The aim of this paper is to show that every local 2-cocycle of a von Neumann algebra R with coefficients in S (a unital dual R-bimodule) is a 2-cocycle.
Kunio Hidano[4] has shown that the global and local C2-solutions for semilinear wave equations with spherical symmetry in three space dimensions. This paper studies the global and local C2-solutions for the semilinea...Kunio Hidano[4] has shown that the global and local C2-solutions for semilinear wave equations with spherical symmetry in three space dimensions. This paper studies the global and local C2-solutions for the semilinear wave equations without spherical symmetry in three space dimensions. A problem put forward by Hiroyuki Takamura[2] is partially answered.展开更多
Distributed fiber sensors based on forward stimulated Brillouin scattering(F-SBS)have attracted special attention because of their capability to detect the acoustic impedance of liquid material outside fiber.However,t...Distributed fiber sensors based on forward stimulated Brillouin scattering(F-SBS)have attracted special attention because of their capability to detect the acoustic impedance of liquid material outside fiber.However,the reported results were based on the extraction of a 1st-order local spectrum,causing the sensing distance to be restricted by pump depletion.Here,a novel post-processing technique was proposed for distributed acoustic impedance sensing by extracting the 2nd-order local spectrum,which is beneficial for improving the sensing signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)significantly,since its pulse energy penetrates into the fiber more deeply.As a proof-of-concept,distributed acoustic impedance sensing along~1630 m fiber under moderate spatial resolution of~20 m was demonstrated.展开更多
A local alternating segment explicit - implicit method for the solution of 2D diffusion equations is presented in this paper .The method is unconditionally stable and has the obvious property of parallelism. Some nume...A local alternating segment explicit - implicit method for the solution of 2D diffusion equations is presented in this paper .The method is unconditionally stable and has the obvious property of parallelism. Some numerical experiments show the method is not only simple but also more accurate.展开更多
In this paper, we investigate the Raman and photoluminescence spectra of Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+) and Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+)/Mg^(2+) nanorods under high pressures using 514-nm and 532-nm laser light excitation. We observe tran...In this paper, we investigate the Raman and photoluminescence spectra of Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+) and Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+)/Mg^(2+) nanorods under high pressures using 514-nm and 532-nm laser light excitation. We observe transitions from the initial cubic phase to amorphous at pressures higher than 24 GPa for both Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+) and Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+)/Mg^(2+) nanorods. In addition, Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+) and Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+)/Mg^(2+) nanorods exhibit different distorted states after the pressure has been raised to 8 GPa. The analyses of intensity ratios, I_(0-2)/I_(0-1) from ~5D_(0–)~7F2_to^5D_(0–)~7F_1and I_(0-2)A/B of ~5D_(0–)7F_2 transitions indicate that Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+)/Mg^(2+) nanorods exhibit stronger local micro-surrounding characteristics for Eu^(3+) ions in a pressuremodulated crystal field. The doped Mg2+ion results in reducing the crystal ionicity in the distorted lattice state under high pressures. The use of doped ions as an ion modifier can be applied to the study of small local microstructural changes through Eu^(3+) luminescence.展开更多
The electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR) spectra of trigonal Mn^(2+) centers in Zn(ClO4)2·6(H2O) and Mg(ClO4)2·6(H2O) crystals were studied on the basis of the complete energy matrices for a d^5...The electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR) spectra of trigonal Mn^(2+) centers in Zn(ClO4)2·6(H2O) and Mg(ClO4)2·6(H2O) crystals were studied on the basis of the complete energy matrices for a d^5 configuration ion in a trigonal ligand field. It was demonstrated that the local lattice structure around a trigonal Mn^(2+) center has an compressed distortion along the crystalline c3 axis, and when Mn^(2+) is doped in the Zn(ClO4)2·6(H2O) and Mg(ClO4)2·6(H2O) crystals, there is a similar local distortion. From the EPR calculation, the local lattice structure parameters R=2.183 2 ?, for Zn(ClO4)2·6(H2O), R=2.130 2 ?, for Mg(ClO4)2·6(H2O) have been determined.展开更多
