Comparison of Sternal Wound Complication after Off-Pump CABG between Skeletonized and Pedicled LIMA Harvesting: A Single Centre Experience in Bangladesh

Background: Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) is a surgical procedure that has gained popularity due to its potential benefits over traditional coronary artery bypass grafting, including reduced morbidity and mortality. However, sternal wound complication (SWC) remains challenging following the procedure. The technique of left internal mammary artery (LIMA) harvesting has been shown to impact the incidence of SWC. This study aimed to compare the incidence of SWC between two techniques of LIMA harvesting, i.e., skeletonized and pedicled. Methods: The study was conducted at the Department of Cardiac Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, and included 60 patients who underwent OPCAB. The patients were divided into two groups of 30 each based on the technique of LIMA harvesting used, i.e., skeletonized (group A) or pedicled (group B). The postoperative ICU care was given to each patient as per the protocol. The statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS version 26.0 for Windows software. Results: The results showed that 5 (8.33%) patients developed SWC, with 1 (1.67%) patient in group A and 4 (6.66%) patients in group B. However, the occurrence of SWC was not statistically significant between the two groups (p = 0.35). The mean age, gender distribution, and comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and anemia were also not statistically significant between the two groups. The number of smokers was statistically significant between the two groups (p = 0.03), and the occurrence of SWC was found to be higher in smoker patients in group B (p = 0.04). Preoperative and postoperative parameters such as duration of operation, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of chest drains, duration of the central venous line, and amount of postoperative mediastinal bleeding were also not statistically significant between the two groups. The distribution of wound complications, duration of ICU stays, and hospital stay between the two groups was also not statistically significant. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study found that the incidence of SWC was less in skeletonized LIMA harvesting than in pedicled LIMA harvesting after OPCAB. However, this finding was not statistically significant. Further studies with larger sample sizes may be needed to confirm these results and determine the appropriate technique of LIMA harvesting to decrease the incidence of SWC after OPCAB.

不同氮源对利玛原甲藻(Prorocentrum lima)生长和产毒的影响

采用单因子实验,设置4个浓度梯度:12μmo·lL-1、25μmol·L-1、50μmo·lL-1和100μmol·L-1,研究了NaNO3、NH4Cl和尿素对利玛原甲藻(Prorocentrum lima)的生长、硝酸还原酶(nitrate reductase,NR)活性以及腹泻性贝毒(diarrhetic shellfish poisoning,DSP)产生的影响,对比分析了利玛原甲藻对3种不同氮源的利用特征.结果发现,以NaNO3、NH4Cl和尿素分别作为氮源时,利玛原甲藻最大生长速率(μmax)相差不大;NaNO3组和尿素组之间最大生物量(X)和硝酸还原酶活性也相近;NH4Cl组最大生物量(X)和硝酸还原酶活性明显低于NaNO3组和尿素组.平台期NaNO3组单位藻细胞OA含量明显高于NH4Cl组和尿素组,NH4Cl组和尿素组之间无显著性差异.这些结果表明,利玛原甲藻可以利用无机氮(NaNO3、NH4Cl)和有机氮盐尿素,利玛原甲藻中可能存在尿素酶;NaNO3和尿素比NH4Cl可能更有利于维持利玛原甲藻的生长;利玛原甲藻毒素的合成与营养盐的形态有关,其中NaNO3最有利于毒素的合成.

海洋底栖甲藻——利玛原甲藻(Prorocentrum lima)对三种赤潮藻的化感作用

为明确利玛原甲藻(Prorocentrum lima)对其它生物可能存在的化感作用,考察了利玛原甲藻培养物、无藻细胞滤液以及腹泻性贝类毒素(diarrhetic shellfish poisoning,DSP)粗提物对塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense)、海洋卡盾藻(Chattonella marina)和东海原甲藻(Prorocentrum donghaiense)3种赤潮藻生长的影响.结果显示,共培养时利玛原甲藻对其它3种赤潮藻的生长有不同程度的抑制作用,其生长也受到3种赤潮藻的影响;无藻细胞滤液对东海原甲藻和海洋卡盾藻有抑制作用,其中对东海原甲藻的抑制作用更明显,但对塔玛亚历山大藻的影响不大;比较而言,DSP粗提物对3种藻的影响最为明显,甚至可完全抑制海洋卡盾藻的生长.这些结果提示,利玛原甲藻与赤潮藻间存在交互抑制作用,可能会通过分泌化感物质、细胞间接触抑制等途径抑制其它藻的生长;利玛原甲藻具有一定的化感作用,但DSP毒素并非利玛原甲藻发挥化感效应的主要原因.

