药百合根尖染色体C-带分析

利用Giemsa C-带方法对药百合(Lilium speciosumThunb.var.glorosoidesBaker)进行了研究。结果表明:药百合的染色体数目为2n=2x=24,带型公式为:2n=24=8C+4CI++2CI++2CN+4I++2I+T++2,单套染色体条带总数为20条。染色体A、E、H、J、K的着丝点区域和染色体F的短臂上显示出很强的带纹,染色体A为随体染色体,具有明显的次缢痕带,染色体B的短臂上显示出3条强弱不同的带纹。通过Giemsa C-带方法可以将药百合的每条染色体区分开,药百合C-带带纹的这些特征将为其在杂交育种中后代的鉴定及特异基因的染色体定位提供可靠的依据。

HPLC法测定百合、卷丹、细叶百合中3种甾体皂苷的含量

目的 HPLC法同时测定百合、卷丹、细叶百合中3种甾体皂苷的含量。方法采用HPLC法,色谱柱为Akzonobel Kromasil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸,检测波长210 nm,流速1.0mL/min。结果 (25R)-26-O-(β-D-吡喃葡萄糖)-呋甾烷-5-烯-3β,22R,26-三羟基-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(简称皂苷1)在2～12μg呈良好线性关系(r=0.9998);(25R)-螺甾烷-5-烯-3β-O-α-L-鼠李糖-(1→2)-O-[β-D-葡萄糖-(1→6)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(简称皂苷2)在3.125～18.75μg呈良好线性关系(r=0.9999);(25R)-3β,17α-二羟基-5α-螺甾烷-6-酮-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖-(l→2)-O-[α-L-阿拉伯糖-(l→3)]-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(简称皂苷3)在1.125～9μg呈良好线性关系(r=0.9997)。皂苷1、2、3的平均回收率分别为97.72%、99.27%、98.96%,RSD分别为1.96%、1.78%、1.31%。结论所建立的HPLC法简便快速、准确度高,可用于百合药材的质量控制。

卷丹和百合化学成分与提取方法研究进展

介绍了近十年来,卷丹和百合化学成分和提取方法方面的研究进展,主要集中在甾体皂苷、多糖和秋水仙碱;甾体皂苷的提取方法有醇提—大孔树脂吸附法、醇提—正丁醇萃取法;多糖的提取方法有水提醇沉法和复合酶法;秋水仙碱的提取方法有有机溶剂提取法和超临界二氧化碳流体萃取法。

食用药百合组织培养及其多倍体诱导研究

对食用药百合进行了组织培养和多倍体诱导研究。以百合的鳞片和正在生长的茎尖作为外植体,采用MS培养基作为基本培养基,设置不同浓度激素研究组织培养快繁的最佳方法;在离体培养条件下,初步比较了不同浓度的秋水仙素处理百合的诱变效果。结果表明:在温度25±2℃,光照15h/d,光照强度2000lx,培养基中加蔗糖30g/L、琼脂8g/L、pH5.8培养条件下,鳞片诱导的最适培养基为MS+6-BA1.5mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L,茎尖不定芽诱导的最适培养基为MS+6-BA1.5mg/L+NAA0.1mg/L,生根的最适培养基为1/2MS+KT0.1mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L;0.05%的秋水仙素处理12h诱变效果最佳,诱变率高达40%。

Integrative analysis of metabolome and transcriptome provides new insights into functional components of Lilii Bulbus

Objective:Lilium brownii var.viridulum(LB)and L.lancifolium(LL)are the main sources of medicinal lily(Lilii Bulbus,Baihe in Chinese)in China.However,the functional components of these two species responsible for the treatment efficacy are yet not clear.In order to explore the therapeutic material basis of Lilii Bulbus,we selected L.davidii var.willmottiae(LD)only used for food as the control group to analyze the differences between LD and the other two(LB and LL).Methods:Metabolome and transcriptome were carried out to investigate the differences of active components in LD vs LB and LD vs LL.Data of metabolome and transcriptome was analysed using various analysis methods,such as principal component analysis(PCA),hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA),and so on.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were enriched through KEGG and GO enrichment analysis.Results:The PCA and HCA of the metabolome indicated the metabolites were clearly separated and varied greatly in LL and LB contrasted with LD.There were 318 significantly differential metabolites(SDMs)in LD vs LB group and 298 SDMs in LD vs LL group.Compared with LD group,the significant up-regulation of steroidal saponins and steroidal alkaloids were detected both in LB and LL groups,especially in LB group.The HCA of transcriptome indicated that there was significant difference in LB vs LD group,while the difference between LL and LD varied slightly.Additionally,47540 DEGs in LD vs LB group and 18958 DEGs in LD vs LL group were identified.Notably,CYP450s involving in the biosynthesis of steroidal saponins and steroidal alkaloids were detected,and comparing with LD,CYP724,CYP710A,and CYP734A1 in LB and CYP90B in LL were all up-regulated.Conclusion:This study suggested that steroidal saponins and steroidal alkaloids maybe the representative functional components of Lilii Bulbus,which can provide new insights for Lilii Bulbus used in the research and development of classic famous formula.