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are pivotal in safeguarding computer networks from malicious activities. This study presents a novel approach by proposing a Hybrid Dense Neural Network-Radial Basis Function Neural N...Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are pivotal in safeguarding computer networks from malicious activities. This study presents a novel approach by proposing a Hybrid Dense Neural Network-Radial Basis Function Neural Network (DNN-RBFNN) architecture to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of IDS. The hybrid model synergizes the strengths of both dense learning and radial basis function networks, aiming to address the limitations of traditional IDS techniques in classifying packets that could result in Remote-to-local (R2L), Denial of Service (Dos), and User-to-root (U2R) intrusions.展开更多
In Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN),attacks mostly aim in limiting or eliminating the capability of the network to do its normal function.Detecting this misbehaviour is a demanding issue.And so far the prevailing researc...In Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN),attacks mostly aim in limiting or eliminating the capability of the network to do its normal function.Detecting this misbehaviour is a demanding issue.And so far the prevailing research methods show poor performance.AQN3 centred efficient Intrusion Detection Systems(IDS)is proposed in WSN to ameliorate the performance.The proposed system encompasses Data Gathering(DG)in WSN as well as Intrusion Detection(ID)phases.In DG,the Sensor Nodes(SN)is formed as clusters in the WSN and the Distance-based Fruit Fly Fuzzy c-means(DFFF)algorithm chooses the Cluster Head(CH).Then,the data is amassed by the discovered path.Next,it is tested with the trained IDS.The IDS encompasses‘3’steps:pre-processing,matrix reduction,and classification.In pre-processing,the data is organized in a clear format.Then,attributes are presented on the matrix format and the ELDA(entropybased linear discriminant analysis)lessens the matrix values.Next,the output as of the matrix reduction is inputted to the QN3 classifier,which classifies the denial-of-services(DoS),Remotes to Local(R2L),Users to Root(U2R),and probes into attacked or Normal data.In an experimental estimation,the proposed algorithm’s performance is contrasted with the prevailing algorithms.The proposed work attains an enhanced outcome than the prevailing methods.展开更多
In this study, the direct effects of exterior abscisic acid (ABA) on both calcium distribution of mesophyll cells and cytosolic calcium concentration of guard cells were examined. The distribution of Ca^2+ localiza...In this study, the direct effects of exterior abscisic acid (ABA) on both calcium distribution of mesophyll cells and cytosolic calcium concentration of guard cells were examined. The distribution of Ca^2+ localization were observed with calcium antimonate precipitate-electromicroscopic-cyto-chemical methods after treated with ABA and pretreated with ethylene glycol-bis-(2-aminoethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), verapamil (Vp), and trifluoperazine (TFP). The laser scanning confocal microscopy was used to measure the cytosolic calcium concentrations of guard cells under different treatments. The results showed that the cytosolic Ca^2+ concentration of mesophyll ceils was induced to increase by ABA, but to decrease in both outside cell and the vacuoles within 10 rain after treatments. The cytosolic calcium concentration of guard cells was increased gradually with the lag in treatment time. However, both EGTA and TFP could inverse those effects, indicating that the increase of cytosolic calcium induced by exterior ABA was mainly caused by calcium influx. The results also showed that calmodulin could influence both the calcium distribution of mesophyll cells and calcium concentration of guard cells. It shows that calmodulin participates in the process of ABA signal transduction, but the mechanism is not known as yet. The changes both calcium distribution of mesophyll cells and calcium concentration of guard cells further proved that the variations of cytosolic Ca^2+ concentration induced by ABA were involved in the stomatal movements of maize seedlings.展开更多
