<strong>Background:</strong> In most centers worldwide, thyroidectomy is performed under general anaesthesia as a result of advances in anaesthetic technique, consideration for patients’ safety and surge...<strong>Background:</strong> In most centers worldwide, thyroidectomy is performed under general anaesthesia as a result of advances in anaesthetic technique, consideration for patients’ safety and surgeons’ convenience. However, in some developing countries such as Nigeria, facilities and expertise for general anaesthesia are not equitably distributed. As such, they are not available in some health centers especially in the rural communities. Hence, the need to explore other suitable alternatives such as operating under local anaesthesia. <strong>Aim:</strong> This study aims to highlight the feasibility and safety of thyroidectomy under local anaesthesia at a surgical outreach in a rural community in Nigeria. <strong>Patients and Methods:</strong> The study site was conducted at Bethany Medical Centre, Gboko, Benue State, Nigeria. It was a one-week surgical outreach. Neck infiltration with local anaesthesia was carried out using 2% xylocaine with adrenaline 1:200,000 and a standard open technique was used to carry out all thyroidectomies. <strong>Results:</strong> Out of seventy (70) patients that presented during the study period, 31 (44.3%) met the inclusion criteria and were operated within the seven (7) days period. There were 3 (10.7%) males and 28 (89.3%) females. There ages ranged between 22 to 65 years, average was 43 years. The average duration of surgery was 90 minutes, and 3 days’ hospital stay. Those followed up two weeks post-operation recuperated well with no notable complications. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Thyroidectomy under local anaesthesia is safe and feasible in our rural communities and in selected cases can be a suitable alternative to general anaesthesia.展开更多
Background: Unlike developed countries where adult primary cleft lip and palate cases are barely nonexistent, developing countries still have a backlog of adults with unrepaired cleft lip and palate. Method: A retrosp...Background: Unlike developed countries where adult primary cleft lip and palate cases are barely nonexistent, developing countries still have a backlog of adults with unrepaired cleft lip and palate. Method: A retrospective review of adult/adolescent cleft lip repair under local anesthesia was performed between 2012 and 2015. Results: Fifty six (56) adolescent and adults were seen comprising 35 females and 21 males. Forty two patients presented with unrepaired unilateral cleft lip of which only 6 were complete;4 were unrepaired bilateral cleft lip and 10 were revisions. The lowest age was 13 years (two patients) and the highest age was 66 years (one patient). The mean weight was 54 kg. The mean anaesthetic time including waiting time was 12.94 minutes and mean operation time was 56.52 minutes. Majority of the patients were discharged same day except for five who needed to stay overnight because of distance from their home. There were no reported early postoperative complications and wound healing was uneventful for all the patients. Conclusion: Cleft lip repair in adults under local anesthesia is safe, effective and less expensive. A modification in technique with minimal dissection and efficiency is essential in such cases.展开更多
Purpose: To compare the complication rates arising from surgical removal of lower third molars (L3M) under general anaesthesia (GA) versus local anaesthesia (LA) in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) Department...Purpose: To compare the complication rates arising from surgical removal of lower third molars (L3M) under general anaesthesia (GA) versus local anaesthesia (LA) in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) Department, Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail (HSNI), Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective clinical audit of patients who underwent L3M removal under LA or GA from 1/1/2013 to 31/3/2018, with recorded complications such as surgical site infection (SSI), wound breakdown, severe pain, trismus, retained tooth structure, nerve injury and dry socket evaluated at different time intervals. Results: A total of 313 patients with 375 L3M were included in this study (male: 160, 51.1%;female: 153, 48.9%) with an age range of 18 to 40 years (mean = 27.43 years). 