440枚螺钉作为训练集,使用11例CT生成110枚螺钉作为测试集,以手工规划作为对照组,通过盲法专家评价评估螺钉规划效果,并通过记录规划时间评估规划效率。结果:该自动规划方法生成的螺钉规划临床可用率为95.4%,自动规划时间与平均手工规划时间分别为68.8 s和177.6 s。结论:该自动规划方法可初步实现高效、高质量的脊柱椎弓根螺钉自动规划,但仍需临床医生监督复核。

多站融合的微能源系统站 网协同布局

为了促进资源的共享,提高能源利用率,建立了双层站网优化布局模型,对多站融合的微能源系统的融合站数量、位置、设备容量配置,以及管线分布进行了协同规划。上层模型采用最小生成树和谱聚类求解,解决了融合站数量、位置和管线分布问题;下层模型采用提出的改进的粒子群优化算法,解决了设备容量配置问题。通过对规划区域进行算例仿真,得出了系统站网协同布局的优化结果,验证了所提模型和算法的可行性与合理性。

多目标免疫的风景园林植物布局规划模型

常规景观植物布局规划模型构建方法主要采用大数据技术,通过构建双层规划模型实现景观园林布局规划目标,无法有效剖析植物景观布局影响因子的作用机制,导致模型求解出的目标值高于实际布局规划方案的目标值。基于多目标免疫算法构建风景园林植物布局规划模型,对植物景观布局的影响因子进行分析,明确其作用机制,以此为数据基础,利用多目标免疫算法提取景观群空间尺度特征信息。基于特征信息提取要素,以景观关联度最高、生态环境破坏度最小和空间利用度最大为目标构建综合景观植物布局规划模型,实现风景园林植物布局的合理规划。以实际公园为测试对象,对构建的景观植物布局规划模型进行性能验证。结果证明:所提模型求解出的风景园林植物布局规划目标值均优于对比方案的目标值,提高了景观关联关系值、降低了生态环境破坏值和空间利用实现最大化。

近代粤西广州湾的空间形态演变研究

广州湾(现湛江市)于1899年被强租。早期法国计划在麻斜河口分设东西军营以加强军事控制,并在东岸着重建设麻斜新城与赤坎埠争利,失败后转回西岸发展白雅特城。套用东南亚的管治经验,白雅特城由法国人主导进行政治控制,赤坎埠由华商精英主导进行商业经营,广州湾开始较为稳定发展并演进为双核主体空间结构。白雅特城采用轴线控制的方格网格局以彰显控制权威;赤坎埠因发展时序建成四个组团,空间呈现多元拼贴特征,二者共同建构了湛江历史城区的底图。

大型医院交通集散空间布局规划及优化研究

近年来医院发展朝着大型化和综合化形式迈进,同时也带来了一系列交通问题。本文就医院外部集散空间布局形式进行研究并改进,以缓解大型医院外部的交通拥堵混乱问题。通过分析大型医院外部空间的使用需求,重新界定了医院交通集散空间的范围与功能;结合其空间流线需求与建筑广场、城市道路设计理论,分析了医院集散空间的交通特征与规划要点;最后提出了各功能区布局原则,并从医院内外临时停车、交通设施布置、道路功能划分等方面阐明了医院交通集散空间的规划方法。针对不同形式医院的布局,分别设置了复合立体型、平面广场型和用地紧缺性三种形式,为城市规划设计者提供参考。

基于SLP法和Em-plant仿真的台钻厂设施布置规划

在对福州台钻厂全厂进行总平面布置设计时,充分考虑了工作环境安全性、物流效率、搬运方便性、工艺流程的连续性、人员车辆分流、辅助部门服务、管理方便性、布置方案的可扩展性和绿化及防污染等因素,运用系统布置设计(System Layout Planning,SLP)法,最终设计出一个较为理想的方案,使企业在生产中物流、人员和信息的传递效率达到最佳,降低了生产成本,提高了企业竞争力。通过对福州台钻厂进行基本要素分析、物流分析和作业单位之间的非物流相互关系分析,运用SLP设计模式对其进行平面布置优化。在Em-plant仿真软件环境下,建立制造系统仿真模型,进行车间布局仿真分析,对车间的原始布局方案和改善方案进行评价分析。

智能网联试验场关键构成要素分析

在深入分析国内政策标准,总结测试需求中的典型场景,以现有车路两端产品发展情况的基础上,探索智能网联试验场工艺规划方法、规划设计原则,分析场景布局、测试分区、道路类型等构成要素,以典型测试场景为例说明元素布置方法,为智能网联试验场规划建设提供技术思路和参考。

车间多排设备布局问题的优化研究

在车间多排设备布局问题上往往存在限制条件多、设计方案不合理的情况。针对车间多排设备布局问题的特性,提出一种车间布局优化模型,并且利用遗传算法变异策略优势改进粒子群算法,使得设计方案更加合理。首先,将车间设备进行坐标化,建立了基于总物流成本最小的目标函数。经过综合分析,量化了各工序之间的物流关系。然后根据消防通道、设备占地与间距等非物流因素采用分级惩罚思想建立各种约束。此外,利用随机生存的初始种群,采用加入遗传算法的自适应变异策略的粒子群算法搜索最优车间布局。最后,通过一个案例研究了该模型的工作原理。与系统布置设计(Systematic Layout Planning, SLP)方法和遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm, GA)相比,该方法在解决多排设备布局问题效果更好。

