Pars plana vitrectomy for retinal detachment using perfluoro-n-octane as intraoperative tamponade:a multicenter,randomized,non-inferiority trial

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of perfluoro-n-octane(PFO)for ophthalmic surgery versus F-Octane as an intraoperative tamponade in pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)in management of retinal detachment.METHODS:This multicenter,prospective,randomized,double-masked,parallel-controlled,non-inferiority trial was conducted in three ophthalmology clinical centers in China.Patients with retinal detachment,who were eligible for PPV were consecutively enrolled.Participants were assigned to PFO for ophthalmic surgery or F-Octane for intraocular tamponade in a 1:1 ratio.Best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),intraocular pressure(IOP)measurement,and dilated fundus examination were performed preoperatively and at 1,7±1,28±3d postoperatively.The primary outcome was complete retinal reattachment rate at postoperative day one.The non-inferiority margin was set at 9.8%.The secondary outcomes included intraoperative retinal reattachment rate,and mean changes in IOP and BCVA from baseline to 1,7±1,28±3d postoperatively,respectively.Safety analyses were presented for all randomly assigned participates in this study.RESULTS:Totally 124 eligible patients completed the study between Mar.14,2016 and Jun.7,2017.Sixty of them were randomly assigned to the PFO for ophthalmic surgery group,and 64 were assigned to the F-Octane group.Baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups.Both groups achieved 100%retinal reattachment at postoperative day one(difference 0,95%CI:-6.21%to 5.75%,P=1).The pre-defined noninferiority criterion was met.No significant difference was observed in intraoperative retinal reattachment rate(difference 1.77%,P=0.61),mean changes in IOP(difference 0.36,-0.09,2.22 mm Hg at 1,7±1,28±3d postoperatively,with all P>0.05)and BCVA(difference 0.04,-0.02,0.06 logMAR at 1,7±1,28±3d postoperatively,all P>0.05)between the two groups.No apparent adverse events related to the utilization of PFO were reported.CONCLUSION:In patients with retinal detachment undergoing PPV,PFO for ophthalmic surgery is non-inferior to F-Octane as an intraocular tamponade,and both are safe and well-tolerated.

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes with implantable collamer lens

AIM:To investigate the clinical characteristics,treatment methods and outcomes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)in highly myopic eyes with implantable collamer lens(ICL).METHODS:High myopia patients who received treatment for nontraumatic RRD after ICL implantation surgery at the Retinal Department of Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from Jan 2018 to Dec 2022 were reviewed.Comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations including visual acuity measurement and digital fundus photography were performed in each patient.RESULTS:A total of nine RRD eyes from nine patients who received V4c-ICL implantation were included.The mean time from ICL implantation surgery to the diagnosis of RRD was 32.44±22.56mo(range,1-60mo).At the initial visit for RRD,giant retinal tear(GRT),horseshoe tear,simple round hole,and horseshoe tear combined with round hole were detected in 3,3,2,and 1 eye(s),respectively,with maculaoff in eyes.Eight patients received surgical treatment,and one patient was treated by retinal laser photocoagulation alone.The ICL was preserved in 7 eyes.At the last followup,the mean best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)improved significantly from 1.76±1.06 logMAR at presentation to 0.81±1.01 logMAR(P=0.035),and no case of recurrent retinal detachment was found.CONCLUSION:The morphological presentation of retinal breaks is diverse in this study.The ICL can be preserved in most cases during the course of retinal detachment repair surgery in our data,companied with acceptable visual and anatomical outcomes.

Application of immersion B-scan ultrasonography in diagnosis of complex retinal detachment,persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous and intraocular tumors

