This is an experimental study conducted on two groups of control and experimental using pretestposttest design, applying psychological intervention on the study sample. The present study aimed to determine the effecti...This is an experimental study conducted on two groups of control and experimental using pretestposttest design, applying psychological intervention on the study sample. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of collective education life skills on mental health and resilience of teachers in Zahedan. The population of the study included all teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students in Zahedan, among which 60 teachers at normal schools and 20 teachers at exceptional schools were selected and placed in two groups of experimental and control, respectively. Initially, members of the experimental group were taught 10 basic life skills in 10 2-hour sessions. Mental health and resilience questionnaires were distributed and gathered before and after the training sessions. Results indicated the positive effect of life skills training on mental health of teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, which meant that the more the life skills training to teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, the lower their mental health scores would be. Results also indicated the positive effect of life skills training on resilience of teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, which meant that the more the life skills training to teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, the higher their resilience scores would be.展开更多
<strong>Background and Purpose:</strong> Walking difficulties are defined as any reduction in speed, balance, or change of gait, causing limited ambulation. These difficulties are a common problem in older...<strong>Background and Purpose:</strong> Walking difficulties are defined as any reduction in speed, balance, or change of gait, causing limited ambulation. These difficulties are a common problem in older adults and may greatly affect their quality of life (QOL) and restrict their personal independence and participation. This study aimed to determine the effect of intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) on lower leg pain, walking capacity, functional mobility, ankle range of motion (AROM), and QOL of community-dwelling older people with walking difficulties. <strong>Methods:</strong> In this randomized controlled trial, 34 eligible participants with self-reported lower limb pain and limited ambulation were randomized either to the intermittent pneumatic compression intervention group (IPCIG) or static compression control group (SCCG). The IPCIG and SCCG were trained to receive IPC and SC respectively for both lower legs and instructed to continue the application independently at home for 15 minutes per session, 2 sessions a day, 7 days per week for 4 weeks independently at the home. Outcome measures of lower leg pain, AROM, walking capacity, and functional mobility were assessed at baseline and at the first, second, third, and fourth weeks after randomization. Quality of life was assessed at baseline and immediately after the intervention. <strong>Results and Discussion:</strong> IPCIG showed a more significant improvement compared to the SCCG at the post-interventional stage for QOL and all the subscales. The findings show that “80% improved QOL” is 53% higher with the application of IPC than with SC for 4 weeks. The IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in the 6-minute walk test (6 MWT) at the third and fourth weeks compared to the SCCG. A pairwise comparison of mean values of 6 MWT over 4 weeks within the IPCIG showed a significant difference between all the weeks. Pairwise comparisons between groups at each time point showed that the IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in the timed up and go (TUG) test at the third and fourth weeks compared to the SCCG. Pairwise comparison of mean values of TUG test within the IPCIG showed a significant difference over 4 weeks, except between the second and third weeks, fourth week, and third and fourth weeks. The IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in lower leg pain between all weeks except the first week compared to the SCCG. Pairwise comparison of mean values of lower leg pain over 4 weeks within the IPCIG showed a significant difference among all weekly outcomes except between 1 and 2 weeks. The IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in left and right ankle dorsiflexion ROM at the third and fourth weeks compared to the SCCG. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> The IPC was effective in reducing lower leg pain and increasing the AROM and improving the walking capacity, functional mobility level, and QOL of community-dwelling older people with walking disabilities. Walking disability in old age is a common condition requiring physical therapy. Intermittent pneumatic compression can be used as a physical therapy modality for this patient group.展开更多
