Approach of service recovery decision-making based on Bellman dynamic programming

Based on service-oriented architecture（SOA）,a Bellman-dynamic-programming-based approach of service recovery decision-making is proposed to make valid recovery decisions.Both the attribute and the process of services in the controllable distributed information system are analyzed as the preparatory work.Using the idea of service composition as a reference,the approach translates the recovery decision-making into a planning problem regarding artificial intelligence （AI） through two steps.The first is the self-organization based on a logical view of the network,and the second is the definition of evaluation standards.Applying Bellman dynamic programming to solve the planning problem,the approach offers timely emergency response and optimal recovery source selection,meeting multiple QoS （quality of service）requirements.Experimental results demonstrate the rationality and optimality of the approach,and the theoretical analysis of its computational complexity and the comparison with conventional methods exhibit its high efficiency.

RF-CLASS： A remote-sensing-based flood crop loss assessment cyber-service system for supporting crop statistics and insurance decision-making

Floods often cause significant crop loss in the United States. Timely and objective information on flood-related crop loss, such as flooded acreage and degree of crop damage, is very important for crop monitoring and risk management in ag- ricultural and disaster-related decision-making at many concerned agencies. Currently concerned agencies mostly rely on field surveys to obtain crop loss information and compensate farmers＇ loss claim. Such methods are expensive, labor intensive, and time consumptive, especially for a large flood that affects a large geographic area. The results from such methods suffer from inaccuracy, subjectiveness, untimeliness, and lack of reproducibility. Recent studies have demonstrated that Earth observation （EO） data could be used in post-flood crop loss assessment for a large geographic area objectively, timely, accurately, and cost effectively. However, there is no operational decision support system, which employs such EO-based data and algorithms for operational flood-related crop decision-making. This paper describes the development of an EO-based flood crop loss assessment cyber-service system, RF-CLASS, for supporting flood-related crop statistics and insurance decision-making. Based on the service-orientated architecture, RF-CLASS has been implemented with open interoperability specifications to facilitate the interoperability with EO data systems, particularly the National Aeronautics and Space Administration （NASA） Earth Observing System Data and Information System （EOSDIS）, for automatically fetching the input data from the data systems. Validated EO algorithms have been implemented as web services in the system to operationally produce a set of flood-related products from EO data, such as flood frequency, flooded acreage, and degree of crop damage, for supporting decision-making in flood statistics and flood crop insurance policy. The system leverages recent advances in the remote sensing-based flood monitoring and assessment, the near-real-time availability of EO data, the service-oriented architecture, geospatial interoperability standards, and the standard-based geospatial web service technology. The prototypical system has automatically generated the flood crop loss products and demonstrated the feasibility of using such products to improve the agricultural decision-making. Evaluation of system by the end-user agencies indicates that significant improvement on flood-related crop decision-making has been achieved with the system.

Discussion on Improving Decision-making Meteorological Service Level of County-level Meteorological Station

Based on experience of meteorological service at county-level meteorological station in recent 20 years,status quo of decision-making meteorological service,main influence factors of decision-making meteorological service and writing of decision-making meteorological service materials are analyzed,and measures and suggestions of improving decision-making meteorological service level are proposed. The research aims to improve public meteorological service level at grass-roots level,provide scientific decision-making basis for government departments preventing and reducing disaster,and reduce loss of life and property of the country and people caused by meteorological disasters to the maximum extent.

Decision-Making Model of Public Service Facility Configuration in Multi-agent Communities and Its Application

The decision.making process of the public service facility configuration in multi.agent community is usually simplistic and static. In order to reflect dynamic changes and interactions of all behavior subjects induding of residents, real estate developers and the government, a decision-making model of public service facility configuration according to the multi-agent theory was made to improve the efficiency of the public service facility configuration in community and the living quality of residents. Taking a community to the cast of Jinhui Port in Fengxian District in Shanghai for example, the model analyzed the decision-makers＇ adaptive behaviors and simulated the decision.making criteria. The results indicate that the decision-making model and criteria can be well of satisfying the purpose of improving validity and rationality of public service facility configuration in large community.

