Light Fraction Carbon and Water-Stable Aggregates in Black Soils

The distribution of light fraction carbon (LF-C) in the various size classes of aggregates and its relationship to water-stable aggregates as well as the influence of cultivation on the organic components in virgin and cultivated black soils were studied by wet sieving and density separation methods. The total organic carbon (TOC) and LF-C were significantly higher (P≤0.05) in the virgin soils than in the cultivated soils. The LF-C in aggregates of different size classes varied from 0.9 to 2.5 g kg-1 in the cultivated soils and from 2.5 to 7.1 g kg-1 in the virgin soils, whereas the ratio of LF-C to TOC varied from 1.9% to 7.3% and from 5.0% to 12.2%, respectively. After being incubated under constant temperature and controlled humidity for three months, the contribution of LF-C to TOC sharply decreased to an amount (1.7%-8.5%) close to the level in soils that had been cultivated for 20 to 25 years (1.3%-8.8%). As a result, the larger water-stable macro-aggregates (especially > 1 mm) decreased sharply, indicating that the LF-C pool in virgin soils declined quickly after cultivation, which reduced the water stability of soil aggregates.

Relationship between light and heavy fractions of organic matter for several agricultural soils in China

Although numerous studies about the nature and turnover of soil organic matter（SOM） in light and heavy fractions（ LFOM and HFQM, respectively） have been made, little information is available in relation to the relationship between LFQM and HFOM, and no attempts have been made to quantify a general relationship between LFQM and HFQM for agricultural soils under field condition. Qur hypothesis is there may be an inherent relationship between LFQM and HFQM for agricultural soils under certain unaltered management practices for a long period, to this end, we therefore studied typically soils taken from different parts in China by using a simple density fractionation procedure. The results indicated that LFQM was positively correlated with LFOM/HFOM ratio for three typical soils. This information will be of particular use not only in deepening our understanding of the dynamics of SQM fractions but also in evaluating the potential of agricultural soils to sequestrate C under different management practices in a long term.

Deadwood affects the soil organic matter fractions and enzyme activity of soils in altitude gradient of temperate forests

The main objective of our study has been to determine the role of deadwood in the shaping of the amount of soil organic matter fractions in mountain forest soils.For this purpose,a climosequence approach comprising north(N)and south(S)exposure along the altitudinal gradient(600,800,1000 and 1200 m a.s.l.)was set up.By comparing the properties of decomposing deadwood and those of the soils located directly beneath the decaying wood we drew conclusions about the role of deadwood in the shaping of soil organic matter fractions and soil carbon storage in different climate conditions.The basic properties,enzymatic activity and fractions of soil organic matter(SOM)were determined in deadwood and affected directly by the components released from decaying wood.Heavily decomposed deadwood impacts soil organic matter stabilization more strongly than the less decayed deadwood and the light fraction of SOM is more sensitive to deadwood effects than the heavy fraction regardless of the location in the altitude gradient.Increase in SOM mineral-associated fraction C content is more pronounced in soils under the influence of deadwood located in lower locations of warmer exposure.Nutrients released from decaying wood stimulate the enzymatic activity of soils that are within the range of deadwood influence.

填闲作物还田方式对烟田土壤轻重组有机碳的影响

为了提高多年连作烟田的土壤肥力,改善土壤生态环境,在烤烟冬闲期种植油菜、冬牧70、光叶紫花苕等3种作物,同时以冬季空闲不种植任何作物为对照,采取2种方式(掩青和收割)进行处理,通过测定不同处理不同土层的土壤轻、重组有机碳含量、比例及储量,探讨填闲作物收割和掩青处理对烟田土壤轻重组有机碳的影响。结果表明,不同填闲作物和不同还田方式下土壤总有机碳、重组有机碳、轻组有机碳含量均随着土壤深度的增加而降低。与对照相比,填闲作物掩青处理能够显著增加土壤总有机碳、重组有机碳、轻组有机碳含量,尤其是冬牧70在20~40 cm土层增加比较显著,分别增加了22.3%、21.98%、27.78%;填闲作物收割处理会降低土壤轻组有机碳比例和土壤轻组有机碳储量,而掩青处理则会增加土壤轻组有机碳比例和轻组有机碳储量,其中冬牧70掩青在0~20 cm土层增加比较明显,分别增加了18.14%、40.03%。填闲作物掩青处理增加了烟田土壤的含水量和持水量、降低了土壤容重以及增加土壤轻重组有机碳储量。综合来看,冬牧70掩青处理效果最好,能显著增加土壤总有机碳和轻重组有机碳含量,油菜次之。

