Effects of different frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the recovery of upper limb motor dysfunction in patients with subacute cerebral infarction

Studies have confirmed that low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can decrease the activity of cortical neurons, and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can increase the excitability of cortical neurons. However, there are few studies concerning the use of different frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the recovery of upper-limb motor function after cerebral infarction. We hypothesized that different frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with cerebral infarction would produce different effects on the recovery of upper-limb motor function. This study enrolled 127 patients with upper-limb dysfunction during the subacute phase of cerebral infarction. These patients were randomly assigned to three groups. The low-frequency group comprised 42 patients who were treated with 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the contralateral hemisphere primary motor cortex （M1）. The high-frequency group comprised 43 patients who were treated with 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on ipsilateral M1. Finally, the sham group comprised 42 patients who were treated with 10 Hz of false stimulation on ipsilateral M1. A total of 135 seconds of stimulation was applied in the sham group and high-frequency group. At 2 weeks after treatment, cortical latency of motor-evoked potentials and central motor conduction time were significantly lower compared with before treatment. Moreover, motor function scores were significantly improved. The above indices for the low- and high-frequency groups were significantly different compared with the sham group. However, there was no significant difference between the low- and high-frequency groups. The results show that low- and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can similarly improve upper-limb motor function in patients with cerebral infarction.

Effects of Water Weight-Loss Walking Training on Lower Limb Motor Function and Gait in Stroke Patients

Background: Water weight-loss walking training is an emerging physical therapy technique, which provides new ideas for improving the motor function of stroke patients and improving the quality of life of patients. However, the rehabilitation effect of water weight-loss training in stroke patients is currently unclear. Objective: To analyze the effect of water weight loss walking training in stroke patients. Methods: A total of 180 stroke patients admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected and randomly divided into two groups. The control group received routine walking training, and the research group performed weight loss walking training in water on this basis. The lower limb motor function, muscle tone grade, daily living ability, gait and balance ability were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: Compared with the control group, the FMA-LE score (Fugl-Meyer motor assessment of Lower Extremity), MBI score (Modified Barthel Index) and BBS score (berg balance scale) of the study group were higher after treatment, and the muscle tone was lower (P Conclusion: Water weight loss walking training can enhance patients’ muscle tension, correct patients’ abnormal gait, improve patients’ balance and walking ability, and contribute to patients’ motor function recovery and self-care ability improvement.

Major ozonated autohemotherapy promotes the recovery of upper limb motor function in patients with acute cerebral infarction

Major ozonated autohemotherapy is classically used in treating ischemic disorder of the lower limbs In the present study, we performed major ozonated autohemotherapy treatment in patients with acute cerebral infarction, and assessed outcomes according to the U.S. National Institutes of Health Stroke Score, Modified Rankin Scale, and transcranial magnetic stimulation motor-evoked potential. Compared with the control group, the clinical total effective rate and the cortical potential rise rate of the upper limbs were significantly higher, the central motor conduction time of upper limb was significantly shorter, and the upper limb motor-evoked potential amplitude was significantly increased, in the ozone group. In the ozone group, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Score was positively correlated with the central motor conduction time and the motor-evoked potential amplitude of the upper limb. Central motor conduction time and motor-evoked potential amplitude of the upper limb may be effective indicators of motor-evoked potentials to assess upper limb motor function in cerebral infarct patients. Furthermore, major ozonated autohemotherapy may promote motor function recovery of the upper limb in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

A novel glasses-free virtual reality rehabilitation system on improving upper limb motor function among patients with stroke:A feasibility pilot study

Background:Virtual reality(VR)technology is increasingly used in stroke rehabilitation.This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of using the glasses-free VR training to improve motor function of upper limb in patients with stroke.Methods:Twelve patients with stroke were recruited to participate in the intervention of 3 weeks.At the baseline and post intervention,two times of evaluation including Fugl-Meyer upper-extremity scale(FMS-UE),transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)measurement and motion evaluation were performed.Results:No significant difference was observed between two groups at baseline evaluation.After the intervention,the FMS-UE scores presented a greater improvement in the VR group compared with the control group.TMS measurement showed that there was significant difference in cortex latency and central motor conduction time between two groups after the intervention,but no significant difference in the amplitude of motor event potential was observed.In addition,there was a significant correlation between game scores and FMS-UE scores.Conclusions:The novel glasses-free VR training was at least as effective as conventional occupational therapy in upper limb motor function,improving nerve conduction time and corticospinal excitability in patient with stroke.

