Relational graph location network for multi-view image localization

In multi-view image localization task,the features of the images captured from different views should be fused properly.This paper considers the classification-based image localization problem.We propose the relational graph location network(RGLN)to perform this task.In this network,we propose a heterogeneous graph construction approach for graph classification tasks,which aims to describe the location in a more appropriate way,thereby improving the expression ability of the location representation module.Experiments show that the expression ability of the proposed graph construction approach outperforms the compared methods by a large margin.In addition,the proposed localization method outperforms the compared localization methods by around 1.7%in terms of meter-level accuracy.

Convolutional Neural Networks Based Indoor Wi-Fi Localization with a Novel Kind of CSI Images

Indoor Wi-Fi localization of mobile devices plays a more and more important role along with the rapid growth of location-based services and Wi-Fi mobile devices.In this paper,a new method of constructing the channel state information(CSI)image is proposed to improve the localization accuracy.Compared with previous methods of constructing the CSI image,the new kind of CSI image proposed is able to contain more channel information such as the angle of arrival(AoA),the time of arrival(TOA)and the amplitude.We construct three gray images by using phase differences of different antennas and amplitudes of different subcarriers of one antenna,and then merge them to form one RGB image.The localization method has off-line stage and on-line stage.In the off-line stage,the composed three-channel RGB images at training locations are used to train a convolutional neural network(CNN)which has been proved to be efficient in image recognition.In the on-line stage,images at test locations are fed to the well-trained CNN model and the localization result is the weighted mean value with highest output values.The performance of the proposed method is verified with extensive experiments in the representative indoor environment.

A LOCAL DYNAMIC CLUSTER SELF-ORGANIZATION ALGORITHM IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS FOR RAINFALL MONITORING

Wireless Sensor Networks for Rainfall Monitoring (RM-WSNs) is a sensor network for the large-scale regional and moving rainfall monitoring,which could be controlled deployment. Delivery delay and cross-cluster calculation leads to information inaccuracy by the existing dynamic collabo-rative self-organization algorithm in WSNs. In this letter,a Local Dynamic Cluster Self-organization algorithm (LDCS) is proposed for the large-scale regional and moving target monitoring in RM-WSNs. The algorithm utilizes the resource-rich node in WSNs as the cluster head,which processes target information obtained by sensor nodes in cluster. The cluster head shifts with the target moving in chance and re-groups a new cluster. The target information acquisition is limited in the dynamic cluster,which can reduce information across-clusters transfer delay and improve the real-time of information acquisition. The simulation results show that,LDCS can not only relieve the problem of "too frequent leader switches" in IDSQ,also make full use of the history monitoring information of target and con-tinuous monitoring of sensor nodes that failed in DCS.

Localized Coverage Connectivity Based on Shape and Area Using Mobile Sensor Robots in Wireless Sensor Networks

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is spatially distributing independent sensors to monitor physical and environmental characteristics such as temperature, sound, pressure and also provides different applications such as battlefield inspection and biological detection. The Constrained Motion and Sensor (CMS) Model represents the features and explain k-step reach ability testing to describe the states. The description and calculation based on CMS model does not solve the problem in mobile robots. The ADD framework based on monitoring radio measurements creates a threshold. But the methods are not effective in dynamic coverage of complex environment. In this paper, a Localized Coverage based on Shape and Area Detection (LCSAD) Framework is developed to increase the dynamic coverage using mobile robots. To facilitate the measurement in mobile robots, two algorithms are designed to identify the coverage area, (i.e.,) the area of a coverage hole or not. The two algorithms are Localized Geometric Voronoi Hexagon (LGVH) and Acquaintance Area Hexagon (AAH). LGVH senses all the shapes and it is simple to show all the boundary area nodes. AAH based algorithm simply takes directional information by locating the area of local and global convex points of coverage area. Both these algorithms are applied to WSN of random topologies. The simulation result shows that the proposed LCSAD framework attains minimal energy utilization, lesser waiting time, and also achieves higher scalability, throughput, delivery rate and 8% maximal coverage connectivity in sensor network compared to state-of-art works.

