AIM: To prepare a cancer vaccine (H(22)-DC) expressing high levels of costimulatory molecules based on fusions of hepatocarcinoma cells (H(22)) with dendritic cells (DC) of mice and to analyze the biological character...AIM: To prepare a cancer vaccine (H(22)-DC) expressing high levels of costimulatory molecules based on fusions of hepatocarcinoma cells (H(22)) with dendritic cells (DC) of mice and to analyze the biological characteristics and induction of specific CTL activity of H(22)-DC. METHODS: DCs were isolated from murine spleen by metrizamide density gradient centrifugation, purified based on its characteristics of semi-adhesion to culture plates and FcR-,and were cultured in the medium containing GM-CSF and IL-4. A large number of DC were harvested. DCs were then fused with H(22) cells by PEG and the fusion cells were marked with CD11c MicroBeads. The H(22)-DC was sorted with Mimi MACS sorter. The techniques of cell culture, immunocytochemistry and light microscopy were also used to test the characteristics of growth and morphology of H(22)-DC in vitro. As the immunogen, H(22)-DC was inoculated subcutaneously into the right armpit of BALB/C mice, and their tumorigenicity in vivo was observed. MTT was used to test the CTL activity of murine spleen in vivo. RESULTS: DC cells isolated and generated were CD11c+ cells with irregular shape, and highly expressed CD80, CD86 and CD54 molecules. H22 cells were CD11c- cells with spherical shape and bigger volume, and did not express CD80, CD86 and CD54 molecules.H(22)-DC was CD11c+ cells with bigger volume, being spherical, flat or irregular in shape, and highly expressed CD80, CD86 and CD54 molecules, too. H(22)-DC was able to divide and proliferate in vitro, but its activity of proliferation was significantly decreased as compared with H(22) cells and its growth curve was flatter than H(22) cells. After subcutaneous inoculation over 60 days, H(22)-DC showed no tumorigenecity in mice, which was significantly different from control groups (P【0.01). The spleen CTL activity against H(22) cells in mice implanted with fresh H(22)-DC was significantly higher than control groups (P 【 0.01). CONCLUSION: H(22)-DC could significantly stimulate the specific CTL activity of murine spleen, which suggests that the fusion cells have already obtained the function of antigen presenting of parental DC and could present H(22)specific antigen which has not been identified yet, and H(22)-DC could induce antitumor immune response; although simply mixed H(22) cells with DC could stimulate the specific CTL activity which could inhibit the growth of tumor in some degree, it could not prevent the generation of tumor. It shows that the DC vaccine is likely to become a helpful approach in immunotherapy of hepatocarcinoma.展开更多
目的:采用含有固定的肝细胞癌(HCC)细胞、粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)和白介素-2(IL-2)的生物可降解缓释微球和Titer Max Gold的肿瘤疫苗进行皮内接种,观察肿瘤疫苗防治肝癌的效果。方法:C57BL/6J小鼠尾部皮内注射Hepa1-6肿瘤...目的:采用含有固定的肝细胞癌(HCC)细胞、粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)和白介素-2(IL-2)的生物可降解缓释微球和Titer Max Gold的肿瘤疫苗进行皮内接种,观察肿瘤疫苗防治肝癌的效果。方法:C57BL/6J小鼠尾部皮内注射Hepa1-6肿瘤免疫激活剂两次,第2次免疫注射后7d,观察肿瘤疫苗预防和治疗肝癌的效果。采用4h铕-释放法测定CTL细胞毒性。结果:对照组15只小鼠全部发展成肝肿瘤;含有固定Hepa1-6细胞、IL-2/GM-CSF微球和免疫辅助剂Titer Max Gold的肿瘤疫苗,87%小鼠获得保护。将Hepa1-6细胞接种于左躯干皮下。肿瘤长至直径5mm时,皮内接种肿瘤疫苗2次。结果显示,对照组肿瘤继续生长。