Right lower limb apraxia in a patient with left supplementary motor area infarction: intactness of the corticospinal tract confirmed by transcranial magnetic stimulation

We reported a 50-year-old female patient with left supplementary motor area infarction who presented right lower limb apraxia and investigated the possible causes using transcranial magnetic stimulation. The patient was able to walk and climb stairs spontaneously without any assistance at 3 weeks after onset. However, she was unable to intentionally move her right lower limb although she understood what she supposed to do. The motor evoked potential evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation from the right lower limb was within the normal range, indicating that the corticospinal tract innervating the right lower limb was uninjured. Thus, we thought that her motor dysfunction was not induced by motor weakness, and confirmed her symptoms as aprax- ia. In addition, these results also suggest that transcranial magnetic stimulation is helpful for diagnosing apraxia.

Botulinum toxin type A plus rehabilitative training for improving the motor function of the upper limbs and activities of daily life in patients with stroke and brain injury

BACKGROUND:Botulinum toxin type A(BTX-A)is mostly to be used to treat various diseases of motor disorders,whereas its effect on muscle spasm after stroke and brain injury needs further observation.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of BTX-A plus rehabilitative training on treating muscle spasm after stroke and brain injury.DESIGN:A randomized controlled observation.SETTINGS:Department of Rehabilitation,Department of Neurology and Department of Neurosurgery,the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University.PARTICIPANTS:Sixty inpatients with brain injury and stroke were selected from the Department of Rehabilitation,Department of Neurology and Department of Neurosurgery,the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2001 to August 2006.They were all confirmed by CT and MRI,and had obvious increase of spastic muscle strength in upper limbs,their Ashworth grades were grade 2 or above.The patients were randomly divided into treatment group(n=30)and control group(n=30).METHODS:①Patients in the treatment group undertook comprehensive rehabilitative trainings,and they were administrated with domestic BTX-A,which was provided by Lanzhou Institute of Biological Products,Ministry of Health(S10970037),and the muscles of flexion spasm were selected for upper limbs,20-25 IU for each site.②Patients in the treatment group were assessed before injection and at 1 and 2 weeks,1 and 3 months after injection respectively,and those in the control group were assessed at corresponding time points.The recovery of muscle spasm was assessed by modified Ashworth scale(MAS,grade 0-Ⅳ;Grade 0 for without increase of muscle strength;GradeⅣfor rigidity at passive flexion and extension);The recovery of motor function of the upper limbs was evaluated with Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA,total score was 226 points,including 100 for exercise,14 for balance,24 for sense,44 for joint motion,44 for pain and 66 for upper limb);The ADL were evaluated with Barthel index,the total score was 100 points,60 for mild dysfunction,60-41 for moderate dysfunction,<40 for severe dysfunction).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Changes of MAS grade,FMA scores and Barthel index before and after BTX-A injection.RESULTS:All the 60 patients with brain injury and stroke were involved in the analysis of results.①FMA scores of upper limbs:The FMA score in the treatment group at 2 weeks after treatment was higher than that before treatment[(14.98±10.14),(13.10±9.28)points,P<0.05],whereas there was no significant difference at corresponding time point in the control group.The FMA scores at 1 and 3 months in the treatment group[(23.36±10.69),(35.36±11.36)points]were higher than those in the control group[(20.55±10.22),(30.33±10.96)points,P<0.01].②MAS grades of upper limbs:There were obviously fewer cases of gradeⅢin MAS at 2 weeks after treatment than before treatment in the treatment group(0,9 cases,P<0.05),whereas there was no obvious difference in the control group.There were obviously fewer cases of gradeⅢin MAS at 2 weeks and 1 month after treatment in the treatment group(0,0 case)than the control group(5,2 cases,P<0.01).③Barthel index of upper limbs:The Barthel index at 2 weeks after treatment was higher than that before treatment in the treatment group[(30.36±22.25),(28.22±26.21)points,P<0.05],whereas there was no significant difference in the control group.The Barthel indexes at 1 and 3 months after treatment in the treatment group were obviously higher than those in the control group[(20.55±10.22),(30.33±10.96)points,P<0.01].CONCLUSION:BTX-A has obvious efficacy on decreasing muscle tension after stroke and brain injury,and relieving muscle spasm;Meanwhile,the combination with rehabilitative training can effectively ameliorate the motor function of upper limbs and ADL of the patients.