79 L3M were removed under GA (34.2% were classified as mild;65.8% were moderate), whereas 296 L3M were removed under LA, (31.4% were mild impaction, 63.9% moderate and 4.7% severe. Preoperative antibiotics were given before all L3M removal under GA, while only 23 out of 296 L3M removal under LA had antibiotics. 15.2% of L3M removal under GA and 16.6% of those done under LA were associated with complications. Generally, patient with GA had lesser complications;however only SSI outcome was significant (p = 0.034). Conclusion: L3M removal under LA may have a higher risk of SSI when compared to GA. This raises the possibility that a single prophylactic antibiotic dose may prevent SSI in LA procedures.展开更多
AIM:To provide a specifi c review and meta-analysis of the available evidence for continuous wound infusion of local anaesthetic agents following midline laparoto-my for major colorectal surgery. METHODS: Medline, Emb...AIM:To provide a specifi c review and meta-analysis of the available evidence for continuous wound infusion of local anaesthetic agents following midline laparoto-my for major colorectal surgery. METHODS: Medline, Embase, trial registries, conference proceedings and article reference lists were searched to identify randomised, controlled trials of continuous wound infusion of local anaesthetic agents following colorectal surgery. The primary outcomes were opioid consumption, pain visual analogue scores (VASs), return to bowel function and length of hospital stay. Weighted mean difference were calculated for continuous outcomes. RESULTS: Five trials containing 542 laparotomy wounds were eligible for inclusion. There was a sig- nificant decrease in post-operative pain VAS at rest on day 3 (weighted mean difference: -0.43; 95% CI: -0.81 to -0.04; P = 0.03) but not on post-operative day 1 and 2. Local anaesthetic infusion was associated with a signifi cant reduction in pain VAS on movement on all three post-operative days (day 1 weighted mean difference: -1.14; 95% CI: -2.24 to -0.041; P = 0.04, day 2 weighted mean difference: -0.97, 95% CI: -1.91to -0.029; P = 0.04, day 3 weighted mean difference: -0.61; 95% CI: 1.01 to -0.20; P = 0.0038). Local an- aesthetic wound infusion was associated with a signifi - cant decrease in total opioid consumption (weighted mean difference: -40.13; 95% CI: -76.74 to -3.53; P = 0.03). There was no signifi cant decrease in length of stay (weighted mean difference: -20.87; 95% CI: -46.96 to 5.21; P = 0.12) or return of bowel function (weighted mean difference: -9.40; 95% CI: -33.98 to 15.17; P = 0.45). CONCLUSION: The results of this systematic re- view and meta-analysis suggest that local anaesthetic wound infusion following laparotomy for major color- ectal surgery is a promising technique but do not pro- vide conclusive evidence of benefi t. Further research is required including cost-effectiveness analysis.展开更多
目的观察罗哌卡因复合亚甲蓝局部麻醉微创治疗老年股骨转子间骨折围术期的镇痛效果。方法将ASA分级≤4级的62例老年股骨转子间骨折患者按随机方法分为两组,A组(31例)采用罗哌卡因复合亚甲蓝进行局部麻醉,B组(31例)采用罗哌卡因局部麻醉...目的观察罗哌卡因复合亚甲蓝局部麻醉微创治疗老年股骨转子间骨折围术期的镇痛效果。方法将ASA分级≤4级的62例老年股骨转子间骨折患者按随机方法分为两组,A组(31例)采用罗哌卡因复合亚甲蓝进行局部麻醉,B组(31例)采用罗哌卡因局部麻醉。两组患者均进行股骨近端防旋髓内钉-Ⅱ(PFNA-Ⅱ)内固定术,采用VAS评分对患者术前、术中以及术后1、2、3、7 d进行疼痛情况评估,并观察围术期并发症。结果两组术前、术中VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后1、2、3、7 d VAS评分A组低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组术后3例发生谵妄,治疗后缓解。两组均无切口并发症发生,全部安全出院。结论罗哌卡因复合亚甲蓝局部麻醉是老年股骨转子间骨折患者微创手术时的一种比较安全的麻醉选择。展开更多
目的研究罗哌卡因与氟比洛芬酯两种药物在局麻膝关节镜围手术期的镇痛效果。方法将72例膝关节镜局麻手术患者随机分为安慰剂(P)组:脂肪乳+0.9%氯化钠注射液;氟比洛芬酯(F)组:氟比洛芬酯+0.9%氯化钠注射液;罗哌卡因(R)组:罗哌卡因+脂肪乳...目的研究罗哌卡因与氟比洛芬酯两种药物在局麻膝关节镜围手术期的镇痛效果。方法将72例膝关节镜局麻手术患者随机分为安慰剂(P)组:脂肪乳+0.9%氯化钠注射液;氟比洛芬酯(F)组:氟比洛芬酯+0.9%氯化钠注射液;罗哌卡因(R)组:罗哌卡因+脂肪乳;联合应用(C)组:氟比洛芬酯+罗哌卡因。比较4组术中和术后1、2、4、8、12、24h的疼痛视觉模拟评分(Visual Analog Scale,VAS)、不良反应发生率、补充性曲马多用量及时间、患者满意度以评价各组的临床效果。结果术后2、4h静息和运动时罗哌卡因、氟比洛芬酯均有效且两种药物具有协同作用,术后8h静息和运动时只有氟比洛芬酯有效。术后1、12、24h时各组VAS评分无统计学差异。F组与P组行射频消融术时VAS评分差异有统计学意义(P=0.015)。结论氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛在局麻膝关节镜围手术期具有良好的镇痛效果,联合应用罗哌卡因在术后早期具有协同作用。展开更多
