基于local-area的Internet路由级拓扑抽象算法

通过分析Internet的本地聚集特性，给出了local-area和connect—area的定义，并基于此，为提高并行网络模拟性能，提出一种新型拓扑抽象算法——基于local—area的拓扑抽象（TABLA）算法。TABLA算法在给定的聚合粒度下，迭代搜索网络内的local-area，对拓扑进行抽象。模拟结果表明在Internet路由级拓扑上采用该算法，拓扑规模大约压缩为原先的45％，初始化内存节省约60％，模拟运行时间约缩短80％，大幅度提高了并行网络模拟性能。

基于IRF-PF算法的WLAN室内定位方法

针对室内复杂环境下无线局域网接收信号强度的时变波动性,提出一种基于改进随机森林算法并融合粒子滤波的室内定位方法。首先,通过自适应滑动窗口选取接收信号强度较为平滑的信号接入点作为定位指纹特征建立决策树,从而减少特征空间的噪声;然后,利用bagging抽样后的袋外数据赋予决策树不同的投票权重等级,增大决策树类别间判别差异性,优化随机森林算法在目标位置与接收信号强度间弱映射关联性场景下定位精度低的问题,依据改进的随机森林算法建立位置坐标与接收信号强度间的映射模型,计算定位点的位置;最后,为了提高定位准确性与稳定性,将依据改进随机森林算法计算出的位置作为粒子滤波的观测量,利用粒子滤波对目标位置进行估计和预测。在Zenodo数据集上的实验结果表明:提出的算法在定位误差2 m范围内精度达到75.8%,在4 m范围内精度已经高达94.8%;相比于传统随机森林算法,能够将2 m内的定位精度提高11.5%;与K近邻、岭回归和贝叶斯等室内定位算法相比,定位精度和算法实时性也得到明显提升。

Application of Wireless Local Area Network Technology in Mobile Robot for Finned Tube Inspection

This paper introduces a novel robot for outer surface inspection of boiler tubes. The paper describes the hardware system, wireless communication strategy, communication procedure and system software of the robot. The WLAN technology is used in the robot. It solves the problem of shielding generated by iron boiler and 11Mbps bandwidth made it possible for video and control stream real-time transmit within the same channel. Though TCP/IP protocol is robust, serial server is a transparent channel but cannot detect error and retransmit the data. In order to improve the reliability of serial communication, a new communication protocol is proposed. Key words boiler tubes - mobile robotics - wireless local area network Project Supported by the National High-Tech Program (Grant No. 2002AA420080)

Localized Coverage Connectivity Based on Shape and Area Using Mobile Sensor Robots in Wireless Sensor Networks

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is spatially distributing independent sensors to monitor physical and environmental characteristics such as temperature, sound, pressure and also provides different applications such as battlefield inspection and biological detection. The Constrained Motion and Sensor (CMS) Model represents the features and explain k-step reach ability testing to describe the states. The description and calculation based on CMS model does not solve the problem in mobile robots. The ADD framework based on monitoring radio measurements creates a threshold. But the methods are not effective in dynamic coverage of complex environment. In this paper, a Localized Coverage based on Shape and Area Detection (LCSAD) Framework is developed to increase the dynamic coverage using mobile robots. To facilitate the measurement in mobile robots, two algorithms are designed to identify the coverage area, (i.e.,) the area of a coverage hole or not. The two algorithms are Localized Geometric Voronoi Hexagon (LGVH) and Acquaintance Area Hexagon (AAH). LGVH senses all the shapes and it is simple to show all the boundary area nodes. AAH based algorithm simply takes directional information by locating the area of local and global convex points of coverage area. Both these algorithms are applied to WSN of random topologies. The simulation result shows that the proposed LCSAD framework attains minimal energy utilization, lesser waiting time, and also achieves higher scalability, throughput, delivery rate and 8% maximal coverage connectivity in sensor network compared to state-of-art works.

