Research on the Challenges and Solutions for Ethnic Tourism Service Management in Xichang City,Liangshan Prefecture in the Regional Tourism Era

With the advent of the regional tourism era,ethnic tourism service management in Xichang City,Liangshan Prefecture,faces new challenges and opportunities.This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the current state of ethnic tourism service management in Xichang City,identifying existing issues such as uneven service quality,an imperfect management system,and the need for improved professional quality among service personnel.To address these problems,the paper proposes several countermeasures,including establishing a service system oriented toward tourists’needs,enhancing professional training for service personnel,and optimizing the management model for tourism service quality.The study aims to promote the sustainable,rapid,and healthy development of tourism in Xichang City,Liangshan Prefecture,and contribute to the prosperity of tourism in Sichuan Province by improving the management level of ethnic tourism services.

Spatiotemporal evolution of ecosystem service value and topographic gradient effect in the Da-Xiao Liangshan Mountains in Sichuan Province,China

The Da-Xiao Liangshan mountains are critical ecological function areas and essential ecological barriers in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China.This study selected a total of six periods of land use land cover(LULC)data from 1995 to 2020,to estimate the ecosystem service value(ESV)and analyzed its spatiotemporal evolution and topographic gradient divergence.The results showed that:(1)The ESV increased by 1.1 billion yuan,with an increase rate of 1.47%from 1995 to 2020.Two time periods,2005–2010 and 2015–2020,showed more significant increases than other periods.(2)The elevation and slope of mountainous areas determine the type of land use and further influence the spatial pattern of ESV.(3)Although woodland and grassland are the main land use types of the study area(more than 90%),the hydrological regulation function of the water area partially compensated for the impact of the encroachment of the built-up area on the ESV of grassland.(4)The spatial distribution of ESVs showed an inverted V-shaped characteristic as the topographic gradient increased,with the dominant position being the 5th topographic gradient zone.Finally,this study provided relevant recommendations for ecosystem protection and optimization.The findings of this study clarified the influence of topographical factors on the spatial differentiation of ESV and provided novel insights into ecosystem protection.

Research on the Ecological Wisdom of Traditional Dwellings of the Liangshan Yi Nationality Based on Regional Climate

As a typical building with ethnic and regional characteristics in southwest Chi-na, its construction skills contain rich local ecological wisdom. The detailed analysis of the climatic and geomorphological features of the Liangshan Yi nationality area shows that the thermal mass effect is the first choice for the passive adjustment strategy of residential dwellings. This study focuses on the typical representatives of traditional dwellings in Meigu County, analyzing the wisdom of ecological construction to improve the thermal mass effects of res-idential buildings at the macro (village), moderate (courtyard), and micro (building unit) levels. Based on this analysis, the study summarizes the “genetic factor library” of the ecological construction mode of traditional Yi residential dwellings. Finally, the measured data of the residential thermal environment and the simulation data of Ecotect software are used to study and judge the logic behind its ecological construction wisdom. The results show that the tradi-tional dwellings of the Yi nationality in Liangshan have six aspects of local en-vironmental knowledge to improve the thermal mass effects performance of buildings. The winter thermal environment of the house is comfortable, and the heat is sufficient;Rammed earth materials in residential buildings have more potent, powerful, and robust thermal mass effects performance than stone slabs and wooden boards.

QTL Mapping for Weight Traits on Chromosome 3 in Liangshan Semi-fine Wool Sheep

By using Windows QTL Cartographer v2.5 software, QTLs for five weight traits of Liangshan semi-fine wool sheep were detected based on nine microsatellite markers on chromosome 3. According to the results, ① in reference family 191, the QTL affecting weaning weight was detected at 110.01 cM with an additive effect of 6.860, explaining 29.3% of the phenotypic variance; ② in reference family 190, the QTL affecting weaning daily gain was detected at 227.41 cM with an additive effect of 0.013, explaining 1.7% of the phenotypic variance; ③there was no QTL affect- ing birth weight, 1.5-year weight and 2.5-year weight of Liangshan semi-fine wool sheep.