城市群花粉过敏网络关注度及影响因素研究

研究花粉过敏网络关注度时空特征及影响因素有利于掌握相关信息,服务民生。本文结合百度指数、气象、遥感数据,分析8个城市群2017—2021年花粉过敏网络关注度时空特征与影响因素,并采用随机森林、反向传播神经网络模型进行模拟。结果表明:(1)时空特征:关注度每年高峰期在春季(4—5月);人口聚集的城市最高,在空间上聚集,京津冀、山东半岛、长三角、珠三角城市群为热点区。(2)与影响因素关系:有效范围内,温度升高、短时雷暴雨、空气质量差、光合有效辐射吸收分量升高、夜间灯光强,关注度高;高湿、高风速、大雨、久雨,关注度低;夜间灯光相关性最高。(3)城市群方面:北方城市群的温度、沿海城市群的湿度、地形起伏大城市群的风速、南方城市群的降水、珠三角和长三角城市群的空气质量指数、珠三角和京津冀城市群的光合有效辐射吸收分量重要性大,夜间灯光都不可替代。(4)随机森林和反向传播神经网络适用于模拟关注度,各城市群R^(2)均在0.64~0.92之间,RMSE、MAE均在1以下,反向传播神经网络比随机森林模拟效果更好。成渝城市群2个模型拟合度均优,其次是京津冀、珠三角和长江中游城市群。本文的方法和结果可为花粉过敏相关工作提供参考。

整合多源遥感数据的洪涝灾害评估恢复——以河南“7·20”暴雨灾害为例

洪涝灾害发生后通过植被指数和灯光指数定量评估灾后恢复情况,对灾区经济建设和生态恢复的评估具有重要科学意义。该文以河南“7·20”暴雨灾害区为研究区,基于日度和月度NPP-VIIRS数据、Sentinel-NDVI、MODIS-EVI数据和统计年鉴数据,构建归一化差异城市指数(normalized difference urban index,NDUI)来表征城市内部空间细节;基于回归模型模拟人口和国内生产总值的空间分布;从研究区的夜间灯光数据和植被覆盖数据2个不同的维度来评估洪涝灾害。结果表明:高危区和中危区总面积为1429.04 km^(2),占研究区总面积的6.06%,高危地区主要分布在郑州西部、新乡东部、安阳东部、鹤壁北部,其中郑州市受灾严重程度最高;从植被覆盖度恢复率(vegetation cover recovery rate,VCRR)来看,卫辉市、淇县、滑县、林州市等地区整体植被恢复情况较差,其VCRR的值大部分在0以下,植被覆盖有恶化趋势。NDUI与社会经济统计数据拟合精度高于0.8,表明NDUI可以在洪涝灾害发生后应用于精确位置救援和灾后针对性重建工作;NPP-VIIRS和MODIS-EVI评估洪涝灾害的结果具有很好的互补性,2种数据的有机结合进行洪涝灾害研究,对灾后救援和恢复评估均有较高的应用价值。

Conventional tillage improves the storage of soil organic carbon in heavy fractions in the Loess Plateau, China

Soil labile organic carbon （C） plays an important role in improving soil quality. The relatively stable fractions of soil organic C （SOC） represent the bulk of SOC, and are also the primary determinant of the long-term C balance of terrestrial ecosystems. Different land use types can influence the distribution patterns of different SOC fractions. However, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In the present study, different fractions of SOC were determined in two land use types： a grazed grassland （established on previously cultivated cropland 25 years ago, GG） and a long-term cultivated millet cropland （MC）. The results showed that C concentration and C storage of light fractions （LF） and heavy fractions （HF） presented different patterns along the soil profiles in the two sites. More plant residues in GG resulted in 91.9% higher LF storage at the 0-10 cm soil depth, further contributed to 21.9% higher SOC storage at this soil depth; SOC storage at 20-60 cm soil depth in MC was 98.8% higher than that in GG, which could be mainly attributed to the HF storage 104.5% higher than in GG. This might be caused by the long-term application of organic manure, as well as the protection from plough pan and silt- and clay-sized particles. The study indicated that different soil management practices in this region can greatly influence the variations of different SOC fractions, while the conventional tillage can greatly improve the storage of SOC by in- creasing heavy fractions.