Purpose: Physical inactivity in Saudi Arabia is a growing challenge to public health. This study aimed to define the relationship between the physical activity level (PAL) and adult Saudi health-related quality of lif...Purpose: Physical inactivity in Saudi Arabia is a growing challenge to public health. This study aimed to define the relationship between the physical activity level (PAL) and adult Saudi health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods: Participants of this study were 100 Saudi adult aged from 18 - 70 years. The 36-Item Short-Form Health Status Survey (SF-36) was used to measure the participant’s HRQoL. The SF-36 is comprised of 8 domains. The electronic version of the General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to categorize participants in terms of physical activity level into;inactive, moderately inactive, moderately active, and active. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests were used to treat the collected data. Results: Results showed that only 17% of the Saudi adults had active PAL. The PAL had significantly positive relationship with 4 domains of HRQoL including: physical functioning (P = 0.004), role limitations caused by physical health problems (P = 0.048), vitality (P = 0.009), and general health (P = 0.044). Results also confirmed that the younger the subject, the higher the PAL (P = 0.0001) and the better the HRQoL. This is true for all domains except the role limitations caused by emotional problems and emotional wellbeing. Conclusion: The poor physical activity level of adult Saudi negatively impacts their HRQoL.展开更多
We reviewed the literature to examine whether an association exists between the quality of life (QoL) of primary informal Alzheimer's disease (AD) caregivers and the level and quality of care that these caregivers...We reviewed the literature to examine whether an association exists between the quality of life (QoL) of primary informal Alzheimer's disease (AD) caregivers and the level and quality of care that these caregivers provide to their loved ones with AD. We obtained studies focusing on the care that these caregivers provide for their family members with AD. Our outcome of interest was level or quality of care and the independent variable was caregiver QoL. We extracted data in tabular form and used a narrative synthesis approach to describe our findings. Only one relevant study was included in the review. Overall, the evidence was equivocal regarding the associations between caregiver QoL and the level/quality of care in AD.展开更多
目的·评估焦虑障碍患者的焦虑水平、述情障碍程度与其生活质量之间的关系。方法·选择2020年10月1日-2023年3月31日期间在上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心门诊收治的焦虑障碍患者为研究对象,经排除后最终纳入患者438例;其...目的·评估焦虑障碍患者的焦虑水平、述情障碍程度与其生活质量之间的关系。方法·选择2020年10月1日-2023年3月31日期间在上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心门诊收治的焦虑障碍患者为研究对象,经排除后最终纳入患者438例;其中,广泛性焦虑障碍患者271例,惊恐障碍患者101例,社交焦虑障碍患者48例,场所恐惧症患者12例,特定恐惧症患者6例。分别采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(Hamilton Anxiety Scale,HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表-17项(Hamilton Depression Scale-17,HAMD-17)、多伦多述情障碍量表-20项(the twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale,TAS-20)、世界卫生组织生活质量测定简表(World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Brief Form Questionnaire,WHOQOL-BREF)评估患者的焦虑水平、抑郁水平、述情障碍程度及生活质量,并对不同亚型焦虑障碍患者的量表得分进行评估。采用Spearman相关系数对焦虑障碍患者的焦虑水平、抑郁水平、述情障碍程度与生活质量进行相关分析,并使用逐步回归模型探索影响焦虑障碍患者生活质量的关键变量。结果·不同亚型焦虑障碍患者在HAMA评分、HAMD-17评分、TAS-20评分间的差异无统计学意义,但在WHOQOL-BRIEF评分上差异具有统计学意义(H=10.076,P=0.039)。Spearman相关分析的结果显示,焦虑障碍患者的WHOQOL-BRIEF评分与HAMA评分、HAMD-17评分、TAS-20评分均呈负相关(r=−0.256,P=0.000;r=−0.311,P=0.000;r=−0.342,P=0.000)。逐步回归分析的结果显示,年龄、HAMA评分、HAMD-17评分及TAS-20评分均对患者的生活质量有较大影响(均P<0.05)。结论·不同亚型焦虑障碍患者的生活质量有所不同,焦虑水平、抑郁水平及述情障碍程度均是影响焦虑障碍患者生活质量的关键变量。展开更多
Electron beams of 0.5, 1.5, 2.0, and 5.0 MeV were used to irradiate n-Si diodes to fluences of5.5×10^(13), 1.7×10^(14), and 3.3×1014 e cm^(-2). The forward voltage drop, minority carrier lifetime, and d...Electron beams of 0.5, 1.5, 2.0, and 5.0 MeV were used to irradiate n-Si diodes to fluences of5.5×10^(13), 1.7×10^(14), and 3.3×1014 e cm^(-2). The forward voltage drop, minority carrier lifetime, and deep level transient spectroscopy(DLTS) characteristics of silicon p–n junction diodes before and after irradiation were compared. At the fluence of 3.3×10^(14) e cm^(-2), the forward voltage drop increased from 1.25 V at 0.5 MeV to 7.96μs at 5.0 MeV, while the minority carrier lifetime decreased significantly from 7.09 ls at 0.5 MeV to 0.06μs at 5.0 MeV. Six types of changes in the energy levels in DLTS spectra were analyzed and discussed.展开更多