海洋底栖甲藻——利玛原甲藻(Prorocentrum lima)产毒特征的研究

为了解海洋底栖甲藻——利玛原甲藻(Prorocentrum lima)的产毒特征,阐明腹泻性贝毒(Diarrhetic shellfishpoisoning,DSP)复杂的生物合成机制,采用酶联免疫试剂盒,对利玛原甲藻不同生长期、不同营养盐条件下毒素生成情况进行了研究.结果显示,不同生长期单个利玛原甲藻细胞中大田软海绵酸(Okadaic acid,OA)的含量明显不同,平台期时OA含量最高,与对数中期存在显著差异(p<0.05).低N、P条件下藻的生长状况较差,所能到达的藻密度明显低于对照组(f/2培养基);藻细胞中OA的总含量也低于对照组,但单个藻细胞中OA的含量明显高于对照组(p<0.05).以上结果提示,利玛原甲藻DSP毒素的产生可能与藻所处的环境和藻的生理状态等有关.

n型多孔硅的电发光性能及其XPS和LIMA表征

ｎ型多孔硅的电发光性能及其ＸＰＳ和ＬＩＭＡ表征①李国铮＊张承乾张强（山东大学化学系，济南２５０１００）（厦门大学化学系，厦门３６１００５）多孔硅（ＰＳ）的发光性能与其化学组成和结构的关系已为人们所关注．曾有人认为，发光是由于纳米级多孔硅的量子限制效应...

Effects of Ultraviolet(UV)Radiation on Outdoor-and Indoor-Cultured Prorocentrum lima,a Toxic Benthic Dinoflagellate

The effects of different types of ultraviolet(UV)radiation(UVR,wavelength=280-400 nm)and light intensities on cell growth,pigment composition,UV-absorbing compounds(UVACs),and chlorophyll a(Chl a)fluorescence were studied in dinoflag-ellate Prorocentrum lima cultured outdoors for 16 days and indoors for 18 days.In the outdoor experiment,UVA radiation(320-400 nm)increased the growth rate of this dinoflagellate when solar light intensities were<12%;decreased growth rates were observed when intensities were>12%.Exposure to UVB radiation(280-320 nm)alleviated the negative effects of UVA.In the indoor ex-periment,UVA and low doses of UVB enhanced growth rates.Addition of low doses of UVB to UVA exposure resulted in higher contents of Chl a and photoprotective pigments compared with UVA exposure only.The results of both experiments showed that UVB is the primary signal of UVAC synthesis.High-dose UVB exposure accelerated growth rates when UVAC contents were maintained at high levels,suggesting that the latter plays a key role in UVR damage protection.Furthermore,the repair rate was en-hanced by UVB exposure after 16 days of culture.This study confirms the positive effects of UVA and UVB on the growth of P.lima,with the latter enhancing the photoprotective and recovery pathways of the species.

Functional characterization of(E)-β-caryophyllene synthase from lima bean and its up-regulation by spider mites and alamethicin

（E）-β-Caryophyllene is a sesquiterpene compound widely distributed in plants and functions in plant defence. However, little is known about the sequence and function of （E）-β-caryophyllene synthase in lima bean （Phaseolus lunatus）. Here, we report a new full-length cDNA （PICAHS） encoding （E）-β-caryophyllene synthase, a possible key enzyme of plant defence. The cDNA of PICAHS contains an open reading frame of 1 761 bp, encoding a protein of 586 amino acids with a predicted mass of 67.95 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence shows 52% identity with sesquiterpene synthase MtCAHS of Med- icago truncatula. Based on phylogenetic analysis, PICAHS is classified as the terpene synthases （TPS）-a subfamily. The recombinant enzyme, expressed in Escherichia coil, catalysed the formation of a major product （E）-β-caryophyllene （82%） and a minor product a-humulene （18%） from farnesyl dJphosphate. Real-time quantitative PCR （qRT-PCR） analysis found that the PICAHS transcript was significantly up-regulated in leaves after treatment with spider mites and alamethicin （ALA）, suggesting its ecological function in plant defence.

上颌窦根治下鼻道开窗与不作下鼻道开窗的Lima术的临床探讨

<正>我们近二年对上颌根治下鼻道开窗和仅作Lima术的临床结果作了对比,现报告如下。临床资料一、一般资料96例中,男41例,女55例;年龄18~51岁;其中双侧17例,曾行鼻息肉摘除术3次以上者16例。X片均显示上颌窦、筛窦密度高,部分额窦密度也高。全部患者鼻腔充满息肉及脓性物。全部患者在全麻插管下行上颌窦根治术+鼻息肉摘除和筛窦开放术。术后第一天抽去止血纱条。手术分两组,A组56例作下鼻道开窗;B组40例作Lima术未作下鼻通开窗。术后随访6个月至一年。其中A组复发9例。

