Purpose： The late Don R. Swanson was well appreciated during his lifetime as Dean of the Graduate Library School at University of Chicago, as winner of the American Society for Information Science Award of Merit for ...Purpose： The late Don R. Swanson was well appreciated during his lifetime as Dean of the Graduate Library School at University of Chicago, as winner of the American Society for Information Science Award of Merit for 2000, and as author of many seminal articles. In this informal essay, I will give my personal perspective on Don＇s contributions to science, and outline some current and future directions in literature-based discovery that are rooted in concepts that he developed.Design/methodology/approach： Personal recollections and literature review. Findings： The Swanson A-B-C model of literature-based discovery has been successfully used by laboratory investigators analyzing their findings and hypotheses. It continues to be a fertile area of research in a wide range of application areas including text mining, drug repurposing, studies of scientific innovation, knowledge discovery in databases, and bioinformatics. Recently, additional modes of discovery that do not follow the A-B-C model have also been proposed and explored （e.g. so-called storytelling, gaps, analogies, link prediction, negative consensus, outliers, and revival of neglected or discarded research questions）. Research limitations： This paper reflects the opinions of the author and is not a comprehensive nor technically based review of literature-based discovery. Practical implications： The general scientific public is still not aware of the availability of tools for literature-based discovery. Our Arrowsmith project site maintains a suite of discovery tools that are free and open to the public （http：//arrowsmith.psych.uic.edu）, as does BITOLA which is maintained by Dmitar Hristovski （http：// http：//ibmi.mf.uni-lj.si/bitola）, and Epiphanet which is maintained by Trevor Cohen （http：//epiphanet.uth.tme.edu/）. Bringing user-friendly tools to the public should be a high priority, since even more than advancing basic research in informatics, it is vital that we ensure that scientists actually use discovery tools and that these are actually able to help them make experimental discoveries in the lab and in the clinic. Originality/value： This paper discusses problems and issues which were inherent in Don＇s thoughts during his life, including those which have not yet been fully taken up and studied systematically.展开更多
Based on the analysis of the existing ranking terminology or subject relevancy of documents methods through an intermediary collection as a catalyst(designated as Group B collection) for the purpose of of non-interact...Based on the analysis of the existing ranking terminology or subject relevancy of documents methods through an intermediary collection as a catalyst(designated as Group B collection) for the purpose of of non-interactive literature-based discovery, this article proposes a bi-directional document occurrence frequency based ranking method according to the 'concurrence theory' and the degree and extent of the subject relevancy. This method explores and further refines the ranking method that is based on the occurrence frequency of the usage of certain terminologies and documents and injects a new insightful perspective of the concurrence of appropriate terminologies/documents in the 'low occurrence frequency component' of three non-interactive document collections. A preliminary experiment was conducted to analyze and to test the significance and viability of our newly designed operational method.展开更多
目的采用Meta分析的方法系统评价利用三维时间飞跃法磁共振血管成像(three-dimensional time of flight magnetic resonance angiography,3D-TOF-MRA)方法诊断破裂颅内动脉瘤(ruptured intracranial aneurysm,RIA)的价值。材料与方法使...目的采用Meta分析的方法系统评价利用三维时间飞跃法磁共振血管成像(three-dimensional time of flight magnetic resonance angiography,3D-TOF-MRA)方法诊断破裂颅内动脉瘤(ruptured intracranial aneurysm,RIA)的价值。材料与方法使用计算机检索中国知网、中国生物医学文献、万方、维普、Cochrane Library、Pub Med、Embase、Web of Science数据库中3D-TOF-MRA诊断RIA的文献,检索时间从数据库建立截止到2016年12月。由2名研究人员独立按照预先设定的纳入与排除标准筛选文献、提取资料,首先采用QUADAS-2工具评价纳入研究的偏倚风险,其次使用Stata 12.0软件进行Meta汇总分析,计算合并敏感度、特异度、阳性似然比、阴性似然比、诊断比值比,最终绘制受试者工作特征曲线(summary receiver operating characteristic curve,SROC曲线)并计算曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)。结果最终纳入13篇文献,包括15个研究,共计1004例经过数字减影血管造影或手术病理诊断为RIA患者以及1056例可疑RIA患者。Meta分析汇总结果显示,磁共振成像3D-TOF-MRA诊断RIA的Sen_(合并)=0.94[95% CI(0.91,0.97)]、Spe_(合并)=0.94[95% CI(0.97,0.98)]、+LR_(合并)=9.25[95% CI(5.28,16.20)]、-LR_(合并)=0.07[95% CI(0.05,0.12)]、DOR_(合并)=151.90[95% CI(70.27,328.37)]、AUC=0.98。亚组分析结果显示:3D-TOF-MRA在3.0 T高场强条件下诊断RIA的敏感度高于1.5 T低场强(P<0.05)条件下,研究类型和研究标准对3D-TOF-MRA诊断RIA影响不显著(P>0.05)。结论 3D-TOF-MRA对诊断RIA具有明确的价值,高场强能提高3D-TOF-MRA对RIA的诊断效能。展开更多