Background and Purpose: Quality of life as an important factor in health is very important. This study is looking for an appropriate and effective treatment for improving quality of life. This research aims to study t...Background and Purpose: Quality of life as an important factor in health is very important. This study is looking for an appropriate and effective treatment for improving quality of life. This research aims to study the psychological effect of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on quality of life of adult women suffering from obesity. Methods and Materials: This research is a kind of half-trail, with pattern of pre-test, post-test and group control. Statistical population includes all over-weight women with body mass index (BMI) range (30 - 40) who participated in family training sessions held in Shahin Shahr city. 40 patients who had the characteristics for sampling were selected and randomly placed in test and control groups (each group 20 people). Participants in each group before and after intervention quality of life questionnaire with 100 question sample World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-100 were evaluated. 12 sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy in group was used. The obtained data were analyzed with the use of Sciences Statistical Package for the Social (SPSS) 18 statistical software and methods of analysis of covariance. Findings: After selection of adult women having a BMI between 30 and 40 based on availability who had attended the meeting of family education, by invitation and voluntary, they were randomized into experimental and control groups. Intervention was done for experimental group. Due to the result of covariance analysis on the post-test stage, examination group showed significant improvement in variants physical health dimensions, level of independence in social and environmental relationships and spirituality (p < 0.01). Conclusion: According to the findings of this research based on the impact of acceptance and commitment intervention on promotion and improving in quality of life, this treatment can be used for improving the variants in women suffering from over-weight and obesity.展开更多
目的探讨基于认知-行为的多层次护理干预对卒中后抑郁(post-stroke depression,PSD)的效果影响。方法选择武汉科技大学附属天佑医院神经内科2019年1月—2023年1月住院的110例PSD患者作为研究对象,对上述患者入院的前后顺序进行标号,随...目的探讨基于认知-行为的多层次护理干预对卒中后抑郁(post-stroke depression,PSD)的效果影响。方法选择武汉科技大学附属天佑医院神经内科2019年1月—2023年1月住院的110例PSD患者作为研究对象,对上述患者入院的前后顺序进行标号,随机分为2组,对照组(n=55)予以常规护理措施干预,在此基础上观察组(n=55)予以基于认知-行为的多层次护理干预。2组患者干预前和干预后1个月,分别采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression scale,HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(Hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA)、简易精神状态检查量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)、Barthel指数(barthel index,BI)、生活质量综合评定问卷-74(generic quality of life inventory 74,GQOLI-74)评估患者的精神症状、认知状况、日常生活能力、生活质量。结果与观察组护理干预前和对照组干预后比较,观察组护理干预后HAMD(16.01±1.97)分、HAMA(14.37±1.48)分均明显降低(P<0.05);观察组护理干预后MMSE(28.74±3.16分)、BI(83.09±7.81分)及生活质量评分均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论基于认知-行为的多层次护理干预可明显改善PSD患者的精神症状、认知状况及日常生活能力,同时生活质量也得到明显地提高。展开更多
Accelerated life testing(ALT)has been widely used to obtain information about the product's life characteristics at normal conditions in a relatively short period of time.Two key issues with ALT are test design an...Accelerated life testing(ALT)has been widely used to obtain information about the product's life characteristics at normal conditions in a relatively short period of time.Two key issues with ALT are test design and data analysis.The test design of constant stress ALT was studied in this paper.The test design usually combines engineering experiences with optimization models.Such approaches are hard to be implemented by practitioners.A"pure"empirical approach was presented to address this issue.With the proposed approach,some of the decision variables are determined based on the results from the literature,some of the other variables are determined based on engineering analysis and /or judgment,and the remaining variables are determined based on the empirical relations developed in this paper.A real-world example is included to illustrate the appropriateness of the proposed approach.展开更多