BACKGROUND The poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitor olaparib has displayed superior clinical effect in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer(mCRPC)patients with the homologous recombination repair(HRR)g...BACKGROUND The poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitor olaparib has displayed superior clinical effect in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer(mCRPC)patients with the homologous recombination repair(HRR)genes mutations.However,when a patient’s tumor tissue volume is insufficient for genomic profiling of HRR gene mutations,circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)may be useful in helping to determine and monitor the efficacy of olaparib,as well as in abiraterone-combination treatment,and for understanding any resistance mechanism related to such mutations.CASE SUMMARY A 61-year-old man who was diagnosed with metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma was initially hormone sensitivity,showing high Gleason score(5+5=10)and absolute positive rate(14/14 biopsied specimens).Following failure of several standard therapies,the patient progressed to mCRPC.Surprisingly,the patient showed good response to olaparib-abiraterone-prednisone combination treatment(an androgen-deprivation therapy,provided as the‘final choice’in China).Serum total prostate-specific antigen(TPSA)level reduced and symptoms remitted for 4 months.However,thereafter,serum TPSA levels began slowly increasing,indicating development of olaparib resistance.Subsequent comprehensive genomic profiling of ctDNA, screening 508 cancer-related genes by next-generation sequencing,identified 10 somatic variants as well as 3 copy number alterations. Two identified reversemissense mutations in partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2) may have recovered the readingframe, restoring function of the primary germline PALB2 mutation and causing resistance to thePARP inhibitor olaparib.CONCLUSIONReverse mutations in PALB2, discovered via genomic profiling of ctDNA, may represent apotential resistance mechanism against olaparib in mCRPC.展开更多
We have investigated the two-dimensional (2D) atom localization via probe absorption in a coherently driven four-level atomic system by means of a radio-frequency field driving a hyperfine transition. It is found th...We have investigated the two-dimensional (2D) atom localization via probe absorption in a coherently driven four-level atomic system by means of a radio-frequency field driving a hyperfine transition. It is found that the detecting probability and precision of 2D atom localization can be significantly improved via adjusting the system parameters. As a result, our scheme may be helpful in laser cooling or the atom nano-lithography via atom localization.展开更多
Fractional or fractal calculus is everywhere and very important.It is reported that the fractal approach is suitable for insight into the effect of porous structure on thermo-properties of cloth.A novel local fraction...Fractional or fractal calculus is everywhere and very important.It is reported that the fractal approach is suitable for insight into the effect of porous structure on thermo-properties of cloth.A novel local fractional breaking soliton equation is derived from the reduction of the linear spectral problem associated with the local fractional non-isospectral self-dual Yang-Mills equations.More specifically,the employed linear spectral problem is first reduced to the(2+1)-dimensional local fractional zero-curvature equation through variable transformations.Based on the reduced local fractional zero-curvature equation,the fractional breaking soliton equation is then constructed by the method of undetermined coefficients.This paper shows that some other local fractional models can be obtained by generalizing the existing methods of generating nonlinear partial differential equations with integer orders.展开更多
To develop TiO2-based photocatalysts with visible light activity for better solar energy utilization, a simple flash oxidation method was developed by calcining commercial TiN nanoparticle to prepare N-doped TiO2 phot...To develop TiO2-based photocatalysts with visible light activity for better solar energy utilization, a simple flash oxidation method was developed by calcining commercial TiN nanoparticle to prepare N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst and TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalysts through the modulation of the calcination time and temperature. It was found that more energy and processing time were needed to prepare N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst than that of TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalyst during this process, while TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalyst bad a better visible light absorption/photocatalytic performance than that of N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst prepared from the oxidation of the same TiN precursor. Thus, the preparation of TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalyst from TiN precursor should be a more preferred approach than the preparation of N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst for visible-light-activated photocatalysis for its costeffectiveness.展开更多