Medical image translation using an edge-guided generative adversarial network with global-to-local feature fusion

In this paper,we propose a framework based deep learning for medical image translation using paired and unpaired training data.Initially,a deep neural network with an encoder-decoder structure is proposed for image-to-image translation using paired training data.A multi-scale context aggregation approach is then used to extract various features from different levels of encoding,which are used during the corresponding network decoding stage.At this point,we further propose an edge-guided generative adversarial network for image-to-image translation based on unpaired training data.An edge constraint loss function is used to improve network performance in tissue boundaries.To analyze framework performance,we conducted five different medical image translation tasks.The assessment demonstrates that the proposed deep learning framework brings significant improvement beyond state-of-the-arts.

A realistic model for complex networks with local interaction, self-organization and order

In this paper, a new mechanism for the emergence of scale-free distribution is proposed. It is more realistic than the existing mechanism. Based on our mechanism, a model responsible for the scale-free distribution with an exponent in a range of 3-to-5 is given. Moreover, this model could also reproduce the exponential distribution that is discovered in some real networks. Finally, the analytical result of the model is given and the simulation shows the validity of our result,

Development of an automatic monitoring system for rice light-trap pests based on machine vision

Monitring pest populations in paddy fields is important to effectively implement integrated pest management.Light traps are widely used to monitor field pests all over the world.Most conventional light traps still involve manual identification of target pests from lots of trapped insects,which is time-consuming,labor-intensive and error-prone,especially in pest peak periods.In this paper,we developed an automatic monitoring system for rice light-trap pests based on machine vision.This system is composed of an itelligent light trap,a computer or mobile phone client platform and a cloud server.The light trap firstly traps,kills and disperses insects,then collects images of trapped insects and sends each image to the cloud server.Five target pests in images are automatically identifed and counted by pest identification models loaded in the server.To avoid light-trap insects piling up,a vibration plate and a moving rotation conveyor belt are adopted to disperse these trapped insects.There was a close correlation(r=0.92)between our automatic and manual identification methods based on the daily pest number of one-year images from one light trap.Field experiments demonstrated the effectiveness and accuracy of our automatic light trap monitoring system.

Resting-state network complexity and magnitude changes in neonates with severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging has revealed disrupted brain network connectivity in adults and teenagers with cerebral palsy. However, the specific brain networks implicated in neonatal cases remain poorly understood. In this study, we recruited 14 termborn infants with mild hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and 14 term-born infants with severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy from Changzhou Children's Hospital, China. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data showed efficient small-world organization in whole-brain networks in both the mild and severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy groups. However, compared with the mild hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy group, the severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy group exhibited decreased local efficiency and a low clustering coefficient. The distribution of hub regions in the functional networks had fewer nodes in the severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy group compared with the mild hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy group. Moreover, nodal efficiency was reduced in the left rolandic operculum, left supramarginal gyrus, bilateral superior temporal gyrus, and right middle temporal gyrus. These results suggest that the topological structure of the resting state functional network in children with severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy is clearly distinct from that in children with mild hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, and may be associated with impaired language, motion, and cognition. These data indicate that it may be possible to make early predictions regarding brain development in children with severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, enabling early interventions targeting brain function. This study was approved by the Regional Ethics Review Boards of the Changzhou Children's Hospital(approval No. 2013-001) on January 31, 2013. Informed consent was obtained from the family members of the children. The trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(registration number: ChiCTR1800016409) and the protocol version is 1.0.