Evaluation of the Curative Effect of "Xingnao Kaiqiao" Acupuncture Based on Brunnstrom Staging on Upper Limb and Hand Motor Function in the Recovery Period after Stroke

Objective: To observe the effects of Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture(醒脑开窍针) on the motor function of upper limb and hand in the recovery period after stroke. Methods: Seventy-six cases of hemiplegia patients with ischemic stroke were divided into the treatment group and the control group(n=38 in each). Based on the Brunnstrom's stage of Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training was used in the treatment group, and the control group was given rehabilitation training. FuglMeyer Assessment of the upper extremity(FMA-UE), Action Research Arm Test(ARAT) and Simple Test for Evaluating hand Function(STEF) were adopted separately to compare scores before treatment and 8 weeks after treatment. Results: The difference was not statistically significant in the two groups of patients for comparison of FMA-UE, ARAT and STEF scores before treatment(P>0.05). The difference was statistically significant in the two groups of score comparison of FMA-UE, ARAT and STEF after treatment(P<0.05). Conclusion: The Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture has its unique advantages in improving recovery of motor function of upper limb and hand in recovery period after stroke.

Early application of percutaneous neuromuscular electric stimulation in interfering motor function of limbs and difference in temperature of axilla of patients with ischemic stroke

BACKGROUND： Temperature of axilla could be affected due to motor dysfunction of limbs and neural changes of vessel after ischemic stroke. OBJECTIVE： To observe the effect of percutaneous neuromuscular electric stimulation （PNES） on difference in temperature of axilla and analyze the relationship between function of limbs and difference in temperature of axilla. DESIGN： Randomized grouping and controlled observation SETTING： Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA PARTICIPANTS： Sixty patients with ischemic stroke were selected from Neurological Department of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from January to June 2003. All cases were diagnosed with clinical diagnosis criteria of ischemic stroke established by the Fourth Chinese Classification of Cerebrovasular Disease and CT examination and received neuromuscular electric stimulation （NES）. Patients were randomly divided into control group and treatment group with 30 in each group. METHODS： Control group： Patients received routinely neurological therapy. Treatment group： Except routine therapy, patients suffered from NES at 48 hours after hospitalization. NMT-91 NES equipment was used to stimulated injured limbs with low frequency once 30 minutes a day in total of 10 times a course, especially extensor muscle of upper limb and flexor muscle of lower limb. Prescription of hemiplegia was internally decided by equipment with the output frequency of 200 Hz. Intensity of electric output could cause muscle contraction. The therapy needed two or three courses. Temperature of bilateral axilla was measured every day to calculate the difference with the formula of （temperature of axilla on the injured side - temperature of axilla on the healthy side）. Motor function of limbs was measured with FugI-Meyer Motor Assessment （FMA） during hospitalization and at 2 and 4 hours after hospitalization. Among 90 points, upper and lower limb function was 54, equilibrium function 10, sensory function 10, and motion of joint 16. The higher the scores were, the better the function was. Correlation of data was dealt with linear correlation analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES ： Assessment and correlation between difference in temperature of axilla and motor function of injured limbs during hospitalization and at 2 and 4 weeks after hospitalization. RESULTS： All 60 patients with ischemic stroke were involved in the final analysis. ① Difference in temperature： Difference of 2 and 4 weeks after hospitalization was lower than that in control group and at just hospitalization [treatment group： （0.056±0.000）, （0.024±0.003） ℃; control group： （0.250±0.001）, （0.131 ±0.001）℃; hospitalization; （0.513±0.001） ℃, P 〈 0.05-0,01]. ② FMA scores： Scores of 2 and 4 weeks after hospitalization were higher than those in control group and at just hospitalization [treatment group; （43.50±15.09）, （67.97 ±18.21） points; control group： （33.33 ±13.54）, （40.87±19.34） points; hospitalization： （26.43 ±11.87） points, P 〈 0.05-0.01]. ③ Correlation： Difference in temperature of axilla was negative correlation with FMA scores （c=- -0.255 1, P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： ① PNES can accelerate recovery of limb function and decrease temperature of axilla of patients with ischemic stroke. ② The lower the difference in temperature is, the better the functional recovery is.

