Anammox （anaerobic ammonium oxidation） is an important process in many suboxic to anoxic marine environments for converting fixed nitrogen to N2, and has a major impact on the marine nitrogen cycle. Ladderane core l...Anammox （anaerobic ammonium oxidation） is an important process in many suboxic to anoxic marine environments for converting fixed nitrogen to N2, and has a major impact on the marine nitrogen cycle. Ladderane core lipids have been utilized as an indicator of the contribution of anammox to the marine nitrogen cycles. However, such studies have not been reported for the China seas and little is known about the importance of anammox within the nitrogen cycle of these marginal seas. In the research reported here, the ladderane core lipid contents of 17 surface sediment samples from the East China Sea are reported, and their spatial distribution is investigated. C^8-[5]-ladderane FAME, C20-[5]-ladderane FAME and C20-[3]- ladderane FAME have all been detected, suggesting that the anammox bacteria are widely present within the study area. The total contents of the three ladderane lipids （ZFAMEs） range from 24-355 ng/g （weight of dry sediments）, with higher contents occurring in the Minzhe Mud Zone and broadly coincident with the spatial distribution of hypoxia. It is suggested that the sedimentary ladderane core lipids are mainly produced in the water column and their sedimentary contents can be used as indicators of water column hypoxia.展开更多
目的:本实验拟观察核心力量训练干预中年男性出租车司机脂代谢紊乱的疗效,为探索降低代谢综合征(MS)发病率的方法提供实验依据。方法:40例受试者随机分为两组:实验组20例,最终完成实验者18例;对照组20例,最终17例完成实验。对两组受试...目的:本实验拟观察核心力量训练干预中年男性出租车司机脂代谢紊乱的疗效,为探索降低代谢综合征(MS)发病率的方法提供实验依据。方法:40例受试者随机分为两组:实验组20例,最终完成实验者18例;对照组20例,最终17例完成实验。对两组受试者都进行健康教育,每周1次,每次20min,持续8周。对照组保持日常活动,不限制饮食;实验组进行核心力量训练(热身15min,核心力量训练35min,整理10min,共60min,每周锻炼3次,隔日1次,持续锻炼8周,共24次),不限制饮食。实验前后分别测定两组受试者血清胆固醇(CHO)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、血清胰岛素、瘦素和内脂素值。结果:①组内比较,实验组实验后TG(1.90±0.71 vs 1.63±0.68,P<0.01),CHO(5.46±0.91 vs 5.06±1.02,P<0.01)、LDL(3.31±0.76 vs 2.97±0.87,P<0.05)较实验前显著性降低,HDL(1.20±0.19 vs 1.27±0.16,P<0.05)与实验前相比显著性升高;对照组实验前后各指标均有所改善,但差异无显著性。组间比较,两组受试者血脂各指标实验前后比较均差异无显著性(P>0.05)。②组内比较,实验组实验后胰岛素(9.23±3.86 vs 8.68±3.92,P<0.01)、瘦素(1.96±0.87vs 1.32±0.58,P<0.01)、内脂素(5.30±3.43 vs 3.60±2.23,P<0.001)较实验前显著降低;对照组各指标水平也有下降趋势,但差异无显著性(P>0.05)。组间比较,实验前,两组受试者各指标数值虽略有差异,但差异无显著性(P>0.05);实验后,两组受试者各指标比较,瘦素(1.31±0.58 vs 2.27±0.76,P<0.001)差异有显著性,而胰岛素和内脂素差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:①8周核心力量训练可以显著改善脂代谢,降低异常脂代谢带来的健康风险;②本核心力量训练方案是一个安全、有效、实用的训练方案。展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive brain disorder and complex mechanisms are involved in the physiopathology of Alzheimer’s disease.However,there is data suggesting that inflammation plays a role in its developmen...Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive brain disorder and complex mechanisms are involved in the physiopathology of Alzheimer’s disease.However,there is data suggesting that inflammation plays a role in its development and progression.Indeed,some non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs,such as meloxicam,which act by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 have been used as neuroprotective agents in different neurodegenerative disease models.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of co-nanoencapsulated curcumin and meloxicam in lipid core nanocapsules(LCN)on cognitive impairment induced by amyloid-beta peptide injection in mice.LCN were prepared by the nanoprecipitation method.Male Swiss mice received a single intracerebroventricular injection of amyloid-beta peptide aggregates(fragment 25–35,3 nmol/3μL)or vehicle and were subsequently treated with curcumin-loaded LCN(10 mg/kg)or meloxicam-loaded LCN(5 mg/kg)or meloxicam+curcumin-co-loaded LCN(5 and 10 mg/kg,respectively).Treatments were given on alternate days for 12 days(i.e.,six doses,once every 48 hours,by intragastric gavage).Our data showed that amyloid-beta peptide infusion caused long-term memory deficits in the inhibitory avoidance and object recognition tests in mice.In the inhibitory avoidance test,both meloxicam and curcumin formulations(oil or co-loaded LCN)improved amyloid-beta-induced memory impairment in mice.However,only meloxicam and curcumin-co-loaded LCN attenuated non-aversive memory impairment in the object recognition test.Moreover,the beneficial effects of meloxicam and curcuminco-loaded LCN could be explained by the anti-inflammatory properties of these drugs through cortical cyclooxygenase-2 downregulation.Our study suggests that the neuroprotective potential of meloxicam and curcumin co-nanoencapsulation is associated with cortical cyclooxygenase-2 modulation.This study was approved by the Committee on Care and Use of Experimental Animal Resources,the Federal University of Pampa,Brazil(approval No.02-2015)on April 16,2015.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2010CB428901)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21007062, 41020164005)the Ocean University of China Special Fund Projects for Young Teachers (No. 201013018)
文摘Anammox （anaerobic ammonium oxidation） is an important process in many suboxic to anoxic marine environments for converting fixed nitrogen to N2, and has a major impact on the marine nitrogen cycle. Ladderane core lipids have been utilized as an indicator of the contribution of anammox to the marine nitrogen cycles. However, such studies have not been reported for the China seas and little is known about the importance of anammox within the nitrogen cycle of these marginal seas. In the research reported here, the ladderane core lipid contents of 17 surface sediment samples from the East China Sea are reported, and their spatial distribution is investigated. C^8-[5]-ladderane FAME, C20-[5]-ladderane FAME and C20-[3]- ladderane FAME have all been detected, suggesting that the anammox bacteria are widely present within the study area. The total contents of the three ladderane lipids （ZFAMEs） range from 24-355 ng/g （weight of dry sediments）, with higher contents occurring in the Minzhe Mud Zone and broadly coincident with the spatial distribution of hypoxia. It is suggested that the sedimentary ladderane core lipids are mainly produced in the water column and their sedimentary contents can be used as indicators of water column hypoxia.