Brain networks modeling for studying the mechanism underlying the development of Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease is a primary age-related neurodegenerative disorder that can result in impaired cognitive and memory functions.Although connections between changes in brain networks of Alzheimer’s disease patients have been established,the mechanisms that drive these alterations remain incompletely understood.This study,which was conducted in 2018 at Northeastern University in China,included data from 97 participants of the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative(ADNI)dataset covering genetics,imaging,and clinical data.All participants were divided into two groups:normal control(n=52;20 males and 32 females;mean age 73.90±4.72 years)and Alzheimer’s disease(n=45,23 males and 22 females;mean age 74.85±5.66).To uncover the wiring mechanisms that shaped changes in the topology of human brain networks of Alzheimer’s disease patients,we proposed a local naive Bayes brain network model based on graph theory.Our results showed that the proposed model provided an excellent fit to observe networks in all properties examined,including clustering coefficient,modularity,characteristic path length,network efficiency,betweenness,and degree distribution compared with empirical methods.This proposed model simulated the wiring changes in human brain networks between controls and Alzheimer’s disease patients.Our results demonstrate its utility in understanding relationships between brain tissue structure and cognitive or behavioral functions.The ADNI was performed in accordance with the Good Clinical Practice guidelines,US 21 CFR Part 50-Protection of Human Subjects,and Part 56-Institutional Review Boards(IRBs)/Research Good Clinical Practice guidelines Institutional Review Boards(IRBs)/Research Ethics Boards(REBs).

Burstiness-Aware Congestion Control Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

In monitoring Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs),the traffic usually has bursty characteristics when an event occurs.Transient congestion would increase delay and packet loss rate severely,which greatly reduces network performance.To solve this problem,we propose a Burstiness-aware Congestion Control Protocol(BCCP) for wireless sensor networks.In BCCP,the backoff delay is adopted as a congestion indication.Normally,sensor nodes work on contention-based MAC protocol(such as CSMA/CA).However,when congestion occurs,localized TDMA instead of CSMA/CA is embedded into the nodes around the congestion area.Thus,the congestion nodes only deliver their data during their assigned slots to alleviate the contention-caused congestion.Finally,we implement BCCP in our sensor network testbed.The experiment results show that BCCP could detect area congestion in time,and improve the network performance significantly in terms of delay and packet loss rate.

No-reference image quality assessment based on AdaBoost_BP neural network in wavelet domain

Considering the relatively poor robustness of quality scores for different types of distortion and the lack of mechanism for determining distortion types, a no-reference image quality assessment(NR-IQA) method based on the Ada Boost BP neural network in the wavelet domain(WABNN) is proposed. A 36-dimensional image feature vector is constructed by extracting natural scene statistics(NSS) features and local information entropy features of the distorted image wavelet sub-band coefficients in three scales. The ABNN classifier is obtained by learning the relationship between image features and distortion types. The ABNN scorer is obtained by learning the relationship between image features and image quality scores. A series of contrast experiments are carried out in the laboratory of image and video engineering(LIVE) database and TID2013 database. Experimental results show the high accuracy of the distinguishing distortion type, the high consistency with subjective scores and the high robustness of the method for distorted images. Experiment results also show the independence of the database and the relatively high operation efficiency of this method.

Improve Fractal Compression Encoding Speed Using Feature Extraction and Self-organization Network

Image compression consists of two main parts: encoding and decoding. One of the important problems of the fractal theory is the long encoding implementation time, which hindered the acceptance of fractal image compression as a practical method. The long encoding time results from the need to perform a large number of domain-range matches, the total encoding time is the product of the number of matches and the time to perform each match. In order to improve encoding speed, a hybrid method combining features extraction and self-organization network has been provided, which is based on the feature extraction approach the comparison pixels by pixels between the feature of range blocks and domains blocks. The efficiency of the new method was been proved by examples.

Generalization ability of a CNNγ-ray localization model for radiation imaging

Inγ-ray imaging,localization of theγ-ray interaction in the scintillator is critical.Convolutional neural network(CNN)techniques are highly promising for improvingγ-ray localization.Our study evaluated the generalization capabilities of a CNN localization model with respect to theγ-ray energy and thickness of the crystal.The model maintained a high positional linearity(PL)and spatial resolution for ray energies between 59 and 1460 keV.The PL at the incident surface of the detector was 0.99,and the resolution of the central incident point source ranged between 0.52 and 1.19 mm.In modified uniform redundant array(MURA)imaging systems using a thick crystal,the CNNγ-ray localization model significantly improved the useful field-of-view(UFOV)from 60.32 to 93.44%compared to the classical centroid localization methods.Additionally,the signal-to-noise ratio of the reconstructed images increased from 0.95 to 5.63.