Wi-Fi 7核心技术及其应用前景分析

协议命名为802.11be的Wi-Fi 7是IEEE 802.11系列的最新版本,因其引入多链路、4096QAM调制及多AP协作等创新技术,Wi-Fi 7拥有更快的速度、更低的延迟、更大的容量和更好的能效,可很好满足下一代无线局域网对极高吞吐量和极低时延业务的应用需求。同时,由于Wi-Fi 7增加了6 GHz频段和新的带宽模式,拥有丰富的无线信道资源,从而大大减少了设备间干扰,提高了网络的稳定性和可靠性,扩展了其在未来的应用场景。首先对Wi-Fi 7的核心技术进行研究,其次结合其技术特点对其未来可能的发展应用进行探讨。

江南水网乡村地方性景观生态系统自然-文化服务耦合协调研究——以长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区为例

生态系统自然-文化服务耦合协调发展对乡村人居环境优化与乡民福祉提升具有重要意义,地方性客观人居环境要素与主观感知反馈共同影响生态系统服务价值的发挥。文章以位于江南水网地区的长三角生态绿色一体化发展示范区乡村为例,通过InVEST与MaxENT模型进行多元数据融合的生态系统服务量化评估与空间映射,利用耦合协调度模型分析自然与文化服务间的协调互动关系和空间分异特征,并结合地理探测器探讨乡村人居环境建设对生态系统服务耦合协调度的驱动机制。结果表明:1)示范区乡村景观自然服务均值为0.505,文化服务均值为0.379,生态系统服务综合指数均值为0.431,整体服务供给偏低;2)示范区乡村景观生态系统服务耦合协调度均值为0.411,处于失调到耦合协调发展类型的过渡阶段,且村域空间分异明显;3)乡村人工建成环境、地方性景观格局风貌与乡村治理水平是生态系统服务耦合协调度的主要驱动因素。根据研究结果,从评价算法与实践指导层面,提出江南水网乡村地方性景观生态系统自然-文化服务耦合协调优化路径。

A Semi-Supervised WLAN Indoor Localization Method Based on l1-Graph Algorithm

For indoor location estimation based on received signal strength( RSS) in wireless local area networks( WLAN),in order to reduce the influence of noise on the positioning accuracy,a large number of RSS should be collected in offline phase. Therefore,collecting training data with positioning information is time consuming which becomes the bottleneck of WLAN indoor localization. In this paper,the traditional semisupervised learning method based on k-NN and ε-NN graph for reducing collection workload of offline phase are analyzed,and the result shows that the k-NN or ε-NN graph are sensitive to data noise,which limit the performance of semi-supervised learning WLAN indoor localization system. Aiming at the above problem,it proposes a l1-graph-algorithm-based semi-supervised learning( LG-SSL) indoor localization method in which the graph is built by l1-norm algorithm. In our system,it firstly labels the unlabeled data using LG-SSL and labeled data to build the Radio Map in offline training phase,and then uses LG-SSL to estimate user's location in online phase. Extensive experimental results show that,benefit from the robustness to noise and sparsity ofl1-graph,LG-SSL exhibits superior performance by effectively reducing the collection workload in offline phase and improving localization accuracy in online phase.

Synchronization in Wireless Networks for Practical MIMO-OFDM Systems

In this paper a frequency offset estimation technique for Wireless Local Area and Wireless Metropolitan Ar- ea Networks is presented. For frequency offset estimation, we have applied a low-complexity frequency offset estimator for simple AWGN channels to fading channels for MIMO-OFDM systems. Simulation results have shown that the performance of the proposed estimator is better than the low complexity frequency offset estimator designed for AWGN channels.

基于RT-Thread和ESP-NOW的无线传感器网络系统设计

为提高无线传感器网络汇聚节点的稳定性,缓解云平台数据处理压力,引入ESP-NOW无线通信协议,设计一种基于RT-Thread的无线传感器网络。该系统由传感器感知节点、汇聚节点和物联网云平台组成,实现了对传感器数据采集、处理、显示、存储、上传等,避免了数据在云端处理导致阻塞的问题发生。结果表明:引入ESP-NOW协议使系统在数据传输过程中具备更高的稳定性,基于RT-Thread系统相对于裸机运行,数据协调能力及响应时间明显提升。系统具有稳定可靠、组网简单、实时性强等优点。

Resource Exhaustion Attack Detection Scheme for WLAN Using Artificial Neural Network

IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi networks are prone to many denial of service(DoS)attacks due to vulnerabilities at the media access control(MAC)layer of the 802.11 protocol.Due to the data transmission nature of the wireless local area network(WLAN)through radio waves,its communication is exposed to the possibility of being attacked by illegitimate users.Moreover,the security design of the wireless structure is vulnerable to versatile attacks.For example,the attacker can imitate genuine features,rendering classificationbased methods inaccurate in differentiating between real and false messages.Althoughmany security standards have been proposed over the last decades to overcome many wireless network attacks,effectively detecting such attacks is crucial in today’s real-world applications.This paper presents a novel resource exhaustion attack detection scheme(READS)to detect resource exhaustion attacks effectively.The proposed scheme can differentiate between the genuine and fake management frames in the early stages of the attack such that access points can effectively mitigate the consequences of the attack.The scheme is built through learning from clustered samples using artificial neural networks to identify the genuine and rogue resource exhaustion management frames effectively and efficiently in theWLAN.The proposed scheme consists of four modules whichmake it capable to alleviates the attack impact more effectively than the related work.The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed technique by gaining an 89.11%improvement compared to the existing works in terms of detection.

