The role of tazarotene-induced gene 1 in carcinogenesis:is it a tumor suppressor gene or an oncogene?

Tazarotene-induced gene 1(TIG1)is induced by a derivative of vitamin A and is known to regulate many important biological processes and control the development of cancer.TIG1 is widely expressed in various tissues;yet in many cancer tissues,it is not expressed because of the methylation of its promoter.Additionally,the expression of TIG1 in cancer cells inhibits their growth and invasion,suggesting that TIG1 acts as a tumor suppressor gene.However,in some cancers,poor prognosis is associated with TIG1 expression,indicating its protumor growth characteristics,especially in promoting the invasion of inflammatory breast cancer cells.This review comprehensively summarizes the roles of the TIG1 gene in cancer development and details the mechanisms through which TIG1 regulates cancer development,with the aim of understanding its various roles in cancer development.

Inactivation of RASSF1A, the tumor suppressor gene at 3p21.3 in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

AIM: To evaluate the genetic and epigenetic inactivation mechanism of the RASSF1A tumor suppressor gene at 3p21.3 in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. METHODS: RT-PCR was used to investigate the transcriptional expressing and re-expression of RASSFIA. RASSFIA mutation was analyzed with SSCP and selective sequencing. PCR was performed to detect the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the region of chromosome 3p21.3. Genomic DNA were modificated bisulfite and the frequency of methylation of CpG islands in RASSFIA promoter were evaluated by methylation specific PCR (MS-PCR). RESULTS: In all 48 samples and one cell lines of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, the RASSFIA mutation is rare (6.12%, 3/49), 33 samples (68.75%) and QBC-939 cell lines (X2= 14.270, P= 0.001<0.01) showed RASSFIA express inactivation with LOH at microsatellite loci D3S4604. Among these 33 samples and QBC-939, 28 of 33 (84.85%) tumor samples and 1 cell lines were methylated for majority of 16 CpGs, the average frequency is 73.42%. CONCLUSION: The data we present suggest that RASSFIA which we have been searching for at 3p21.3 may be one of the key tumor suppressor gene and play an important role in the pathogenesis of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, and the promoter methylation and allelic loss are the major mechanism for inactivation of RASSFIA.

Up-regulation of a homeodomain-leucine zipper gene HD-1 contributes to trichome initiation and development in cotton

Plant trichomes originate from epidermal cells.In this work,we demonstrated that a homeodomain-leucine zipper(HD-Zip)gene,Gh_A06G1283(Gh HD-1A),was related to the leaf trichome trait in allotetraploid cotton and could be a candidate gene for the T_1 locus.The ortholog of GhHD-1A in the hairless accession Gossypium barbadense cv.Hai7124 was interrupted by a long terminal repeat(LTR)retrotransposon,while GhHD-1A worked well in the hairy accession Gossypium hirsutum acc.T586.Sequence and phylogenetic analysis showed that GhHD-1A belonged to the HD-Zip IV gene family,which mainly regulated epidermis hair development in plants.Silencing of GhHD-1A and its homoeologs GhHD-1D in allotetraploid T586and Hai7124 could significantly reduce the density of leaf hairs and affect the expression levels of other genes related to leaf trichome formation.Further analysis found that GhHD-1A mainly regulated trichome initiation on the upper epidermal hairs of leaves in cotton,while the up-regulated expression of GhHD-1A in different organs/tissues also altered epidermal trichome development.This study not only helps to unravel the important roles of GhHD-1A in regulating trichome initiation in cotton,but also provides a reference for exploring the different forms of trichome development in plants.

Prokaryotic expression, purification of a novel candidate tumor suppressor gene FUS1 and characterization of its polyclonal antibodies