经颅直流电刺激对慢性期脑卒中偏瘫患者上肢运动功能的疗效分析

目的:研究双侧经颅直流电刺激(dual-hemispheric transcranial direct current stimulation,Dual-tDCS)对慢性期脑卒中患者上肢运动功能的影响,为治疗慢性期脑卒中上肢功能障碍提供基于神经机制的理论依据。方法:选取某院24例慢性期脑卒中上肢运动功能障碍患者,按照随机数字表法将其分为研究组(n=13)和对照组(n=11)。对照组采用tDCS伪刺激联合常规康复治疗,研究组采用Dual-tDCS联合常规康复治疗。治疗前后,采用Fugl-Meyer运动功能评定量表上肢部分(Fugl-Meyer assessment upper limb scale,FMA-UL)及日常生活活动能力(activities of daily living,ADL)测评量表对患者活动能力进行评估。对比治疗前后初级运动皮层(M1区)与全脑功能连接(functional connectivity,FC)的变化。使用SPSS 24.0统计学软件进行数据分析。结果:治疗后,2组患者的FMA-UL、ADL评分比治疗前均显著提高,且研究组评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。M1区与全脑FC分析显示,治疗后对照组健侧M1区到患侧枕中回、健侧舌回、健侧角回FC降低(P<0.01);患侧M1区未见FC变化脑区。治疗后研究组健侧M1区到健侧小脑、健侧小脑蚓部FC降低,到患侧中央前回FC增加(P<0.01);患侧M1区到患侧小脑、患侧颞中回FC增加,到健侧中央前回FC降低(P<0.01)。结论:Dual-tDCS对大脑的神经调控作用可改善慢性期卒中患者运动和非运动相关脑区的FC,可能是慢性期脑卒中上肢运动功能障碍的康复机制。

Bobath康复训练改善脑卒中后肩手综合征患者上肢运动功能效果分析

目的 探讨Bobath康复训练改善脑卒中后肩手综合征(SHS)患者上肢运动功能效果。方法 采用便利抽样方法选取2022年4月至2023年1月南通市第三人民医院(南通大学附属南通第三医院)康复科收治的110例脑卒中后SHS患者作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,各55例。2组患者均实施基础护理,对照组实施常规康复锻炼,研究组同时联合Bobath康复训练。干预前后,对比2组患者Fugl-Meyer量表(FMA)评分、肩关节活动度评分、肩手综合征评定量表(SHSS)评分及患侧上肢Ashworth分级。结果 干预后,2组患者FMA评分及肩关节前屈、后伸、外展角度均大于干预前,且研究组大于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,2组患者SHSS评分均低于干预前,且研究组低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预前,2组患者中不同Ashworth分级患者占比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,研究组Ashworth分级0~Ⅰ+级患者占比高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 对脑卒中后SHS患者实施Bobath康复训练可提高上肢功能及肩关节活动度,可改善患者患侧上肢痉挛情况。

“手脑感知-手脑运动”理论在脑卒中后上肢康复中的应用

上肢运动功能障碍是脑卒中后患者面临的主要问题,寻求更多有效的康复技术对减轻患者功能障碍程度、提升生活质量具有重要意义。本研究关注感觉功能对上肢运动功能恢复的重要作用,并对“手脑感知-手脑运动”理论开展进一步的解读。在该理论的指导下,课题组就手脑感知康复评估与训练系统创建手脑感知训练五步法(感觉评估、感觉宣教、感觉训练、任务导向性训练和感觉认知)、手脑感知-脑机接口训练范式、手脑感知-镜像疗法训练范式和“手脑感知-手脑运动”理论的其他应用进行阐述,分析了“手脑感知-手脑运动”理论与“中枢-外周-中枢”闭环康复理论的关系,以期为康复医务人员在治疗脑卒中后上肢感觉、运动功能障碍提供参考依据与启发。