基金supported by NIH grants R01LM010817 and P01AG039347
文摘Purpose： The late Don R. Swanson was well appreciated during his lifetime as Dean of the Graduate Library School at University of Chicago, as winner of the American Society for Information Science Award of Merit for 2000, and as author of many seminal articles. In this informal essay, I will give my personal perspective on Don＇s contributions to science, and outline some current and future directions in literature-based discovery that are rooted in concepts that he developed.Design/methodology/approach： Personal recollections and literature review. Findings： The Swanson A-B-C model of literature-based discovery has been successfully used by laboratory investigators analyzing their findings and hypotheses. It continues to be a fertile area of research in a wide range of application areas including text mining, drug repurposing, studies of scientific innovation, knowledge discovery in databases, and bioinformatics. Recently, additional modes of discovery that do not follow the A-B-C model have also been proposed and explored （e.g. so-called storytelling, gaps, analogies, link prediction, negative consensus, outliers, and revival of neglected or discarded research questions）. Research limitations： This paper reflects the opinions of the author and is not a comprehensive nor technically based review of literature-based discovery. Practical implications： The general scientific public is still not aware of the availability of tools for literature-based discovery. Our Arrowsmith project site maintains a suite of discovery tools that are free and open to the public （http：//arrowsmith.psych.uic.edu）, as does BITOLA which is maintained by Dmitar Hristovski （http：// http：//ibmi.mf.uni-lj.si/bitola）, and Epiphanet which is maintained by Trevor Cohen （http：//epiphanet.uth.tme.edu/）. Bringing user-friendly tools to the public should be a high priority, since even more than advancing basic research in informatics, it is vital that we ensure that scientists actually use discovery tools and that these are actually able to help them make experimental discoveries in the lab and in the clinic. Originality/value： This paper discusses problems and issues which were inherent in Don＇s thoughts during his life, including those which have not yet been fully taken up and studied systematically.
基金supported by Humanities and Social Science Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.07JA870005)
文摘Based on the analysis of the existing ranking terminology or subject relevancy of documents methods through an intermediary collection as a catalyst(designated as Group B collection) for the purpose of of non-interactive literature-based discovery, this article proposes a bi-directional document occurrence frequency based ranking method according to the 'concurrence theory' and the degree and extent of the subject relevancy. This method explores and further refines the ranking method that is based on the occurrence frequency of the usage of certain terminologies and documents and injects a new insightful perspective of the concurrence of appropriate terminologies/documents in the 'low occurrence frequency component' of three non-interactive document collections. A preliminary experiment was conducted to analyze and to test the significance and viability of our newly designed operational method.
文摘目的采用Meta分析的方法系统评价利用三维时间飞跃法磁共振血管成像(three-dimensional time of flight magnetic resonance angiography,3D-TOF-MRA)方法诊断破裂颅内动脉瘤(ruptured intracranial aneurysm,RIA)的价值。材料与方法使用计算机检索中国知网、中国生物医学文献、万方、维普、Cochrane Library、Pub Med、Embase、Web of Science数据库中3D-TOF-MRA诊断RIA的文献,检索时间从数据库建立截止到2016年12月。由2名研究人员独立按照预先设定的纳入与排除标准筛选文献、提取资料,首先采用QUADAS-2工具评价纳入研究的偏倚风险,其次使用Stata 12.0软件进行Meta汇总分析,计算合并敏感度、特异度、阳性似然比、阴性似然比、诊断比值比,最终绘制受试者工作特征曲线(summary receiver operating characteristic curve,SROC曲线)并计算曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)。结果最终纳入13篇文献,包括15个研究,共计1004例经过数字减影血管造影或手术病理诊断为RIA患者以及1056例可疑RIA患者。Meta分析汇总结果显示,磁共振成像3D-TOF-MRA诊断RIA的Sen_(合并)=0.94[95% CI(0.91,0.97)]、Spe_(合并)=0.94[95% CI(0.97,0.98)]、+LR_(合并)=9.25[95% CI(5.28,16.20)]、-LR_(合并)=0.07[95% CI(0.05,0.12)]、DOR_(合并)=151.90[95% CI(70.27,328.37)]、AUC=0.98。亚组分析结果显示:3D-TOF-MRA在3.0 T高场强条件下诊断RIA的敏感度高于1.5 T低场强(P<0.05)条件下,研究类型和研究标准对3D-TOF-MRA诊断RIA影响不显著(P>0.05)。结论 3D-TOF-MRA对诊断RIA具有明确的价值,高场强能提高3D-TOF-MRA对RIA的诊断效能。