Effects of Caragana microphylla plantations on organic carbon sequestration in total and labile soil organic carbon fractions in the Horqin Sandy Land, northern China

Afforestation is conducive to soil carbon（C） sequestration in semi-arid regions. However, little is known about the effects of afforestation on sequestrations of total and labile soil organic carbon（SOC） fractions in semi-arid sandy lands. In the present study, we examined the effects of Caragana microphylla Lam. plantations with different ages（12-and 25-year-old） on sequestrations of total SOC as well as labile SOC fractions such as light fraction organic carbon（LFOC） and microbial biomass carbon（MBC）. The analyzed samples were taken from soil depths of 0–5 and 5–15 cm under two shrub-related scenarios： under shrubs and between shrubs with moving sand dunes as control sites in the Horqin Sandy Land of northern China. The results showed that the concentrations and storages of total SOC at soil depths of 0–5 and 5–15 cm were higher in 12-and 25-year-old C. microphylla plantations than in moving sand dunes（i.e., control sites）, with the highest value observed under shrubs in 25-year-old C. microphylla plantations. Furthermore, the concentrations and storages of LFOC and MBC showed similar patterns with those of total SOC at the same soil depth. The 12-year-old C. microphylla plantations had higher percentages of LFOC concentration to SOC concentration and MBC concentration to SOC concentration than the 25-year-old C. microphylla plantations and moving sand dunes at both soil depths. A significant positive correlation existed among SOC, LFOC, and MBC, implying that restoring the total and labile SOC fractions is possible by afforestation with C. microphylla shrubs in the Horqin Sandy Land. At soil depth of 0–15 cm, the accumulation rate of total SOC under shrubs was higher in young C. microphylla plantations（18.53 g C/（m^2·a）; 0–12 years） than in old C. microphylla plantations（16.24 g C/（m^2·a）; 12–25 years）, and the accumulation rates of LFOC and MBC under shrubs and between shrubs were also higher in young C. microphylla plantations than in old C. microphylla plantations. It can be concluded that the establishment of C. microphylla in the Horqin Sandy Land may be a good mitigation strategy for SOC sequestration in the surface soils.

坡面片蚀泥沙有机碳组分及^(13)C同位素不均匀富集对水动力学参数的响应

[目的]探究片蚀泥沙轻组有机碳(LF_(OC))和重组有机碳(HF_(OC))不均匀富集的水动力学和碳同位素特征,为正确理解水蚀作用下土壤有机碳库变化提供理论与技术支撑。[方法]以陕西省咸阳市杨凌区土为研究对象,采用改进“三区”移动式变坡钢制土槽,结合人工模拟降雨技术,测定径流水动力学参数和泥沙各粒径团聚体有机碳组成及其δ^(13)C值,并辅以棕壤侵蚀泥沙有机碳δ^(13)C值和水力参数,验证土试验结果的准确性。[结果]①雨强和坡度较小时,侵蚀泥沙LF_(OC)和HF_(OC)易发生富集,且相较黏粉粒和微团聚体,大团聚体LF_(OC)与HF_(OC)含量受雨强和坡度的影响更大;②侵蚀泥沙黏粉粒中有机碳δ^(13)C值与其有机碳活跃分数(λ)呈负相关,而其他粒径团聚体有机碳δ^(13)C值与其λ呈显著正相关(p<0.05);③流速与黏粉粒λ显著正相关(p<0.05),雷诺数与各粒径团聚体有机碳δ^(13)C值均呈显著负相关(p<0.01),片蚀过程中流速越大,黏粉粒中LF_(OC)越易于优先输移,而紊流加剧则促进低δ^(13)C值团聚体有机碳的优先输移;④对于侵蚀泥沙黏粉粒,流速和雷诺数越大,其有机碳δ^(13)C值越小,λ越大;对于微团聚体和大团聚体,雷诺数越小,其有机碳δ^(13)C值与λ越大。[结论]片蚀过程中轻重组有机碳流失与流速和雷诺数密切相关。并进一步验证了^(13)C同位素对侵蚀泥沙有机碳示踪的有效性。