Classification of Gastric Lesions Using Gabor Block Local Binary Patterns

The identification of cancer tissues in Gastroenterology imaging poses novel challenges to the computer vision community in designing generic decision support systems.This generic nature demands the image descriptors to be invariant to illumination gradients,scaling,homogeneous illumination,and rotation.In this article,we devise a novel feature extraction methodology,which explores the effectiveness of Gabor filters coupled with Block Local Binary Patterns in designing such descriptors.We effectively exploit the illumination invariance properties of Block Local Binary Patterns and the inherent capability of convolutional neural networks to construct novel rotation,scale and illumination invariant features.The invariance characteristics of the proposed Gabor Block Local Binary Patterns(GBLBP)are demonstrated using a publicly available texture dataset.We use the proposed feature extraction methodology to extract texture features from Chromoendoscopy(CH)images for the classification of cancer lesions.The proposed feature set is later used in conjuncture with convolutional neural networks to classify the CH images.The proposed convolutional neural network is a shallow network comprising of fewer parameters in contrast to other state-of-the-art networks exhibiting millions of parameters required for effective training.The obtained results reveal that the proposed GBLBP performs favorably to several other state-of-the-art methods including both hand crafted and convolutional neural networks-based features.

LEGAN:一种新的暗弱光照图像增强算法

针对暗弱光照图像所存在的亮度、对比度、信噪比低,以及噪声污染大等问题,提出了一种新的暗弱光照图像增强算法LEGAN。该算法将图像输入至所提伽马曲线估计网络求得包含伽马参数的特征图,再经过LEB模块增强亮度,并通过级联LEB的方式迭代增强结果。采用基于PatchGAN的全局-局部判别器结构来提高图像分辨率和恢复图像细节。通过引入感知损失来限制真实标签和输出结果之间的差距,利用照明平滑度损失保持相邻像素之间的单调性关系,同时结合空间一致性损失来增强图像的空间相关性。实验结果表明,相比于现今大多数主流增强算法,该算法的细节还原度相对较高,且能有效避免增强后的图像出现局部亮度不佳等问题。

基于多频特征和纹理增强的轻量化图像超分辨率重建

现有基于卷积神经网络主要关注图像重构的精度,忽略了过度参数化、特征提取不充分以及计算资源浪费等问题。针对上述问题,提出了一种轻量级多频率特征提取网络(MFEN),设计了轻量化晶格信息交互结构,利用通道分割和多模式卷积组合减少参数量;通过分离图像的低频、中频以及高频率信息后进行特征异构提取,提高网络的表达能力和特征区分性,使其更注重纹理细节特征的复原,并合理分配计算资源。此外,在网络内部融合局部二值模式(LBP)算法用于增强网络对纹理感知的敏感度,旨在进一步提高网络对细节的提取能力。经验证,该方法在复杂度和性能之间取得了良好的权衡,即实现轻量有效提取图像特征的同时重建出高分辨率图像。在Set5数据集上的2倍放大实验结果最终表明,相比较于基于卷积神经网络的图像超分辨率经典算法(SRCNN)和较新算法(MADNet),所提方法的峰值信噪比(PSNR)分别提升了1.31 dB和0.12 dB,参数量相比MADNet减少了55%。