FUS1 is a novel candidate tumor suppressor gene identified in human chromosome 3p21.3. Its expression showed significantly reduction or even loss in lung cancer and other types of cancers. In order to further investigate the biological function of FUS1 protein, FUS1 cDNA from MRC-5 cells was amplified by RT-PCR and cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pQE-30. The recombinant expression plasmids were transformed into M15 strain and grown at 20℃ or 37℃. SDS–PAGE analysis revealed that the accumulation of the recombinant protein FUS1 (rFUS1) in inclusion body forms reached maxium amount when induced with 0.5 mM IPTG for 5 h at 37℃. The inclusion bodies were solubilized in 2M urea and purified by a 6 &#215;His tagged affinity column under denaturing condition. The purified rFUS1 was identified by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and tested for purity by HPLC chromatography. The purified rFUS1 proteins were then used to immunize rabbits to obtain anti-human FUS1 polyclonal antibodies, which were suitable to detect both the recombinant exogenous FUS1 and the endogenous FUS1 from tissues and cells by western blot and immunohistochemistry, Available purified rFUS1 proteins and self-prepared polyclonal antibodies against FUS1 may provide effective tools for further studies on biological function and application of FUS1.

Assessment of pathogenicity and functional characterization of APPL1 gene mutations in diabetic patients

BACKGROUND Adaptor protein,phosphotyrosine interacting with PH domain and leucine zipper 1(APPL1)plays a crucial role in regulating insulin signaling and glucose metabolism.Mutations in the APPL1 gene have been associated with the development of maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 14(MODY14).Currently,only two mutations[c.1655T>A(p.Leu552*)and c.281G>A p.(Asp94Asn)]have been identified in association with this disease.Given the limited understanding of MODY14,it is imperative to identify additional cases and carry out comprehensive research on MODY14 and APPL1 mutations.AIM To assess the pathogenicity of APPL1 gene mutations in diabetic patients and to characterize the functional role of the APPL1 domain.METHODS Patients exhibiting clinical signs and a medical history suggestive of MODY were screened for the study.Whole exome sequencing was performed on the patients as well as their family members.The pathogenicity of the identified APPL1 variants was predicted on the basis of bioinformatics analysis.In addition,the pathogenicity of the novel APPL1 variant was preliminarily evaluated through in vitro functional experiments.Finally,the impact of these variants on APPL1 protein expression and the insulin pathway were assessed,and the potential mechanism underlying the interaction between the APPL1 protein and the insulin receptor was further explored.RESULTS A total of five novel mutations were identified,including four missense mutations(Asp632Tyr,Arg633His,Arg532Gln,and Ile642Met)and one intronic mutation(1153-16A>T).Pathogenicity prediction analysis revealed that the Arg532Gln was pathogenic across all predictions.The Asp632Tyr and Arg633His variants also had pathogenicity based on MutationTaster.In addition,multiple alignment of amino acid sequences showed that the Arg532Gln,Asp632Tyr,and Arg633His variants were conserved across different species.Moreover,in in vitro functional experiments,both the c.1894G>T(at Asp632Tyr)and c.1595G>A(at Arg532Gln)mutations were found to downregulate the expression of APPL1 on both protein and mRNA levels,indicating their pathogenic nature.Therefore,based on the patient’s clinical and family history,combined with the results from bioinformatics analysis and functional experiment,the c.1894G>T(at Asp632Tyr)and c.1595G>A(at Arg532Gln)mutations were classified as pathogenic mutations.Importantly,all these mutations were located within the phosphotyrosinebinding domain of APPL1,which plays a critical role in the insulin sensitization effect.CONCLUSION This study provided new insights into the pathogenicity of APPL1 gene mutations in diabetes and revealed a potential target for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Effects of multiple tumor suppressor 1 on the proliferation of human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells

objective: To investigate the effects of multiple tumor suppressor 1 on the proliferation of ovarian cancer cell lines. Methods: Growth characteristics of HO-8910 (without p16 gene expression ), 8910-p16 (trans fected with p16 gene) and 8910-pcDNA3 (transfected with the vector pcDNA3) cells were studied by comparison of the cell growth curves. DNA synthesis was also compared among the 3 kinds of cells. Results: After trans fected with p16 gene, the 8910-p16 cells were markedly inhibited in both the proliferation and DNA synthesis. There was no significant difference between the 8910-pcDNA3 cells and the HO-8910 cells. Conclusion: Multiple tumor suppressor 1 can inhibit the proliferation and DNA synthesis of human ovarian cancer HO-8910 cells.

