More and more linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) has contaminated the water and soil ma pollution discharge, making it important to identify the ecological behavior and toxicity of LAS so as to carry out measures tha...More and more linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) has contaminated the water and soil ma pollution discharge, making it important to identify the ecological behavior and toxicity of LAS so as to carry out measures that will reduce its negative effects on the ecosystem. The ecological behavior of LAS. including degradation, migration, and plant uptake, in both soil-paddy rice and soil-soybean systems was studied. Reduction of LAS in pot and field plots followed the first order reaction kinetics with degradation half-lives of 35-50 days with LAS decreasing to very low concentrations after a season of crop growth. Strong migration ability for LAS was found and the breakthrough time in a 1.5 in soil monolith was significantly shortened to 23 days by preferential flow. Leachate volumes of soil-paddy and soil-soybean systems at preferential breakthrough were much different, while the leachate volumes at equilibrium governed by soil adsorption/desorption processes were very similar. Significant uptake of LAS in both paddy rice and sovbeans was observed in pot and field experiments (P < 0.05). In aquatic culture, 20 μg mL-1 and above of LAS significantly inhibited the growth of paddy seedlings (P < 0.05). The critical concentration for LAS in soil inhibiting the growth and yield of paddy was 160 μg g-1; when higher, there was a strong negative influence, with decreases in height, spike length, and production, when lower than 80 μg g-1, paddy growth was stimulated. There was little effect of LAS on soybeans.展开更多
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of an anionic surfactant linear alkylbenzene sulfonate(LAS) application on cadmium(Cd)fractions in soils and Cd distribution in different tissues of soybean(Glycine m...A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of an anionic surfactant linear alkylbenzene sulfonate(LAS) application on cadmium(Cd)fractions in soils and Cd distribution in different tissues of soybean(Glycine max)plants as well as soil pH.Soil samples were treated with three levels of Cd(0,5,and 10 mg kg^(-1))and five levels of LAS(0,5, 15,50,and 100 mg L^(-1)).Results indicated that compared to the control soils(no Cd and no LAS treatment),soil pH increased and available Cd decreased in the soil treated with external Cd and watered with LAS solutions.Meanwhile, soil exchangeable Cd and Cd bound to carbonates decreased;Cd bound to amorphous iron and manganese oxides and Cd bound to organic matter increased.In addition,LAS application could reduce enrichment of Cd in soybean plants, resulting in decreased Cd in the soybean plants.Thus,suitable LAS application could decrease bioavailability and mobility of soil Cd.展开更多
Ergene Basin is one of the most important industrial centers due to the geographical location in Turkey. Uncontrolled and rapidly increasing industrialization brings together a large number of environmental problems i...Ergene Basin is one of the most important industrial centers due to the geographical location in Turkey. Uncontrolled and rapidly increasing industrialization brings together a large number of environmental problems in the basin. In this study, pollution was investigated in the water samples taken at time intervals and different parts of groundwater and surface water resources located within Ergene Basin by methylene blue anionic surfactants （MBAS） analysis method. Turbidity, temperature, pH, electrical conductivity （EC）, concentrations of total P and linear alkylbenzene sulfonates （LAS） were simultaneously determined in the investigated water resources. The results were compared with the Turkish Water Pollution Control Regulation specified in the Quality Criteria of the Inland Water Resources according to their class. The total P and LAS concentrations of surface waters are generally higher than groundwater. In terms of LAS concentrations, the groundwater is Ⅰ-Ⅱ class and the surface water is Ⅱ-Ⅳ class.展开更多
The effectiveness of using acoustical （sonochemical） reactor for degradation of linear alkylbenzen sulfonate （LAS） from aqueous solution was investigated. LASs are anionic surfactants, found in relatively high amo...The effectiveness of using acoustical （sonochemical） reactor for degradation of linear alkylbenzen sulfonate （LAS） from aqueous solution was investigated. LASs are anionic surfactants, found in relatively high amounts in domestic and industrial wastewaters. In this study, experiments on LAS solution were performed using methylene blue active substances （MBAS） method. The effectiveness of acoustical processor reactor for LAS degradation is evaluated with emphasis on the effect of treatment time and initial LAS concentration. Experiments were performed at initial concentrations of 0.2, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0 mg/L, acoustic frequency of 130 kHz, applied power of 500 W and temperature of 18℃-20℃. At the conditions involved, LAS degradation was found to increase with increasing sonochemical time. In addition, as the concentration increased, the LAS degradation rate decreased in the acoustical processor reactor.展开更多
A IAS degradation strain with high resistance, which could take linear alkylbenzene sulphonate （LAS） as only carton origin for growth, was isolated from the drain canal of Hangao Detergent Plant of Xuzhou. The chara...A IAS degradation strain with high resistance, which could take linear alkylbenzene sulphonate （LAS） as only carton origin for growth, was isolated from the drain canal of Hangao Detergent Plant of Xuzhou. The characteristic of its degradation was researched and the results showed that the optimum conditions of this strain for degrading LAS were 30℃, pH 6.0, 150 ml solution in 500 ml triangle vase, 120 r/min, LAS concentration of 200 - 600 mg/L. The growth amount of the bacteria were up to 0. 443 （ OD400 ） and the degrading rate was up to 89.4%. The ability of the bacterium to degrade LAS could be as high as concentration of 1 200 mg/L.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 49771044 and 49971038)