AIM:To evaluate the diagnostic value of panoramic immersion B-scan ultrasonography(Pano-immersion B-scan,PIB)in complex retinal detachment(RD),persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous(PHPV)and intraocular tumors.METHODS:The clinical data of 44 patients collected from May 2012 to December 2019 in Chinese PLA General Hospital was retrospectively studied.All of these patients underwent PIB of the eye,because it was difficult to diagnose by routine ocular fundus examination,conventional ultrasound or/and ultrasonic biomicroscope(UBM)due to opacity of refractive media,pupillary occlusion,large involvement or special location of the lesion.The imaging features of difficult cases in PIB were analyzed.The diagnosis accuracy rating of PIB were evaluated and contrasted with conventional ultrasound or UBM by the standard of intraoperative diagnosis or/and pathological results.RESULTS:According to intraoperative diagnosis or pathological results as gold standard,among the 44 cases,there were 19 cases missed diagnosis,misdiagnosed or difficult-to-diagnose by conventional ultrasound or UBM,including 4 cases of long-standing RD difficult to diagnose,4 cases misdiagnosed,and 11 cases incompletely observed or miss diagnosed.The diagnostic accuracy rate of PIB and conventional ultrasound or UBM were 100%(44/44)and 56.82%(25/44),and the sensitivity of them were 100%and 56.82%.All the patients underwent PIB and were diagnosed as RD(15 cases),retinal and choroidal detachment(4 cases),subchoroidal hematocele(1 case),vitreous opacity and/or organic membrane formation(4 cases),PHPV(12 cases),iris and/or ciliary body tumors(3 cases),and choroidal tumors(6 cases).According to the intraoperative diagnosis or pathological results,the diagnostic coincidence rate of PIB was 100%,which was significantly higher than conventional ultrasound and UBM.CONCLUSION:PIB can help to accurately diagnose complex RD,PHPV,and intraocular masses with special location or/and excessive size.It has important diagnostic value for patients with equivocal findings at conventional ultrasound examination.

Retinal detachment repair through multifocal intraocular lens-overcoming visualization challenge of the peripheral retina

Sir Nicholas Harold Lloyd Ridley has revolutionized the practice of ophthalmology by performing the firstintraocular lens （IOL） implantation in 1949. His scientific achievement was acknowledged thirty years later, which led to US Food and Drug Administration approval in 1981. Although the basic principles of IOL implantation have not changed since, many efforts have been invested in perfecting IOL design during the past decades.

Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment in One-Eyed Patients: Therapeutic and Prognostic Challenges

Background: Retinal detachment is a major ophthalmologic emergency. The rhegmatogenous form is the most common and its management is exclusively surgical as soon as possible. This urgency becomes major and absolute when it occurs in a particular monocular vision. Purpose: To analyze the clinical forms of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), the results and the complications of their management in monophthalmic patients. Methodology: This was a retrospective and analytical study from June 2007 to December 2019. We included all patients who received a consultation for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. All patients were seen by at least two posterior segment specialists and all were operated on by the same surgeon. Results: 57 files (57 eyes) were collected with an average age of 44.71 years and a sex ratio of 7.14. The average consultation time is 40.80 days. Patients complained of decreased visual acuity in 96.49% of cases. We had myopia in 49.12% of cases and 91.23% of patients were phakic. Retinal holes were found in 31.58% of our patients and giant tears in 17.54%. The mean retinal detachment extension was 2.52 quadrants and the macula was raised in 32 cases. The average time taken to take charge was 10 days. Detachment surgery was performed in 42 patients with 100% anatomical recovery. Conclusion: Retinal detachment in one-eyed patient is a major ophthalmic emergency. Its management must not suffer from any delay. Post-operative outcomes are relatively similar between the internal and external pathways. In one-eyed patient, silicone can be left alone in the absence of complications.

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after intraocular lens implantation in high myopia:A case report and literature review

Objective:To observe the changes of diagnosis and treatment of a patient with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)after phakic intraocular lens implantation in high myopia,and analyze its mechanism and treatment combined with the literature.Methods:To report a case of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)after phakic intraocular lens implantation.Result:Two months after the patient underwent scleral cerclage+pad pressing+vitrectomy+silicone oil filling,the fundus color photos showed that the vitreous cavity was filled with silicone oil,the fundus retina was flat,the cerclage ridge was obvious,and a large number of old laser spots.After the silicone oil in the eye was removed,the eye examination:the naked visual acuity of the left eye was 0.12,the corrected visual acuity was-3.25ds/-1.50dc*180=0.4,the intraocular pressure was 19mmHg,the ring ridge was seen in the fundus after mydriasis,a large number of old laser spots and flat retina;The OCT showed that the macular structure of the left eye was complete and there was no subretinal fluid.Conclusion:Scleral cerclage+padding+vitrectomy+silicone oil filling is an effective treatment for retinal detachment(RD)after PIOL.