Identification of a constitutional mutation in the WT1 gene in Taiwan Residents patients with Wilms tumor

The overall frequency of WT1 gene alterations in Wilms tumor is still unclear in Taiwan. Here we conducted molecular genetic analysis of the WT1 gene in Taiwan Residents patients with Wilms tumor. Polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing were performed on DNA samples from blood and paraffin-embedded tumor specimens. A constitutional mutation in the WT1 gene was found in one DNA sample from peripheral blood lymphocytes. The remaining DNA samples from peripheral blood lymphocytes and paraffin-embedded tumor specimens were tested negative for both constitutional mutations and somatic mutations. Thus, mutations at other Wilms tumor loci may play an important role in Wilms tumor development.

LZTS2、FN1、miR-146a与甲状腺癌临床病理参数关系研究

目的 分析甲状腺癌组织中亮氨酸拉链肿瘤抑制因子2(LZTS2)、纤连蛋白1(FN1)、微小核糖核酸-146a(miR-146a)差异表达及与临床病理参数的关系。方法 选取2021年1月至2022年12月安徽皖北煤电集团总医院收治的109例甲状腺癌患者作为研究对象。所选患者均接受甲状腺次全切除术或全切除术,并收集患者术中切除的部分癌旁组织和癌组织,比较癌组织和癌旁组织及不同临床病理参数患者癌组织中LZTS2、FN1、miR-146a表达,并分析癌组织中上述各指标之间的相关性。结果 甲状腺癌患者癌组织中LZTS2阳性表达率低于癌旁组织(P<0.05),而FN1阳性表达率及miR-146a表达高于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。与Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、无淋巴结转移者比,LZTS2在Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、有淋巴结转移者癌组织中的阳性表达率更低,FN1阳性表达率及miR-146a表达更高(P<0.05)。癌组织中LZTS2与FN1及miR-146a呈负相关,FN1与miR-146a呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 甲状腺癌中LZTS2呈低表达,而FN1及miR-146a呈高表达,这些改变可能参与甲状腺癌发生发展过程。

Changes of p53 and Waf1p21 and cell proliferation in esophageal carcinogenesis

AIM To study the correlationship between the changes of p53, Waf1p21 and the cell proliferation determined by PCNA at different stages of human esophageal carcinogenesis. METHODS Biopsied and resected esophageal tissues from a high risk population for esophageal cancer in northern China were used in this study. All the specimens were fixed with 85% alcohol and further processed with routine histology. The avidin biotin peroxidase complex (ABC) method was used for the detection of p53, Waf1p21 and PCNA. RESULTS The strong nuclear staining for p53, Waf1p21 and PCNA was observed in the normal esophageal epithelium and the epithelia with different severities of lesions. As the lesions progressed to dysplasia (DYS) and to esophageal squamons cell carcinoma (SCC), the percentage of Waf1p21 immunoreactivity decreased. The number of Waf1p21 immunostaining positive cells increased slightly from normal to basal cell hyperplasia (BCH), but there was no further increase in DYS and in SCC. The total number of positive cells for Waf1p21 stain appeared to be lower than that of p53 in normal and BCH esophageal epithelia and much lower in DYS and SCC. The Waf1p21 positive immunostaining cells were located at the third and forth cell layers in half of the samples examined, which was 2～4 cell layers higher than that of PCNA and p53 in the same histological categories of normal, BCH and DYS. CLNCLUSION The low levels of Waf1p21 at the stage of DYS may be related to a functional loss of p53. Other mechanisms may also be responsible to the lack of Waf1p21 expression in DYS and SCC.

Study on RIZ1 gene promoter methylation status in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM： To investigate the promoter region methylation status of retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene 1 （RIZ1） in the human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC） cell lines and tissues and verify the relationship between methylation of RIZ1 and oncogen- esis, tumor progression and metastasis etc of ESCC. METHODS： Methylation-specific polymerase chain reac- tion （MSP） was used to investigate the promoter region methylation status of RIZ1 in 6 ESCC cell lines. One cell line where RIZ1 promoter region methylation was de- tected was selected for the next study, where the cell line was treated with 5-aza-CdR. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to investigate its influence on the transcription of RIZ1. Experiments using frozenpathological specimens from 47 ESCC patients were performed using the same MSP methodology. RESULTS： Promoter methylation of RIZ1 gene was detected in TEl3, CaEs17 and EC109 cell lines and the cell line TEl3 was chosen for further study. The expression of RIZl mRNA in TE-13 was up-regulated after treatment with 5-aza-CdR. The rate of methyla- tion in carcinomas tissues was significantly higher than those in matched neighboring normal and distal ending normal tissue, and the deviation of data was statisti- cally significant （2,2 = 24.136, P 〈 0.01）. Analysis of the gender, age familial history, tumour deviation, tumour saturation, lymph gland displacement and clinical stag- ing of 47 samples from ESCC patients showed that the fluctuation of data was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION： Promoter methylation may play an im- portant role in the epigenetic silencing of RIZ1 gene expression in human ESCC. RIZ1 is considered to be a potential tumor suppressor gene and may be a biologi- cal parameter for testing early stage human ESCC.