文摘More and more linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) has contaminated the water and soil ma pollution discharge, making it important to identify the ecological behavior and toxicity of LAS so as to carry out measures that will reduce its negative effects on the ecosystem. The ecological behavior of LAS. including degradation, migration, and plant uptake, in both soil-paddy rice and soil-soybean systems was studied. Reduction of LAS in pot and field plots followed the first order reaction kinetics with degradation half-lives of 35-50 days with LAS decreasing to very low concentrations after a season of crop growth. Strong migration ability for LAS was found and the breakthrough time in a 1.5 in soil monolith was significantly shortened to 23 days by preferential flow. Leachate volumes of soil-paddy and soil-soybean systems at preferential breakthrough were much different, while the leachate volumes at equilibrium governed by soil adsorption/desorption processes were very similar. Significant uptake of LAS in both paddy rice and sovbeans was observed in pot and field experiments (P < 0.05). In aquatic culture, 20 μg mL-1 and above of LAS significantly inhibited the growth of paddy seedlings (P < 0.05). The critical concentration for LAS in soil inhibiting the growth and yield of paddy was 160 μg g-1; when higher, there was a strong negative influence, with decreases in height, spike length, and production, when lower than 80 μg g-1, paddy growth was stimulated. There was little effect of LAS on soybeans.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20677080)the Innovation Foundation of Hunan Agricultural University(No.04PT02)
文摘A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of an anionic surfactant linear alkylbenzene sulfonate(LAS) application on cadmium(Cd)fractions in soils and Cd distribution in different tissues of soybean(Glycine max)plants as well as soil pH.Soil samples were treated with three levels of Cd(0,5,and 10 mg kg^(-1))and five levels of LAS(0,5, 15,50,and 100 mg L^(-1)).Results indicated that compared to the control soils(no Cd and no LAS treatment),soil pH increased and available Cd decreased in the soil treated with external Cd and watered with LAS solutions.Meanwhile, soil exchangeable Cd and Cd bound to carbonates decreased;Cd bound to amorphous iron and manganese oxides and Cd bound to organic matter increased.In addition,LAS application could reduce enrichment of Cd in soybean plants, resulting in decreased Cd in the soybean plants.Thus,suitable LAS application could decrease bioavailability and mobility of soil Cd.
文摘Ergene Basin is one of the most important industrial centers due to the geographical location in Turkey. Uncontrolled and rapidly increasing industrialization brings together a large number of environmental problems in the basin. In this study, pollution was investigated in the water samples taken at time intervals and different parts of groundwater and surface water resources located within Ergene Basin by methylene blue anionic surfactants （MBAS） analysis method. Turbidity, temperature, pH, electrical conductivity （EC）, concentrations of total P and linear alkylbenzene sulfonates （LAS） were simultaneously determined in the investigated water resources. The results were compared with the Turkish Water Pollution Control Regulation specified in the Quality Criteria of the Inland Water Resources according to their class. The total P and LAS concentrations of surface waters are generally higher than groundwater. In terms of LAS concentrations, the groundwater is Ⅰ-Ⅱ class and the surface water is Ⅱ-Ⅳ class.
基金Project (No. 85-01-46-3401) supported by the Medical Sciences/ University of Tehran, I.R. Iran
文摘The effectiveness of using acoustical （sonochemical） reactor for degradation of linear alkylbenzen sulfonate （LAS） from aqueous solution was investigated. LASs are anionic surfactants, found in relatively high amounts in domestic and industrial wastewaters. In this study, experiments on LAS solution were performed using methylene blue active substances （MBAS） method. The effectiveness of acoustical processor reactor for LAS degradation is evaluated with emphasis on the effect of treatment time and initial LAS concentration. Experiments were performed at initial concentrations of 0.2, 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0 mg/L, acoustic frequency of 130 kHz, applied power of 500 W and temperature of 18℃-20℃. At the conditions involved, LAS degradation was found to increase with increasing sonochemical time. In addition, as the concentration increased, the LAS degradation rate decreased in the acoustical processor reactor.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Xuzhou City(X2004424-1)~~
文摘A IAS degradation strain with high resistance, which could take linear alkylbenzene sulphonate （LAS） as only carton origin for growth, was isolated from the drain canal of Hangao Detergent Plant of Xuzhou. The characteristic of its degradation was researched and the results showed that the optimum conditions of this strain for degrading LAS were 30℃, pH 6.0, 150 ml solution in 500 ml triangle vase, 120 r/min, LAS concentration of 200 - 600 mg/L. The growth amount of the bacteria were up to 0. 443 （ OD400 ） and the degrading rate was up to 89.4%. The ability of the bacterium to degrade LAS could be as high as concentration of 1 200 mg/L.