镇村布局规划实施效果评价方法研究

开展镇村布局规划实施效果评价,可以为决策优化和方案调整提供科学依据。本文结合高分辨率遥感影像与国土三调数据,通过面向对象变化检测方法,提取集聚提升类、城郊融合类、特色保护类、拆迁撤并类村庄的建设用地变化图斑,在两期建设用地图斑的基础上,构建建设用地变化量与紧凑度指标,开展村庄建设进程和村庄形态的分析评价,并以盱眙县穆店镇为例,对2019—2022年近期规划的四类村庄进行方法验证,为不同村庄的发展提供适宜的规划建议。

城际轨道交通车辆基地总平面布局关键要点研究

针对城际轨道交通车辆基地总平面布置限制因素多、洗车效率不高、高速试车线设置困难等问题,以杭临城际上泉车辆基地设计为例,对城际轨道交通车辆基地总平面布局关键要点进行研究。通过对车辆基地功能定位、用地条件、限制因素、洗车及试车线设置方式等进行分析,提出总平面布置及竖向优化方案、类贯通洗车方案、多种敷设方式组合试车线设置方案,解决用地受限条件下高效洗车及高速试车线设置难题。实际应用表明相关方案可较大程度提升运营效率,为其他类似车辆基地设计提供参考。

基于机器学习空间聚类的出租车停靠站点布局规划

针对出租车随意停靠给城市交通带来的负面影响,为规范出租车营运秩序、改善出租车营运环境和居民乘车条件,提出一种将出租车出行空间信息与机器学习算法相结合的出租车停靠站点布局规划方法。首先利用出租车GPS轨迹数据提取出租车出行起点,然后采用HDBSCAN聚类算法对起点进行空间密度聚类,形成聚类簇后以其中心点作为出租车停靠站点布局的备选点。最后,为验证所提方法的可行性和有效性,选取重庆市中心城区一土地利用类型丰富、人口密度高的典型区域进行案例分析。结果显示,107个备选点主要分布于商业中心区和居住集中区,与出租车出行高需求区域的空间分布基本吻合;布局的出租车停靠站点在300 m范围内的覆盖率达到76.0%,未覆盖区域主要为城市绿地和水体。研究表明,机器学习算法可实现出租车停靠站点的高效布局规划,但在规划和实施阶段,停靠站点的设置还应结合邻近区域的建成环境特点综合考虑。

新建铁路引入成都枢纽方案研究

成都枢纽是我国铁路网的关键节点和骨干枢纽。为研究某铁路引入成都枢纽方案,综合考虑枢纽客货运布局及总图规划、城市发展规划、客流特点、新线引入对既有线干扰等因素,采用多因素分布研究的方法,对引入站选择及线路走向方案开展系统研究。经综合比选,推荐采用可贯通东西向干线铁路、动车组径路灵活、线路引入对枢纽影响小、符合城市规划与发展要求的引入天府站方案;在引入天府站基础上,进一步研究线路走向方案,选取工程投资节省、兼顾工业园区运输需求、配套基地设置条件好的经寿安方案作为推荐方案。研究成果可为类似工程项目提供借鉴和参考。

基于eM-Plant的集装箱码头布局规划仿真研究

应用eM-Plant仿真软件对某集装箱码头布局的多种规划方案进行仿真,根据码头的作业流程及系统仿真的特点,设计了基于eM-Plant的仿真流程,建立了包括泊位子模块、道口子模块、堆场子模块、统计子模块的参数化仿真模型,通过对不同规划方案的仿真运行,并对仿真结果进行分析后,得到了较优的方案,为决策者提供有力的支持。

道教名山成熟风景范式下的安徽齐云山在地化营建

作为在道教名山风景范式成熟下发展鼎盛的道教名山,如何融合区域及山岳特色达到范式的在地化转换?为探究这一问题,选取鼎盛于明中期且具有独特区域文化特征、山岳自然特征的安徽齐云山为研究对象,利用古今图文资料进行特定背景下的名山在地化风景营建分析。结果表明:(1)齐云山的规划布局充分体现了道教名山成熟风景范式下的“天路历程”时代特征,但也存在“九里十三亭”这类特殊地段,同时还因山岳较武当山、泰山等海拔较低而更倾向于通过横向逶迤布置不同空间序列及山体断裂抬升等来达到“天路”意境;(2)在地域习俗及山岳特色地质地貌的影响下,齐云山将范式内的具体景观空间进行了较为明显的在地化,世俗空间以依山势连续有规律构建的名山建设孤例“九里十三亭”和居高临崖、民商融合的中国道教第一村“月华天街”为主,承担世俗服务功能的同时也强化了山岳的神圣性;神圣空间除道教名山一般具有的从“无”到“有”营建的宫观祠庵外,主要包括自然地景神圣化后形成的3类廊道式丹霞洞穴圣所和各类峰石神物,着重利用从“自然场所”到“自然圣所”的空间转换来实现宗教功能。