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> In most centers worldwide, thyroidectomy is performed under general anaesthesia as a result of advances in anaesthetic technique, consideration for patients’ safety and surgeons’ convenience. However, in some developing countries such as Nigeria, facilities and expertise for general anaesthesia are not equitably distributed. As such, they are not available in some health centers especially in the rural communities. Hence, the need to explore other suitable alternatives such as operating under local anaesthesia. <strong>Aim:</strong> This study aims to highlight the feasibility and safety of thyroidectomy under local anaesthesia at a surgical outreach in a rural community in Nigeria. <strong>Patients and Methods:</strong> The study site was conducted at Bethany Medical Centre, Gboko, Benue State, Nigeria. It was a one-week surgical outreach. Neck infiltration with local anaesthesia was carried out using 2% xylocaine with adrenaline 1:200,000 and a standard open technique was used to carry out all thyroidectomies. <strong>Results:</strong> Out of seventy (70) patients that presented during the study period, 31 (44.3%) met the inclusion criteria and were operated within the seven (7) days period. There were 3 (10.7%) males and 28 (89.3%) females. There ages ranged between 22 to 65 years, average was 43 years. The average duration of surgery was 90 minutes, and 3 days’ hospital stay. Those followed up two weeks post-operation recuperated well with no notable complications. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Thyroidectomy under local anaesthesia is safe and feasible in our rural communities and in selected cases can be a suitable alternative to general anaesthesia.
文摘Background: Unlike developed countries where adult primary cleft lip and palate cases are barely nonexistent, developing countries still have a backlog of adults with unrepaired cleft lip and palate. Method: A retrospective review of adult/adolescent cleft lip repair under local anesthesia was performed between 2012 and 2015. Results: Fifty six (56) adolescent and adults were seen comprising 35 females and 21 males. Forty two patients presented with unrepaired unilateral cleft lip of which only 6 were complete;4 were unrepaired bilateral cleft lip and 10 were revisions. The lowest age was 13 years (two patients) and the highest age was 66 years (one patient). The mean weight was 54 kg. The mean anaesthetic time including waiting time was 12.94 minutes and mean operation time was 56.52 minutes. Majority of the patients were discharged same day except for five who needed to stay overnight because of distance from their home. There were no reported early postoperative complications and wound healing was uneventful for all the patients. Conclusion: Cleft lip repair in adults under local anesthesia is safe, effective and less expensive. A modification in technique with minimal dissection and efficiency is essential in such cases.
文摘Purpose: To compare the complication rates arising from surgical removal of lower third molars (L3M) under general anaesthesia (GA) versus local anaesthesia (LA) in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS) Department, Hospital Sultanah Nora Ismail (HSNI), Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. Materials and methods: This is a retrospective clinical audit of patients who underwent L3M removal under LA or GA from 1/1/2013 to 31/3/2018, with recorded complications such as surgical site infection (SSI), wound breakdown, severe pain, trismus, retained tooth structure, nerve injury and dry socket evaluated at different time intervals. Results: A total of 313 patients with 375 L3M were included in this study (male: 160, 51.1%;female: 153, 48.9%) with an age range of 18 to 40 years (mean = 27.43 years). 79 L3M were removed under GA (34.2% were classified as mild;65.8% were moderate), whereas 296 L3M were removed under LA, (31.4% were mild impaction, 63.9% moderate and 4.7% severe. Preoperative antibiotics were given before all L3M removal under GA, while only 23 out of 296 L3M removal under LA had antibiotics. 15.2% of L3M removal under GA and 16.6% of those done under LA were associated with complications. Generally, patient with GA had lesser complications;however only SSI outcome was significant (p = 0.034). Conclusion: L3M removal under LA may have a higher risk of SSI when compared to GA. This raises the possibility that a single prophylactic antibiotic dose may prevent SSI in LA procedures.