弹力带抗阻训练对脑卒中下肢运动功能障碍患者肌力水平和运动耐力的影响

目的 探讨弹力带抗阻训练对脑卒中下肢运动功能障碍患者肌力水平、运动耐力的影响。方法 选择2021-06—2022-12在南京市江宁医院接受治疗的80例脑卒中下肢运动功能障碍患者进行研究,采用随机数表法分为试验组(n=40)和对照组(n=40)。对照组给常规运动指导治疗,试验组加用弹力带抗阻训练治疗。比较2组临床疗效、肌力水平、峰值摄氧量(VO_(2)peak)、无氧阈值(AT)、6 min步行距离、步态参数及Barthel指数、平衡功能评分变化情况。结果 治疗后,试验组总有效率85%,高于对照组的65%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组下肢肌力评分低于对照组[(1.40±0.23)分比(1.98±0.63)分],Fugl Meyer运动量表评分高于对照组[(29.87±3.58)分比(24.15±3.74)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组VO_(2)peak、AT及6 min步行距离分别为(20.42±1.71)m L/(min·kg)、(13.89±1.01)mL/(min·kg)、(140.56±23.78)m,均高于对照组的(18.46±1.23)m L/(min·kg)、(13.02±1.21)mL/(min·kg)、(116.58±29.61)m,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组步长、步速、步频及单支撑相水平分别为(36.87±4.71)cm、(57.78±7.23)cm/s、(69.31±5.41)step/s、(31.05±3.01)%,均高于对照组的(31.52±3.67)cm、(52.84±6.09)cm/s、(63.05±6.08)step/s、(27.21±3.08)%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组Barthel指数、平衡功能评分分别为(78.61±5.61)分、(41.15±2.31)分,均高于对照组的(67.59±6.13)分、(32.56±5.47)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 在脑卒中下肢运动功能障碍患者中弹力带抗阻训练治疗有较好的效果,可有效改善肌力水平、运动耐力水平。

基于莱温守恒模式的护理对急性脑梗死患者自我管理能力及神经功能的干预效果

目的探讨基于莱温守恒模式的护理干预对急性脑梗死患者自我管理能力及神经功能的影响。方法选择医院2021年3月—2022年6月收治的138例急性脑梗死患者,按照组间基线资料可比的原则分为对照组和观察组,各69例。对照组实施常规护理模式干预,观察组在对照组基础上采用基于莱温守恒模式的护理干预,干预6周。比较两组护理满意度、自我管理能力、神经功能[神经功能缺损评分表(NIHSS)]、肢体运动功能[运动功能评分量表(Fugl-Meyer)]及心理状态[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)]。结果护理干预后,观察组患者护理满意率为92.75%,与对照组的79.71%对比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理干预前,两组自我管理能力、神经功能、肢体运动功能及心理状态比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理干预后,观察组自我管理能力各维度评分、肢体运动功能评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而观察组患者神经功能评价量表各项评分、SAS评分、SDS评分则低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于莱温守恒模式的护理干预对急性脑横死患者效果更佳,可使患者负性情绪得到有效缓解,自我管理能力得到提高,还可有效改善患者神经功能,提高护理满意度。

全身振动疗法对偏瘫下肢痉挛和运动功能的影响

目的:探讨全身振动疗法对偏瘫下肢肌痉挛和运动功能的影响。方法:选取广西医科大学第二附属医院收治的脑卒中偏瘫下肢痉挛合并功能障碍患者50例为研究对象,随机分为试验组与对照组各25例。两组均给予常规康复训练,试验组在对照组基础上给予全身振动疗法,共6周。治疗前与治疗后采用简化Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分、改良Ashworth量表评分及改良Barthel指数(mBI)分别评估,比较两组疗效。结果:治疗后,两组的简化Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分、改良Ashworth量表评分及mBI评分均明显优于组内治疗前评分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),试验组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:常规康复训练配合全身振动能够改善偏瘫下肢运动功能,减轻偏瘫下肢痉挛,提高患者日常生活活动能力。