EVALUATION OF ECOLOGICAL SERVICES OF JILIN PROVINCE, NORTHEAST CHINA

The main purpose of this study is to give evaluation of ecological services of Jilin Province, Northeast China. To take this value into decision-making and GDP accounting system is considered to be one of the economic solutions for ecological problems. The evaluation is based on the methods proposed by COSTANZA et al., and some modifications about unit value of forest and cropland system were made according to the real characters of ecosystem, climate, natural conditions etc., in Jilin Province. Total value of ecosystem services is about 554.404x10(9) yuan(RMB)/a, which is about 4.9 times of GDP of the corresponding period. The results of this study could be used as a fundamental work for the construction of ecological province, which was carried out from 2001, and could provide ecological information for decision-making. Furthermore, the necessities for the further studies on the evaluation of ecological services and natural capital were discussed.

Analysis of Critical Factors in Manufacturing by Adopting a Cloud Computing Service

The advantages of a cloud computing service are cost advantages,availability,scalability,flexibility,reduced time to market,and dynamic access to computing resources.Enterprises can improve the successful adoption rate of cloud computing services if they understand the critical factors.Tofind critical factors,this studyfirst reviewed the literature and established a three-layer hierarch-ical factor table for adopting a cloud computing service based on the Technology-Organization-Environment framework.Then,a hybrid method that combines two multi-criteria decision-making tools—called the Fuzzy Analytic Network Process method and the concept of VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje acceptable advantage—was used to objectively identify critical factors for the adop-tion of a cloud computing service,replacing the subjective decision of the authors.The results of this study determinedfive critical factors,namely data access secur-ity,information transmission security,senior management support,fallback cloud management,and employee acceptance.Finally,the paper presents thefindings and implications of the study.

An Integrated Framework for Cloud Service Selection Based on BOM and TOPSIS

Many businesses have experienced difficulties in selecting a cloud service provider(CSP)due to the rapid advancement of cloud computing services and the proliferation of CSPs.Many independent criteria should be considered when evaluating the services provided by different CSPs.It is a case of multi-criteria decision-making(MCDM).This paper presents an integrated MCDM cloud service selection framework for determining the most appropriate service provider based on the best only method(BOM)and technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS).To obtain the weights of criteria and the relative importance of CSPs based on each criterion,BOM performs pairwise comparisons of criteria and also for alternatives on each criterion,and TOPSIS uses these weights to rank cloud alternatives.An evaluation and validation of the proposed framework have been carried out through a use-case model to prove its efficiency and accuracy.Moreover,the developed framework was compared with the analytical hierarchical process(AHP),a popular MCDM approach,based on two perspectives:efficiency and consistency.According to the research results,the proposed framework only requires 25%of the comparisons needed for the AHP approach.Furthermore,the proposed framework has a CR of 0%,whereas AHP has 38%.Thus,the proposed framework performs better than AHPwhen it comes to computation complexity and consistency,implying that it is more efficient and trustworthy.

美英日国家图书馆智库服务研究

国家图书馆智库作为国家发展和治理的重要支撑,其建设和发展应受到关注和重视。文章从机构概况、服务内容、服务成果三方面,详细介绍并对比了美国国会图书馆、英国下议院图书馆和日本国立国会图书馆的智库情况,并从人才队伍、组织结构、研究领域以及平台建设等方面,对我国国家图书馆智库建设和服务提出建议。

流动人口管理中户籍立法嬗变的审视与反思

对流动人口管理的行政法治问题进行深入研究与探讨,既有助于推动流动人口服务与管理机制改革,又有利于夯实基层社会治理根基和提升基层治理能力。流动人口管理与户籍立法发展历经严密控制、管制调控、逐步放开等发展阶段,展现如下特点:从强制人口流动转化为引导人口流动;从强化中央管制转变为扩大地方政府权力;从建立城乡二元结构转变为突破城乡二元格局。国外在平衡人口自由迁移与城市有限资源的关系方面,有一些经验可供我国参考借鉴。我国现行的有关流动人口管理的户籍法律制度在实践中虽具有可行性与合理性,但在服务行政视阈下,仍存在一些亟需重视与解决的不足,亟需加强《户籍法》的引领与保障、推进统一的法律制度体系建设、积极保障流动人口的合法权益和落实居住证制度拓宽的福利与便利。