疫苗组在第2次接种后7-10d,肿瘤生长受到抑制,随后明显缩小。60%小鼠的肿瘤完全消失。细胞毒性实验结果显示,未接种疫苗的小鼠脾细胞不能杀灭Hepa1-6细胞和其它肿瘤细胞;而接种疫苗的小鼠脾细胞对Hepa1-6细胞杀瘤活性达41%,但对B16-F1、Lewis肺癌细胞(LLC)、肾癌细胞(Renca)、膀胱癌细胞(MBT-2)则无效。疫苗组的小鼠脾细胞的杀瘤活性可被抗-CD3+、抗-CD8+、抗-MHC-Ⅰ单克隆抗体所阻断。结论:这种细胞因子缓释微球的肿瘤疫苗具有很强的抗肿瘤的效果。其抗瘤机制是诱导内源性MHC-I限制的CD8+CTL。展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possibility of using melanoma antigen-1 (MAGE-1) peptide as a tumor vaccine to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: The expressions of MAGE-1 in 8 HCC cell lines and in liver ca...OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possibility of using melanoma antigen-1 (MAGE-1) peptide as a tumor vaccine to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: The expressions of MAGE-1 in 8 HCC cell lines and in liver cancer tissue from a patient were detected using RT-PCR. The type of human leucocyte antigen I(HLA I) of both 8 HCC cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the patient was detected using a microcytotoxicity method to screen out target cell lines for the cytotoxicity assay. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the HCC patient pulsed with an MAGE-1 peptide (NYKCRFPEI) were used as antigen presenting cells. Autogenous peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with antigen presenting cells every 7 days for 4 times to elicit cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The phenotype of effector cells was analyzed using flow cytometry. The cytotoxicity of effector cells was detected with a lactate dehydrogenase releasing assay. RESULTS: The expressions of both MAGE-1 and HLA-A24 were detected in BEL7405 cell line which were used as the positive target cell line in the cytotoxicity assay. The expression of MAGE-1 alone was detected in HLE, BEL7402, BEL7404, QGY7703 and SMMC7721 cell lines, and the expression of neither MAGE-1 nor HLA-A24 was shown in QGY 7701 and HpG2 cell lines. The last 7 cell lines could be used as negative target cell lines in the cytotoxicity assay. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells expanded 32 folds during 28-day culture. The ratio of CD3(+) T cells increased by 16% (from 54% to 70%), and the ratio of CD8(+) T cells increased by 20% (from 36% to 56%) during 28-day culture. When the ratio of effector cells to target cells was 10:1, effector cells exhibited 62.5% cytotoxicity against autogenous lymphoblasts pulsed with the peptide (NYKCRFPEI) of MAGE-1 antigen, 40.25% cytotoxicity against BEL7405 cells, compared with 17.88% cytolysis observed against autogenous lymphoblasts, 19.55% against HLE cells, and 1.6% against QGY7701 cells. When the ratio of effector cells to target cells was 3.3:1, the cytotoxicity of effector cells against the peptide pulsed autogenous lymphoblasts was 53.6%, which was much higher against autogenous lymphoblasts, HLE cells and QGY7701 cells at 15.6%, 13% and 1%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that cytotoxic T lymphocytes with the ability to specifically lyse target cells expressing both MAGE-1 and HLA-A24 could be successfully induced by the MAGE-1 peptide NYKCRFPEI in vitro. This indicates that a good result might be anticipated if this peptide is used as a tumor vaccine to treat HLA-A24 HCC patients.展开更多
基金Supported jby the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province China,No.980180