Predictor-LimA软件在冷却塔噪声预测中的应用研究

以某运行的冷却塔机组项目为研究对象,采用Predictor-Lim A噪声软件对其进行噪声预测,计算出厂界及声环境敏感点的噪声预测值,并模拟出噪声影响地图,通过对噪声预测值与实测值的对比分析,得出预测值与实测值相差较小,验证了Predictor-Lim A软件在冷却塔噪声预测的适用性,为冷却塔噪声影响评价工作提供了技术依据。

Assessment of achievements of the Lima Climate Change Conference and perspectives on the future

The Lima call for climate action adopted at the Lima Climate Conference on Climate Change specifies that the principles of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,including the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities,shall apply to the new climate agreement to be adopted at the Paris Conference on Climate Change in 2015.Decisions on other heavily debated items,including the intended nationally determined contributions,were also made at the Lima Conference.The significant achievements in Lima and the positive momentum have laid a solid foundation for the adoption of a new climate agreement in the Paris Climate Conference.Four measures are proposed for China to meet great challenges in addressing climate change beyond 2020,including early formulation and issuance of a climate change law,establishment of a greenhouse gas emission trading scheme,promotion of advanced climate technology investments,and further international engagement for climate change.

Lima Bean(Phaseolus lunatus)Protein Hydrolysates with ACE-I Inhibitory Activity

Several protein sources can be used to produce bioactive peptides with angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibittory activity. Protein concentrates from ungerminated and germinated lima bean Phaseolus lunatus seed flours were hydrolyzed with Alcalase 2.4 L or pepsin-pancreatin sequential hydrolysis, and ACE inhibitory activity measured in the different hydrolysis treatments. Protein hydrolysate production was analyzed with a 23 factorial design with four replicates of the central treatment. Evaluated factors were protein concentrate source (ungerminated seeds, PC1;germinated seeds, PC2), enzyme/substrate ratio E/S (1/50 or 1/10) and hydrolysis time (0.5 or 2.0 h for Alcalase;1 or 3 h for pepsin-pancreatin). Degree of hydrolysis (DH) was high for the Alcalase hydrolysates (24.12% 58.94%), but the pepsin-pancreatin hydrolysates exhibited the highest ACE inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.250 0.692 mg/mL). Under the tested conditions, the hydrolysates with the highest ACE inhibitory activity were produced with sequential pepsin-pancreatin using either PC1 at 1 h hydrolysis time and a 1/10 E/S ratio or PC2 at 1 h hydrolysis time and a 1/50 E/S ratio. Lima bean protein hydrolysates prepared with Alcalase or pepsin-pancreatin are a potential ingredient in the production of physiologically functional foods with antihypertensive activity.

Predictor-lima预测软件在道路交通噪声预测中重要参数的影响分析

通过建模计算了Predictor-lima预测软件中道路声源条数、道路宽度、道路坡度、网格大小、地面系数等6个不同参数对预测结果的影响,分析结果将有助于环评工作者在进行噪声预测时合理、准确地选择参数,以保证预测结果。

Effect of Different Treatments on Nutritional Value of Lima Bean (<i>Phaseolus lunatus</i>) and Its Utilization in Biscuit Manufacture

Physical properties, chemical composition, minerals content, amino acids profile and anti-nutritional factors i.e. phytic acid, tannins and trypsin inhibitor of lima bean seeds (Phaseolus lunatus) which newly cultivated in Egypt were investigated. Addition to study the effect of common processing methods (soaking, cooking, roasting, and dehulling) on the chemical composition, minerals content and anti-nutritional factors of lima bean seeds in order to be used in biscuit preparation. Results showed that protein content was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased in dehulled Lima bean (27.06%) compared to raw lima bean (26.02%). All processing methods significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased Soluble Dietary Fiber (SDF), however soaked seeds contained the highest significant Total Dietary Fiber (TDF) (30.18%) and Insoluble Dietary Fiber (IDF) (22.15%). Raw lima bean was superior in calcium, iron, magnesium, sodium, potassium, copper, and zinc compared with all processed samples. Raw lima bean had a higher content of all essential amino acids, except methionine compared to wheat flour of 72% extraction rate. The effect of different processing methods used in this study on lowering phytic acid and tannins, was arranged in the following significant (P ≤ 0.05) order: dehulling > cooking> roasting > soaking. Trypsin inhibitor was completely eliminated by cooking and dehulling treatments. Results showed that no significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) were found in appearance, color, texture and overall acceptability of substituted with 30% raw or processed lima bean and between control biscuit (100% wheat flour). The diameter, spread ratio, chemical composition (protein, ash, crude fiber, SDF, IDF and TDF) and minerals were significantly increased in all substituted biscuits compared to control biscuit. Improvement in the essential amino acid profile of raw Lima biscuit was observed with higher values of essential amino acids, Chemical Score (CS), and Biological Value (BV). This study recommended the use of lima bean in preparing biscuits at 30% replacement to enhance the nutritional composition of biscuits with acceptable sensory properties.