文摘This is an experimental study conducted on two groups of control and experimental using pretestposttest design, applying psychological intervention on the study sample. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of collective education life skills on mental health and resilience of teachers in Zahedan. The population of the study included all teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students in Zahedan, among which 60 teachers at normal schools and 20 teachers at exceptional schools were selected and placed in two groups of experimental and control, respectively. Initially, members of the experimental group were taught 10 basic life skills in 10 2-hour sessions. Mental health and resilience questionnaires were distributed and gathered before and after the training sessions. Results indicated the positive effect of life skills training on mental health of teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, which meant that the more the life skills training to teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, the lower their mental health scores would be. Results also indicated the positive effect of life skills training on resilience of teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, which meant that the more the life skills training to teachers at schools with normal students and teachers at schools with exceptional students, the higher their resilience scores would be.
文摘<strong>Background and Purpose:</strong> Walking difficulties are defined as any reduction in speed, balance, or change of gait, causing limited ambulation. These difficulties are a common problem in older adults and may greatly affect their quality of life (QOL) and restrict their personal independence and participation. This study aimed to determine the effect of intermittent pneumatic compression (IPC) on lower leg pain, walking capacity, functional mobility, ankle range of motion (AROM), and QOL of community-dwelling older people with walking difficulties. <strong>Methods:</strong> In this randomized controlled trial, 34 eligible participants with self-reported lower limb pain and limited ambulation were randomized either to the intermittent pneumatic compression intervention group (IPCIG) or static compression control group (SCCG). The IPCIG and SCCG were trained to receive IPC and SC respectively for both lower legs and instructed to continue the application independently at home for 15 minutes per session, 2 sessions a day, 7 days per week for 4 weeks independently at the home. Outcome measures of lower leg pain, AROM, walking capacity, and functional mobility were assessed at baseline and at the first, second, third, and fourth weeks after randomization. Quality of life was assessed at baseline and immediately after the intervention. <strong>Results and Discussion:</strong> IPCIG showed a more significant improvement compared to the SCCG at the post-interventional stage for QOL and all the subscales. The findings show that “80% improved QOL” is 53% higher with the application of IPC than with SC for 4 weeks. The IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in the 6-minute walk test (6 MWT) at the third and fourth weeks compared to the SCCG. A pairwise comparison of mean values of 6 MWT over 4 weeks within the IPCIG showed a significant difference between all the weeks. Pairwise comparisons between groups at each time point showed that the IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in the timed up and go (TUG) test at the third and fourth weeks compared to the SCCG. Pairwise comparison of mean values of TUG test within the IPCIG showed a significant difference over 4 weeks, except between the second and third weeks, fourth week, and third and fourth weeks. The IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in lower leg pain between all weeks except the first week compared to the SCCG. Pairwise comparison of mean values of lower leg pain over 4 weeks within the IPCIG showed a significant difference among all weekly outcomes except between 1 and 2 weeks. The IPCIG showed a more significant improvement in left and right ankle dorsiflexion ROM at the third and fourth weeks compared to the SCCG. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> The IPC was effective in reducing lower leg pain and increasing the AROM and improving the walking capacity, functional mobility level, and QOL of community-dwelling older people with walking disabilities. Walking disability in old age is a common condition requiring physical therapy. Intermittent pneumatic compression can be used as a physical therapy modality for this patient group.
