Research on the Application of Electromagnetic Method in the Exploration of Altered Rock-type Gold Deposits in the East Kunlun Metallogenic Belt

Introduction The East Kunlun Orogenic Belt is located in the northeastern part of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau(Li et al.,2007),stretching from the East Kunlun to the Elashan area in an east–west direction(Guo et al.,2018).It is an important part of the Central Orogenic Belt(Xiong et al.,2023).It is considered one of the important gold mineralization regions in the Tethys tectonic domain(Norbu et al.,2023)and an essential potential base for mineral resources in China.Wulonggou and Gouli gold mines have been discovered successively,earning the reputation of the"Golden Belt of Qinghai Province"(Feng et al.,2004;He et al.,2023).

Geological and Geochemical Constraints on the Newly Discovered Yangchongli Gold Deposit in Tongling Region, Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt

The newly discovered Yangchongli gold deposit is a unique independent gold deposit in the Tongling ore-cluster region controlled by the tectonic alteration firstly discovered in the Lower Yangtze Metallogenic Belt （LYMB）. The host magmatic rocks mainly consist of monzodiorite and K-feldspar granite. The LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircons dating yielded weighted mean 206pb/23SU ages of 140.7 ± 1.8 Ma and 126.4 ±1.2 Ma for the monzodiorite and K-feldspar granite, respectively. Monzodiorites are enriched in Sr, Ba, Rb, and depleted in Y, Yb with high Sr/Y and La/Yb ratios, similar to the geochemical features of adakite, considered as products of differentiation of mafic magmas originating from lithospheric mantle melt/fluids caused by metasomatism during paleo-Pacific Plate subduction in the Mesozic. In contrast, the compositions of K-feldspar granites are A-type granites, indicating an extensional tectonic background. Gold ores hosted in the fracture zone occurred as quartz vein within cataclastic rock. Sulfur and lead isotopes from pyrites show crust-mantle mixing characteristics. Metal components from strata also took part in the gold mineralization, and resulted from two episodes of magmatism that were probably related to tectonic transition from a compressive to an extensional setting between 140-126 Ma, which led to the Mesozoic large-scale polymetallic mineralization events in eastern China.

The first discovery of Xinlong epithermal gold deposit in southern margin of the Bangonghu-Nujiang metallogenic belt: A new expansion of gold prospecting in Northern Tibet

The Xinlong gold deposit is located in Niyma County,Naqu area of Tibet and was discovered by the Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences through the 1∶50000 mineral geological survey.The ore bodies occur in the Zenong Group volcanic rocks in the middle section of the central Lhasa subterrane and are structurally controlled by the NNW-striking faults.Four ore bodies have been found,exhibiting cloddy,dense-sparse,disseminated,and breccia structures.The ore minerals are mainly tetrahedrite group minerals,and other ore minerals include pyrite,chalcopyrite,nevskite,bornite,anglesite,native gold,and silver-gold bearing selenide,etc.The types of alteration are dominated by silicification,as well as middle-and high-graded argillization.The alteration mineral assemblages contain quzrtz,pyrophyllite,and kaolinite.The Zaliela Formation volcanic rocks of Zenong Group are silicified by later hydrothermal fluid with vuggy quartz in some fractured zones.The middle-and high-graded argillization are characterized by pyrophyllitization and kaolinization.The Xinlong gold deposit shows great metallogenetic potentiality and has been revealed by 1∶10000 geological mapping,IP sounding,and trial trenching in the mining area.Combined with the regional metallogenic geological setting,we suppose that a potential epithermal gold belt probably exists in the middle of the Lhasa terrane.The discovery of the Xinlong gold deposit opens a new chapter for the gold prospecting in Northern Tibet.

CHARACTERISTICS AND METALLOGENIC EVOLUTION OF AILAOSHAN GOLD METALLOGENIC BELTS IN YUNNAN, CHINA

Observations made in different superlarge\|large gold deposits in Ailaoshan gold metallogenic belts, Yunnan Province, China, on the eastern margin of the Qingzang (Himalayas—Karakoram—Tibet) were investigated. Geotectonically, the study area is situated in the conjoint between the Tethys and Himalayas tectonic domain, characterized by very complex geological structure, with strongly influenced by the Himalayas in late development.1\ Regional geology and gold deposits\;Ailaoshan gold metallogenic belts is localized between Ailaoshan super lithospheric faults and Jiujia—Anding brittle\|ductile shear zone, with NNW\|trending about 250km long. To southward, Zhenyuan supergiant gold deposits, Mojiang large gold deposits, and Daping giant gold deposits hosted in low metamorphic volcanic\|sedimentary rocks (D—C). Ore types include gold\|bearing quartz veins, gold\|bearing altered rocks, and the mixing of the two types. Most of gold orebodies took their positions in the substructures of the brittle\|ductile shear zone.