文摘AIM: To prepare a cancer vaccine (H(22)-DC) expressing high levels of costimulatory molecules based on fusions of hepatocarcinoma cells (H(22)) with dendritic cells (DC) of mice and to analyze the biological characteristics and induction of specific CTL activity of H(22)-DC. METHODS: DCs were isolated from murine spleen by metrizamide density gradient centrifugation, purified based on its characteristics of semi-adhesion to culture plates and FcR-,and were cultured in the medium containing GM-CSF and IL-4. A large number of DC were harvested. DCs were then fused with H(22) cells by PEG and the fusion cells were marked with CD11c MicroBeads. The H(22)-DC was sorted with Mimi MACS sorter. The techniques of cell culture, immunocytochemistry and light microscopy were also used to test the characteristics of growth and morphology of H(22)-DC in vitro. As the immunogen, H(22)-DC was inoculated subcutaneously into the right armpit of BALB/C mice, and their tumorigenicity in vivo was observed. MTT was used to test the CTL activity of murine spleen in vivo. RESULTS: DC cells isolated and generated were CD11c+ cells with irregular shape, and highly expressed CD80, CD86 and CD54 molecules. H22 cells were CD11c- cells with spherical shape and bigger volume, and did not express CD80, CD86 and CD54 molecules.H(22)-DC was CD11c+ cells with bigger volume, being spherical, flat or irregular in shape, and highly expressed CD80, CD86 and CD54 molecules, too. H(22)-DC was able to divide and proliferate in vitro, but its activity of proliferation was significantly decreased as compared with H(22) cells and its growth curve was flatter than H(22) cells. After subcutaneous inoculation over 60 days, H(22)-DC showed no tumorigenecity in mice, which was significantly different from control groups (P【0.01). The spleen CTL activity against H(22) cells in mice implanted with fresh H(22)-DC was significantly higher than control groups (P 【 0.01). CONCLUSION: H(22)-DC could significantly stimulate the specific CTL activity of murine spleen, which suggests that the fusion cells have already obtained the function of antigen presenting of parental DC and could present H(22)specific antigen which has not been identified yet, and H(22)-DC could induce antitumor immune response; although simply mixed H(22) cells with DC could stimulate the specific CTL activity which could inhibit the growth of tumor in some degree, it could not prevent the generation of tumor. It shows that the DC vaccine is likely to become a helpful approach in immunotherapy of hepatocarcinoma.
文摘目的:研究负载肝癌抗原的肝癌树突状细胞(dendritic cell,DC)瘤苗诱导的抗肿瘤作用。方法:于体外用rhGM-CSF和rhIL-4从肝癌患者外周血诱导DC,并用肝癌细胞抗原冲击致敏,制成负载肝癌抗原的肝癌DC瘤苗。肝癌DC瘤苗活化自体T淋巴细胞分化为细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(cytotoxic of T-lymphocytes,CTL),采用流式细胞术检测CTL分型;乳酸脱氢酸(LDH)4 h释放法检测CTL对肝癌细胞的特异性杀伤作用。MTT法检测肝癌DC瘤苗及其活化CTL培养上清对肿瘤细胞的抑制作用;ELISA法检测肝癌DC瘤苗活化的CTL培养上清中IL-12、IFN-γ和TNF-α水平。结果:经肝癌DC瘤苗活化后的T淋巴细胞群中,CD56+细胞数量显著减少,CD4+T和CD8+T细胞数量增加,其中以CD8+T细胞增加较明显;细胞毒实验显示,该CTL对自体肝癌细胞具有较强的杀伤作用,而对与致敏DC的肝癌抗原无关的CT26结肠腺癌细胞无明显杀伤作用;单纯肝癌DC瘤苗或其激活的CTL培养上清也表现出较强的抑瘤作用,而且这种抑瘤作用具有广谱性,可抑制多种肿瘤细胞的生长;在CTL培养上清中可检测到IL-12、TNF-α和IFN-γ的含量。结论:肝癌DC瘤苗不仅诱导了对肝癌细胞的特异性CTL杀伤作用,而且可激活CD4+T和CD8+T细胞分泌IL-12、TNF-α和IFN-γ等细胞因子,以非杀伤方式直接或间接地抑制肿瘤细胞生长,发挥非特异性的抗肿瘤作用。
