蒜芥茄SsFLS2基因的克隆及其表达分析

【目的】克隆云南野生蒜芥茄(Solanum sisymbriifolium Lam.)中的FLS2基因,并对其编码蛋白的理化性质、亚细胞定位、系统进化以及表达情况予以分析,初步探究野茄FLS2基因在黄萎病胁迫下的生物学功能。【方法】基于前期所测转录组数据(蒜芥茄接种黄萎病病原菌),克隆获取蒜芥茄FLS2基因,命名为SsFLS2;利用生物信息学分析软件对SsFLS2基因的理化性质进行分析,并通过实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR,RT-qPCR)检测其在蒜芥茄根、茎、叶的表达以及在接种黄萎病病原菌后不同时间的表达情况。【结果】蒜芥茄SsFLS2基因全长3655 bp,具有完整的ORF框,编码1126个氨基酸。其编码蛋白的分子式为C_(5596)H_(8814)N_(1494)O_(1627)S_(4),理论分子量为124.34 kD,理论等电点(pI)为7.33,总平均亲水性系数为0.081。该蛋白二级结构主要由42.81%的无规则卷曲、40.23%的α-螺旋、13.23%的延伸链以及3.73%的β-折叠组成,且存在跨膜结构,定位于细胞膜上,其中可被磷酸化且超过阈值线的位点,共计151个。SsFLS2蛋白的氨基酸序列与马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)同源蛋白(XP 006358149.2)的关系最近。RT-qPCR检测发现,在蒜芥茄根、茎、叶中均有SsFLS2基因的表达,且根、叶中的相对表达量极显著高于茎部;接种黄萎病病原菌后72 h内,处理组和对照组均在24 h时,SsFLS2基因的相对表达量大幅度增加且极显著高于其他时间点。【结论】本研究成功克隆蒜芥茄的SsFLS2基因,并对其编码蛋白的理化性质及基因表达情况等进行分析。结果表明,SsFLS2是蒜芥茄响应黄萎病胁迫的重要基因,结果可为进一步研究该基因在蒜芥茄黄萎病抗性中的功能奠定基础。

Total flavonoids of Astragalus membranaceus protect against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced neurotoxicity in mice by inhibiting ferroptosis through SLC7A11/GPX-4 signaling pathway

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a common neurodegenerative disorder with no cure.Astragalus membranaceus is used in Chinese culture as a food supplement to boost immunity.The present study aimed to explore the neuroprotective effects of total flavonoids extracted from A.membranaceus(TFA)and their protective mechanisms.TFA offered neuroprotection against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)in the mouse model of Parkinsonism,by improving behavior performance in the gait analysis and pole test,and inhibiting the decline of tyrosine hydroxylase(TH)positive neurons and TH protein expression in substantia nigra of mice.TFA also prevented 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium(MPP+)induced neurotoxicity in SHSY5Y cells,by increasing GSH and GSH/GSSG ratio,and reducing reactive oxygen species.In addition,the neuroprotective effects of TFA were associated with its ability to restore MPTP/MPP+induced downregulation of SLC7A11 and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX-4).In conclusion,we demonstrated that TFA exerted significant neuroprotection against MPTP/MPP+induced neurodegeneration by inhibiting ferroptosis through the regulation of SLC7A11/GPX-4 axis,suggesting the use of TFA as a possible food supplement in the prevention of PD.

A dual-RPA based lateral flow strip for sensitive,on-site detection of CP4-EPSPS and Cry1Ab/Ac genes in genetically modified crops

Traditional transgenic detection methods require high test conditions and struggle to be both sensitive and efficient.In this study,a one-tube dual recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA)reaction system for CP4-EPSPS and Cry1Ab/Ac was proposed and combined with a lateral flow immunochromatographic assay,named“Dual-RPA-LFD”,to visualize the dual detection of genetically modified(GM)crops.In which,the herbicide tolerance gene CP4-EPSPS and the insect resistance gene Cry1Ab/Ac were selected as targets taking into account the current status of the most widespread application of insect resistance and herbicide tolerance traits and their stacked traits.Gradient diluted plasmids,transgenic standards,and actual samples were used as templates to conduct sensitivity,specificity,and practicality assays,respectively.The constructed method achieved the visual detection of plasmid at levels as low as 100 copies,demonstrating its high sensitivity.In addition,good applicability to transgenic samples was observed,with no cross-interference between two test lines and no influence from other genes.In conclusion,this strategy achieved the expected purpose of simultaneous detection of the two popular targets in GM crops within 20 min at 37°C in a rapid,equipmentfree field manner,providing a new alternative for rapid screening for transgenic assays in the field.