An Adaptive Hybrid Optimization Strategy for Resource Allocation in Network Function Virtualization

With the rapid development of Network Function Virtualization(NFV),the problem of low resource utilizationin traditional data centers is gradually being addressed.However,existing research does not optimize both localand global allocation of resources in data centers.Hence,we propose an adaptive hybrid optimization strategy thatcombines dynamic programming and neural networks to improve resource utilization and service quality in datacenters.Our approach encompasses a service function chain simulation generator,a parallel architecture servicesystem,a dynamic programming strategy formaximizing the utilization of local server resources,a neural networkfor predicting the global utilization rate of resources and a global resource optimization strategy for bottleneck andredundant resources.With the implementation of our local and global resource allocation strategies,the systemperformance is significantly optimized through simulation.

我国人口老龄化趋势下对养老立法问题的思考

我国老龄化问题加剧,传统养老模式已不能满足老年人对养老服务的需求,在养老服务立法方面,虽已初步形成具有中国特色的养老服务法律框架,但尚存在一定局限性。因此,需结合域内外养老立法经验,聚焦老年人的实际需求,探析构建老龄化法律体系的可行路径。

志愿服务制度化:结构、形态与规制——以省级地方立法为例

党的二十大报告提出的“完善志愿服务制度和工作体系”要求,明确了志愿服务规范化、制度化建设的定位与朝向。研究以志愿服务地方专项立法为切入视角,遵循结构体系、演进形态、议题呈现和规制发展的逻辑,剖解了志愿服务制度化典型形式,即志愿服务地方专项立法的基本框架、领域特征和技术结构,进而塑成时间和空间层面的演进规律,甄别出志愿服务地方立法需要关注的重点议题,即与志愿服务实践脱节、政策模仿现象明显、信息共享规则建构不规范和体系衔接不充分等问题。以此为前提,希冀通过推进志愿服务立法覆盖、提升立法工作者创制能力、完善信息共享规范和链接社会信用体系建设等举措,推动志愿服务制度化的规范建构与科学发展。

立法政策视域下韩国视觉障碍图书馆服务机制研究

韩国政府以立法政策为手段,明确视觉障碍图书馆社会服务职能。以科学精细化服务为保障,以开展多元化项目为措施,建立系统全面的服务机制。我国应借鉴韩国视觉障碍图书馆发展模式,健全图书馆相关立法体系,完善图书馆政策职能,加强文献资源建设,提高服务内容与质量。

公共图书馆舆情信息服务实践与分析--以南京图书馆为例

公共图书馆作为信息资源的集散地,在舆情信息服务方面具有天然的优势。然而,当前公共图书馆在舆情信息服务方面仍存在一些不足,需要不断改进和完善。通过分析南京图书馆舆情信息服务工作现状,发现存在选题范围覆盖面不全、信息来源广泛性不强、分析工具精准度不足、服务形式较为局限等问题,公共图书馆应在此基础上,探索面向决策的舆情信息收集与报送工作的改进方向。公共图书馆应构建舆情信息收集机制,升级网络舆情监测系统,扩大服务范围,丰富产品形式,提供定制化服务。

网约车“一元”立法体例构建——基于司法实践的实证分析

近年来,随着“互联网+”的快速推进,我国数字经济成绩斐然。其中,以移动网络和大数据等新技术为基础,整合社会资源为消费者提供便利服务的共享经济异军突起,网约车也给人们带来了诸多便利。然而,目前针对出租汽车的“二元”立法体例在规制网约车过程中尚存有不足。其具体表现为:不能适应网约车、巡游车趋同发展现实,法律适用受到“二元”规制阻隔等问题。文章通过实证分析网约车法律规制的静态文本现状、动态的规则适用,从“二元”规制的区分标准、法律规制主体设计方面探究了“二元”立法体例的局限,进而提出了从框架设计、增加营运管理责任条款、弱化地方区域性约束条款等方面构建“一元”立法体例,以期实现良法善治,回应经济社会发展需求,持续优化网约车的市场环境的具体建议。