Interaction of Human Genes WT1 and CML28 in Leukemic Cells

The molecular pathogenesis of leukemia is poorly understood. Earlier studies have shown both Wilms＇ tumor 1 suppressor gene （WT1） and CML28 abnormally expressed in malignant diseases of the hematopoietic system and WT1 played an important role in leukemogenesis. However, the rela- tionship between molecular CML28 and WT1 has not been reported. Here we described the use of small interfering RNA （siRNA） against WT1 and CML28 in leukemic cell line K562 to examine the interac- tion between CML28 and WT1. WT1 and CML28 gene expression in transfected K562 cells was de- tected by using RQ-PCR and Western blotting. K562 cells transfected with WTI-siRNA could greatly decrease both mRNA and protein expression levels of WT1 and CML28. In contrast, CML28-siRNA did not exert effect on WT1. Further, subcellular co-localization assay showed that the two proteins could co-localize in the cytoplasm of K562 cells, but WT1/CML28 complexes were not detected by us- ing immunoprecipitation. It was suggested that there exists the relationship between CML28 and WT1. CML28 may be a downstream target molecule of WT1 and regulated by WT1, which will provide im- portant clues for further study on the role of CML28 and WT1 in leukemic cells.

EXPRESSION OF NM23-H1 GENE PRODUCT IN NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE

Objective: The nm23 gene is one of the tumor metastatic suppressor genes. The expression of nm23H1 has been reported to be inversely associated with metastatic potentiality in a number of human carcinomas, including breast, colorectal, gastric, hepatocellular and gallbladder carcinomas. In this study, the immunohistochemical staining of nm23H1 protein in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) was examined, and the relationship between nm23H1 and both metastasis and prognosis of patients with NPC was also investigated. Methods: Routine LSAB immunohistochemistry with the nm23H1 monoclonal murine antibody was employed to study the expression of nm23H1 protein in 95 paraffinembedded specimens of NPC treated at our hospital. The clinical pathologic data and results of followup were also retrieved. Comparisons between patients with and without expression of nm23H1 protein with respect to metastasis, locoregional recurrence and survival were performed using Log rank test. Multivariate prognostic analyses were performed by using Cox's regression model. Results: Nm23H1 negative expressive tumors were associated with a higher incidence of lymphnode metastasis (86.7%) than those of nm23H1 positive (48.6%, P<0.01). Nm23H1 negative expressive tumors were associated with a high incidence of recurrence and distant metastasis after radiotherapy (P<0.05). A significant association was found between expression of nm23H1 and prognosis (P<0.01). The expression of nm23H1 indicated favorable prognosis. Conclusion: It was suggested that nm23 H1 negative expression was significantly associated with lymphnode metastasis, recurrence and distant metastasis. Nm23H1 may have value for predicting the prognosis of NPC.