The influence of inter-band rock on rib spalling in longwall panel with large mining height

In order to improve rib stability,failure criteria and instability mode of a thick coal seam with inter-band rock layer are analysed in this study.A three-dimensional mechanical model is established for the rib by considering the rock layer.A safety factor is defined foy the rib,and it is observed that the safety factor exhibits a positive correlation with the thickness and strength of the inter-band rock.A calculation method for determining critical parameters of the rock layer is presented to ensure the rib stability.It is revealed that incomplete propagation of the fracture at the hard rock constitutes a fundamental prerequisite for ensuring the rib stability.The influence of the position of the inter-band rock in the coal seam on failure mechanism of the rib was thoroughly investigated by developing a series of physical models for the rib at the face area.The best position for the inter-band rock in the coal seam is at a height of 1.5 m away from the roof line,which tends to provide a good stability state for the rib.For different inter-band rock positions,two ways of controlling rib by increasing supports stiffness and flexible grouting reinforcement are proposed.

On High-Resolution Entropy-Consistent Flux with Slope Limiter for Hyperbolic Conservation Laws

This paper proposes a new version of the high-resolution entropy-consistent(EC-Limited)flux for hyperbolic conservation laws based on a new minmod-type slope limiter.Firstly,we identify the numerical entropy production,a third-order differential term deduced from the previous work of Ismail and Roe[11].The corresponding dissipation term is added to the original Roe flux to achieve entropy consistency.The new,resultant entropy-consistent(EC)flux has a general and explicit analytical form without any corrective factor,making it easy to compute and a less-expensive method.The inequality constraints are imposed on the standard piece-wise quadratic reconstruction to enforce the pointwise values of bounded-type numerical solutions.We design the new minmod slope limiter as combining two separate limiters for left and right states.We propose the EC-Limited flux by adding this reconstruction data method to the primitive variables rather than to the conservative variables of the EC flux to preserve the equilibrium of the primitive variables.These resulting fluxes are easily applied to general hyperbolic conservation laws while having attractive features:entropy-stable,robust,and non-oscillatory.To illustrate the potential of these proposed fluxes,we show the applications to the Burgers equation and the Euler equations.

FLS模式康复护理对老年股骨粗隆间骨折切开复位内固定术后患者生活质量的影响分析

目的分析FLS模式康复护理在老年股骨粗隆间骨折切开复位内固定术后的应用效果。方法采用随机数字表法将2022年7月至2023年7月期间在我院接受老年股骨粗隆间骨折切开复位内固定术治疗的131例患者分为两组,对照组(65例)接受常规护理,观察组(66例)接受FLS模式康复护理,对比两组功能评定优良率、护理满意度和遵医行为、生活质量。结果观察组功能评定优良率高于对照组(P<0.05),遵医行为评分在用药、饮食、功能锻炼、并发症预防及遵医行为总分方面均高于对照组(P<0.05),生活质量评分在躯体功能、心理功能、物质生活及社会功能方面均高于对照组(P<0.05),护理满意度均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论老年股骨粗隆间骨折切开复位内固定术后应用FLS模式康复护理,有助于提升患者遵医行为,可以促进患者肢体功能尽快恢复,改善患者生活质量,患者对护理也更加满意度。

Effects of nutrient limitations on the sinking velocity of Thalassiosira weissflogii

The sinking of diatoms is critic al to the formation of oceanic biological pumps and coastal hypoxic zones.However,little is known about the effects of different nutrient restrictions on diatom sinking.In this study,we measured the sinking velocity(SV) of Thalassiosira weissflogii using a new phytoplankton video observation instrument and analyzed major biochemical components under varying nutrient conditions.Our results showed that the SV of T.weissflogii under different nutrient limitation conditions varied substantially.The highest SV of(1.77±0.02) m/d was obtained under nitrate limitation,signific antly surpassing that under phosphate limitation at(0.98±0.13) m/d.As the nutrient limitation was released,the SV steadily decreased to(0.32±0.03) m/d and(0.15±0.05) m/d,respectively.Notably;under conditions with limited nitrate and phosphate concentrations,the SV values of T.weissflogii significantly positively correlated with the lipid content(P <0.001),with R^(2) values of 0.86 and 0.69,respectively.The change of the phytoplankton SV was primarily related to the intracellular compo sition,which is controlled by nutrient conditions but did not significantly correlate with transparent extracellular polymer and biosilica contents.The results of this study help to understand the regulation of the vertical sinking process of diatoms by nutrient restriction and provide new insights into phytoplankton dynamics and their relationship with the marine nutrient structure.

