The safety valve is an important component to ensure the safe operation of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,the effect of safety valve type on the thermal runaway(TR)and gas venting behavior of LIBs,as well as the ...The safety valve is an important component to ensure the safe operation of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,the effect of safety valve type on the thermal runaway(TR)and gas venting behavior of LIBs,as well as the TR hazard severity of LIBs,are not known.In this paper,the TR and gas venting behavior of three 100 A h lithium iron phosphate(LFP)batteries with different safety valves are investigated under overheating.Compared to previous studies,the main contribution of this work is in studying and evaluating the effect of gas venting behavior and TR hazard severity of LFP batteries with three safety valve types.Two significant results are obtained:(Ⅰ)the safety valve type dominates over gas venting pressure of battery during safety venting,the maximum gas venting pressure of LFP batteries with a round safety valve is 3320 Pa,which is one order of magnitude higher than other batteries with oval or cavity safety valve;(Ⅱ)the LFP battery with oval safety valve has the lowest TR hazard as shown by the TR hazard assessment model based on gray-fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.This study reveals the effect of safety valve type on TR and gas venting,providing a clear direction for the safety valve design.展开更多
Applying spent lithium iron phosphate battery as raw material,valuable metals in spent lithium ion battery were effectively recovered through separation of active material,selective leaching,and stepwise chemical prec...Applying spent lithium iron phosphate battery as raw material,valuable metals in spent lithium ion battery were effectively recovered through separation of active material,selective leaching,and stepwise chemical precipitation.Using stoichiometric Na2S2O8 as an oxidant and adding low-concentration H2SO4 as a leaching agent was proposed.This route was totally different from the conventional methods of dissolving all of the elements into solution by using excess mineral acid.When experiments were done under optimal conditions(Na2S2O8-to-Li molar ratio 0.45,0.30 mol/L H2SO4,60℃,1.5 h),leaching efficiencies of 97.53% for Li^+,1.39%for Fe^3+,and 2.58% for PO4^3−were recorded.FePO4 was then recovered by a precipitation method from the leachate while maintaining the pH at 2.0.The mother liquor was concentrated and maintained at a temperature of approximately 100℃,and then a saturated sodium carbonate solution was added to precipitate Li2CO3.The lithium recovery yield was close to 80%.展开更多
The recycling of cathode materials from spent lithium-ion battery has attracted extensive attention,but few research have focused on spent blended cathode materials.In reality,the blended materials of lithium iron pho...The recycling of cathode materials from spent lithium-ion battery has attracted extensive attention,but few research have focused on spent blended cathode materials.In reality,the blended materials of lithium iron phosphate and ternary are widely used in electric vehicles,so it is critical to design an effective recycling technique.In this study,an efficient method for recovering Li and Fe from the blended cathode materials of spent LiFePO_(4)and LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Mn_(1-x-y)O_(2)batteries is proposed.First,87%A1 was removed by alkali leaching.Then,91.65%Li,72.08%Ni,64.6%Co and 71.66%Mn were further separated by selective leaching with H_(2)SO_(4)and H_(2)O_(2).Li,Ni,Co and Mn in solution were recovered in the form of Li_(2)CO_(3)and hydroxide respectively.Subsequently,98.38%Fe was leached from the residue by two stage process,and it is recovered as FePO_(4)·2H_(2)O with a purity of 99.5%by precipitation.Fe and P were present in FePO_(4)·2H_(2)O in amounts of 28.34%and 15.98%,respectively.Additionally,the drift and control of various components were discussed,and cost-benefit analysis was used to assess the feasibility of potential application.展开更多