不同治疗时程的重复经颅磁刺激对脑卒中患者上肢运动功能及脑功能连接的影响

目的:以非受累侧前运动皮质区(premotor cortex,PMC)为刺激靶点,比较不同治疗时程的重复经颅磁刺激(repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)对脑卒中患者上肢运动功能及脑功能连接的影响。方法:将60例缺血性脑卒中后上肢运动功能障碍患者随机分到6周rTMS组、4周rTMS组和2周r TMS组以及对照组,每组15例。在治疗前后采用上肢Brunnstrom分期、Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分上肢部分(Fugl-Meyer assessment of upper extremity,FMA-UE)和Wolf运动功能评分(Wolf motor function test,WMFT)进行行为学评定,另外以非受累侧PMC为种子点采用静息态功能磁共振成像(resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging,rs-fMRI)进行功能连接分析。结果:治疗后,2周rTMS组的FMA-UE和WMFT的评分与4周及6周rTMS组间有显著性差异(P<0.05),但4周rTMS组的FMA-UE和WMFT的评分与6周rTMS组间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。非受累侧PMC区为种子点的功能连接分析显示,rTMS治疗后非受累侧PMC与同侧中央前回、对侧颞中回和楔前叶功能连接增强(P<0.05)。结论:研究结果表明,以非受累侧半球PMC为靶点的低频rTMS治疗可有效促进偏瘫上肢运动功能的恢复,其中与2周rTMS干预和6周rTMS干预相比,4周rTMS干预具有最佳的时间-效益比,这可能与其增强双侧半球间、非受累半球内皮质-皮质间的功能连接有关。

基于IMB模型的康复干预对老年脑梗死患者上肢功能运动功能及神经功能的影响

目的探讨信息-动机-行为技巧(IMB)下的康复干预在老年脑梗死患者中的应用效果。方法将符合本研究纳入及排除标准的116例脑梗死患者随机分成2组各58例,对照组采用常规康复,观察组采用基于IMB模型的康复干预。2组患者均在院内进行为期1个月的康复训练,院外监督患者继续进行2个月的康复训练并线上汇报每日康复训练情况,共连续干预3个月后评估2组患者上肢功能、运动功能、神经功能、生活质量及并发症发生情况。结果干预后2组患者Fugl-Meyer评估量表(FMA)及上肢Wolf(沃尔夫)运动功能测试量表(WMFT)评分均增加,且观察组增加幅度更显著[FMA:(25.91±4.42)分比(29.37±4.58)分,t=4.140,P<0.05;WMFT:(30.42±3.56)分比(34.29±4.05)分,t=5.466,P<0.05]。干预后2组患者FCA及BBS评分均增加,且观察组分值增加幅度更显著[FCA评分:(50.08±8.21)分比(57.63±8.58)分,t=4.842,P<0.05;BBS评分:(31.98±5.36)分比(37.41±5.79)分,t=5.241,P<0.05]。干预后2组患者NIHSS评分均降低,ADL评分均增加,且观察组分值变化幅度更显著[NIHSS评分:(9.60±1.73)分比(6.83±1.55)分,t=9.082,P<0.05;ADL评分:(75.33±5.56)分比(80.74±5.82)分,t=5.119,P<0.05]。干预后2组患者WHOQOL-BREF量表各维度评分及总分均升高,且观察组患者WHOQOL-BREF量表各维度评分及总分值变化幅度更显著(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率(1.72%)与对照组(18.97%)相比显著降低(P<0.05)。结论基于IMB模型的康复干预有效改善了老年脑梗死患者上肢功能、运动功能及神经功能,提高了患者生活质量,降低了并发症发生率。

康复护理联合rTMS对脑卒中患者下肢运动功能的作用

目的探讨康复护理联合rTMS治疗对脑卒中患者下肢运动功能的康复作用。方法选择2023年6月至2023年12月收治的60例脑卒中后下肢运动功能障碍患者,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组30例。对照组采用常规治疗+常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上采用rTMS治疗+康复护理。治疗2周和4周后,分析两组患者下肢Fugl-Meyer评分、日常生活活动能力评分(Barthel指数)及Brunnstrom运动功能评定法评估下肢功能。结果治疗后,两组Fugl-Meyer评分、日常生活活动能力评分和Brunnstrom运动功能分期评价优于治疗前,观察组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论康复护理联合rTMS治疗可促进脑卒中下肢运动能力恢复,提高运动协调能力,改善患者生活质量。