Anatomical and functional outcomes after Densiron 68 heavy silicone oil tamponade for complicated retinal detachment in Chinese eyes

AIM:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of Densiron 68 heavy silicone oil (HSO) tamponade for complicated retinal detachment(RD)in Chinese eyes.METHODS:Twenty-one eyes of 21 patients with complicated RD were included in this retrospective study.All patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy with an internal tamponade using Densiron 68 HSO.Anatomical and functional results and complications were evaluated,including retinal status,visual acuity(VA),intraocular pressure(IOP),intraocular inflammation,lens opacity,and HSO emulsification.RESULTS:Allthepatients were followed up for 3mo to1y(5.8±1.16mo).Retinal reattachment was achieved in 19of 21 patients(90.5%).VA improved in 18 of 21 patients(85.7%),from 1.93 logMAR(±0.48)to 1.52 logMAR(±0.45)(P=0.001).Postoperative complications included early dispersion of HSO in 7 eyes(38.8%),cataract in 10 of 18phakic eyes(55.5%),moderate postoperative inflammation reaction in 10 eyes(47.6%),and elevated IOP in 5 eyes(23.8%),all of which were controlled by medication or by surgery.CONCLUSION:Highanatomical and functional success rates can be achieved with primary vitrectomy for complicated RD by using Densiron 68 HSO;however,it should not be ignored that Densiron 68 HSO can cause some complications in the eye.

Concurrent removal of intravitreal lens fragments after phacoemulsification with pars plana vitrectomy prevents development of retinal detachment

AIM: To evaluate the outcomes of "concurrent vitrectomy" to retrieve dislocated lens fragment during phacoemulsification.METHODS: In a retrospective, observational case series, data of patients who underwent "concurrent" pars plana vitrectomy(PPV) for dislocated lens fragments between the period 2000 and 2008 were reviewed. Data collected included patient demographics, pre-operative visual acuity, intra-operative occurrence of retinal breaks, duration of follow up, post-operative intraocular pressure, final best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),presence of cystoid macular edema(CME) and occurrence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD).· RESULTS: A total of 58 eyes of 58 patients were included in the study. At 12 mo the mean postoperative BCVA was log MAR 0.17(20/30) with a range of log MAR0 to 0.69(20/20 to 20/100), with 96.6%(56/58) of patients showing post- operative improvement in visual acuity(P =0.005). None of the patients developed postoperative retinal detachment, endophthalmitis or non-resolving uveitis at 12 mo.CONCLUSION: Our study results suggest concurrent PPV for retained lens fragments after cataract surgery is beneficial and may decrease the risk of glaucoma and prevent development of RRD.

Reliability of the ocular trauma score for the predictability of traumatic and post-traumatic retinal detachment after open globe injury

AIM: To elucidate the question of whether the ocular trauma score(OTS) and the zones of injury could be used as a predictive model of traumatic and post traumatic retinal detachment(RD) in patients with open globe injury(OGI).METHODS: A retrospective observational chart analysis of OGI patients was performed. The collected variables consisted of age, date, gender, time of injury, time until repair, mechanism of injury, zone of injury, injury associated vitreous hemorrhage, trauma associated RD, post traumatic RD, aphakia at injury, periocular trauma and OTS in cases of OGI. RESULTS: Totally 102 patients with traumatic OGI with a minimum of 12 mo follow-up and a median age at of 48.6 y(range: 3-104 y) were identified. Final best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) was independent from the time of repair, yet a statistically significant difference was present between the final BCVA and the zone of injury. Severe trauma presenting with an OTS score Ⅰ(P<0.0001) or Ⅱ(P<0.0001) revealed a significantly worse BCVA at last follow up when compared to the cohort with an OTS score >Ⅲ. OGI associated RD was observed in 36/102 patients(35.3%), whereas post traumatic RD(defined as RD following 14 d after OGI) occurred in 37 patients(36.3%). OGI associated RD did not correlate with the OTS and the zone of injury(P=0.193), yet post traumatic RD correlated significantly with zone Ⅲ injuries(P=0.013). CONCLUSION: The study shows a significant association between lower OTS score and zone Ⅲ injury with lower final BCVA and a higher number of surgeries, but only zone Ⅲ could be significantly associated with a higher rate of RD.

Comment on concurrent removal of intravitreal lens fragments after phacoemulsification with pars plana vitrectomy prevents development of retinal detachment

I read with interest the article entitled ＂Concurrent removal of intravitreal lens fragments afterphacoemulsification with pars plana vitrectomy prevents development of retinal detachment＂ by Chalam et al . In this study, none of the patients developed retinal detachment （RD） during the one-year follow-up after concurrent removal lens fragments following phacoemulsification with pars plana vitrectomy （PPV）. The authors suggested that concurrent PPV for retained lens fragments after cataract surgery might prevent development of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment （RRD）, because early PPV prevents development of intraocular inflammation and inhibits vitreous contraction, a common cause of retinal tears and detachment.