组蛋白H2A去泛素化酶BAP1对恶性胶质瘤细胞发生发展的作用及临床应用价值研究

目的探索乳腺癌/卵巢癌易感基因1相关蛋白1(breast/ovarian cancer susceptibility gene 1 associated protein 1,BAP1)对人源恶性胶质瘤发生、发展的作用与BAP1作为恶性胶质瘤临床诊断标志物的可行性。方法基于基因表达综合数据库(gene expression omnibus,GEO)的子数据集GSE4290,GSE90598,分析BAP1在正常组织及胶质瘤组织中的差异性表达情况;受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析BAP1对恶性胶质瘤的早期诊断价值;选取自主收集的非配对28例恶性胶质瘤患者的原发灶组织、5例颅脑外伤患者内减压术切除的非瘤脑组织,采用实时荧光定量PCR(quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction,qRT-PCR)检测BAP1的表达水平;利用靶向BAP1的特异性小干扰RNAs(small interfering RNAs,siRNAs)瞬时转染U251细胞系,进一步检测其干涉效率;基于流式细胞仪分析BAP1下调的U251细胞系,其细胞周期、凋亡的变化情况。结果生物信息学结果显示,BAP1在恶性胶质瘤组织中的表达水平均低于正常脑组织(GSE4290:1209±18.49 vs 1476±53.90;GSE90598:5.19±0.10 vs 5.65±0.21),差异具有统计学意义(t=5.115,2.267,均P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,BAP1可高效区分恶性胶质瘤组织与正常脑组织(GSE4290:AUC=0.78;GSE90598:AUC=0.75,均P<0.05)。临床标本结果显示,BAP1在恶性胶质瘤原发灶组织中的表达水平显著低于非瘤脑组织(0.27±0.04 vs 1.06±0.07),差异具有统计学意义(t=10.22,P<0.001)。在U251细胞系中下调BAP1的表达,其细胞周期中S期细胞比例明显增多,由17.59%分别增至27.21%(siBAP1-1)和25.79%(siBAP1-2),差异具有统计学意义(t=6.576,6.642,均P<0.01),而细胞凋亡水平则有所下降,由10.17%分别降至2.70%(siBAP-1)和3.00%(siBAP-2),差异具有统计学意义(t=10.31,9.428,均P<0.01)。结论组蛋白H2A去泛素化酶BAP1能够通过抑制恶性胶质瘤细胞周期快速进展并促进其凋亡,进而发挥肿瘤抑癌基因的功能,可作为潜在的恶性胶质瘤临床诊断标志物。

Hp、RASAL2、CDH1及TP53对胃癌前病变与早期胃癌的鉴别诊断价值

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌(Hp)、RAS蛋白激活样因子2(RASAL2)、钙黏蛋白1(CDH1)及肿瘤抑制基因P53(TP53)对胃癌前病变与早期胃癌的鉴别诊断价值。方法选取2021年6月至2023年6月收治的早期胃癌52例,根据1:1选例原则另选取同期胃癌前病变52例、胃炎52例,分别纳入胃癌组、癌前组、胃炎组。比较3组及不同病理特征的早期胃癌患者Hp、RASAL2、CDH1、TP53阳性表达率,比较胃癌组Hp阳性、阴性患者RASAL2、CDH1、TP53阳性表达率,采用Spearman相关分析探讨各指标阳性表达与早期胃癌患者部分病理特征的相关性,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析联合检测对早期胃癌及胃癌前病变的鉴别诊断价值。结果3组Hp、CDH1、TP53阳性表达率胃癌组>癌前组>胃炎组,RASAL2阳性表达率胃癌组<癌前组<胃炎组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。胃癌组Hp阳性患者CDH1、TP53阳性表达率高于Hp阴性患者,RASAL2阳性表达率低于Hp阴性患者(P<0.05,P<0.01);早期胃癌患者Hp、RASAL2、CDH1、TP53阳性表达率在肿瘤浸润深度及淋巴结转移方面比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。Hp、CDH1、TP53阳性表达与早期胃癌肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移均呈正相关,RASAL2阳性表达与之呈负相关(P<0.01)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,Hp、RASAL2、CDH1、TP53联合诊断胃癌前病变的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.904(95%CI:0.846,0.945),联合诊断早期胃癌的AUC为0.894(95%CI:0.819,0.946)。结论Hp、CDH1、TP53在早期胃癌组织中阳性表达率较高,RASAL2阳性表达率较低,联合检测对胃癌前病变及早期胃癌具有一定鉴别诊断价值,可作为临床鉴别诊断胃癌前病变、早期胃癌的辅助指标。

