Three goats fitted with cannula were used to provide rumen liquor to investigate the effects of limiting amino acids on rumen fermentation and microbial community in vitro. The removal method was used in the current e...Three goats fitted with cannula were used to provide rumen liquor to investigate the effects of limiting amino acids on rumen fermentation and microbial community in vitro. The removal method was used in the current experiments. Treatments are total essential amino acid （TEAA）, His-removal, Lys-removal, Met-removal, and branch chain amino acid （BCAA）- removal. Results indicated that, pH-value ranged between 5.9 and 6.8, with the highest mean value for the group with BCAA-removal （6.54） in the culture. Concentration of NH3-N ranged between 10.99 to 30.51 mg 100 mL^-1, with the group of TEAA recording the highest average NH3-N concentration （17.85 mg 100 mL^-1）. Yields of microbial protein and limiting degree on microbial growth varied with treatments （P 〈 0.01）, and the lowest accrued in treatment with BCAA-removal （0.1389, 0.1772, and 0.3161 mg mL^-1 for bacteria, protozoa, and mixed microbes, respectively）, compared to the group with TEAA, microbial production of mixed microbes decreased by 44.52%. As for micro-flora, protozoa to bacteria ratio was the lowest for the group with Lys-removal （89.12%）, while the highest for the group with BCAA-removal （127.60%） （P 〈 0.01）. Furthermore, PCR-SSCP analysis revealed that, microbial profile subjected to substrates within bacteria and protozoa groups. It was therefore concluded that, dietary amino acid influenced both rumen fermentation and microbial characteristics.展开更多
The limitation and experimental CO2 sequestration degree of steel slag is the focus. The theoretical and the practical COe sequestration degree was assessed under mild operating conditions. After calculation in theory...The limitation and experimental CO2 sequestration degree of steel slag is the focus. The theoretical and the practical COe sequestration degree was assessed under mild operating conditions. After calculation in theory, it can be found that the CO2 sequestration limitation degree for every kilogram steel slag is about 442 g when taking magne- sium into consideration, and the experimental CO2 sequestration degree for every kilogram slag is about 77 g, under the conditions that the liquid to solid ratio is 50 L/kg, CO2 flow is 0.5 L/min and the temperature of reaction is the ambient temperature. When solution NH4Cl and CHa COOH for experiments and other conditions keep the same, the actual potential CO2 sequestration for every kilogram slag is 69.3 g and 31.20 g respectively. Thus, optimization of process parameters like granularity of slag is necessary to enhance the carbon dioxide sequestration degree for steel slag.展开更多
基金carried out in the framework of the Research on Regulating Mechanism of Amino Acid Composition of Rumen Microorganism in Ruminant Projectthe financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30571344)
文摘Three goats fitted with cannula were used to provide rumen liquor to investigate the effects of limiting amino acids on rumen fermentation and microbial community in vitro. The removal method was used in the current experiments. Treatments are total essential amino acid （TEAA）, His-removal, Lys-removal, Met-removal, and branch chain amino acid （BCAA）- removal. Results indicated that, pH-value ranged between 5.9 and 6.8, with the highest mean value for the group with BCAA-removal （6.54） in the culture. Concentration of NH3-N ranged between 10.99 to 30.51 mg 100 mL^-1, with the group of TEAA recording the highest average NH3-N concentration （17.85 mg 100 mL^-1）. Yields of microbial protein and limiting degree on microbial growth varied with treatments （P 〈 0.01）, and the lowest accrued in treatment with BCAA-removal （0.1389, 0.1772, and 0.3161 mg mL^-1 for bacteria, protozoa, and mixed microbes, respectively）, compared to the group with TEAA, microbial production of mixed microbes decreased by 44.52%. As for micro-flora, protozoa to bacteria ratio was the lowest for the group with Lys-removal （89.12%）, while the highest for the group with BCAA-removal （127.60%） （P 〈 0.01）. Furthermore, PCR-SSCP analysis revealed that, microbial profile subjected to substrates within bacteria and protozoa groups. It was therefore concluded that, dietary amino acid influenced both rumen fermentation and microbial characteristics.
基金Sponsored by National Key Technology Research and Development Program in 11th Five-Year Plan of China(2006BAE03A07)
文摘The limitation and experimental CO2 sequestration degree of steel slag is the focus. The theoretical and the practical COe sequestration degree was assessed under mild operating conditions. After calculation in theory, it can be found that the CO2 sequestration limitation degree for every kilogram steel slag is about 442 g when taking magne- sium into consideration, and the experimental CO2 sequestration degree for every kilogram slag is about 77 g, under the conditions that the liquid to solid ratio is 50 L/kg, CO2 flow is 0.5 L/min and the temperature of reaction is the ambient temperature. When solution NH4Cl and CHa COOH for experiments and other conditions keep the same, the actual potential CO2 sequestration for every kilogram slag is 69.3 g and 31.20 g respectively. Thus, optimization of process parameters like granularity of slag is necessary to enhance the carbon dioxide sequestration degree for steel slag.
