The real estate industry is a capital-intensive industry and capital has become a particular concern for real estate enterprises.For a long time,China’s real estate enterprises rely on high-leverage development and c...The real estate industry is a capital-intensive industry and capital has become a particular concern for real estate enterprises.For a long time,China’s real estate enterprises rely on high-leverage development and carry out high-debt and high-risk operations.The solvency of real estate enterprises has been the focus of stakeholders’attention.In August 2020,China’s regulatory authorities introduced new financing regulations for real estate enterprises.They set up“three red lines,”which brought real estate enterprises’solvency into focus once again.This article takes A-share listed companies in China’s real estate industry as an example,analyzes and evaluates its debt solvency,and gives suggestions based on new policies and regulations,hoping to provide specific references to the enterpriser’s manager and external decision-makers.展开更多
In this paper,we build an optimal control model with the objective to maximize the expected value of the time discount utility by selecting optimal investment,liability and dividend strategies for insurance companies....In this paper,we build an optimal control model with the objective to maximize the expected value of the time discount utility by selecting optimal investment,liability and dividend strategies for insurance companies.We then use the techniques from Merton(J Econ Theory 3(4):373–413,1971)to solve our optimal control problem and deduce the optimal control solutions.Finally,we analyze the economic impacts on the optimal controls of the parameters in insurance market.展开更多
Pillar 1B(individual accounts)of the Chinese basic pension fund(BPF)has suffered from substantial underfunding due to a series of challenges such as rising longevity,conservative investment policies,and the fragmentat...Pillar 1B(individual accounts)of the Chinese basic pension fund(BPF)has suffered from substantial underfunding due to a series of challenges such as rising longevity,conservative investment policies,and the fragmentation of the pension system.Using an asset–liability model(ALM),we investigate the effects of the pre-2015 and post-2015 limits,as well as no limits,on asset allocations.We also investigate the likely effect on investment performance of transferring the pillar 1B funds to the Council of National Social Security Fund(NSSF)and raising the retirement age to 65.We find that an ALM is superior to an assets-only analysis,and removing the limits on investment in domestic assets(but not foreign assets)would be beneficial,as would transferring the assets to the NSSF and raising the retirement age.Finally,the official notional rate on individual accounts should be set at a realistic level.展开更多
文摘The real estate industry is a capital-intensive industry and capital has become a particular concern for real estate enterprises.For a long time,China’s real estate enterprises rely on high-leverage development and carry out high-debt and high-risk operations.The solvency of real estate enterprises has been the focus of stakeholders’attention.In August 2020,China’s regulatory authorities introduced new financing regulations for real estate enterprises.They set up“three red lines,”which brought real estate enterprises’solvency into focus once again.This article takes A-share listed companies in China’s real estate industry as an example,analyzes and evaluates its debt solvency,and gives suggestions based on new policies and regulations,hoping to provide specific references to the enterpriser’s manager and external decision-makers.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(Nos.71573143 and 61673225)This work was also supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘In this paper,we build an optimal control model with the objective to maximize the expected value of the time discount utility by selecting optimal investment,liability and dividend strategies for insurance companies.We then use the techniques from Merton(J Econ Theory 3(4):373–413,1971)to solve our optimal control problem and deduce the optimal control solutions.Finally,we analyze the economic impacts on the optimal controls of the parameters in insurance market.
文摘Pillar 1B(individual accounts)of the Chinese basic pension fund(BPF)has suffered from substantial underfunding due to a series of challenges such as rising longevity,conservative investment policies,and the fragmentation of the pension system.Using an asset–liability model(ALM),we investigate the effects of the pre-2015 and post-2015 limits,as well as no limits,on asset allocations.We also investigate the likely effect on investment performance of transferring the pillar 1B funds to the Council of National Social Security Fund(NSSF)and raising the retirement age to 65.We find that an ALM is superior to an assets-only analysis,and removing the limits on investment in domestic assets(but not foreign assets)would be beneficial,as would transferring the assets to the NSSF and raising the retirement age.Finally,the official notional rate on individual accounts should be set at a realistic level.