肿瘤转移抑制基因KiSS-1和基质金属蛋白酶-9在肝细胞癌门静脉癌栓中的表达

背景与目的:肿瘤转移抑制基因KiSS-1与恶性肿瘤的转移具有一定关系,但它与肝细胞癌的转移特别是与门静脉癌栓形成的关系罕有报道。本实验探讨KiSS-1基因在门静脉癌栓形成中的作用及机制。方法:应用RT-PCR法和免疫组化方法检测50例肝细胞癌组织及11例门静脉癌栓组织中KiSS-1基因和基质金属蛋白酶-9(matrix metalloproteinase-9,MMP-9)的表达。结果:门静脉癌栓组、伴癌栓肝细胞癌组、不伴癌栓肝细胞癌组中KiSS-1基因的mRNA阳性率分别为18.2%(2/11)、16.1%(5/31)、63.2%(12/19),蛋白阳性率分别为0%(0/11)、12.9%(4/31)、47.4%(9/19),癌栓组和伴癌栓肝细胞癌组的KiSSmRNA和蛋白阳性率均明显低于不伴癌栓肝细胞癌组(P<0.05),而癌栓组与伴癌栓肝细胞癌组之间的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。各组中MMP-9mRNA的阳性率分别为72.7%(8/11)、77.4%(24/31)、31.6%(6/19),MMP-9蛋白的阳性率分别为81.8%(9/11)、83.9%(26/31)、42.1%(8/19),癌栓组与伴癌栓肝细胞癌组的MMP-9mRNA和蛋白阳性率之间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但均明显高于不伴癌栓的肝细胞癌组(P<0.05)。KiSS-1基因与MMP-9的mRNA和蛋白阳性率均呈负相关(r值分别为-0.362、-0.473,P值均<0.05)。结论:KiSS-1基因、MMP-9与门静脉癌栓的形成密切相关,KiSS-1基因可能通过抑制MMP-9表达而抑制门静脉癌栓的形成。

肝癌缺失基因1和磷酸化粘着斑激酶蛋白在乳腺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的研究肝癌缺失基因1(DLC1)和磷酸化粘着斑激酶(FAK)在乳腺癌组织中的表达及其与临床病理指标的关系,加深对乳腺癌癌变和转移分子机制的理解。方法采用免疫组化ABC法检测61例乳腺癌和30例乳腺良性纤维瘤及其周围正常组织中DLC1和磷酸化FAK蛋白的表达情况;并结合临床病理资料分析二者在乳腺癌中表达的意义,采用SPSS10.0统计学软件分析数据。结果 DLC1在乳腺癌、良性组织和正常组织中的表达率分别为34.43%,80.00%和76.67%(P<0.001),磷酸化FAK在3组中的表达率为77.05%,33.33%和26.67%(P<0.001)。并且DLC1和磷酸化FAK蛋白在乳腺癌组织中的表达呈明显负相关(Kappa值=-0.4591);DLC1和FAK均与乳腺癌的发生、分期、PR和淋巴结转移关系密切(P<0.05),而与乳腺癌的年龄、家族史、分型、雌激素(ER)和CerbB-2无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论 DLC1低或无表达和磷酸化FAK高表达与乳腺癌的发生发展有关,DLC1和磷酸化FAK的表达与孕激素受体表达有关,有可能成为乳腺癌早诊和预后判断的候选标志物。

TMSG-1基因转染对肿瘤转移表型的影响

目的 :研究肿瘤转移抑制基因TMSG 1对肿瘤转移表型的影响。方法 :将含TMSG 1全长开放阅读框架的 1.5kbcDNA克隆于 pcDNA3,构建正义及反义TMSG 1cDNA真核表达载体 ,以脂质体转染人肺巨细胞癌PG的高转移亚系BE1,挑选G4 18抗性克隆 ,RT PCR检测正义或反义TMSG 1cDNA在转染细胞中的表达 ,进行转染细胞体外肿瘤生物学行为检测。结果 :RT PCR显示正义TMSG 1cDNA转染的BE1细胞 (BE1 S)中TMSG 1表达明显高于BE1及空载体对照细胞 ,反义TMSG 1cDNA转染细胞 (BE1 AS)中TMSG 1表达低于空载体对照细胞。与BE1及空载体对照细胞 (BE1 V)相比 ,BE1 AS细胞体外生长较快 ,软琼脂克隆形成能力明显增强 ;而BE1 S细胞体外生长能力没有显著改变 ,但其穿越Matrigel的能力及软琼脂克隆形成能力明显减弱。流式细胞仪分析结果显示BE1 S的G0 、G1期的细胞较BE1 V细胞比例增多 ,并且BE1 S出现了细胞凋亡峰。结论 :实验结果表明反义TMSG 1基因转染可增强BE1细胞的体外生长、体外侵袭能力及克隆形成能力。而正义TMSG 1基因转染则使BE1细胞的侵袭能力及软琼脂克隆形成能力减弱 ,而对细胞体外生长能力无明显影响。结论支持TMSG