Double-Doped Carbon-Based Electrodes with Nitrogen and Oxygen to Boost the Areal Capacity of Zinc-Bromine Flow Batteries

Ensuring a stable power output from renewable energy sources,such as wind and solar energy,depends on the development of large-scale and long-duration energy storage devices.Zinc–bromine fl ow batteries(ZBFBs)have emerged as cost-eff ective and high-energy-density solutions,replacing expensive all-vanadium fl ow batteries.However,uneven Zn deposition during charging results in the formation of problematic Zn dendrites,leading to mass transport polarization and self-discharge.Stable Zn plating and stripping are essential for the successful operation of high-areal-capacity ZBFBs.In this study,we successfully synthesized nitrogen and oxygen co-doped functional carbon felt(NOCF4)electrode through the oxidative polymerization of dopamine,followed by calcination under ambient conditions.The NOCF4 electrode eff ectively facilitates effi cient“shuttle deposition”of Zn during charging,signifi cantly enhancing the areal capacity of the electrode.Remarkably,ZBFBs utilizing NOCF4 as the anode material exhibited stable cycling performance for 40 cycles(approximately 240 h)at an areal capacity of 60 mA h/cm^(2).Even at a high areal capacity of 130 mA h/cm^(2),an impressive energy effi ciency of 76.98%was achieved.These fi ndings provide a promising pathway for the development of high-areal-capacity ZBFBs for advanced energy storage systems.

Influence of joint spacing and rock characteristics on the toppling stability of cut rock slope through a simplified limit equilibrium method

Toppling failure of rock mass/soil slope is an important geological and environmental problem.Clarifying its failure mechanism under different conditions has great significance in engineering.The toppling failure of a cutting slope occurred in a hydropower station in Kyushu,Japan illustrates that the joint characteristic played a significant role in the occurrence of rock slope tipping failure.Thus,in order to consider the mechanical properties of jointed rock mass and the influence of geometric conditions,a simplified analytical approach based on the limit equilibrium method for modeling the flexural toppling of cut rock slopes is proposed to consider the influence of the mechanical properties and geometry condition of jointed rock mass.The theoretical solution is compared with the numerical solution taking Kyushu Hydropower Station in Japan as one case,and it is found that the theoretical solution obtained by the simplified analysis method is consistent with the numerical analytical solution,thus verifying the accuracy of the simplified method.Meanwhile,the Goodman-Bray approach conventionally used in engineering practice is improved according to the analytical results.The results show that the allowable slope angle may be obtained by the improved Goodman-Bray approach considering the joint spacing,the joint frictional angle and the tensile strength of rock mass together.

Is it possible to foot reflexology for infants with sensorineural hearing loss?

Foot reflexology is a non-invasive and safe complementary therapy that works by massaging the reflex zones of the feet and exerts systemic or whole-body regulation through meridian nerve conduction.This therapy is commonly used in the treatment of various conditions such as autism and Parkinson's disease.However,there is limited reporting on the use of foot reflexology therapy for infants with sensorineural hearing loss(SNHL).Currently,there is no definitive conclusion on how foot reflexology therapy can influence hearing.This editorial holds some guiding significance regarding this clinical issue.The aim is to present physiological evidence of how foot reflexology therapy can impact infants with SNHL,thereby enhancing clinician’s awareness of foot reflexology in treating infants with SNHL.

Influence of confined water on the limit support pressure of tunnel face in weakly water-rich strata

In the process of shield tunneling through soft soil layers,the presence of confined water ahead poses a significant threat to the stability of the tunnel face.Therefore,it is crucial to consider the impact of confined water on the limit support pressure of the tunnel face.This study employed the finite element method(FEM)to analyze the limit support pressure of shield tunnel face instability within a pressurized water-containing layer.Subsequently,a multiple linear regression approach was applied to derive a concise solution formula for the limit support pressure,incorporating various influencing factors.The analysis yields the following conclusions:1)The influence of confined water on the instability mode of the tunnel face in soft soil layers makes the displacement response of the strata not significant when the face is unstable;2)The limit support pressure increases approximately linearly with the pressure head,shield tunnel diameter,and tunnel burial depth.And inversely proportional to the thickness of the impermeable layer,soil cohesion and internal friction angle;3)Through an engineering case study analysis,the results align well with those obtained from traditional theoretical methods,thereby validating the rationality of the equations proposed in this paper.Furthermore,the proposed equations overcome the limitation of traditional theoretical approaches considering the influence of changes in impermeable layer thickness.It can accurately depict the dynamic variation in the required limit support pressure to maintain the stability of the tunnel face during shield tunneling,thus better reflecting engineering reality.