With accurate battery modeling, circuit designers and automotive control algorithms developers can predict and optimize the battery performance. In this paper, an experimental verification of an accurate model for pri...With accurate battery modeling, circuit designers and automotive control algorithms developers can predict and optimize the battery performance. In this paper, an experimental verification of an accurate model for prismatic high current lithium-iron-phosphate battery is presented. An automotive TSLFP160AHA lithium-iron-phosphate battery bank is tested. The different capacity GBDLFMP60AH battery bank is used to validate the model extracted from the former battery. Effect of current, stacking and SOC upon the battery parameters performance is investigated. Six empirical equations are obtained to extract the prismatic type LiFePO4 model as a function of SOC. Based on comparing the measured and simulated data, a well accuracy of less than 50mV maximum error voltage with 1.7% operating time error referred to the measured data is achieved. The model can be easily modified to simulate different batteries and can be extended for wide ranges of different currents.展开更多
This mini-review highlights selectively the recent research progress in the composites of Li Fe PO4 and graphene. In particularly, the different fabrication protocols, and the electrochemical performance of the compos...This mini-review highlights selectively the recent research progress in the composites of Li Fe PO4 and graphene. In particularly, the different fabrication protocols, and the electrochemical performance of the composites are summarized in detail. The structural and morphology characters of graphene sheets that may affect the property of the composites are discussed briefly. The possible ongoing researches in area are speculated upon.展开更多
以磷酸铁锂电池为研究对象,综合考虑梯次利用比例、使用周期及电池容量等因素,设定不同梯次利用场景,采用生命周期评价方法量化退役动力电池在梯次利用及后续报废处置阶段的环境影响,并对不同梯次利用率情景下的碳减排量进行分析.结果表...以磷酸铁锂电池为研究对象,综合考虑梯次利用比例、使用周期及电池容量等因素,设定不同梯次利用场景,采用生命周期评价方法量化退役动力电池在梯次利用及后续报废处置阶段的环境影响,并对不同梯次利用率情景下的碳减排量进行分析.结果表明,与直接再生利用相比,储能、通信基站、低速电源三种梯次利用场景均表现为环境效益.其中,储能场景环境效益最大,其在气候变化、化石能源消耗、人体毒性-非致癌、陆地生态毒性指标等环境影响指标上均表现出相对优势.基于电池退役量和梯次利用去向,进一步计算出2023年全年磷酸铁锂电池梯次利用的碳减排量为1.05×10^(8) kg CO_(2)eq.当梯次利用率保持当前水平或以10%增长时,至2030年其全年碳减排量可达1.55×10^(9)kg CO_(2)eq.和5.98×10^(9)kg CO_(2)eq.,梯次利用具有良好的减污降碳环境表现.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFB2402001)the Postgraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Practice Project of Anhui Province(No.2022cxcysj013)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022T150615)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.WK5290000002)supported by Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(No.Y201768)。
文摘The safety valve is an important component to ensure the safe operation of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs).However,the effect of safety valve type on the thermal runaway(TR)and gas venting behavior of LIBs,as well as the TR hazard severity of LIBs,are not known.In this paper,the TR and gas venting behavior of three 100 A h lithium iron phosphate(LFP)batteries with different safety valves are investigated under overheating.Compared to previous studies,the main contribution of this work is in studying and evaluating the effect of gas venting behavior and TR hazard severity of LFP batteries with three safety valve types.Two significant results are obtained:(Ⅰ)the safety valve type dominates over gas venting pressure of battery during safety venting,the maximum gas venting pressure of LFP batteries with a round safety valve is 3320 Pa,which is one order of magnitude higher than other batteries with oval or cavity safety valve;(Ⅱ)the LFP battery with oval safety valve has the lowest TR hazard as shown by the TR hazard assessment model based on gray-fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.This study reveals the effect of safety valve type on TR and gas venting,providing a clear direction for the safety valve design.