共表达人p53、GM-CSF和B7-1基因的重组腺病毒的构建

为开展肿瘤的复合基因治疗 ,构建以串联方式携带人野生型p53、GM CSF和B7 1基因的重组腺病毒穿梭质粒pBB 1 0 2 .将pBB 1 0 2与腺病毒包装质粒GT40 50共转染 2 93细胞 ,通过细胞内同源重组获得重组腺病毒BB 1 0 2 .在 2 93细胞中扩增病毒 ,并通过氯化铯密度梯度超速离心纯化病毒 ,获得高滴度和高纯度的病毒 .分别经免疫组织化学分析、ELISA和流式细胞分析 ,检测BB 1 0 2介导的人野生型p53、GM CSF和B7 1基因在喉癌细胞Hep 2中的表达 .结果表明 ,BB 1 0 2能够有效地将其所携带的目的基因导入Hep 2细胞并使其在细胞中高效表达 ,表达高峰期为转染后 2～ 4d ,此后随时间递减 ,可持续 1 0d以上 .

抑癌基因 ING1在大肠癌中的表达及预后意义

目的：探讨ING1基因在散发性大肠癌中的表达与预后及多个临床病理变量之间的关系，并分析其在大肠癌预后的危险因素中是否具有显著意义。方法应用定量RT－PCR方法检测82例大肠癌手术切除标本及相应的癌旁组织中ING1 mRNA的表达水平，分析其表达的差异，研究其表达水平与大肠癌患者临床病理特征及预后的关系。结果（1）ING1 mRNA在大肠癌及癌旁组织中均可被检出，同一配对组织相比，癌旁组织中ING1表达量明显高于肿瘤原发灶；（2） ING1 mRNA的表达与大肠癌的浸润层次、淋巴结转移、远处转移以及TNM分期密切相关；（3）肿瘤组织与癌旁组织ING1表达量相比，比值越低其DFS也越低（P＜0．0001）；（4）经单因素及多因素COX模型分析后显示，ING1作为候选抑癌基因可作为大肠癌预后的独立预测因素（ P＜0．0001）。结论 ING1的过度表达是大肠癌发生过程中的分子事件，可能参与大肠癌的发展过程。 ING1可作为判断大肠癌预后的重要分子标志。

膀胱癌抑癌基因Apaf-1和APC的甲基化状况及其临床意义

【目的】研究抑癌基因细胞凋亡蛋白酶活化因子-1(Apaf-1)和腺瘤性结肠息肉病相关基因(APC)的启动子甲基化状况与膀胱癌临床病理的关系及对患者复发的影响。【方法】采用甲基化特异性PCR方法检测110例膀胱癌组织中Apaf-1和APC的启动子甲基化状态,以15例正常膀胱黏膜组织为对照组。【结果】Apaf-1和APC基因在膀胱癌组织中的甲基化率为90.0%和82.7%,在正常膀胱组织为6.77%和20.0%,差异分别有统计学意义(P均=0.000)。Apaf-1及APC的甲基化率与肿瘤分化程度及临床分期有明显的相关性,随肿瘤分级、分期的增加而升高。在复发组与未复发组的比较中,Apaf-1的甲基化阳性率分别为97.6%(41/42)和85.3%(58/68),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.382,P=0.036),而APC的甲基化率分别为85.7%(36/42)和80.9%(55/68),差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.424,P=0.515)。【结论】Apaf-1及APC的甲基化改变在膀胱癌的发生、发展过程中具有重要作用,Apaf-1启动子甲基化可能成为膀胱癌患者预后判断的分子标志物。