文摘Purpose: Physical inactivity in Saudi Arabia is a growing challenge to public health. This study aimed to define the relationship between the physical activity level (PAL) and adult Saudi health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods: Participants of this study were 100 Saudi adult aged from 18 - 70 years. The 36-Item Short-Form Health Status Survey (SF-36) was used to measure the participant’s HRQoL. The SF-36 is comprised of 8 domains. The electronic version of the General Practice Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to categorize participants in terms of physical activity level into;inactive, moderately inactive, moderately active, and active. Descriptive and inferential statistical tests were used to treat the collected data. Results: Results showed that only 17% of the Saudi adults had active PAL. The PAL had significantly positive relationship with 4 domains of HRQoL including: physical functioning (P = 0.004), role limitations caused by physical health problems (P = 0.048), vitality (P = 0.009), and general health (P = 0.044). Results also confirmed that the younger the subject, the higher the PAL (P = 0.0001) and the better the HRQoL. This is true for all domains except the role limitations caused by emotional problems and emotional wellbeing. Conclusion: The poor physical activity level of adult Saudi negatively impacts their HRQoL.
文摘We reviewed the literature to examine whether an association exists between the quality of life (QoL) of primary informal Alzheimer's disease (AD) caregivers and the level and quality of care that these caregivers provide to their loved ones with AD. We obtained studies focusing on the care that these caregivers provide for their family members with AD. Our outcome of interest was level or quality of care and the independent variable was caregiver QoL. We extracted data in tabular form and used a narrative synthesis approach to describe our findings. Only one relevant study was included in the review. Overall, the evidence was equivocal regarding the associations between caregiver QoL and the level/quality of care in AD.
文摘目的·评估焦虑障碍患者的焦虑水平、述情障碍程度与其生活质量之间的关系。方法·选择2020年10月1日-2023年3月31日期间在上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心门诊收治的焦虑障碍患者为研究对象,经排除后最终纳入患者438例;其中,广泛性焦虑障碍患者271例,惊恐障碍患者101例,社交焦虑障碍患者48例,场所恐惧症患者12例,特定恐惧症患者6例。分别采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(Hamilton Anxiety Scale,HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表-17项(Hamilton Depression Scale-17,HAMD-17)、多伦多述情障碍量表-20项(the twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale,TAS-20)、世界卫生组织生活质量测定简表(World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Brief Form Questionnaire,WHOQOL-BREF)评估患者的焦虑水平、抑郁水平、述情障碍程度及生活质量,并对不同亚型焦虑障碍患者的量表得分进行评估。采用Spearman相关系数对焦虑障碍患者的焦虑水平、抑郁水平、述情障碍程度与生活质量进行相关分析,并使用逐步回归模型探索影响焦虑障碍患者生活质量的关键变量。结果·不同亚型焦虑障碍患者在HAMA评分、HAMD-17评分、TAS-20评分间的差异无统计学意义,但在WHOQOL-BRIEF评分上差异具有统计学意义(H=10.076,P=0.039)。Spearman相关分析的结果显示,焦虑障碍患者的WHOQOL-BRIEF评分与HAMA评分、HAMD-17评分、TAS-20评分均呈负相关(r=−0.256,P=0.000;r=−0.311,P=0.000;r=−0.342,P=0.000)。逐步回归分析的结果显示,年龄、HAMA评分、HAMD-17评分及TAS-20评分均对患者的生活质量有较大影响(均P<0.05)。结论·不同亚型焦虑障碍患者的生活质量有所不同,焦虑水平、抑郁水平及述情障碍程度均是影响焦虑障碍患者生活质量的关键变量。
基金supported by the Beijing education and scientific research department(No.KM201510005008)
文摘Electron beams of 0.5, 1.5, 2.0, and 5.0 MeV were used to irradiate n-Si diodes to fluences of5.5×10^(13), 1.7×10^(14), and 3.3×1014 e cm^(-2). The forward voltage drop, minority carrier lifetime, and deep level transient spectroscopy(DLTS) characteristics of silicon p–n junction diodes before and after irradiation were compared. At the fluence of 3.3×10^(14) e cm^(-2), the forward voltage drop increased from 1.25 V at 0.5 MeV to 7.96μs at 5.0 MeV, while the minority carrier lifetime decreased significantly from 7.09 ls at 0.5 MeV to 0.06μs at 5.0 MeV. Six types of changes in the energy levels in DLTS spectra were analyzed and discussed.