On Autonomy of Will and the Applicable Law of Labor Contract:From the Perspective of Chinese Legislation

There are so many different opinions on whether the autonomy of will is applied in labor contract.In this paper,the author discusses the application and limitation of autonomy of will in labor contract,and puts forward some suggestions on the application of Article 43 of Law of the Application of Law for Foreign-related Civil Relationships after the introduction of Chinese legislation of the applicable law of labor contract.Autonomy of will is a useful principle in resolving disputes arising from foreign-related labor contract in China.

我国婴幼儿照护服务政策发展研究:演进历程、影响因素与优化路径

从历史制度主义视角梳理我国婴幼儿照护服务政策演进历程,并分析政策演进的内部规律与关键节点,可知我国婴幼儿照护服务政策经历了制度的初创、确立、转向、回归及体系化发展等5个阶段。在历史制度主义框架下,讨论政策演进路径与动力机制,认为重大政治事件与关键决策影响婴幼儿照护服务政策演进路径,政治经济体制、行动主体的行为与观念促进婴幼儿照护服务政策演进。我国未来的婴幼儿照护服务政策发展需要更完善的婴幼儿照护服务法律法规体系;推动中央与地方政府双向互动促进婴幼儿照护服务政策协同;加快普及科学的婴幼儿照护观念,形成良好的婴幼儿照护社会环境。

罕见病立法国际比较与启示--基于“适度保障”和“倾斜保障”原则的法律制度构建

目前,我国的罕见病防治措施主要分散于各类行政规范性文件中,缺乏系统性和协同性。域外立法例表明,罕见病立法应当包含罕见病与孤儿药认定、药品供应、费用筹集、医药服务四项结构性制度,并在此基础上完善罕见病药品研发和供应的激励机制,构建多层次罕见病医疗保障体系,通过罕见病诊疗协作进一步细化提高医药服务水平。借鉴域外立法经验与教训,结合我国现实国情,未来应当基于“适度保障”和“倾斜保障”两项基本原则构建罕见病防治法律制度,在认定方面应当向发病率高的罕见病倾斜,药品供应方面应当向有研发能力和意愿的药企倾斜,费用筹集和保障水平方面应当坚持适度原则,医药服务方面应当向医疗资源贫乏的地区和人群倾斜。

国土空间规划中生态用地的法律界定——兼谈生态环境损害的范围

在“多规合一”之前的空间规划体系中,生态用地已被纳入其中,并得到了一定的保护。但是,生态用地未得到界定,导致生态用地与其他类型土地的边界不清晰,这不利于国土空间规划及国土空间用途管制制度的实施。生态用地的界定存在生态要素决定论、生态功能决定论和主体功能决定论三种观点。在国土空间规划中,宜采纳主体功能决定论下的生态用地概念,但该主体的生态系统服务应是狭义上的,并以生态安全为价值目标。此外,应以主导功能确定生态用地的生态服务功能类型。因而在生态环境损害公益诉讼中,生态环境损害应仅计算主导生态服务功能的丧失。在国土空间立法上,无论是国土空间规划法还是国土空间开发保护法,生态用地都是指微观、具体地块层面的用地类型,生态空间是指宏观、衔接层面的国土空间。

日本国立国会图书馆智库型产品及其运营策略分析

文章运用文献调查法、网络调查法和案例分析法梳理了日本国立国会图书馆的智库型产品。研究发现,日本国立国会图书馆智库型产品具有在编制内容上长期深耕、在架构设计上富有层次、在产品呈现上高度公开的特点,其完备的顶层设计、科学的人才队伍建设、专业的外部协作及有效的沟通机制是保证产品质量和持续性发展的动力机制及关键因素。我国图书馆的智库型产品服务可借鉴日本经验,结合自身实际,从服务保障、产品优化及影响力提升三个维度进行发力与全面加强。