土壤-超积累植物体系中稀土元素的空间富集-分异特征与富集机理

离子吸附型稀土矿是我国南方特色的优质稀土资源,但由于落后的采矿方式和无节制的开采,大量稀土元素(稀土元素+Y,简称稀土元素)被带入环境中,导致稀土矿区周边出现许多环境污染和植被退化问题。乌毛蕨是一种对稀土元素具有较强耐受性和超强富集能力的蕨类超积累植物,能被用于稀土污染土壤或尾矿的生态修复。本研究以离子吸附型矿区表生土壤上生长的稀土超积累植物乌毛蕨及其根际土为研究对象,通过化学消解和ICP-MS方法测定根际土、根表、根部、叶柄、叶片中稀土元素的含量,分析土壤–植物体系中稀土元素的空间分布、富集与分异特征;采用顺序提取法测定土壤中不同化学形态的稀土元素含量,同时利用微区X射线荧光光谱(μ-XRF)与扫描电镜能谱分析技术(SEM-EDS),阐明乌毛蕨对稀土元素的吸收与富集机理。化学测试结果表明,乌毛蕨对稀土元素有较强的富集和地上转运能力,富集系数(BF)和转移系数(TF)分别为2.61和2.85;植物器官富集能力顺序为:叶片(1750μg/g)>根部(512μg/g)>叶柄(56.5μg/g);植株整体稀土元素配分模式具有与根际土相似的富轻土元素和Ce负异常特征,不同的是,植株整体Eu无异常(根际土δEu=0.51);根际土壤中富集离子交换态的轻稀土离子(34%~64%,(La/Yb)N=2.36),与根系表面呈轻微富轻稀土元素((La/Yb)N=1.29)的现象暗示根际大部分轻稀土元素能以离子形式被根系吸收,重稀土元素与有机配体络合而被吸附在根系表面;稀土元素在向上迁移过程中,(La/Yb)N值下降(叶柄=27.63,叶片=17.17),揭示木质部伤流液的重稀土元素可能比轻稀土元素更容易向上迁移;μ-XRF与SEM-EDS结果显示,乌毛蕨地上部的超富集器官(叶片)将稀土元素主要储存在叶缘的表皮层细胞,且能将大部分非生理需要的稀土元素有效区室化。上述认识揭示了在离子吸附型稀土矿区表生环境中,稀土元素从土壤向植物体内迁移并在地上部富集与分异的过程、规律和主要原因,为今后利用稀土超积累植物实现植物采矿或稀土尾矿生态修复提供科学认知基础。

Soil Organic Carbon,Carbon Fractions and Nutrients as Affected by Land Use in Semi-Arid Region of Loess Plateau of China

Cropland (CP),native grassland (NG) and two shrub land treatments which were converted from cropland in 1985:seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) (ST),and branchytamarisk (Tamarix ramosissima) (BT) were investigated to evaluate effects of land use conversion on soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil nutrients in the semi-arid region of the Loess Plateau of China.Total organic carbon (TOC),light fraction organic carbon (LFOC),heavy fraction organic carbon (HFOC),total N (TN),nitrate nitrogen (NO 3-N) and nitrite nitrogen (NO 2-N),ammonium nitrogen (NH + 4-N),total P,and available P (AP) were measured.The results showed that SOC in NG,ST and BT were 12.7%,27.7% and 34.8% higher than that of the cropland,respectively.LFOC,light fraction (LF) dry matter,ratio of TOC to TN (C/N) and the ratio of TOC to AP (C/P) were higher in the shrub land or native grassland than in the cropland.Cropland had the highest TN,the sum of NO 3-N and NO 2-N,TP and AP due to the use of chemical fertilizers.TOC significantly correlated with LFOC,HFOC and C/N.LFOC significantly correlated with dry matter of the LF and C/N.TN,the sum of NO 3-N and NO 2-N and AP were significantly negatively correlated with TOC and LFOC.Therefore,land use conversion from cropland to shrub land,or maybe grassland,contributed to SOC sequestration and improved soil nutrients stabilization.