The Changing Trends of HIV/AIDS in An Ethnic Minority Region of China: Modeling the Epidemic in Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan Province

Objective This study was to investigate the HIV current situation in Liangshan prefecture, in order to predict prevalence and transmission trends. Methods Region-specific population, behavior, serosurveillence, and policy/program data （from 1995 to 2020） were gathered from various local and national organizations and applied to the Asian Epidemic Model （AEM） and used to derive estimates of future HIV prevalence, epidemic trends, and outcomes of intervention strategies. Results The AEM projections for 2020 included increased number of people living with HIV （PLHIV; to 136 617）, increased HIV prevalence （2.51%）, and 8037 deaths from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome （AIDS） in this region. However, the overall HIV incidence rate （per 10 000） was projected to decline from 27 in 2015 to 22 in 2020, largely due to a predicted decrease in HIV infection rate （per 10 000） from 658 in 2013 to 621 in 2020 among intravenous drug users. In contrast, the cases of HIV infection per i0 000 was projected to increase from 420 in 2010 to 503 in 2020 among men who have sex with men, and from 8 in 2010 to 15 in 2020 among the general population. The predominant risk factor for HIV transmission over the next decade in Liangshan was casual sex. Community-based outreach strategies to reduce injected drug use and casual sex, and to promote condom use, were predicted as effective interventions to decrease HIV transmission. Conclusion Implementation of a comprehensive public health program, with targeting to the region-specific at-risk populations, will help to mitigate HIV/AIDS spread in Liangshan.

Matter Composition and Two Stage Evolution of a Liangshan Super High-Sulfur Coal Seam in Kaili,Eastern Guizhou

Super-high sulfur coal resultes in serious coal-derived pollution but might have a particular genesis. Thus,a columnar section of an Early Permian Liangshan Formation coal seam. weight average sulfur content 5.80%,from Kaili,eastern Guizhou,was studied using the methods of coal petrology and geochemistry. The results show that the seam was apparently formed in seawater-effected peat bogs that developed in two distinct stages. During the first stage various layers were formed in a supratidal bog and have a composition characteristic of a bog with a gradually decreasing sea-water effect,decreasing water dynamics,and an increasingly reductive environment. Layers in the upper seam formed during a second stage in an intertidal bog. These layers are very high in total and inorganic sulfur,the ratios of or-ganic/inorganic sulfur and V/I drop,they are high in coal ash yield and have a high ash component index,considerable barkinite,oxidized and detrital macerals,have a porphyroclatic micro-structure and are rich in pyrite,all of which indi-cate the coal-forming environment had higher oxidation potential,strong and roiling water dynamics,and intermittent exposure to a sulfur rich environment.

Influence of social capital on the livelihood strategies of farmers under China's rural revitalization strategy in poor mountain areas: A case study of the Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture

Social capital in the form of social resources or social networks is one of the most important livelihood capital of farmers, which can increase the labor productivity of poor households and increase income. It is important to explore the reasons underlying the livelihood strategy choices of farmers from the perspective of social capital under China’s rural revitalization strategy. In this study, the Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, a povertystricken mountainous area in southwestern China, was selected as the case study area, and multivariable linear regression models were constructed to analyze the influence of social capital on livelihood strategies.The results are as follows:(1) Individual social capital had a positive effect on non-agricultural livelihood strategies. On average, with a one-unit increase in individual social capital, the ratio of farmers’ nonagricultural income to total productive income(Income_Rto) increased by 0.002% and 0.062%,respectively. Collective social capital, with the Peasant Economic Cooperation Organization(PECO) as the carrier, had a negative effect on the non-agricultural livelihood strategies of farmers;on average, with a oneunit increase in PECO, Income_Rto decreased by approximately 0.053%. However, this effect was only significant in the river valley area.(2) The income differences among the different livelihood strategy types were explained by the livelihood strategy choices of farmers. As non-agricultural work can bring more benefits, the labor force exhibited one-way migration from villages to cities, resulting in a lack of the subject of rural revitalization. It is necessary to implement effective measures to highlight the role of PECO in increasing agricultural income for farmers. Finally,based on the above conclusions,policy recommendations with respect to livelihood transformation of farmers and rural sustainable development are discussed.

Current Situations and Development Ideas of Buckwheat Tea Industry in Liangshan Prefecture

This paper firstly introduces current situations of buckwheat tea industry in Liangshan Prefecture,current situations of intellectual property right of buckwheat tea in whole China,and total flavonoid content in buckwheat tea. On the basis of these current situations,it analyzes drawbacks of buckwheat tea sold in the market. Finally,it presents development ideas of buckwheat tea industry in Liangshan Prefecture.

On Grammar Functions of Tone Modification in Liangshan Yi Language

There is a special grammar phenomena in Liangshan Yi such that grammartical relations can be changed through tone change. When personal pronouns combine withverbs, from the view of personal pronouns, the sentences are in SV pattern if personal pronouns are mid-level tones, while the sentences are in OV pattern when personal pronouns are sub-high tones. From the view of verbs, the sentences are in SV pattern if verbs are low-falling tones while the sentences are in OV pattern when verbs are sub-high tones. This paper discusses how case relations can be marked with grammatical tone in the Yi language.