基于模型-数据联合驱动的电网扰动定位方法

快速准确的电力系统扰动定位是实施及时有效的控制措施的重要前提。广域同步相量量测为快速准确的扰动定位提供了数据基础,同时刻画扰动传播的连续体动力学模型为扰动定位提供模型支撑。结合同步相量测量单元(phasor measurement unit,PMU)量测数据和扰动传播模型,该文提出一种基于模型–数据联合驱动的电网扰动定位方法。首先通过对PMU量测数据进行奇异谱分析和计算累计平方和指标来实现扰动检测。进而在部分PMU确定的子拓扑内,分别通过量测数据和传播模型提取二维时空特征。最后根据扰动传播过程中时空特征之间的相关性,提出基于度量学习的双通道三元孪生网络的扰动定位方法,仅利用部分PMU量测信息即可快速定位扰动位置,为后续抑制扰动的主动控制策略的投切奠定基础。基于IEEE 10机39节点系统,验证所提方法的有效性和鲁棒性。

农机具田间试验动态遥测系统设计

针对当前农机具田间试验参数检测技术薄弱、无法全面综合评估农机关键部件作业性能的情况,设计了农机具田间试验的遥测系统。在当前农机具三点悬挂连接方式利用上拉杆拉压力传感器、下悬挂销剪切力传感器、角传感器、动态扭矩传感器等实现机具作业过程中的多分量力有效检测。系统检测终端采用STM32F429单片机为主核心芯片,设计了多通道传感器数据融合同步采集处理电路、以太网处理电路及外部输出电路等,可实时对前端传感器数据进行采集、处理及存储,并采用RTK差分定位系统准确检测机组的作业速度及位置,通过大功率WiFi模块经局域网络将作业参数实时传输给田间远程监测平台。用户可通过上位机软件实现对作业参数进行计算存储、曲线绘制、时域分析、统计设置等。测试结果表明:系统结构简单,检测精度高,能够实现机具作业同步受力分析及技术参数测量,可作为田间试验的有效检测手段。

基于LTE-M与WLAN混合组网的通信系统可靠性研究

近年来,城市轨道交通建设加速增长,对城市轨道交通车地通信系统的可靠运行提出了更高的要求。随着第四代移动网络(4th Generation mobile networks,4G)具体化的长期演进(Long Term Evolution,LTE)系统已经广泛地进行了部署,而且技术也逐渐趋于成熟,地铁长期演进(Long Term Evolution for Metro,LTE-M)车地通信系统具有较强的抗干扰能力、支持快速移动状态下的列车通信、资源调度灵活等优点,突破融合不同通信制式的关键技术,研制出信号通信设备样机,并根据列车控制系统的业务需求对新的通信制式进行测试,保障城铁列车的安全稳定运行。

基于自发数据传输的高效双LAN太赫兹无线局域网MAC协议

针对现有的双局域网(LAN)太赫兹无线局域网(Dual-LAN THz WLAN)相关介质访问控制(MAC)协议中存在的某些节点会在多个超帧内重复发送相同的信道时隙请求帧以申请时隙资源以及网络运行的一些时段存在空闲时隙等问题,提出一种基于自发数据传输的高效MAC协议——SDTE-MAC(high-Efficiency MAC protocol based on Spontaneous Data Transmission)。SDTE-MAC通过让各节点都维护一张或多张时间单元链表,使各节点与其余节点在网络运行时间上达到同步,从而获悉各节点应该在信道空闲时隙的什么位置开始发送数据帧,优化了传统的信道时隙分配和信道剩余时隙再分配的流程,提高了网络吞吐量和信道时隙利用率,降低了数据时延,能够进一步提升双LAN太赫兹无线局域网的性能。仿真结果表明,网络饱和时,相较于AHT-MAC(Adaptive High Throughout multi-pan MAC protocol)中的N-CTAP(Normal Channel Time Allocation Period)时段时隙资源分配新机制以及自适应缩短超帧时段机制,SDTE-MAC的MAC层吞吐量提升了9.2%,信道时隙利用率提升了10.9%,数据时延降低了22.2%。