Thermal decomposition behaviors of TiH_2 powder under a flowing helium atmosphere and in a low vacuum condition have been studied using an in situ EXAFS technique.By an EXAFS analysis containing the multiple scatterin...Thermal decomposition behaviors of TiH_2 powder under a flowing helium atmosphere and in a low vacuum condition have been studied using an in situ EXAFS technique.By an EXAFS analysis containing the multiple scattering paths including H atoms,the changes of the hydrogen stoichiometric ratio and the phase transformation sequence are obtained.The results demonstrate that the initial decomposition temperature is dependent on experimental conditions,which occurs,respectively,at about 300 and 400℃ in a low vacuum condition and under a flowing helium atmosphere.During the decomposition process of TiH_2 in a low vacuum condition,the sample experiences a phase change process:δ(TiH_2)→δ(TiH_x)→δ(TiH_1)+β(TiH_x)→δ(TiH_x)+β(TiH_x)+α(Ti)→β(TiH_x)+α(Ti)→α(Ti)+β(Ti).This study offers a way to detect the structural information of hydrogen.A detailed discussion about the decomposition process of TiH_2 is given in this paper.展开更多
Iris recognition technology recognizes a human based on his/her iris pattern. However, the accuracy of the iris recognition technology depends on accurate iris localization. Localizing a pupil region in the presence o...Iris recognition technology recognizes a human based on his/her iris pattern. However, the accuracy of the iris recognition technology depends on accurate iris localization. Localizing a pupil region in the presence of other low-intensity regions, such as hairs, eyebrows, and eyelashes, is a challenging task. This study proposes an iris localization technique that includes a localizing pupillary boundary in a sub-image by using an integral projection function and two-dimensional shape properties (e.g., area, geometry, and circularity). The limbic boundary is localized using gradients and an error distance transform, and the boundary is regularized with active contours. Experimental results obtained from public databases show the superiority of the Drooosed techniaue over contemporary methods.展开更多
Chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidative capability in detached leaves of the wild type Arabidopsis thaliana L. ecotype Landsberg erecta (Ler) and three mutants deficient in anthocyanins biosynthesis (tt3, tt4, a...Chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidative capability in detached leaves of the wild type Arabidopsis thaliana L. ecotype Landsberg erecta (Ler) and three mutants deficient in anthocyanins biosynthesis (tt3, tt4, and tt3tt4) were investigated during treatment with temperatures ranging 25-45 ℃. In comparison with the wild type, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm, φps,, electron transport rate (ETR), Fv/Fo and qP in three anthocyanin-deficient mutants showed a more rapidly decreasing rate when the temperature was over 35 ℃. Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) in these mutants was almost completely lost at 44 ℃, whereas the content of heat stable protein dropped and the rate of the membrane leakage increased. Fo-temperature curves were obtained by monitoring Fo levels with gradually elevated temperatures from 22 ℃ to 72 ℃ at 0.5 ℃/min. The inflexion temperatures of Fo were 45.8 ℃ in Ler, 45.1℃ in tt3, 44.1℃ in tt4 and 42.3 ℃ in tt3tt4, respectively. The temperatures of maximal Fo in three mutants were 1.9-3.8℃ lower than the wild type plants. Meanwhile, three mutants had lower activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and an inferior scavenging capability to DPPH (1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhy.drazyl) radical under heat stress, and in particular tt3tt4 had the lowest antioxidative potential. The results of the diaminobenzidine-H2O2 histochemical staining showed that H2O2 was accumulated in the leaf vein and mesophyll cells of mutants under treatment at 40 ℃, and it was significantly presented in leaf cells of tt3tt4. The sensitivity of Arabidopsis anthocyanins-deficient mutants to high temperatures has revealed that anthocyanins in normal plants might provide protection from high temperature injury, by enhancing its antioxidative capability under high temperature stress.展开更多
We have theoretically investigated two-dimensional atom localization using the absorption spectra of birefringence beams of light in a single wavelength domain.The atom localization is controlled and modified through ...We have theoretically investigated two-dimensional atom localization using the absorption spectra of birefringence beams of light in a single wavelength domain.The atom localization is controlled and modified through tunneling effect in a conductive chiral atomic medium with absorption spectra of birefringent beams.The significant localization peaks are investigated in the left and right circularly polarized beam.Single and double localized peaks are observed in different quadrants with minimum uncertainty and significant probability.The localized probability is modified by controlling birefringence and tunneling conditions.These results may be useful for the capability of optical microscopy and atom imaging.展开更多