Measurement of Metallogenic Depth and Deep Second Enrichment Belt Forecasting in Jiaodong Gold Deposit

The depth is important for ore finding in Jiaodong gold deposit. However, many geologists are still discussing how to confirm the depth for the tectonic and metallogenesis formation. The authors of this paper propose a new method-the correction of metallogenic depth via its structure to calculate the depth. This method, based on the crust rock in a solid stress state, emphasizes the elastic pattern rather than the static fluid pattern. In addition, this method is more appropriate to the actual situation in the crust than the method of weight/special weight. The authors of this paper illustrating, with the Jiaodong gold deposit as an example, the metallogenic depth correction via structure conclude that the depth of the most deposits, lower than 4-6 km, is often 2.5 km. Therefore, the authors suggest that there exists a second enrichment belt and that ore resources are more potential at the belt of Jiaodong area. These results have been demonstrated by years of exploration.

The Newly Discovered Super-Large Wulashan-Hademengou Gold Metallogenic Belt in Inner Mongolia,China Has Gold Reserves of Over 100 Tons

The Wulashan-Hademengou gold ore district in Baotou city, Inner Mongolia, is a further newly discovered super-large gold metallogenic belt in northern China. The accumulated proven gold metal amount is 84.46 t, with an average grade of 3.53 g/t and a gold metal amount of 63.16 t, with an average grade of 3.30 g/t. The potential reserves are over 100 t.

Geological characteristics and metallogenic prognosis of main gold deposit in Altai gold ore belt, Xinjiang

Altai polymetallic mineralization belt is famous copper-polymetallic mineralization belt in the world. There are a lot of gold deposits in the Altai ore belt in Xinjiang, China. These gold deposits belong to two genetic types: volcanogene late-stage hydrothermal type and fractured altered rock type. The authors discuss mainly the geological and mineralized features of fractured altered rock type of gold deposits in Altai gold ore belt. Base on this study, the metallogenic law is summarized and the deep metallogenic prognosis has been done in Duolanasayi and Tuokuzibayi gold deposits, and some mineralized anomalys have been discovered.

A Preliminary Review of Metallogenic Regularity of Gold Deposits in China

Gold is one of the most important mineral resources in China with its rich mineral resources. In recent years, significant progress has been made on the process of gold resource exploration. Some large and giant gold deposits were newly found and some important expansions in the main mining regions were also been completed. Studies on metailogenic regularity of gold deposits in China also have made achievements with a long-term work. This review aims to conclude the achievements of research on gold metallogenic regularity in China. Based on the data of about 2000 gold deposits and other ore （mineralized） occurrences, gold deposits in China were classified into five prediction types： gold deposits genetically related to granite-greenstone formation, gold deposits related to sedimentary formation （including the Carlin type and the metamorphosed clastic rock related vein gold deposit）, gold deposits genetically related to volcanic rocks （including the continental and marine types）, gold deposits genetically related to intrusions （including the porphyry type and the inner intrusion and contact zone related gold deposit）, gold deposits of supergenesis （including fracture zone-altered rock gold deposit, placer gold deposit, gossan type gold precise chronology data of gold deposits indicate deposit and soil type gold deposit）. Statistics on that there occurred 5 main periods of gold- mineralization in geological history of China. They were Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic, Meso- Neoproterozoic, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic. Gold deposits in China mainly formed in the Mesozoic and the Cenozoic. On the studies of the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of gold deposits, 53 gold-forming belts were delineated in China. The metallogenic regularity of gold deposits was preliminarily summarized and 71 gold metallogenic series were proposed in China. This suggests that it is necceary to deepen the study on metallogenic regularity of gold deposits and to provide the theory guide for the ore-prospecting for gold resources in China.