基金Project(Z20160605230001)supported by Hunan Province Non-ferrous Fund Project,China。
文摘Applying spent lithium iron phosphate battery as raw material,valuable metals in spent lithium ion battery were effectively recovered through separation of active material,selective leaching,and stepwise chemical precipitation.Using stoichiometric Na2S2O8 as an oxidant and adding low-concentration H2SO4 as a leaching agent was proposed.This route was totally different from the conventional methods of dissolving all of the elements into solution by using excess mineral acid.When experiments were done under optimal conditions(Na2S2O8-to-Li molar ratio 0.45,0.30 mol/L H2SO4,60℃,1.5 h),leaching efficiencies of 97.53% for Li^+,1.39%for Fe^3+,and 2.58% for PO4^3−were recorded.FePO4 was then recovered by a precipitation method from the leachate while maintaining the pH at 2.0.The mother liquor was concentrated and maintained at a temperature of approximately 100℃,and then a saturated sodium carbonate solution was added to precipitate Li2CO3.The lithium recovery yield was close to 80%.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(Nos.2019YFC1907801,2019YFC1907803 and 2019YFC1907804)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan(Nos.2021JJ2020066 and 2020JJ4733)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51904340)the Central South University Innovation-Driven Research Program(No.2023CXQD009)。
文摘The recycling of cathode materials from spent lithium-ion battery has attracted extensive attention,but few research have focused on spent blended cathode materials.In reality,the blended materials of lithium iron phosphate and ternary are widely used in electric vehicles,so it is critical to design an effective recycling technique.In this study,an efficient method for recovering Li and Fe from the blended cathode materials of spent LiFePO_(4)and LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Mn_(1-x-y)O_(2)batteries is proposed.First,87%A1 was removed by alkali leaching.Then,91.65%Li,72.08%Ni,64.6%Co and 71.66%Mn were further separated by selective leaching with H_(2)SO_(4)and H_(2)O_(2).Li,Ni,Co and Mn in solution were recovered in the form of Li_(2)CO_(3)and hydroxide respectively.Subsequently,98.38%Fe was leached from the residue by two stage process,and it is recovered as FePO_(4)·2H_(2)O with a purity of 99.5%by precipitation.Fe and P were present in FePO_(4)·2H_(2)O in amounts of 28.34%and 15.98%,respectively.Additionally,the drift and control of various components were discussed,and cost-benefit analysis was used to assess the feasibility of potential application.
文摘With accurate battery modeling, circuit designers and automotive control algorithms developers can predict and optimize the battery performance. In this paper, an experimental verification of an accurate model for prismatic high current lithium-iron-phosphate battery is presented. An automotive TSLFP160AHA lithium-iron-phosphate battery bank is tested. The different capacity GBDLFMP60AH battery bank is used to validate the model extracted from the former battery. Effect of current, stacking and SOC upon the battery parameters performance is investigated. Six empirical equations are obtained to extract the prismatic type LiFePO4 model as a function of SOC. Based on comparing the measured and simulated data, a well accuracy of less than 50mV maximum error voltage with 1.7% operating time error referred to the measured data is achieved. The model can be easily modified to simulate different batteries and can be extended for wide ranges of different currents.
基金the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (No. 12nm0503500)the National Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21376148, 11374205)
文摘This mini-review highlights selectively the recent research progress in the composites of Li Fe PO4 and graphene. In particularly, the different fabrication protocols, and the electrochemical performance of the composites are summarized in detail. The structural and morphology characters of graphene sheets that may affect the property of the composites are discussed briefly. The possible ongoing researches in area are speculated upon.
文摘以磷酸铁锂电池为研究对象,综合考虑梯次利用比例、使用周期及电池容量等因素,设定不同梯次利用场景,采用生命周期评价方法量化退役动力电池在梯次利用及后续报废处置阶段的环境影响,并对不同梯次利用率情景下的碳减排量进行分析.结果表明,与直接再生利用相比,储能、通信基站、低速电源三种梯次利用场景均表现为环境效益.其中,储能场景环境效益最大,其在气候变化、化石能源消耗、人体毒性-非致癌、陆地生态毒性指标等环境影响指标上均表现出相对优势.基于电池退役量和梯次利用去向,进一步计算出2023年全年磷酸铁锂电池梯次利用的碳减排量为1.05×10^(8) kg CO_(2)eq.当梯次利用率保持当前水平或以10%增长时,至2030年其全年碳减排量可达1.55×10^(9)kg CO_(2)eq.和5.98×10^(9)kg CO_(2)eq.,梯次利用具有良好的减污降碳环境表现.