文摘目的:本实验拟观察核心力量训练干预中年男性出租车司机脂代谢紊乱的疗效,为探索降低代谢综合征(MS)发病率的方法提供实验依据。方法:40例受试者随机分为两组:实验组20例,最终完成实验者18例;对照组20例,最终17例完成实验。对两组受试者都进行健康教育,每周1次,每次20min,持续8周。对照组保持日常活动,不限制饮食;实验组进行核心力量训练(热身15min,核心力量训练35min,整理10min,共60min,每周锻炼3次,隔日1次,持续锻炼8周,共24次),不限制饮食。实验前后分别测定两组受试者血清胆固醇(CHO)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、血清胰岛素、瘦素和内脂素值。结果:①组内比较,实验组实验后TG(1.90±0.71 vs 1.63±0.68,P<0.01),CHO(5.46±0.91 vs 5.06±1.02,P<0.01)、LDL(3.31±0.76 vs 2.97±0.87,P<0.05)较实验前显著性降低,HDL(1.20±0.19 vs 1.27±0.16,P<0.05)与实验前相比显著性升高;对照组实验前后各指标均有所改善,但差异无显著性。组间比较,两组受试者血脂各指标实验前后比较均差异无显著性(P>0.05)。②组内比较,实验组实验后胰岛素(9.23±3.86 vs 8.68±3.92,P<0.01)、瘦素(1.96±0.87vs 1.32±0.58,P<0.01)、内脂素(5.30±3.43 vs 3.60±2.23,P<0.001)较实验前显著降低;对照组各指标水平也有下降趋势,但差异无显著性(P>0.05)。组间比较,实验前,两组受试者各指标数值虽略有差异,但差异无显著性(P>0.05);实验后,两组受试者各指标比较,瘦素(1.31±0.58 vs 2.27±0.76,P<0.001)差异有显著性,而胰岛素和内脂素差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:①8周核心力量训练可以显著改善脂代谢,降低异常脂代谢带来的健康风险;②本核心力量训练方案是一个安全、有效、实用的训练方案。
基金This study was supported by the Rio Grande do Sul Science Foundation(FAPERGS),grants#16/2551-0000207-0 and 16/0526-5(PRONUPEQ)(to SP)National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development(CNPq)(Universal grants#423435/2016-7 and 460122/2014-2)and for student scholarships(to CL,SEH and DSÁ).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive brain disorder and complex mechanisms are involved in the physiopathology of Alzheimer’s disease.However,there is data suggesting that inflammation plays a role in its development and progression.Indeed,some non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs,such as meloxicam,which act by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 have been used as neuroprotective agents in different neurodegenerative disease models.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of co-nanoencapsulated curcumin and meloxicam in lipid core nanocapsules(LCN)on cognitive impairment induced by amyloid-beta peptide injection in mice.LCN were prepared by the nanoprecipitation method.Male Swiss mice received a single intracerebroventricular injection of amyloid-beta peptide aggregates(fragment 25–35,3 nmol/3μL)or vehicle and were subsequently treated with curcumin-loaded LCN(10 mg/kg)or meloxicam-loaded LCN(5 mg/kg)or meloxicam+curcumin-co-loaded LCN(5 and 10 mg/kg,respectively).Treatments were given on alternate days for 12 days(i.e.,six doses,once every 48 hours,by intragastric gavage).Our data showed that amyloid-beta peptide infusion caused long-term memory deficits in the inhibitory avoidance and object recognition tests in mice.In the inhibitory avoidance test,both meloxicam and curcumin formulations(oil or co-loaded LCN)improved amyloid-beta-induced memory impairment in mice.However,only meloxicam and curcumin-co-loaded LCN attenuated non-aversive memory impairment in the object recognition test.Moreover,the beneficial effects of meloxicam and curcuminco-loaded LCN could be explained by the anti-inflammatory properties of these drugs through cortical cyclooxygenase-2 downregulation.Our study suggests that the neuroprotective potential of meloxicam and curcumin co-nanoencapsulation is associated with cortical cyclooxygenase-2 modulation.This study was approved by the Committee on Care and Use of Experimental Animal Resources,the Federal University of Pampa,Brazil(approval No.02-2015)on April 16,2015.