模态分解下的无线局域网室内全覆盖通信方法

室内无线局域网的覆盖率是影响用户网络通信效率的关键因素。若室内面积越大以及墙体过厚,且终端使用环境密封会导致通过折射等途径传输通信信号非常微弱,严重影响无线局域网的通信覆盖范围。为此,提出模态分解下的无线局域网室内全覆盖通信方法。通过划分局域网模态单元和确定室内信号振幅阈值,构建模态振幅阈值模型,消除无线局域网室内信号滤波噪声。从终端无线访问节点(AccessPoint,AP)的信号容量和天线传播损耗两方面分析影响无线局域网通信覆盖范围的原因。基于此,利用非朗伯发射器扩充无线局域网终端AP的信号容量,实现无线局域网的室内全覆盖通信。实验结果表明,研究方法应用下无线局域网的室内通信的盲点面积小,覆盖效率更高,实验场景室内通信信息传输率约为6.8Mbit·s^(-1),说明上述方法的可应用性更强。

地方性与现代性:江南水网乡村景观空间特征与文脉传承

人居环境“地方性”侧重立足本土特质的空间表达,“现代性”倾向立足功能主义的空间表达,二者看似矛盾,实则相辅相成。基于“地方性”与“现代性”辩证统一的视角,评析1984–2023年国内有关江南水网乡村景观空间特征与文脉传承研究进展。基于筛选获得的498篇有效文献,首先运用文献计量分析识别出研究热点方向,包括景观空间形态认知、演变认知、价值认知、机制认知以及景观文脉传承的理论研究、实践探索共6个方面。在进一步分析文献内容的基础上,分别评述各个热点方向的研究内容进展,并针对研究局限提出5点研究展望,分别是构建景观空间形态认知框架、扩展景观空间演变研究内容、探索景观空间多元价值评价体系、重视景观空间机制“过程”研究,以及搭接文脉传承理论研究与实践探索之间的桥梁。以期能为江南水网乡村景观空间特征与文脉传承相关研究提供借鉴,为该地区乡村景观规划设计实践提供理论参考。

基于BEGAN的汽车CAN网络入侵检测数据增强方法研究

针对目前汽车CAN网络入侵检测算法因攻击样本缺少而导致数据不平衡问题,提出一种基于BEGAN的CAN入侵检测数据增强方法,引入one-hot编码将CAN报文特征图像化,结合构建的生成对抗网络,生成与真实攻击格式一致且内容差异的有效样本。通过采集实车数据作为真实样本进行训练,从特征图、t-SNE可视化、统计学分析和分类器验证角度验证了所生成的增强数据集的实用性,可提高入侵检测分类器准确率;与传统过采样算法含随机过采样(ROS)、合成少数过采样(SMOTE)、SMOTE-ENN、自适应合成过采样(ADASYN)相比,具有更高的准确率。

基于STM32的塔机数据采集和监控系统设计

针对塔机作业对运行状态参数和作业环境实时监测的需求,设计了一种基于STM32的塔机数据采集和监控系统。该系统采用STM32F103RCT6为核心的微处理器对塔机运行各项状态参数结合传感器进行数据采集和处理,传感器信号经带数字隔离的A/D转换模块和RS485转TTL模块传输到微处理器,微处理器通过串口转以太网模块将采集的传感器数据发送到由工业交换机和网络摄像机组建的局域网中。最后,采用Java语言结合Spring Boot框架开发系统上位机页面对传感器数据和视频监控画面进行显示。通过测试,该系统能够对塔机运行状态参数和塔机作业环境进行实时监测,传感器采集数据的平均相对误差为0.74%,摄像机监控画面平均延时20.4 ms,实现了数据高速准确的实时监测,满足了监测塔机的系统需求。

一种改进的WLAN-3G融合网络认证协议

本文在分析了现有3GPP WLAN-3G融合网络接入认证协议EAP-AKA的优势和不足的基础上,引入WAPI证书鉴别机制,提出WAPI-3G互联结构模型,并针对该互联模型设计了一种接入认证协议EAP-WAPI.本文提议的WLAN-3G互联结构模型及接入认证机制解决了融合组网环境下WLAN终端统一接入认证的问题.分析和仿真结果表明,相比于原有的WAPI认证协议WAPI-XG1,本文所提议的协议具有较高的安全性和执行效率.