Intractable functional constipation is a type of constipation which is difficult to cure,which is usually characterized by persistent constipation,dependence on laxative and/or ineffective treatment of laxative.In rec...Intractable functional constipation is a type of constipation which is difficult to cure,which is usually characterized by persistent constipation,dependence on laxative and/or ineffective treatment of laxative.In recent years,with the change of diet structure,accelerated pace of life and the influence of socio-psychological factors,the incidence rate has increased year by year,seriously affecting the quality of life of patients.Professor Yao Shukun has remarkable clinical effect and experience in the treatment of intractable functional constipation.Professor Yao believes that,combined with the changes of people's diet structure,life style and physique,the main TCM syndrome type of clinical stubborn functional constipation is dampness-heat and blood stasis,and the main treatment should be clearing heat and resolving dampness,regulating qi and removing blood stasis;and we should pay attention to the application of the idea of"Simultaneous Treatment of Medicine and Food"in the process of diagnosis and treatment,and educate patients to change their diet structure in order to fundamentally dispel the etiology.展开更多
Dear Editor,Combined vascular occlusions involving retinal arteries and veins have been reported in the past. Combined occlusion of the central retinal vein （CRVO） and artery （CRAO）is well described;. Cilioretinal...Dear Editor,Combined vascular occlusions involving retinal arteries and veins have been reported in the past. Combined occlusion of the central retinal vein （CRVO） and artery （CRAO）is well described;. Cilioretinal artery occlusion along with CRVO is frequently reported and is well characterized;.展开更多
Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification （SND） effect and phosphor removal were investigated in a one-staged aerobic submerged membrane bioreactor on pilot-scale with mixed liquor suspended solids （MLSS） 19-...Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification （SND） effect and phosphor removal were investigated in a one-staged aerobic submerged membrane bioreactor on pilot-scale with mixed liquor suspended solids （MLSS） 19--20 g/L. The effects of DO concentration, sludge floc size distribution on SND were studied. Test results suggested that SND was successfully performed in the membrane bioreactor （MBR） and about 70% total nitrogen removal efficiency was achieved when DO concentration was set to 0.2-- 0.3 mg/L. The main mechanisms governing SND were the suitable sludge floc size and the low DO concentration which was caused by low oxygen transfer rate with such a high MLSS concentration in the MBR. In the meantime, phosphor removal was also studied with polymer ferric sulfate （PFS） addition and 14 mg/L dosage of PFS was proper for the MBR to remove phosphor. PFS addition also benefited the MBR operation owing to its reduction of extracellular polymer substances （EPS） of mixed liquor.展开更多
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a common cancer and a leading cause of tumor-related death.Patients with large HCC(≥8 cm)are at an advanced stage and have poor prognosis,and hepatic resection may not be su...BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a common cancer and a leading cause of tumor-related death.Patients with large HCC(≥8 cm)are at an advanced stage and have poor prognosis,and hepatic resection may not be suitable,and the incidence of postoperative recurrence is high.AIM To evaluate recurrence and mid-term survival of patients with large HCC treated by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)and radiofrequency ablation(RFA).METHODS This was a retrospective study.From 2010 to 2013,46 consecutive patients with large HCC were treated with simultaneous TACE and RFA.Thirty-five of 46 patients had a single tumor.Progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)were analyzed at 2 years and 3 years,respectively.RESULTS Forty-six patients treated by simultaneous TACE and RFA had no significant complications and treatment was successful.After 3 years,median PFS and OS were 10.21±1.58 mo and 26.44±2.26 mo,retrospectively.The survival rate was 67.5%after 2 years and 55.67%after 3 years.CONCLUSION These preliminary data show that simultaneous TACE and RFA are safe and effective for large HCC.展开更多
The sustainable recovery and utilization of sludge bioenergy within a circular economy context has drawn increasing attention,but there is currently a shortage of reliable technology.This study presents an innovative ...The sustainable recovery and utilization of sludge bioenergy within a circular economy context has drawn increasing attention,but there is currently a shortage of reliable technology.This study presents an innovative biotechnology based on free nitrous acid(FNA)to realize sustainable organics recovery from waste activated sludge(WAS)in-situ,driving efficient nitrogen removal from ammonia rich mature landfill leachate by integrating partial nitrification,fermentation,and denitrification process(PN/DN-F/DN).First,ammonia((1708.5±142.9)mg·L^(-1))in mature landfill leachate is oxidized to nitrite in the aerobic stage of a partial nitrification coupling denitrification(PN/DN)sequencing batch reactor(SBR),with nitrite accumulation ratio of 95.4%±2.5%.Then,intermediate effluent(NO_(2)^(-)-N=(1196.9±184.2)mg·L^(-1))of the PN/DN-SBR,along with concentrated WAS(volatile solids(VSs)=(15119.8±2484.2)mg·L^(-1)),is fed into an anoxic reactor for fermentation coupling denitrification process(F/DN).FNA,the protonated form of nitrite,degrades organics in the WAS to the soluble fraction by the biocidal effect,and the released organics are utilized by denitrifiers to drive NOx-reduction.An ultra-fast sludge reduction rate of 4.89 kg·m^(-3)·d^(-1) and nitrogen removal rate of 0.46 kg·m^(-3)·d^(-1) were realized in the process.Finally,F/DN-SBR effluent containing organics is refluxed to PN/DN-SBR for secondary denitrification in the post anoxic stage.After 175 d operation,an average of 19350.6 mg chemical oxygen demand organics were recovered per operational cycle,with 95.2%nitrogen removal and 53.4%sludge reduction.PN/DN-F/DN is of great significance for promoting a paradigm transformation from energy consumption to energy neutral,specifically,the total benefit in equivalent terms of energy was 291.8 kW·h·t^(-1) total solid.展开更多
基金Evaluation and promotion of appropriate technology for the prevention and treatment of common frequently occurring diseases at grassroots level(No.2014BA108B00)。
文摘Intractable functional constipation is a type of constipation which is difficult to cure,which is usually characterized by persistent constipation,dependence on laxative and/or ineffective treatment of laxative.In recent years,with the change of diet structure,accelerated pace of life and the influence of socio-psychological factors,the incidence rate has increased year by year,seriously affecting the quality of life of patients.Professor Yao Shukun has remarkable clinical effect and experience in the treatment of intractable functional constipation.Professor Yao believes that,combined with the changes of people's diet structure,life style and physique,the main TCM syndrome type of clinical stubborn functional constipation is dampness-heat and blood stasis,and the main treatment should be clearing heat and resolving dampness,regulating qi and removing blood stasis;and we should pay attention to the application of the idea of"Simultaneous Treatment of Medicine and Food"in the process of diagnosis and treatment,and educate patients to change their diet structure in order to fundamentally dispel the etiology.