Soil Organic Matter Fractions under Different Vegetation Types in Permafrost Regions along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway, North of Kunlun Mountains, China

As a key attribute of soil quality, soil organic matter(SOM) and its different fractions play an important role in regulating soil nutrient cycling and soil properties.This study evaluated the soil carbon(C) and nitrogen(N) concentrations in different SOM fractions(light– and heavy fractions,microbial biomass) under different vegetation types and analyzed their influencing factors in continuous permafrost regions along the Qinghai-Tibet Highway in the North of Kunlun Mountains, China.Soil samples were collected in pits under four vegetation types — Alpine swamp meadow(ASM), Alpine meadow(AM), Alpine steppe(AS) and Alpine desert(AD) — at the depth of 0-50 cm.The vegetation coverage was the highest at ASM and AM, followed byAS and AD.The results indicated that the concentrations of light fraction carbon(LFC) and nitrogen(LFN), and microbial biomass carbon(MBC)and nitrogen(MBN) decreased as follows: ASM > AM >AS > AD, with the relatively stronger decrease of LFC,whereas the heavy fraction carbon(HFC) and nitrogen(HFN) concentrations were lower in AS soils than in the AD soils.The relatively higher proportions of LFC/SOC and MBC/SOC in the 0-10 cm depth under the ASM soils are mainly resulted from its higher substrate input and soil moisture content.Correlation analysis demonstrated that aboveground biomass, soil moisture content, soil organic carbon(SOC) and total nitrogen(TN) positively correlated to LFC, LFN, HFC, HFN, MBC and MBN, while p H negatively correlated to LFC, LFN, HFC, HFN, MBC and MBN.There was no relationship between active layer thickness and SOM fractions, except for the LFC.Results suggested that vegetation cover, soil moisture content, and SOC and TN concentrations were significantly correlated with the amount and availability of SOM fractions, while permafrost had less impact on SOM fractions in permafrost regions of the central Qinghai–Tibet Plateau.

基于热集成的轻烃回收装置气体分馏系统用能优化

针对轻烃回收装置气体分馏系统进行模拟分析与用能优化,并基于Aspen Plus流程模拟,探讨了进料温度、回流比对系统能耗的影响。考虑到炼化低温余热相对富余,结合工艺分析和精馏序列优化,并改善热源、热阱的不匹配性,降低脱乙烷塔和脱丁烷塔塔底温度,提出了集成热媒水系统、热泵系统的气体分馏改进工艺以降低装置能耗,并对改进前后的能效和经济性进行了对比分析。结果表明:4种改进方案均可降低气体分馏系统能耗15.61%以上,年净效益151.80万元以上。集成热媒水系统的改进工艺耗量降低0.52 MW,降幅达40.95%,年净效益400.57万元,投资回收期为0.42 a。集成直接式热泵系统的改进工艺方案改进效果最佳,过程耗量降低0.67 MW,降幅达53.04%,年净效益498.18万元,投资回收期为1.41 a。