文摘AIM:To provide a specifi c review and meta-analysis of the available evidence for continuous wound infusion of local anaesthetic agents following midline laparoto-my for major colorectal surgery. METHODS: Medline, Embase, trial registries, conference proceedings and article reference lists were searched to identify randomised, controlled trials of continuous wound infusion of local anaesthetic agents following colorectal surgery. The primary outcomes were opioid consumption, pain visual analogue scores (VASs), return to bowel function and length of hospital stay. Weighted mean difference were calculated for continuous outcomes. RESULTS: Five trials containing 542 laparotomy wounds were eligible for inclusion. There was a sig- nificant decrease in post-operative pain VAS at rest on day 3 (weighted mean difference: -0.43; 95% CI: -0.81 to -0.04; P = 0.03) but not on post-operative day 1 and 2. Local anaesthetic infusion was associated with a signifi cant reduction in pain VAS on movement on all three post-operative days (day 1 weighted mean difference: -1.14; 95% CI: -2.24 to -0.041; P = 0.04, day 2 weighted mean difference: -0.97, 95% CI: -1.91to -0.029; P = 0.04, day 3 weighted mean difference: -0.61; 95% CI: 1.01 to -0.20; P = 0.0038). Local an- aesthetic wound infusion was associated with a signifi - cant decrease in total opioid consumption (weighted mean difference: -40.13; 95% CI: -76.74 to -3.53; P = 0.03). There was no signifi cant decrease in length of stay (weighted mean difference: -20.87; 95% CI: -46.96 to 5.21; P = 0.12) or return of bowel function (weighted mean difference: -9.40; 95% CI: -33.98 to 15.17; P = 0.45). CONCLUSION: The results of this systematic re- view and meta-analysis suggest that local anaesthetic wound infusion following laparotomy for major color- ectal surgery is a promising technique but do not pro- vide conclusive evidence of benefi t. Further research is required including cost-effectiveness analysis.
文摘目的观察罗哌卡因复合亚甲蓝局部麻醉微创治疗老年股骨转子间骨折围术期的镇痛效果。方法将ASA分级≤4级的62例老年股骨转子间骨折患者按随机方法分为两组,A组(31例)采用罗哌卡因复合亚甲蓝进行局部麻醉,B组(31例)采用罗哌卡因局部麻醉。两组患者均进行股骨近端防旋髓内钉-Ⅱ(PFNA-Ⅱ)内固定术,采用VAS评分对患者术前、术中以及术后1、2、3、7 d进行疼痛情况评估,并观察围术期并发症。结果两组术前、术中VAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后1、2、3、7 d VAS评分A组低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组术后3例发生谵妄,治疗后缓解。两组均无切口并发症发生,全部安全出院。结论罗哌卡因复合亚甲蓝局部麻醉是老年股骨转子间骨折患者微创手术时的一种比较安全的麻醉选择。
文摘目的研究罗哌卡因与氟比洛芬酯两种药物在局麻膝关节镜围手术期的镇痛效果。方法将72例膝关节镜局麻手术患者随机分为安慰剂(P)组:脂肪乳+0.9%氯化钠注射液;氟比洛芬酯(F)组:氟比洛芬酯+0.9%氯化钠注射液;罗哌卡因(R)组:罗哌卡因+脂肪乳;联合应用(C)组:氟比洛芬酯+罗哌卡因。比较4组术中和术后1、2、4、8、12、24h的疼痛视觉模拟评分(Visual Analog Scale,VAS)、不良反应发生率、补充性曲马多用量及时间、患者满意度以评价各组的临床效果。结果术后2、4h静息和运动时罗哌卡因、氟比洛芬酯均有效且两种药物具有协同作用,术后8h静息和运动时只有氟比洛芬酯有效。术后1、12、24h时各组VAS评分无统计学差异。F组与P组行射频消融术时VAS评分差异有统计学意义(P=0.015)。结论氟比洛芬酯超前镇痛在局麻膝关节镜围手术期具有良好的镇痛效果,联合应用罗哌卡因在术后早期具有协同作用。
