Gravity anomaly before the Leshan M5.0 earthquake?

The North-South Seismic Belt was analyzed using gravity observation data from 2011 to 2015, and the nontidal analysis results show that there was a nonlinear gravity change at both the Chengdu and Guza seismostations one month before the Leshan M5.0 earthquake.

Using Airgun Source Signals to Study Regional Wave Velocity Changes before and after the Yunlong M_S5.0 and Yangbi M_S5.1 Earthquakes

On the basis of the airgun source signals recorded by the stations from January,2016 to June,2017,we use cross-correlation detection technology to obtain the characteristics of the stable phase travel time change of each station.We used the Yunlong MS5.0 and Yangbi MS5.1 earthquakes as samples.According to regional characteristics,13 stations with high signal-to-noise ratios and complete data were selected(including 3 fixed stations and 10 active source stations).They are divided into four regions,and on the basis of the GNSS baseline data,the characteristics of regional wave velocity changes before and after the earthquake are analyzed.The results show that the station phase travel time change and the regional stress characteristics represented by the GNSS baseline data have good correlation in the short-term.Due to different degrees of regional stress,there are differences in the travel time changes of different stations in the four regions.Before the Yunlong MS5.0 and Yangbi MS5.1 earthquakes,with regional stress adjustment,there is an upward trend in the travel time changes of related stations in the adjacent areas of up to 0.02 s.The difference is that there are differences in the time nodes and duration of the travel time anomalies,and there is a reverse descent process after the Yangbi MS5.1 earthquake.There are different degrees of travel time fluctuations in the relevant stations before and after the two earthquakes,but the fluctuation range before and after the earthquake was small.Compared with the water level change of the reservoir,the adjustment of the regional stress is more likely to have a substantial impact on the travel time changes of the relevant stations.

2017年阿拉善左旗5.0级地震地磁垂直分量日变化低点时间时空演化特征

2017年4月21日中国大陆出现地磁低点位移异常,异常出现后43天,于6月3日在低点位移分界线附近发生阿拉善左旗5.0级地震。文中采用克里格方法对中国大陆低点时间数据进行插值处理,获取地磁异常的4月21日和正常的4月7日Z分量低点时间等值线,结果显示:(1)异常日期间蒙宁陕交汇处存在低点时间等值线高梯度区,地震发生于高梯度区域边缘;(2)若以低点时间13 h的等值线作为低点位移分界线,则该分界线穿过震中位置;(3)异常日期间,震中距500 km范围以内分界线两侧台站Z分量日变形态差异性大,存在显著的分区特征。

巨大地震前一种与活动地块相关联的5级地震异常活动现象

通过对中国大陆1900年以来所有的12次M≥7.7地震前5级地震活动特征进行详细的研究和分析,包括分析发生的5级以上地震距未来巨大地震的时间间隔,5级以上地震发震位置和未来巨大地震位置的关系。结果表明,在M≥7.7地震前1年内,在600km范围内至少发生1次5级以上地震。发生的5级地震位置一般在未来M≥7.7地震所在的活动地块同一边或对边。研究认为,无论未来M≥7.7地震前5级以上地震是活跃还是平静状态,这一现象都存在,具有普适性特点。

2019年9月16日张掖5.0级地震前多尺度电磁异常现象

2019年9月16日甘肃张掖发生5.0级地震,地震发生前既有空间范围跨度较大的地磁低点位移异常,也有单台电磁扰动异常;既有震前2年开始出现的山丹台视电阻率的年变形态畸变,也有震前3个月之内出现的高台钻孔应变和高台大庄低频电磁扰动异常。本次地震震级不高却记录到丰富的电磁场的异常信号,表明该地区处于地震电磁异常的敏感区。高台钻孔应变在震前观测到同步的异常变化,揭示孕震区应力状态发生了显著的变化。

华北地区地震空区的统计分析

对华北地区1970—2017年出现的地震空区采用统一的识别标准进行全时空清理研究,结果表明,华北地区M≥5地震前出现空区的比例为36.7%,且华北地区ML≥3.0地震空区的持续时间与主震震级存在一定的线性正相关关系,但长轴尺度、起始震级与主震震级的线性关系不明显;报准率为0.76,虚报率为0.24,漏报率为0.60,R值为0.32,高于具有97.5%置信水平的R0值,表明地震空区这种预测方法在华北地区具有较好的预报效果。

华东地区5级以上地震时间分布特征及预测预警模型研究

系统分析了华东地区1900年1月-2016年12月5级以上地震目录,对其中M≥5.0,M≥5.5,M≥6.0的三个震级档的地震间隔时间进行详细地研究。同时,基于Weibull分布,构建了华东地区上述三个震级档的Weibull概率预测模型,建立了具有概率预测水平的三级预测预警指标,对未来华东地区5级以上地震的趋势做出判断。

2019年甘肃张掖5.0级、夏河5.7级地震前地磁低点位移时空分布特征

2019年甘肃张掖5.0级、夏河5.7级地震前中国大陆均有明显的“地磁低点位移”现象出现,2次地震震中均位于低点位移线出现明显转折的区域。通过对2次低点位移异常日中国大陆地磁台站低点时间进行梯度法分析,研究了2次中强地震震中位置与低点时间高梯度带分布间的关系。研究结果表明:①在2次低点位移异常日都同步出现了地磁垂直分量低点时间高梯度带分布;②2次中强地震震中位置均位于低点位移线出现明显转折处和低点时间高梯度带1.0 h/(°)等值线附近;③利用低点时间梯度法对低点位移异常进行分析有利于改进原有异常识别方法,较少虚报率。