Confirmation and Significance of Caledonian Metallogenic Epoch for Gold Deposits in South China

Caledonian gold deposits are widely distributed in South China. They are developed in both South China Caledonian fold belt and adjacent Proterozoic Jiangnan uplift. The host rocks are Proterozoic metamorphosed microclastic rocks in the Jiangnan uplift and Proterozoic and Cambrian strata, as well as Chengjiang and Caledonian igneous bodies in the South China fold belt. The distinct differences between the Caledonian and the most developed Yenshanian gold deposits in South China are reflected in age and host-rock type, relations to Yenshanian magmatic activities, element association, mineral assemblage and gold deposit type. The studies have proven that the Caledonian epoch is a principal metallogenic period of gold deposits in South China. This conclusion is of very important enlightening significance in exploration of Caledonian gold deposits in South China as well as in other Caledonian fold belts and adjacent uplifts in China.

Regional Metallogenesis of the Chang'an Gold Ore Deposit in Western Yunnan:Evidences from Fluid Inclusions and Stable Isotopes

The Chang＇an gold ore deposit in western Yunnan is located at the southern segment of the Ailaoshan metallogenic belt.The ore bodies are preserved in fractured Ordovician sedimentary clastic rocks.The gold-bearing minerals occur dominantly in sulfide-quartz veins.Fluid inclusion analysis shows that the Chang＇an gold ore deposit is characterized by epithermal gold mineralization at temperatures between 200℃and 280℃at a shallow crustal level.The mineralizing fluids have intermediate to low salinity（6%-18%） and low densities（0.72-1.27 g/cm^3）.The ore minerals haveδ^（34）S in a range from -13‰to 3.57‰,concentrated from -2.06‰to 3.57‰with an average of 1.55‰.The ^（206）Pb/^（204）Pb,^（207）Pb/^（204）Pb and ^（208）Pb/^（204）Pb values are 18.9977-19.5748,15.7093-15.784,39.3814-40.2004 respectively.These isotope data suggest that the ore-forming elements were mainly derived from mixed crustal and mantle sources.The Chang＇an gold ore deposit and Tongchang Cu-Mo deposit are closely related to each other in their spatial distribution and age of formation.They have similar sources of mineralizing elements and identical ore-forming metal elements,and show a close relationship in physical and chemical conditions of mineralization.The two deposits constitute an epithermal-porphyry -skarn type Cu-Mo-Au mineralization system in the Tongchang-Chang＇an area,which is related to the Cenozoic high-K alkaline magmatism.

Age determination of Ailaoshan gold metallogenic belt by ESR method and its geological significance

In recent years, with its application and development in the geological research fields,the ESR dating technique has become a new method to study the age of gold deposits.Some researchers at home and abroad have used this method to study some younger uranium deposits, and got ore-forming ages similar to those acquired from U-Pb dating method. In this note, we chose some quartz paragenous with gold to study the age of three typical gold deposits in Ailaoshan gold belt by ESR method. Finally, we will discuss the genesis of the deposits.

Geology and mineralization of the Dayin’gezhuang supergiant gold deposit(180 t)in the Jiaodong Peninsula,China:A review

The Dayin’gezhuang gold deposit is located in the central part of the Zhaoping Fault metallogenic belt in the Jiaodong gold province-the world’s third-largest gold metallogenic area.It is a typical successful case of prospecting at a depth of 500-2000 m in recent years,with cumulative proven gold resources exceeding 180 t.The main orebodies(No.1 and No.2 orebody)generally have a pitch direction of NNE and a plunge direction of NEE.As the ore-controlling fault,the Zhaoping Fault is a shovel-shaped stepped fault,with its dip angle presenting stepped high-to-low transitions at the elevation of -2000-0 m.The gold mineralization enrichment area is mainly distributed in the step parts where the fault plane changes from steeply to gently,forming a stepped metallogenic pattern from shallow to deep.It can be concluded from previous studies that the gold mineralization of the Dayin’gezhuang gold deposit occurred at about 120 Ma.The ore-forming fluids were H_(2)O-CO_(2)-NaCl-type hydrothermal solutions with a medium-low temperature and medium-low salinity.The H-O isotopic characteristics indicate that the fluids in the early ore-forming stage were possibly magmatic water or mantle water and that meteoric water gradually entered the ore-forming fluids in the late ore-forming stage.The S and Pb isotopes indicate that the ore-forming materials mainly originate from the lower crust and contain a small quantity of mantle-derived components.The comprehensive analysis shows that the Dayin’gezhuang gold deposit was formed by thermal uplifting-extensional tectonism.The strong crust-mantle interactions,large-scale magmatism,and the material exchange arising from the transformation from adakitic granites to arc granites and from the ancient lower crust to the juvenile lower crust during the Early Cretaceous provided abundant fluids and material sources for mineralization.Moreover,the detachment faults formed by the rapid magmatic uplift and the extensional tectonism created favorable temperature and pressure conditions and space for fluid accumulation and gold precipitation and mineralization.