天香百合、药百合黄酮醇合成酶FLS基因克隆和表达分析

以天香百合(Lilium auratum)和药百合(L.speciosum var.gloriosoides)为研究材料,分别克隆获得黄酮醇合成酶(flavonol synthase, FLS)基因,命名为LaFLS和LsFLS。实验结果表明,LaFLS和LsFLS基因均含完整的开放阅读框1 035 bp,均编码344个氨基酸,氨基酸序列高度保守,均具有DIOX-N结构域和2-酮戊二酸和铁(Ⅱ)依赖性双加氧酶结构域,属于2-酮戊二酸和铁(Ⅱ)依赖性双加氧酶超家族;系统进化分析表明,LaFLS和LsFLS除与东方系百合西伯利亚和索邦的FLS亲缘关系最近外,与百合科郁金香(Tulipa fosteriana)等亲缘关系较近;生物信息学分析显示,LaFLS和LsFLS蛋白无信号肽序列和跨膜结构域,均为亲水性蛋白,亚细胞定位结果显示二者主要定位在细胞质中。基因表达分析结果表明,在花蕾发育过程中,LaFLS和LsFLS随花蕾发育出现先上升后下降再上升的趋势,而且在花被片无色区的表达量显著高于有色区域。

A High Order Accurate Bound-Preserving Compact Finite Difference Scheme for Two-Dimensional Incompressible Flow

For solving two-dimensional incompressible flow in the vorticity form by the fourth-order compact finite difference scheme and explicit strong stability preserving temporal discretizations,we show that the simple bound-preserving limiter in Li et al.(SIAM J Numer Anal 56:3308–3345,2018)can enforce the strict bounds of the vorticity,if the velocity field satisfies a discrete divergence free constraint.For reducing oscillations,a modified TVB limiter adapted from Cockburn and Shu(SIAM J Numer Anal 31:607–627,1994)is constructed without affecting the bound-preserving property.This bound-preserving finite difference method can be used for any passive convection equation with a divergence free velocity field.

分输站FL调压撬日常故障及应对措施研究

天然气调压撬是一种用于调节、控制天然气管道中压力的设备。其中,FL调压撬在天然气公司的各个分输站场及计量站内均有广泛应用,具有运行平稳、维护检修方便等优点,其若发生故障可能会直接导致站场停输等极为严重的后果。所以,深入研究其结构原理,分析其常见故障,并提出应对措施具有非常重要的意义。

汉黄芩素通过NRF2/HO-1信号途径诱导大鼠CIA-FLS细胞铁死亡

目的:探讨汉黄芩素(WOG)通过核因子E2相关因子2(NRF2)/血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)信号途径诱导胶原诱导性关节炎大鼠成纤维细胞样滑膜细胞(大鼠CIA-FLS细胞)铁死亡的机制。方法:将大鼠CIA-FLS细胞分为:对照组、低、中、高剂量(25、50和100μmol/L)汉黄芩素组、铁死亡抑制剂(LIP-1)组、LIP-1+高剂量汉黄芩素组、HO-1激动剂钴原卟啉(COPP)组和COPP+高剂量汉黄芩素组,CCK-8法检测细胞活力;结晶紫染色法检测细胞形态;检测氧化应激标志物谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的水平;DCFH-DA荧光探针检测细胞内活性氧(ROS)的含量,Western blot检测Kelch样ECH关联蛋白1(KEAP-1)、NRF2和HO-1蛋白表达水平。结果:与正常对照组相比,给予WOG处理后,大鼠CIA-FLS细胞活力显著下降(P<0.01),氧化应激水平显著上升(P<0.01),ROS含量显著增加(P<0.01),NRF2和HO-1蛋白表达水平显著下降(P<0.01),KEAP-1水平显著增加(P<0.01);与WOG组相比,LIP-1处理组的细胞活力显著上升(P<0.01),氧化应激水平显著下降(P<0.01),ROS含量显著减少(P<0.01);与WOG组相比,加入COPP后,NRF2和HO-1蛋白表达水平显著上升(P<0.01),KEAP-1水平显著下降(P<0.01)。结论:WOG能通过NRF2/HO-1信号途径,促进氧化应激来诱导大鼠CIA-FLS细胞铁死亡。