Holidays of the Yi People in. Liangshan Yizu Autonomous Regions

China has 56 nationalities,each having it’s own unique holidays.Whether the holidaymemorialize a famous person or historical event each has a colourful story behind it.For the Yi people,the primary festivals are Transplanting Flowers Day,Herding Day,Buckwheat Day,Torch Festival and New Year’s celebration.The Yi who live along the Jin-Sha River bank,near Hui-Li county in Sichuan Provincedress themselves up each year on the 15th day of the first lunar month.They climb up the sur-

Analyze the tourism development status of Liangshan Prefecture

Tourism development is in the ascendant, it has an extremely important role for stimulating local economic development in the western region. Liangshan unique ecological environment and abundant tourism resources is extremely beneficial tourism development resource conditions. This article provides an overview of the status quo of Liangshan tourism development, and analyzes the problems of capital investment, infrastructure construction, resource utilization and personnel training existing in Liangshan tourism development process, and puts forward the corresponding coping strategies and measures.

On the Development of Modern Tourism in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province

Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan province is the largest community of the Yi ethnic group in China,which has developed a rich culture over its long history.Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture also boasts the modern aerospace industry,unique landscapes of mountains and valleys,and featured modern agriculture.All these provide the prefecture with rich tourism resources.Since the mid-1980s,modern tourism in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture has gone through three stages.(a)Infancy stage(the mid-1980s to late-1990s):In this period,tourism as an industry was small in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and was mainly engaged in the reception business.(b)Operation stage(2000 to 2016):In this period,Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture began to develop nature tourism relying on its magnificent mountains,which promoted economic development in certain areas.(c)Region-wide development stage:In 2017,Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture began to seek region-wide development in tourism in response to rural revitalization.Since then,Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture has witnessed a profound transformation in its tourism industry.The region,focusing on developing regional featured agriculture,has made great efforts to promote rural development and agritourism,with the aim of enabling rural residents to benefit from the development of the modern economy and rural areas to achieve dual development in both traditional production and modern economy.This paper reviewed the development course of modern tourism in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in order to reveal the relationship between the market and the policies.Though tourism market explorations usually come before policy introduction,the policies are necessary to regulate the market for its sound development.In addition,this paper further investigated the profound impact of modern tourism on Liangshan’s social development.

The Dissemination and Contemporary Construction of Folklore in the Context of Multiple Interactions-Take the Liangshan Water Margin as an Example

Folklore is an important carrier to show local culture and express people’s emotions in the way of oral transmission.Tradition holds that folklore loses its vitality without oral narration.However,it is difficult to find the traditional context of telling and disseminating folklore only by word of mouth.More often,under the impetus of multiple contexts and different forces,folklore in multiple media is widely spread through mutual reference and integration.The current situation of the water Margin theory circulating in Liangshan area is enough to illustrate this point.Water Margin has a very long history of inheritance,from government officials to ordinary people,under the influence of different media,dissemination and inheritance,become a rich local cultural capital.In the current social development context,the spread of the outlaws of the Marsh is no longer a simple word of mouth.The emergence of high-tech means such as Television and the Internet,as well as the promotion of cultural tourism,has reconstructed the legend of the contemporary water Margin figures.In the process of the reconstruction of the local legend of the water margin in Liangshan,the joint efforts of national forces and market factors have promoted the blending and exchange of three different levels of literature,such as elite literature dominated by the legend of the water margin,popular literature represented by folk quyi and folk literature spread orally by the general public,forming a communication situation of mutual learning,mutual tolerance and interaction between elegance and customs.

The Shamanic Yi People in Liangshan

’It was what many Chinese called Lolo land,not knowing that Lolo is a pejorative to theancient Yi people who inhabit Burma Tibetan ethnic pool that lies on China’s western reaches.These people,tall,dark,distinctively un Chinese with their own shamanic religion,their deep belief in magic and spirits.…when they poked out a meagre living,herdingsheep,culitvating a patch of corn or millet on the mountainside.’