Preliminary Diversity Assessment of Lima Beans (<i>Phaseolus lunatus</i>) Cultivated in Côte D’Ivoire

Lima bean is a legume belonging to Fabaceae family cultivated for edible seeds known to generic name of “haricot”. In Côte d’Ivoire, it’s cultivated on small scale in rural zone by local farmers. The main objective of this study was to document and collect local varieties of Lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus) grown in Côte d’Ivoire in order to define efficient strategies for better conservation, preservation and improvement of its genetic resources. Investigations were carried out in seventeen localities of Côte d’Ivoire from November 2018 to September 2020. A total of 433 accessions were collected. Based on seed coat color, nineteen morphological types were identified. The length of seeds is ranged from 10 mm to 23 mm. The width of seeds varies from 7 mm and 15 mm. The 100-Seeds-weight are ranged from 31 g to 120 g. Comparison using analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a significant difference between the nineteen morphological types of common bean. Two morphological types were observed: large seed cultivars and small seed cultivars. Data showed that the species studied have a good market potential. Thus, their promotion can contribute to the economic well-being of farmers due to their cultural and culinary importance.

Nodulation and Fixed Atmospheric Nitrogen of Some Local Lima Bean (<i>Phaseolus lunatus</i>L.) Cultivars Grown in a Coastal Savannah Environment

Legumes, in symbiotic association with Rhizobia, are able to fix atmospheric N. Six local lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) cultivars were grown under rainfed conditions in a coastal savannah environment. Objectives of the study were to evaluate the nodulation and fixed atmospheric N levels of the six local lima bean cultivars using both the 15N isotope dilution method and N difference method (NDM). The linear relationship between fixed atmospheric N estimated using the 15N isotope dilution method and NDM, was also assessed. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) in three replicates with seven treatments, comprising six lima bean cultivars (B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 and B6) and the early maturing local maize variety, “Doke”, as the reference crop. Total, effective nodules (EN) and non-effective nodules (NEN) were determined on 42 and 56 days after planting (DAP). The 15N isotopic dilution method and NDM were used to quantify the fixed atmospheric N by the lima bean cultivars on 60 DAP. Effective root nodules per plant (EN) on 56 DAP ranged from 0.71 to 1.22, with the lima bean cultivar B4 having the highest value and cultivars B2 and B5 having the lowest value of EN, respectively. Similarly on 56 DAP, the lima bean cultivar B4 had the highest NEN value while cultivars B1, B2 and B5 had the lowest NEN value of 0.71 per plant. The mean fixed atmospheric N was 8.98 kg&middotha-1, based on the 15N isotope dilution method, which was lower than 10.13 kg&middotha-1 of fixed atmospheric N determined using NDM. The linear relationship between fixed atmospheric N estimated using the 15N isotope dilution method and that estimated using the NDM, was positive but of average quality as the R2 value was 0.56. Consequently, the linear model obtained from this relationship is moderate as 56% of the data used for the linear regression analysis were accounted for by the linear regression model developed. However, NDM could be used for fast screening to select lima bean cultivars for a more detailed study to identify cultivars with promising fixed atmospheric N capabilities. Generally, results of the study provide opportunities for designing breeding and other agronomic programmes for enhancing the productivity and N-fixing capacity of local lima beans in the coastal savannah environment.

VTS Clima能源回收式空气处理机组——节能的好帮手

2004年5月24日，上海威柯空调设备有限公司参加了由上海市政府参事室、上海市发展改革委员会能源处，上海市经济委员会节能环保处、上海市制冷学会共同主办的“上海市空调节电，安全度夏”论坛。

Anaortic Off-Pump Complete Arterial Revascularization Using Composite LIMA RIMA Y Sequential 5 Grafts in a Patient with Triple Vessel Disease Performed in a Low Resource Country: A Case Report

The use of bilateral internal thoracic arteries to treat coronary artery disease is very less despite of improved long-term survival. In this case report, a patient presented with TVD has been managed with anaortic off-pump complete arterial revascularization (OPCABG) by using composite LIMA RIMA Y Sequential 5 grafts to achieve complete arterial revascularization successfully. This type of operative procedure is technically difficult in a resource poor country like Bangladesh. However, this has been done by a group of young cardiac surgeon. During follow up, the patient is in a good condition.

基于Predictor-LimA模型的城市典型户外式110kV变电站噪声预测

为更有效地预测变电站噪声传播,建立了基于Predictor-LimA模型的户外式变电站噪声预测模型。选取江苏省某110kV典型户外式变电站为研究对象,应用Predictor-LimA构建的模型能较准确地反映主变产生的源强、分布及影响范围等情况。