文摘目的:采用含有固定的肝细胞癌(HCC)细胞、粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(GM-CSF)和白介素-2(IL-2)的生物可降解缓释微球和Titer Max Gold的肿瘤疫苗进行皮内接种,观察肿瘤疫苗防治肝癌的效果。方法:C57BL/6J小鼠尾部皮内注射Hepa1-6肿瘤免疫激活剂两次,第2次免疫注射后7d,观察肿瘤疫苗预防和治疗肝癌的效果。采用4h铕-释放法测定CTL细胞毒性。结果:对照组15只小鼠全部发展成肝肿瘤;含有固定Hepa1-6细胞、IL-2/GM-CSF微球和免疫辅助剂Titer Max Gold的肿瘤疫苗,87%小鼠获得保护。将Hepa1-6细胞接种于左躯干皮下。肿瘤长至直径5mm时,皮内接种肿瘤疫苗2次。结果显示,对照组肿瘤继续生长。疫苗组在第2次接种后7-10d,肿瘤生长受到抑制,随后明显缩小。60%小鼠的肿瘤完全消失。细胞毒性实验结果显示,未接种疫苗的小鼠脾细胞不能杀灭Hepa1-6细胞和其它肿瘤细胞;而接种疫苗的小鼠脾细胞对Hepa1-6细胞杀瘤活性达41%,但对B16-F1、Lewis肺癌细胞(LLC)、肾癌细胞(Renca)、膀胱癌细胞(MBT-2)则无效。疫苗组的小鼠脾细胞的杀瘤活性可被抗-CD3+、抗-CD8+、抗-MHC-Ⅰ单克隆抗体所阻断。结论:这种细胞因子缓释微球的肿瘤疫苗具有很强的抗肿瘤的效果。其抗瘤机制是诱导内源性MHC-I限制的CD8+CTL。
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possibility of using melanoma antigen-1 (MAGE-1) peptide as a tumor vaccine to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: The expressions of MAGE-1 in 8 HCC cell lines and in liver cancer tissue from a patient were detected using RT-PCR. The type of human leucocyte antigen I(HLA I) of both 8 HCC cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the patient was detected using a microcytotoxicity method to screen out target cell lines for the cytotoxicity assay. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from the HCC patient pulsed with an MAGE-1 peptide (NYKCRFPEI) were used as antigen presenting cells. Autogenous peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with antigen presenting cells every 7 days for 4 times to elicit cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The phenotype of effector cells was analyzed using flow cytometry. The cytotoxicity of effector cells was detected with a lactate dehydrogenase releasing assay. RESULTS: The expressions of both MAGE-1 and HLA-A24 were detected in BEL7405 cell line which were used as the positive target cell line in the cytotoxicity assay. The expression of MAGE-1 alone was detected in HLE, BEL7402, BEL7404, QGY7703 and SMMC7721 cell lines, and the expression of neither MAGE-1 nor HLA-A24 was shown in QGY 7701 and HpG2 cell lines. The last 7 cell lines could be used as negative target cell lines in the cytotoxicity assay. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells expanded 32 folds during 28-day culture. The ratio of CD3(+) T cells increased by 16% (from 54% to 70%), and the ratio of CD8(+) T cells increased by 20% (from 36% to 56%) during 28-day culture. When the ratio of effector cells to target cells was 10:1, effector cells exhibited 62.5% cytotoxicity against autogenous lymphoblasts pulsed with the peptide (NYKCRFPEI) of MAGE-1 antigen, 40.25% cytotoxicity against BEL7405 cells, compared with 17.88% cytolysis observed against autogenous lymphoblasts, 19.55% against HLE cells, and 1.6% against QGY7701 cells. When the ratio of effector cells to target cells was 3.3:1, the cytotoxicity of effector cells against the peptide pulsed autogenous lymphoblasts was 53.6%, which was much higher against autogenous lymphoblasts, HLE cells and QGY7701 cells at 15.6%, 13% and 1%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The results demonstrate that cytotoxic T lymphocytes with the ability to specifically lyse target cells expressing both MAGE-1 and HLA-A24 could be successfully induced by the MAGE-1 peptide NYKCRFPEI in vitro. This indicates that a good result might be anticipated if this peptide is used as a tumor vaccine to treat HLA-A24 HCC patients.