文摘Dear Editor,Combined vascular occlusions involving retinal arteries and veins have been reported in the past. Combined occlusion of the central retinal vein （CRVO） and artery （CRAO）is well described;. Cilioretinal artery occlusion along with CRVO is frequently reported and is well characterized;.
基金The Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2002AA601220)
文摘Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification （SND） effect and phosphor removal were investigated in a one-staged aerobic submerged membrane bioreactor on pilot-scale with mixed liquor suspended solids （MLSS） 19--20 g/L. The effects of DO concentration, sludge floc size distribution on SND were studied. Test results suggested that SND was successfully performed in the membrane bioreactor （MBR） and about 70% total nitrogen removal efficiency was achieved when DO concentration was set to 0.2-- 0.3 mg/L. The main mechanisms governing SND were the suitable sludge floc size and the low DO concentration which was caused by low oxygen transfer rate with such a high MLSS concentration in the MBR. In the meantime, phosphor removal was also studied with polymer ferric sulfate （PFS） addition and 14 mg/L dosage of PFS was proper for the MBR to remove phosphor. PFS addition also benefited the MBR operation owing to its reduction of extracellular polymer substances （EPS） of mixed liquor.
文摘BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is a common cancer and a leading cause of tumor-related death.Patients with large HCC(≥8 cm)are at an advanced stage and have poor prognosis,and hepatic resection may not be suitable,and the incidence of postoperative recurrence is high.AIM To evaluate recurrence and mid-term survival of patients with large HCC treated by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)and radiofrequency ablation(RFA).METHODS This was a retrospective study.From 2010 to 2013,46 consecutive patients with large HCC were treated with simultaneous TACE and RFA.Thirty-five of 46 patients had a single tumor.Progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)were analyzed at 2 years and 3 years,respectively.RESULTS Forty-six patients treated by simultaneous TACE and RFA had no significant complications and treatment was successful.After 3 years,median PFS and OS were 10.21±1.58 mo and 26.44±2.26 mo,retrospectively.The survival rate was 67.5%after 2 years and 55.67%after 3 years.CONCLUSION These preliminary data show that simultaneous TACE and RFA are safe and effective for large HCC.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (8222040)Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (52131004)+4 种基金Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China association for science and technology (CAST,YESS20220508)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by Beijing Association for Science and Technology (BAST,BYESS2023183)Innovation and Entrepreneurship Leading Team Project in Guangzhou (CYLJTD-201607)Key Research and Developmental Program of Shandong Province (2020CXGC011404)Cultivating Fund of Faculty of Environment and Life,Beijing University of Technology (PY202302).
文摘The sustainable recovery and utilization of sludge bioenergy within a circular economy context has drawn increasing attention,but there is currently a shortage of reliable technology.This study presents an innovative biotechnology based on free nitrous acid(FNA)to realize sustainable organics recovery from waste activated sludge(WAS)in-situ,driving efficient nitrogen removal from ammonia rich mature landfill leachate by integrating partial nitrification,fermentation,and denitrification process(PN/DN-F/DN).First,ammonia((1708.5±142.9)mg·L^(-1))in mature landfill leachate is oxidized to nitrite in the aerobic stage of a partial nitrification coupling denitrification(PN/DN)sequencing batch reactor(SBR),with nitrite accumulation ratio of 95.4%±2.5%.Then,intermediate effluent(NO_(2)^(-)-N=(1196.9±184.2)mg·L^(-1))of the PN/DN-SBR,along with concentrated WAS(volatile solids(VSs)=(15119.8±2484.2)mg·L^(-1)),is fed into an anoxic reactor for fermentation coupling denitrification process(F/DN).FNA,the protonated form of nitrite,degrades organics in the WAS to the soluble fraction by the biocidal effect,and the released organics are utilized by denitrifiers to drive NOx-reduction.An ultra-fast sludge reduction rate of 4.89 kg·m^(-3)·d^(-1) and nitrogen removal rate of 0.46 kg·m^(-3)·d^(-1) were realized in the process.Finally,F/DN-SBR effluent containing organics is refluxed to PN/DN-SBR for secondary denitrification in the post anoxic stage.After 175 d operation,an average of 19350.6 mg chemical oxygen demand organics were recovered per operational cycle,with 95.2%nitrogen removal and 53.4%sludge reduction.PN/DN-F/DN is of great significance for promoting a paradigm transformation from energy consumption to energy neutral,specifically,the total benefit in equivalent terms of energy was 291.8 kW·h·t^(-1) total solid.