神圣与世俗:凉山彝族祖先崇拜与家支社会

凉山彝族祖先崇拜诞生于人类社会文明形态初现时期,祖先崇拜中的矛盾情感,使彝人世俗化的信仰动机过渡至神圣崇拜行动层面。彝族祖先崇拜并非泛祖先崇拜,具有我向性的特点,信仰者和信仰对象范围由世俗社会的家支规模决定。彝族祖先崇拜是彝族家支制度在神圣信仰世界的投射,反映了信仰本身所依存的社会结构的特点,凉山彝族祖先崇拜和家支社会的交融,论证了涂尔干的经典命题“宗教起源于社会”。凉山彝族的祖先崇拜和家支制度同中国自古即有的崇祖重宗思想一脉相承,具有中华文化共同性的特征,在现代化进程中,传承其优秀的传统文化有利于促进各民族的交往交流交融和铸牢中华民族共同体意识。

三线建设铸牢西南地区中华民族共同体的途径和成效——以凉山州冕宁县沙坝地区发展为例

三线建设是新中国成立以来一场规模宏大、影响深远、意义重大的经济和国防建设,西南少数民族地区是三线建设的重点区域,三线建设不仅促进了该地区经济社会的全面发展,而且从多途径铸牢了中华民族共同体意识。本文以多民族聚居的凉山州冕宁县沙坝地区为例,阐述三线建设铸牢中华民族共同体的途径和成效,包括:党的领导在政治上加强了各民族之间的命运联结;工业文明的发展为民族共同体的构建奠定了经济基础;文化交融推动了民族共同体情感的加深;教育的发展为民族共同体的构建提供了人才保障;社会发展不断增强民族共同体构建的稳固性。三线建设与中华民族共同体的构建是彼此成就、相互促进的关系,三线建设在新的文明体系中达成了中华民族共同体意识,其持续铸牢中华民族共同体的途径和方式,在中华民族追求伟大复兴的今天仍然具有积极而重要的意义。

凉山漆器的图像提取与设计再生

凉山漆器是彝族原生文化的典型代表,其髹饰技艺也是我国国家级非物质文化遗产。从现代图像学角度分析凉山漆器的图像文化,挖掘其文化内涵,并对其图像进行分析与提取,借用计算机辅助设计,先将凉山漆器的图像进行矢量绘制,再运用镜像、复制、旋转、矩阵等数字指令,实现其图像的提取、重组与衍生设计,生成新的图像,继而实现其在当代的设计生成,让其与当代文化相适应,与现代社会相融合,进而实现中华民族优秀传统文化的传承与发展。

易地安置社区困境儿童抗逆力研究——基于凉山D社区的实证分析

2020年底,我国全面消除了绝对贫困问题。其中,960多万贫困人口通过易地扶贫搬迁实现了脱贫摘帽。在相对贫困视角下,随迁儿童在易地安置社区面临一系列社会适应问题,部分困境儿童的问题更为严重。文章通过实地调研和问卷调查,研究凉山彝族易地扶贫安置社区困境儿童抗逆力的现状及影响因素,发现不同年龄、不同性别、不同类型困境儿童的抗逆力存在显著差异;家庭危机发生时,个体年龄、自我概念和内在抗逆力对困境儿童的抗逆力形成产生重要影响;社会支持、个体与环境互动对困境儿童抗逆力具有积极作用。文章建议采用整合式的社会工作方法,积极培育个体内在抗逆力特质,强化社会环境的支持功能,正向引导个体和环境的互动,促进困境儿童社会适应。

2019年凉山州土壤、粮食和头发中硒含量调查

目的2019年6—8月,通过抽样调查对凉山州土壤、粮食和头发样本中硒含量进行测定,为该地区克山病防治工作提供依据。方法在凉山州西昌市、冕宁县、布拖县、美姑县、盐源县各选择1个村作为采样点,分别采集10分土壤样本、30份头发样本和30份粮食样本,氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定样本中硒含量,并对测定结果进行统计描述。结果凉山州平均土壤硒含量为(0.22±0.10)mg/kg,布拖县、盐源县、西昌市、美姑县和冕宁县土壤硒含量分别为(0.24±0.02)mg/kg、(0.16±0.03)mg/kg、(0.26±0.13)mg/kg、(0.21±0.06)mg/kg和(0.22±0.15)mg/kg;平均粮食硒含量为(0.017±0.021)mg/kg,各调查地分别为(0.010±0.008)mg/kg、(0.012±0.012)mg/kg、(0.012±0.010)mg/kg、(0.031±0.039)mg/kg和(0.016±0.018)mg/kg;平均头发硒含量(0.199±0.066)mg/kg,各调查地分别为(0.178±0.060)mg/kg、(0.175±0.049)mg/kg、(0.227±0.085)mg/kg、(0.179±0.046)mg/kg和(0.234±0.058)mg/kg。除盐源县,其余调查地土壤硒含量均处于适量水平,粮食硒和发硒含量均低于本省2009年调查结果。结论此次调查中,凉山州平均土壤硒含量处于适宜水平,但分布不均;粮食硒和头发含量均处于较低水平,应持续优化补硒措施,以维持合适的人群硒营养水平。