行人保护FlexPLI与aPLI标定限值对比研究

为探究腿型碰撞器标定试验的工作原理,详细对比了先进行人腿型碰撞器(aPLI)与柔性腿型碰撞器(FlexPLI)在结构上的差异,总结了腿型碰撞器动态标定和静态标定限值确定的方法分别为混合组群均值估计法和三点弯曲挠度试验法,归纳并比较了2种腿型碰撞器在动、静态标定限值上存在的显著差异,在此基础上剖析了这些差异的内在原因,动态标定限值差异的主要原因是aPLI增加了模拟人体上肢的质量模块,静态标定限值差异的主要原因是aPLI腿部和膝部结构改变。

基于M-K模型计算FLC无条件收敛新算法

M-K失稳模型的无条件收敛与快速求解对成形极限曲线(forming limit curve, FLC)的获取具有重要的理论意义与研究价值,也是理论FLC计算的难点之一.然而,在M-K失稳模型框架内基于复杂屈服准则计算成形极限曲线时,采用传统牛顿迭代算法无法保证收敛,而固定增量法则计算耗时过长,严重制约了M-K失稳模型的应用场景.因此,文章以锆合金为实验材料,提出了一种自适应增量算法,该算法通过迭代误差信息与震荡情况自适应调整迭代步长,不仅能够保证计算精度,满足无条件收敛,还能大幅提升计算速度.此外,本研究还验证了采用自适应增量法计算锆合金FLC的准确性,并分析了算法的迭代误差Err与初始应变增量对FLC预测结果的影响.结果表明:自适应增量法具有无条件保证收敛、计算速度快以及计算结果不受初始迭代步长影响的优势,其计算耗时仅为固定增量法的0.44%;此外,本研究认为初始参数中迭代误差小于10-6、初始应变增量小于0.001是得到稳定的FLC结果的前提条件;根据对锆合金FLC预测结果可知,在M-K模型框架内基于Yld2000-2d屈服准则理论采用自适应增量法计算可以很好地描述锆合金的塑性行为.由于自适应增量迭代法简单易用且计算高效,有望应用于有限元软件中子程序的开发,加速其计算速度并提高锆合金数值模拟精度.

Numerical Study of a Three-Dimensional Laminar Flow in a Rectangular Channel with a 180-Degree Sharp Turn

This study presents a numerical analysis of three-dimensional steady laminar flow in a rectangular channel with a 180-degree sharp turn. The Navier-Stokes equations are solved by using finite difference method for Re = 900. Three-dimensional streamlines and limiting streamlines on wall surface are used to analyze the three-dimensional flow characteristics. Topological theory is applied to limiting streamlines on inner walls of the channel and two-dimensional streamlines at several cross sections. It is also shown that the flow impinges on the end wall of turn and the secondary flow is induced by the curvature in the sharp turn.

基于FLS模式的康复护理在PKP术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折病人中的应用

分析PKP术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(OVCFs)中基于FLS模式康复护理的效果。方法 选择我院2023年1月至12月收治150例OVCFs患者为对象,随机单盲法分组,每组75例,对照组常规护理,观察组联合FLS康复护理,分析效果。结果 护理后观察组锻炼依从性分数、疼痛总缓解率、生活质量分数高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 OVCFs患者开展FLS康复护理可显著降低疼痛感受,增加锻炼依从性,提升生活质量。

基于FLAC的边坡稳定性分析及治理措施研究

为解决某河道边坡稳定性问题,利用Geostudio软件对边坡进行极限平衡分析,同时采用FLAC进行数值模拟分析校核。在暴雨工况下边坡处于不稳定状态,最大位移量可达100.0 mm,剪切应变增量最大值可达4.45×10^(-2),shear-n塑性区已经完全贯通,边坡体有整体滑动的趋势。提出双排抗滑桩设计方案进行加固后边坡稳定性系数较治理前得到了大幅度提高,加固后最大位移量只有1.8 mm,边坡体最大应变增量值及剪切破坏塑性区的分布也得到了显著减少,边坡体达到稳定状态,设计方案合理可行,可为类似边坡治理工程提供参考。