Gold enrichment characteristics and exploration prospects in Zambia: Based on 1∶1000000 geochemical mapping

The 1∶1000000 geochemical mapping of Zambia provides catchment sediment geochemical data for 58elements including Au from 746 sediment samples at 736 sampling sites,corresponding to a sampling density of about one site per 1000 km2.Under strict quality control using field duplicates,certified reference materials,and analytical replicate samples,the Au was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS).The detection limit of Au was 0.20×10^(-9).The 95%range(2.5%–97.5%)of Au concentrations was from 0.24×10^(-9) to 1.36×10^(-9),and the median value was 0.40×10^(-9).The most noticeable Au distribution patterns shown on the map are mainly located between Lusaka and Ndola(Lufilian Arc Belt).In addition,several high Au value areas occurred in Mansa,Muyombe,Chipata,and Livingstone.The spatial distribution patterns of Au in tectonic units,drainage basins,and geomorphological landscapes could be related to the Lufilian Arc Belt and Bangweulu Block.The Au concentrations show metallogenic belts between Muyombe and Mbala areas,between Mansa and Ndola areas,and between Lusaka and Kasempa areas.

中亚成矿域西部早二叠世金、镍重大成矿事件

晚古生代是地球历史上一个重要时期,蕴含着潘吉亚超大陆、规模最大冰期、最严重的生物大灭绝以及巨量矿产资源形成的关键信息。地处欧亚大陆腹地的中亚成矿域是全球最大的显生宙大陆增生区,以晚古生代大规模成矿为显著特色,尤其早二叠世(270~290 Ma)在中亚成矿域西部天山及邻区巨量金、镍爆发性集中成矿作用,造就出世界第二大金成矿省,形成了超过10000 t金,造就出具有世界特色的造山带岩浆型镍矿集区,形成了包括8个大型-超大型矿床在内的东天山、额尔齐斯、北山3个重要镍矿床集中区,镍资源达250万t,是一次全球罕见的金-镍时间耦合重大成矿事件。文章基于最新研究成果,系统论述了中亚成矿域西部早二叠世金、镍大规模成矿的时空分布和基本地质特征,探讨了该重大成矿事件的区域动力学背景和可能成矿机制。研究认为,早二叠世金矿床产于天山古缝合带附近的脆/韧性构造变形带,构成独具特色的大陆变形带金成矿系统,已有成矿理论难以涵盖,含碳碎屑岩系、地块抬升导致的大规模区域变质作用、多来源的流体作用、多期构造活化富集、多种因素耦合叠加等,可能是大规模金成矿的关键条件;早二叠世镍矿床沿天山、北山、阿尔泰地区深大断裂附近的镁铁-超镁铁质岩体线性展布,是全球造山带镍成矿作用最强烈、发现矿床数量最多的地区,俯冲熔/流体的交代岩石圈地幔/软流圈发生高程度部分熔融、区域超壳深断裂为玄武质岩浆提供快速运移的通道、壳源物质加入触发硫化物熔离、硫化物与多幕脉动侵位的岩浆反应是造山带岩浆型镍大规模成矿的关键。整体上,中亚成矿域西部早二叠世金、镍重大成矿事件表现为“时间耦合、西金东镍”的时空格局,但大规模成矿的全球和区域动力学背景、金与镍富集机制及成矿响应机理还是未解之谜。

塞尔维亚蒂莫克铜金矿集区典型矿床地质特征

特提斯成矿带是全球三大成矿带之一,阿普塞尼(Apuseni)-巴纳特(Banat)-蒂莫克(Timok)-斯雷德诺戈里斯基(Srednogorie)岩浆成矿带(ABTS多金属成矿带)位于特提斯成矿带西缘,由阿普塞尼–巴纳特铁铜铅锌矿集区、蒂莫克铜金矿集区和斯雷德诺戈里斯基铜金矿集区组成,成矿作用主要与晚白垩世钙碱性岩浆活动有关。塞尔维亚蒂莫克铜金矿集区作为ABTS多金属成矿带经济意义巨大的矿集区之一,总结该地区矿床地质特征及成矿规律对下一步的找矿勘查具有重要指导意义。综述了蒂莫克铜金矿集区及其典型矿床的地质特征,总结了矿集区成矿规律与动力学背景。蒂莫克铜金矿集区典型矿床形成时代集中在88~78 Ma之间,成矿作用历时10 Ma左右,矿集区内成矿作用时代呈现出由东向西逐渐年轻的趋势。矿集区中典型矿床类型主要为斑岩型(如马伊丹佩克矿床、克里韦利矿床和瓦利亚斯特尔茨矿床)和高硫化浅成低温热液-斑岩型(如博尔矿床和丘卡卢佩吉矿床),这些矿床以铜金矿化为主。矿床类型、矿化特征及矿体埋深存在的差异可能与区域上新生代右旋构造在矿集区形成的逆冲推覆构造及成矿后不均匀剥蚀有关。根据矿集区典型矿床的矿化类型及矿体埋深海拔标高的变化趋势,认为矿集区北部—西北部和丘卡卢佩吉矿床东南部仍具有一定的找矿潜力。