文摘Background and Purpose: Quality of life as an important factor in health is very important. This study is looking for an appropriate and effective treatment for improving quality of life. This research aims to study the psychological effect of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on quality of life of adult women suffering from obesity. Methods and Materials: This research is a kind of half-trail, with pattern of pre-test, post-test and group control. Statistical population includes all over-weight women with body mass index (BMI) range (30 - 40) who participated in family training sessions held in Shahin Shahr city. 40 patients who had the characteristics for sampling were selected and randomly placed in test and control groups (each group 20 people). Participants in each group before and after intervention quality of life questionnaire with 100 question sample World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-100 were evaluated. 12 sessions of acceptance and commitment therapy in group was used. The obtained data were analyzed with the use of Sciences Statistical Package for the Social (SPSS) 18 statistical software and methods of analysis of covariance. Findings: After selection of adult women having a BMI between 30 and 40 based on availability who had attended the meeting of family education, by invitation and voluntary, they were randomized into experimental and control groups. Intervention was done for experimental group. Due to the result of covariance analysis on the post-test stage, examination group showed significant improvement in variants physical health dimensions, level of independence in social and environmental relationships and spirituality (p < 0.01). Conclusion: According to the findings of this research based on the impact of acceptance and commitment intervention on promotion and improving in quality of life, this treatment can be used for improving the variants in women suffering from over-weight and obesity.
文摘目的探讨基于认知-行为的多层次护理干预对卒中后抑郁(post-stroke depression,PSD)的效果影响。方法选择武汉科技大学附属天佑医院神经内科2019年1月—2023年1月住院的110例PSD患者作为研究对象,对上述患者入院的前后顺序进行标号,随机分为2组,对照组(n=55)予以常规护理措施干预,在此基础上观察组(n=55)予以基于认知-行为的多层次护理干预。2组患者干预前和干预后1个月,分别采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression scale,HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(Hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA)、简易精神状态检查量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)、Barthel指数(barthel index,BI)、生活质量综合评定问卷-74(generic quality of life inventory 74,GQOLI-74)评估患者的精神症状、认知状况、日常生活能力、生活质量。结果与观察组护理干预前和对照组干预后比较,观察组护理干预后HAMD(16.01±1.97)分、HAMA(14.37±1.48)分均明显降低(P<0.05);观察组护理干预后MMSE(28.74±3.16分)、BI(83.09±7.81分)及生活质量评分均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论基于认知-行为的多层次护理干预可明显改善PSD患者的精神症状、认知状况及日常生活能力,同时生活质量也得到明显地提高。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71371035)
文摘Accelerated life testing(ALT)has been widely used to obtain information about the product's life characteristics at normal conditions in a relatively short period of time.Two key issues with ALT are test design and data analysis.The test design of constant stress ALT was studied in this paper.The test design usually combines engineering experiences with optimization models.Such approaches are hard to be implemented by practitioners.A"pure"empirical approach was presented to address this issue.With the proposed approach,some of the decision variables are determined based on the results from the literature,some of the other variables are determined based on engineering analysis and /or judgment,and the remaining variables are determined based on the empirical relations developed in this paper.A real-world example is included to illustrate the appropriateness of the proposed approach.