Ciliary body detachment after secondary intraocular lens implantation in childhood

Dear Sir,Iam Dr.Li-Na Meng,from the Qingdao Eye Hospital,Shandong Eye Institute,Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences,Qingdao,China.I want to present a rare case of secondary intraocular lens(IOL)implantation in an11-year-old boy who developed the complication of ciliary body detachment.When he was 2 years old,the boy underwent bilateral cataract extraction for congenital cataract in the other

孔源性视网膜脱离玻璃体切割术后发生高眼压的相关分析

目的:探讨孔源性视网膜脱离(RRD)行玻璃体切割术(PPV)后发生高眼压的比例、特点及危险因素。方法:本研究系回顾性队列研究。纳入2021年1月—2023年6月因RRD于我院行PPV的患者523例,术后眼压≥25mmHg即定义为术后发生高眼压。采用t检验、χ^(2)检验、回归分析、Kaplan-Meier生存曲线分析相关危险因素及特点。结果:RRD行PPV术后1个月内发生高眼压的比例为56.6%,术后高眼压与低龄、玻璃体腔填充硅油、合并脉络膜脱离相关(P<0.05)。术后随访至3个月,Kaplan-Meier生存曲线图分析结果显示,玻璃体填充硅油与填充全氟丙烷相比有差异,单纯孔源性视网膜脱离与脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离相比有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:RRD行PPV术后1个月内高眼压发生率为56.6%,低龄、玻璃体腔填充硅油、合并脉络膜脱离是术后高眼压的危险因素。填充硅油、合并脉络膜脱离者术后发生高眼压速率更快,这类患者术后应更加重视监测眼压。

Long-term vision-threatening complications of phakic intraocular lens implantation for high myopia

AIMTo report the long-term vision-threatening complications in patients who underwent phakic intraocular lens (pIOLs) implantation for high myopia.

可折叠球囊在视网膜脱离患者治疗中的应用

目的观察可折叠球囊治疗视网膜脱离(RD)的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至2021年12月于中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第九八八医院接受可折叠顶压球囊(FCB)治疗的32例单纯孔源性RD(RRD)患者(FCB组)和接受可折叠人工玻璃体球囊(FCVB)治疗的68例严重眼外伤和硅油依赖眼伴RD患者(FCVB组)的临床资料,术后随访12个月,观察最佳矫正视力、眼压、视网膜复位情况及并发症发生情况。结果FCB组和FCVB组患者术后最佳矫正视力均优于术前,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。FCB组和FCVB组患者术前眼压分别为(14.26±2.05)mmHg(1 kPa=7.5 mmHg)、(28.34±3.17)mmHg,术后眼压分别为(15.19±3.02)mmHg和(10.82±3.79)mmHg,两组患者术前与术后眼压相比差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。术后两组患者视网膜均成功复位,均未见与FCB、FCVB相关的严重并发症发生。结论可折叠球囊治疗RD安全、有效。

玻璃体切割术结合巩膜扣带术治疗眼球内异物伴视网膜脱离的临床疗效

目的探讨玻璃体切割术结合巩膜扣带术治疗眼球内异物伴视网膜脱离的临床疗效。方法选取2016年4月至2021年4月建湖建阳眼科医院眼科收治的60例眼球内异物伴视网膜脱离患者作为研究对象,按照随机掷骰子法分为常例组与结合组,每组30例。常例组行单一玻璃体切割术治疗,结合组在常例组基础上联合巩膜扣带术治疗。比较两组最佳视力水平(BCVA)、眼压情况、并发症发生率、术视网膜复位率、脱离复发率及治疗认可度。结果治疗后3、6个月,结合组BCVA(LogMAR)均高于常例组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后3、6个月,结合组眼压均低于常例组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗6个月后,结合组并发症发生率为6.67%,低于常例组的30.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组视网膜复位成功率比较差异无统计学意义;结合组脱离复发率为3.33%,低于常例组的26.67%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结合组治疗认可度为100.00%,高于常例组的80.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论玻璃体切割术结合巩膜扣带术治疗眼球内异物伴视网膜脱离有利于快速提高患者BCVA,降低并发症发生率及术后脱离复发风险,视网膜复位良好,利于术后恢复,患者对治疗的认可度更高,值得临床推广应用。