成矿流体运移与就位及其构造控制机理:以胶东焦家金矿带为例

热液成矿系统的形成受控于构造运动引发的成矿流体运移和就位,构造是一级控矿因素,成矿流体的运移与就位则为构造控矿理论的核心。以流体压力差为主导、综合水力梯度和热传导等多种或单一主导因素驱动流体在围岩中由断层、裂隙和孔隙组成的输运通道中运移。流体在构造裂隙或孔隙中发生化学反应、流体混合和不混溶作用、流体沸腾都会导致流体物理化学性质发生变化,导致成矿物质沉淀;流体运移形式影响着矿化形式的表达,以管道流形式在宏观断层和裂隙中运移的流体以形成规模较大且矿化程度高的脉状矿体为主,而在围岩微米级裂隙和孔隙中广泛发育的渗透流多形成矿化品位稳定、规模中等的细脉-浸染状矿体。构造变形与流体压力、应力状态之间的动态耦合导致矿体的时空定位,断层阀-泵吸机制是解释造山型金成矿作用最具代表性的构造-流体耦合成矿动力学模型。胶东焦家金矿带中矿床的形成与分布受到焦家断裂带上一、二、三级断裂构造的联合控制:压剪性的焦家断裂为一级控矿构造,控制了广泛的以绢英岩化为主的热液蚀变作用和破碎带蚀变岩型金矿体的形成与就位;在其下盘张剪性的望儿山断裂为二级控矿构造,热液蚀变相对较弱,发育过渡型金矿体;三级控矿构造为以鲍李断裂为主的数十条张剪性断裂和节理系,蚀变-矿化程度最弱,主要控制石英脉型金矿体的产出。寺庄金矿床矿体三维几何学结构研究表明从I号到Ⅲ号矿体群的形态扁平程度增加,说明成矿流体输运方式由渗透流向管道流的空间演变,矿体产状差异则反映成矿流体运移方向也发生了变化。进一步研究需融合多学科方法和成果,特别是深入剖析显微-超显微变形组构与成矿流体行为耦合关系,构建逼近实际的多尺度构造-流体耦合成矿模型,揭示热液成矿系统形成的精细过程和机理。

夹皮沟成矿带小北沟金矿床成矿流体特征及其地质意义

小北沟金矿床地处夹皮沟成矿带中部,为石英脉-蚀变岩型金矿床。矿区赋矿围岩主要为高角闪岩-麻粒岩相斜长角闪岩,含金石英脉呈小而不连续的平行细脉或透镜体状产于NW向叠加于早期韧性剪切带之上的次级脆性剪切裂隙之中,其上、下盘旁侧及尖灭处发育少量低品位蚀变岩型(蚀变糜棱岩、片糜岩)矿体。主成矿阶段流体包裹体研究表明,矿石中石英主要发育CO_(2)、富CO_(2)、含CO_(2)及气液两相四种类型原生流体包裹体,测温结果显示包裹体均一温度为226.8~362.5℃,盐度(w(NaCl))为3.57%~11.95%,密度为0.65~0.91 g/cm^(3);成矿流体总体属中低温、中低盐度和低密度的富CO_(2)的CO_(2)-H_(2)O-NaCl体系,成矿压力为70~206 MPa,成矿深度约为9.8 km。包裹体O同位素δ^(18)O_(V-SMOW)值为10.8‰~11.3‰,H同位素δD_(V-SMOW)值为-102.8‰~-96.7‰,C同位素δ^(13)C_(V-PDB)值为-20.6‰~-8.3‰,反映主成矿阶段成矿流体来源具幔源属性。矿石中CO_(2)和富CO_(2)包裹体CO_(2)相均一温度为-24.7~26.6℃,明显低于邻近其他矿床(如三道岔金矿床为21.9~29.7℃,二道沟金矿床为23.8~30.9℃等),暗示其成矿深度较深。小北沟金矿床的地质、流体包裹体和H-O-C同位素特征共同揭示该矿床属于中温热液脉型金矿床,处于深大断裂的脆性区构造层次向韧脆性区构造层次过渡部位,深部仍应有一定的进一步找矿前景,但矿石类型可能由石英脉型转为构造蚀变岩型或蚀变糜棱岩型。

