A semi-empirical formula for evaluating residual strain of soils under earthquake loading

A new semi-empirical formula for evaluating the residual strain of soils under earthquake loading is presented in this paper based on the incremental method and the increment model proposed by the authors.When the incident loading is uniform,the results calculated by the new formula are nearly the same as those by the existing formula.For excitation of the random earthquake loading,the results calculated by the new formula are compared to the results obtained by dynamic triaxial tests.The dynamic triaxial tests had been performed considering different seismic waves,confining stresses, consolidation ratios,and types of cohesive soils.The comparison between the calculated and tested results indicate that the presented formula can efficiently and practically describe the time-dependent process of the soil residual strains under actual seismic loads.

A new semi-empirical formula for total cross sections of electron scattering from triatomic molecules at 30—5000 eV

Total cross sections （TCSs） of electrons scattering from triatomic molecules over the energy range from 30 to 5000 eV are investigated employing a new semi-empirical formula. The TCSs of electrons scattering from triatomic molecules SO2, NO2, and CO2 are calculated. The quantitative TCSs are in good agreement with those obtained by experiments. It is shown that the results derived from the semi-empirical formula are much closer to the measurements than other calculations.

Simplified Calculation of Flow Resistance of Suspension Bridge Main Cable Dehumidification System

To calculate the flow resistance of a main cable dehumidification system,this study considers the air flow in the main cable as the flow in a porous medium,and adopts the Hagen–Poiseuille equation by using average hydraulic radius and capillary bundle models.A mathematical derivation is combined with an experimental study to obtain a semi-empirical flow resistance formula.Additionally,Fluent software is used to simulate the flow resistance across the main cable relative to the experimental values.Based on the actual measured results for a Yangtze River bridge,this study verifies the semi-empirical formula,and indicates that it can be applied in actual engineering.

Estimation of ice resistance and sensitivity analysis for an icebreaker

The Lindqvist method is adopted to estimate the ice resistance for an icebreaker.The accuracy of the method is evaluated in a comparison of the calculated results with model test results.In addition to the estimation of ice resistance,a sensitivity analysis based on the Lindqvist method is carried out.A full parametric model developed using CAESES software allows the convenient construction of many new hull lines.The primary factors relevant to ice resistance are embedded as design parameters in the full parametric model.Meanwhile,response surface methodology is adopted to give better insight into new hull lines.Results show that the ice resistance is more sensitive to the rake angle and waterline entrance angle.The aim of the present study is to improve the techniques of designing the hull forms of icebreakers.

基于半经验公式方法的破冰船破冰阻力计算

传统Lindqvist半经验公式存在将不同船型阻力的计算结果均一化的缺点,文章基于船首不同区域的海冰破坏模式,采用船体纵向切片法对传统Lindqvist半经验公式进行了改进。通过将传统及改进后的半经验公式计算结果与模型试验结果进行比较,验证了改进的Lindqvist半经验公式计算结果的有效性和正确性。进而通过半经验公式计算方法,研究船速和船舶吃水对船体所受破冰阻力的影响。结果表明,改进的Lindqvist半经验公式计算结果明显高于传统Lindqvist半经验公式,与试验值更为接近;船舶破冰阻力随船速呈近似线性增长的趋势,随船舶吃水的增加呈现减小的趋势。