强脉冲光联合点阵CO_(2)激光治疗皮肤光老化疗效分析

目的:探究强脉冲光联合点阵CO_(2)激光在光老化患者皮肤中的应用效果。方法:选取2020年6月-2022年7月笔者医院收治的135例光老化患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组(45例)、点阵CO_(2)激光组(45例)及强脉冲光组(45例),其中点阵CO_(2)激光组给予点阵CO_(2)激光治疗,强脉冲光组给予强脉冲光治疗,观察组给予强脉冲光联合点阵CO_(2)激光治疗。比较三组光老化患者皮肤质地、屏障功能及色素沉着情况。结果:观察组治疗总有效率(93.33%)、面部皮肤色素沉着治疗的总有效率、安全性、治疗舒适度、近期美观度及远期效果维持度评分显著高于点阵CO_(2)激光组(75.56%)、强脉冲光组(73.33%);点阵CO_(2)激光组与强脉冲光组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与治疗前比较,三组治疗后皮肤色斑、纹理、皱纹、毛孔、紫质评分均显著降低,且观察组显著低于强脉冲光组及点阵CO_(2)激光组(P<0.05);与治疗前比较,治疗后观察组皮肤pH值显著降低,且明显低于强脉冲光组、点阵CO_(2)激光组。与治疗前比较,三组治疗后经皮水分丢失显著降低,皮肤含水量、油脂含量显著升高,且观察组改善效果明显强脉冲光组、点阵CO_(2)激光组(P<0.05);观察组不良反应的总发生率显著低于点阵CO_(2)激光组、强脉冲光组(P<0.05),点阵CO_(2)激光组与强脉冲光组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:强脉冲光联合点阵CO_(2)激光治疗光老化患者可有效改善患者皮肤质地,修复皮肤屏障,减少皮肤色素沉着,效果显著。

典型黑土的黑度与土壤有机质组分关系研究

土壤颜色作为土壤的一项重要物理指标,被广泛应用于土壤诊断、分类以及土壤性质判断。在矿物成分大致相同条件下,土壤有机质(SOM)是控制土壤变黑的重要因素。采用基于CIE L*a*b*颜色分析系统的分光测色仪,并结合土壤物理分组方法,对30个典型黑土及其物理组分(轻组、粗颗粒、细颗粒和矿质结合态有机质)的黑度进行了分析,旨在明确黑土SOM含量与其黑度间的定量关系,揭示不同物理组分对土壤黑度的贡献。结果表明:黑土的黑度与SOM、以及各物理组分的黑度与相应组分的有机碳含量之间,均呈显著正相关关系。而且随着组分稳定程度的增加,这种相关性逐渐增强。从不同组分看,轻组和粗颗粒组分的黑度值大于细颗粒和矿质结合态组分,但相关分析表明,轻组和粗颗粒组分的黑度与原土黑度无显著相关关系,二者对土壤黑度的贡献率仅为2.6%。而矿质结合态组分作为土壤腐殖质的主要储存位置,其对土壤的黑度贡献率达81%以上,是黑土呈现黑色的决定性因素。

强脉冲光联合超脉冲点阵CO_(2)激光治疗面部痤疮瘢痕的疗效及相关皮肤生理指标分析

目的:探讨强脉冲光联合超脉冲点阵CO_(2)激光治疗面部痤疮瘢痕的效果及对皮肤生理指标的影响。方法:回顾性分析64例面部痤疮瘢痕患者的资料,依照接受治疗方案不同分为两组,即采用超脉冲点阵CO_(2)激光治疗的患者为对照组,选择超脉冲点阵CO_(2)激光联合强脉冲光治疗纳入观察组,并通过二元Logistic回归分析构建倾向性得分模型(卡钳值为0.5),经倾向性匹配评分评估共得出32组基线差异无统计学意义的病例资料。评定两组治疗5次后的临床疗效,对比两组治疗前后的瘢痕面积程度、痤疮瘢痕严重程度[临床痤疮瘢痕评估量表(ECCA)权重评分]、皮肤生理指标[VISIA皮肤分析仪中紫外线、红色区、紫质、皱纹、斑点、纹理、毛孔及棕色斑共8项评分],记录两组治疗期间出现的不良反应。结果:观察组的临床总有效率显著高于对照组(93.75%VS 71.88%,P<0.05);治疗5次后,两组瘢痕面积较治疗前均显著缩小(P<0.05),两组ECCA权重评分、VISIA皮肤分析仪8项指标(紫外线、红色区、紫质、皱纹、斑点、纹理、毛孔及棕色斑)评分较治疗前降低(P<0.05),且观察组除VISIA评分中斑点、棕色斑2项评分之外其余上述指标均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组不良反应总发生率低于对照组(9.38%VS31.25%,P<0.05)。结论:强脉冲光联合超脉冲点阵CO_(2)激光治疗面部痤疮瘢痕的疗效显著,能明显缩小痤疮瘢痕面积,减轻痤疮瘢痕严重程度,并有效改善皮肤生理状况,减少治疗不良反应,临床应用安全、有效。