试论中亚造山带东部多宝山矿田斑岩铜浅成低温金系统成矿特征与矿床模型

多宝山矿田位于中亚造山带东段,是目前我国东北地区规模最大、成矿时代最老(477~470 Ma)的斑岩铜钼浅成低温热液金成矿系统,已探明铜、钼、金储量分别可达5 Mt、0.16 Mt和130 t。从成矿系统角度,其成矿特征和矿床模型尚不清晰。本文系统分析了矿床的地质地球化学特征和成矿时代,发现该成矿系统存在两期成矿事件,以第一期为主,发生在早奥陶世;第二期为叠加成矿,发生在晚三叠世。成矿作用具有下部为隐爆角砾状铜矿化、中部为脉状铜矿化、上部为金矿化的空间结构特征,围岩蚀变从中心向两侧依次为钾化黑云母化带、青磐岩化带、黏土化带、碳酸盐化带、绢英岩化带和硅化带。成矿流体主要来源于岩浆水,从多宝山斑岩铜矿到争光浅成热液金矿床呈现大气水加入比例增大的趋势。根据第一期成矿斑岩具有高Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)(174~461;均值约290)、高f_(O2)埃达克质岩浆特征,进一步得出主成矿期与古生代古亚洲洋俯冲作用相关的壳幔混源岩浆作用有关。成矿受古火山机构所制约,其北西到南东成矿深度增大与剥蚀程度相关,受铜山逆断层作用效应,暗示铜山断层以南为较好的找矿靶区。最后,本文建立了该区古生代斑岩铜浅成低温热液金成矿系统的矿床模型,以期为该区进一步矿产勘探提供借鉴。

北山成矿带老硐沟金多金属矿床S-Pb-C-O同位素特征及其对矿床成因的约束

老硐沟金多金属矿床是北山成矿带内蒙古段最为典型的金矿床之一,其矿床成因存在较多争议,矿床成矿物质来源方面的研究几近空白。文章基于详细的野外实地调查,选取不同成矿阶段的硫化物和方解石,开展原位S-Pb同位素和C-O同位素测试。研究结果表明,老硐沟金多金属矿床δ34S值为-0.56‰~5.54‰,^(206)Pb/^(204)Pb比值为18.326~18.390,207Pb/^(204)Pb比值为15.563~15.645,^(208)Pb/^(204)Pb比值为38.226~38.390,铅同位素μ值变化范围为9.40~9.55,ω值变化范围为35.77~36.85,方铅矿二阶段模式年龄为232~270 Ma,δ^(13)C值介于-0.04‰~2.93‰之间,表明老硐沟金多金属矿床成矿物质具有岩浆和地层混合来源性质,成矿流体以岩浆来源为主,成矿作用晚期流体中混入了地层变质水。文章从矿床稳定同位素研究方面,结合前人对北山造山带构造演化的认识,提出老硐沟金多金属矿床成因为岩浆热液型。

大别造山带双庙关金矿床成矿时代与成矿背景

湖北省麻城市双庙关金矿床隶属于秦岭-大别成矿带,近年来找矿进展显著,但成矿时代和成矿背景尚不清楚。矿区广泛发育新元古代片麻状二长花岗岩和变辉长岩,沿NE-NNE向和NW向断裂产出11条金矿(化)体。基于详细野外调查发现,矿区北部钾长花岗岩体、花岗斑岩体均被NE向含矿断裂穿切,为成矿前岩浆活动产物,矿区中部的闪长岩脉则穿切矿体,晚于成矿事件。钾长花岗岩体、花岗斑岩体和闪长岩脉的锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄分别为(133.6±1.1)Ma、(127.9±1.6)Ma和(126.6±1.3)Ma。因此,双庙关金矿床应形成于128~126 Ma,与小秦岭、熊耳山、桐柏等矿集区金爆发式成矿的时间一致,与中国东部岩石圈破坏导致的构造-岩浆事件密切相关。