基于偶极子成像和3D卷积神经网络的源域运动想象解码方法

目的为充分保留和利用运动想象(motor imagery,MI)时偶极子的时空信息,本文提出一种新的偶极子成像(dipoles imaging,DI)结合3维卷积神经网络(3D convolutional neural network,3DCNN)的源域MI解码方法(DI-3DCNN)。方法首先,基于脑源成像(electroencephalography source imaging,ESI)技术计算运动想象脑电信号的偶极子源估计;接着,获取每类MI任务的平均偶极子源估计,基于数据驱动自动选择每类任务中偶极子激活水平较高且最大区分于其他任务的时刻作为中心采样点,再对中心采样点进行前后延伸并按任务顺序组合,形成感兴趣时间(time of interest,TOI);其次,选择覆盖高激活偶极子的Desikan-Killiany(DK)神经分区,并对局部保持投影方法(local preserving projection,LPP)增加DK分区约束,获得一种改进的有监督LPP(LPP DK);进而,基于LPP DK分别将所选择左、右半脑分区内的偶极子坐标从3维(three dimensional,3D)降成2维,获得具有神经生理先验信息的偶极子2D坐标,再结合TOI内各采样点处偶极子的幅值信息进行成像,并进行插值、下采样操作,得到偶极子的2D幅值图;随后,将TOI内偶极子的2D幅值图按时间顺序堆叠,获得左、右半脑的3D偶极子特征图,并将其作为网络的输入数据;最后,根据输入数据的特点,设计一种双分支3D卷积神经网络(dual-branched 3DCNN,DB3DCNN)实现MI解码。结果基于BCI competition IV 2a数据集进行实验研究,取得了86.50%的平均解码准确率。结论基于DI所得3D偶极子特征图能够较好地保留偶极子的最佳激活时间、程度及生理空间信息,且与DB3DCNN性能匹配。

基于生成对抗网络的电缆局部放电异常自动监测设计

电力设备运行过程中,电缆绝缘损伤、内部缺陷、外部环境等因素容易造成电缆局部放电异常,进而引发电力事故和断电故障。为了及时、有效地监测电缆局部放电异常,在生成对抗网络环境下完成电缆局部放电异常自动监测。根据电缆内部结构分析电缆局部放电原因,利用生成对抗网络重构插补缺失数据,获取完整电缆运行数据。建立随机矩阵,获取电缆运行数据的概率密度函数,提取特征向量,构建特征指标矩阵对特征向量实施奇异值分解,辨识电缆局部放电状态,实现电缆局部放电异常的自动监测。实验结果表明:所提方法在提取电缆局部放电信号脉冲时波形振动幅度小且波形完整;电缆局部放电位置定位与实际位置一致;电缆局部放电位置的相对误差低于1%。

基于非局部操作和多尺度特征聚合的图像修复方法

为有效解决修复大范围破损图像时存在的纹理模糊和整体语义信息不连贯的问题,提出基于非局部操作和多尺度特征聚合的两阶段图像修复算法,在第1阶段,边缘重建网络生成整体的边缘结构信息;在第2阶段,引入非局部操作机制进行纹理细节信息的修复。在CelebA-HQ数据集上采用不同掩码率的图像进行性能验证,结果显示所提模型的PSNR和SSIM分别达到了32.17 dB和0.982;与EdgeConnect、RFR、CTSDG和AOT-GAN模型进行比较,结果表明:该模型对大范围破损图像能够生成纹理更加清晰且语义合理的修复图像,PSNR、SSIM和FID指标均优于其他4种算法。

基于双层规划模型的“才”字形交叉口禁流向交通组织方法研究

为解决城市多路交叉口车流复杂导致的交通拥堵和交通安全问题,针对多路交叉口中的“才”字形交叉口,明确其特点,对交叉口部分交通流向禁行的必要性进行分析。基于双层规划构建交叉口禁流向交通组织模型,以局部路网中车均行驶时间最小为目标,判别交叉口各流向车流是否禁行,并确定禁流向后交通组织方案,减少交叉口内车流及冲突点数量。以哈尔滨市学府路—西大直街交叉口为例,比较禁流向交通组织方案和单向交通组织方案,发现此交叉口禁流向交通组织更优,冲突点个数减少52%,路网车均行驶时间下降0.98%。考虑交通量变化分析禁流向交通组织模型的适用性,发现OD量变化超过26%时模型适用性较差,潮汐现象明显的交叉口,应设置单向交通组织。