玻璃体切割硅油填塞术后眼压变化分析

目的观察玻璃体切割硅油填塞术后的眼压变化,并探讨其可能原因。方法对45例(45眼)玻璃体切割硅油填塞术后患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,高眼压标准为术后眼压≥24 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)。结果 22例(48.9%)患者出现高眼压,以术后早期(术后2周内)为多(17/22,77.3%)。所有患者经降眼压药物治疗及调整激素用量或停用激素处理后,眼压均控制在正常范围。高眼压组与非高眼压组性别、年龄、病程、屈光度及硅油填充量比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论高眼压是玻璃体切割硅油填充术后常见的并发症,术后眼内组织水肿、葡萄膜炎反应和频繁使用激素类滴眼液等可能是引起高眼压的主要原因。

玻璃体切除治疗眼内异物继发视网膜脱离

目的 探讨眼内异物继发视网膜脱离的临床特点 ,评价玻璃体切除手术的治疗效果。方法 回顾性分析 1999年2月～ 2 0 0 2年 10月期间 3 2例经玻璃体切除手术治疗的眼内异物继发视网膜脱离的病例资料。结果 本组 3 2例 (3 4眼 )均成功摘出异物 ,3 0例 (3 0眼 )占 88.2 4% ,术后视力得到不同程度的提高或稳定在术前水平 ,视网膜复位 2 9例 ,占 85 .2 9% .结论 玻璃体牵引、裂孔形成是眼内异物继发视网膜脱离的关键。玻璃体切除手术可成功地摘出眼内异物 ,有效地处理视网膜脱离等并发症。

玻璃体手术治疗复杂眼后段异物81例

目的:总结玻璃体手术治疗不同原因所致复杂眼后段异物的视力后果,分析受伤原因对视力的影响。方法:回顾性分析2001-01/2002-12经玻璃体手术治疗的复杂眼后段异物81例(87眼)的临床资料。按照受伤原因分为敲击伤36例(36眼)、爆炸伤37例(43眼)和其它外伤8例(8眼)引起的眼后段异物3组。结果:87眼均为复杂的眼后段异物。主要并发症包括外伤性白内障49眼,眼内炎9眼,视网膜脱离19眼,视网膜裂孔12眼,玻璃体积血43眼。玻璃体手术后:70眼(81%)视力提高,14眼(16%)视力不变,3眼(3%)视力下降;其中0.02以上40眼(46%),0.2以上34眼(39%)。术前无光感9眼中,4眼恢复光感以上视力。敲击伤和爆炸伤组术后的视力均好于术前的视力(P <0.05),敲击伤所致眼内异物的术后视力效果明显好于爆炸伤和其它原因所致眼内异物的视力(P <0.01)。结论:经过及时、恰当的玻璃体手术治疗,多数复杂的眼内异物的患者可得到相当的视力,其中敲击伤所致眼内异物效果较好。

军人眼外伤基层医院救治情况调查

目的了解军人发生眼外伤后,在基层医院的救治情况及常见的误诊、漏诊情况。方法回顾性分析2002年1月1日-2008年12月31日在21所团级医院就诊的953例眼外伤病例;调查军人眼外伤患者在基层医院的诊治过程,包括首次手术的时间、延迟手术的原因、误诊疾病的种类及原因等情况。采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析。结果眼球开放伤的缝合率为89.9%(98/109),其中伤后24h内行一期缝合的占62.4%(68/109),延期手术的常见原因为转诊耽搁。眼球闭合伤的首次手术时间以Ⅲ区间隔时间最长。容易误诊的疾病包括视网膜脱离、视神经损伤、球内异物以及伪盲。结论为提高我军基层医院的卫勤保障能力,眼外伤发生后救治的时效性需进一步加强。基层医生对视网膜脱离、视神经损伤、球内异物以及伪盲的认识需要进一步提高。

25G辅助巩膜外加压术治疗硅油眼视网膜脱离的疗效观察

目的:观察25G辅助巩膜外加压术治疗硅油眼视网膜脱离的疗效。方法:回顾性分析硅油填充术后出现视网膜脱离的患者15例15眼行25G辅助直视下巩膜外加压术后3~6mo患者的视网膜复位、最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)及眼压情况。结果:术前患者15例15眼均存在3∶00~9∶00位范围内的视网膜脱离;术后视网膜解剖复位13例13眼,未复位2例2眼。术后1mo最佳矫正视力提高1行以上者11例11眼,视力变化1行以内者3例3眼,视力下降1行以上者1例1眼。术后早期部分患者存在眼压升高现象,药物控制后可恢复正常。结论:25G辅助直视下巩膜外加压术治疗硅油眼视网膜脱离疗效确切。