Review of laser and light therapy in the treatment of oculofacial pathology

Demand for non-invasive techniques to treat oculofacial pathology has allowed for the growth and development of several new laser and light therapy modalities. These modalities include the use of intense pulsed light(IPL) and photodynamic therapy(PDT), light-emitting diode devices, as well as ablative and non-ablative lasers. Therapeutic applications in the periorbital area may involve the treatment of vascular lesions, telangiectasias, dyspigmentation, photodamage, hypertrichosis, rhytids, and scars. Laser and light-based technology offers patients treatment options that range from conservative to aggressive, allowing for choices between subtle results with little downtime or dramatic results with longer downtime. Advantages of laser treatments, as compared to traditional medical and surgical treatments, include a longer lasting effect than some of the conservative therapies and the ability to serve as a happy medium between non-invasive topical medicine and invasive surgical techniques. For patients seekingnon-invasive alternatives, these modalities confer a major advantage over incisional surgery. Understanding appropriate usage, side effects, and outcomes is before treating functional and cosmetic issues. Here we present a review of current treatment modalities, their use, side effects, and outcomes.

黔中不同发育阶段马尾松人工林土壤有机碳组分变化特征

为探究马尾松人工林发育对土壤不同活性有机碳组分的影响,采用时空替代法,选取黔中地区不同发育阶段的马尾松人工林为研究对象,研究马尾松人工林发育过程中土壤总有机碳(TOC)、重组有机碳(HFOC)和轻组有机碳(LFOC)含量、比例的变化及相互关系。结果显示:(1)不同发育阶段0~80 cm土层内重组质量分数的范围为83%~91%,轻组为9%~17%,重组中有机碳的含量为1.53~33.07 g/kg,轻组为8.20~119.10 g/kg;(2)通过对土层容重和相应有机碳含量进行加权,得出5个发育阶段TOC、HFOC和LFOC的平均值为11.62~18.83 g/kg、7.52~12.05 g/kg、4.10~7.33 g/kg,TOC和HFOC在幼龄林至近熟林阶段逐渐升高,在成熟至过熟林阶段降低,LFOC随发育阶段呈降低-升高-降低-升高变化趋势;3种有机碳含量均随土层加深而降低,且表层多显著(P<0.05)高于其他土层;(3)不同发育阶段0~80 cm土层内HFOC/TOC、LFOC/TOC的范围分别为32%~80%、20%~68%,但在发育阶段和土层深度间的变化趋势不明显;(4)3种有机碳组分两两之间均为正相关,TOC与HFOC之间相关性最强(R 2=0.92)。研究结果表明:黔中马尾松人工林发育的后期,土壤对TOC和HFOC固持的能力下降,需进行合适的人工管理,以加强马尾松人工林的地力维持。

超脉冲二氧化碳点阵激光联合强脉冲光治疗面部痤疮凹陷性瘢痕的疗效分析

目的 探讨超脉冲二氧化碳点阵激光联合强脉冲光治疗面部痤疮凹陷性瘢痕的疗效分析。方法 选取笔者医院2020年1月-2022年12月面部痤疮凹陷性瘢痕患者92例,依据随机数字表法将患者分为2组,研究组和对照组分别为46例。研究组给予超脉冲二氧化碳点阵激光联合强脉冲光治疗,对照组单纯给予超脉冲二氧化碳点阵激光治疗,比较两组临床治疗有效率、痤疮瘢痕临床评分量表(ECCA)权重评分、皮肤屏障功能指标及不良反应发生情况。结果 研究组临床治疗总有效率(95.65%)高于对照组(78.26%),差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。研究组治疗后ECCA权重评分低于对照组,且两组组内治疗前后ECCA权重评分对比,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。研究组治疗后皮肤屏障功能指标明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 超脉冲二氧化碳点阵激光联合强脉冲光治疗面部痤疮凹陷性瘢痕临床疗效显著,明显提高皮肤屏障功能,改善痤疮凹陷性瘢痕患者的ECCA权重评分,安全性高,适宜临床推广应用。