关节镜下关节清理联合微骨折技术对膝关节骨折患者肢体运动功能的影响

目的 探讨关节镜下关节清理联合微骨折技术治疗膝关节骨折患者的效果。方法 70例膝关节骨折患者随机分为两组,对照组采用关节镜下关节清理手术治疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用微骨折技术治疗,比较两组的膝关节功能、疼痛反应和下肢运动功能。结果 观察组治疗后的HSS评分、下肢Fugl-Meyer评分均高于对照组,治疗后1周内的VAS评分均低于对照组(P <0.05)。结论 关节镜下关节清理联合微骨折技术治疗膝关节骨折可提升患者的膝关节功能,减轻术后疼痛,提升下肢运动能力。

间歇性Theta节律刺激联合床旁康复训练治疗在急性重症脑卒中患者上肢运动障碍恢复中的应用

目的 探讨间歇性Theta节律刺激联合康复训练治疗在急性重症脑卒中患者上肢运动障碍恢复中的应用。方法 我院收治的94例急性重症脑卒中偏瘫患者,根据单双号法分为训练组(常规康复训练)与电刺激组(间歇性Theta节律刺激联合康复训练)各47例。对比两组临床疗效(NIHSS)、治疗前后上肢运动情况[Fugl-Meyer评分(FMA)、改良Barthel指数(MBI)、上肢运动指数(MI)]、电刺激指标[中枢运动传导时间(CMCT)、运动诱发电位(MEP)]、表面肌电信号及脑血流动力学指标(外周阻力、平均血流速度、平均血流量)变化。结果 治疗第1、2、4周,两组NHISS逐渐下降,且各时间段电刺激组低于训练组(P<0.05);治疗后两组FMA、MBI、MI评分均上升,且电刺激组均高于训练组(P<0.05);两组CMCT、MEP均下降,且电刺激组均低于训练组(P<0.05);两组肱二头肌屈肘、肱三头肌伸肘时表面肌电信号上升,且电刺激组均高于训练组(P<0.05),肱二头肌伸肘、肱三头肌屈肘时组内或组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组外周阻力下降,平均血流速度与血流量提高,且电刺激组外周阻力低于训练组,平均血流速度与血流量高于训练组(P<0.05);两组均未发现明显不良反应。结论 间歇性Theta节律刺激联合康复训练可恢复急性重症脑卒中偏瘫患者上肢运动功能,改善肌电信号与脑血流动力学指标,疗效显著,值得推广。

基于脑电图的脑机接口技术在脑卒中患者上肢运动功能康复中的应用

背景:目前的康复方案对脑卒中后遗症的干预已取得不错的疗效,但治疗周期较长且人工成本较高。脑机接口技术通过特殊设备提取大脑神经活动信号,并将此信号转换处理为计算机可以识别的指令,可用于脑卒中后遗症的治疗。目的:分析和总结近些年脑机接口技术在脑卒中患者上肢运动功能康复中的应用,探讨脑机接口技术在脑卒中患者上肢功能康复中的临床应用价值。方法:以“脑卒中、脑电图、脑机接口、上肢、虚拟现实技术、功能性电刺激、外骨骼”为中文检索词,在中国知网进行相关文献检索;以“stroke、brain-computer interface、computer assistance、upper limb、virtual reality technology、functional electrical stimulation、exoskeleton”为英文检索词,在PubMed数据库进行相关文献检索,检索时间范围为2000-2022年。结果与结论:脑机接口对脑卒中患者上肢运动功能恢复具有良好的应用前景,并且被证明可以产生常规治疗无法实现的效果,非常值得进一步研究和推广,但是其机制尚未被完全阐释清楚。同时从脑机接口系统采集患者脑电信号的角度来看,准确地解码上肢运动的所有自由度以提供灵活和自然的控制能力仍然是一个挑战。未来的研究应该集中在阐明脑机接口技术促进脑卒中上肢运动恢复的特定神经机制,并确定脑机接口与外接设备相结合等康复方案,以促进脑卒中患者上肢运动功能恢复。