Herein,we propose a scheme for the realization of two-dimensional atomic localization in aλ-type three-level atomic medium such that the atom interacts with the two orthogonal standing-wave fields and a probe field.B...Herein,we propose a scheme for the realization of two-dimensional atomic localization in aλ-type three-level atomic medium such that the atom interacts with the two orthogonal standing-wave fields and a probe field.Because of the spatially dependent atom-field interaction,the information about the position of the atom can be obtained by monitoring the probe transmission spectra of the weak probe field for the first time.A single and double sharp localized peaks are observed in the one-wavelength domain.We have theoretically archived high-resolution and high-precision atomic localization within a region smaller thanλ/25×λ/25.The results may have potential applications in the field of nano-lithography and advance laser cooling technology.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(1 0 0 71 0 4 7)
文摘The aim of this paper is to show that every local 2-cocycle of a von Neumann algebra R with coefficients in S (a unital dual R-bimodule) is a 2-cocycle.
基金Supported by youth foundation of Sichuan province (1999-09)
文摘Kunio Hidano[4] has shown that the global and local C2-solutions for semilinear wave equations with spherical symmetry in three space dimensions. This paper studies the global and local C2-solutions for the semilinear wave equations without spherical symmetry in three space dimensions. A problem put forward by Hiroyuki Takamura[2] is partially answered.
基金Project supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2019YJ0530)Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Provincial Education Department,China(Grant No.18ZA0401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61205079).
文摘Distributed fiber sensors based on forward stimulated Brillouin scattering(F-SBS)have attracted special attention because of their capability to detect the acoustic impedance of liquid material outside fiber.However,the reported results were based on the extraction of a 1st-order local spectrum,causing the sensing distance to be restricted by pump depletion.Here,a novel post-processing technique was proposed for distributed acoustic impedance sensing by extracting the 2nd-order local spectrum,which is beneficial for improving the sensing signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)significantly,since its pulse energy penetrates into the fiber more deeply.As a proof-of-concept,distributed acoustic impedance sensing along~1630 m fiber under moderate spatial resolution of~20 m was demonstrated.
文摘A local alternating segment explicit - implicit method for the solution of 2D diffusion equations is presented in this paper .The method is unconditionally stable and has the obvious property of parallelism. Some numerical experiments show the method is not only simple but also more accurate.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11304380,11404241,11275138,11604240,and 51320105007)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University,China(Grant No.IRT1132)
文摘In this paper, we investigate the Raman and photoluminescence spectra of Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+) and Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+)/Mg^(2+) nanorods under high pressures using 514-nm and 532-nm laser light excitation. We observe transitions from the initial cubic phase to amorphous at pressures higher than 24 GPa for both Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+) and Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+)/Mg^(2+) nanorods. In addition, Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+) and Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+)/Mg^(2+) nanorods exhibit different distorted states after the pressure has been raised to 8 GPa. The analyses of intensity ratios, I_(0-2)/I_(0-1) from ~5D_(0–)~7F2_to^5D_(0–)~7F_1and I_(0-2)A/B of ~5D_(0–)7F_2 transitions indicate that Y_2O_3/Eu^(3+)/Mg^(2+) nanorods exhibit stronger local micro-surrounding characteristics for Eu^(3+) ions in a pressuremodulated crystal field. The doped Mg2+ion results in reducing the crystal ionicity in the distorted lattice state under high pressures. The use of doped ions as an ion modifier can be applied to the study of small local microstructural changes through Eu^(3+) luminescence.
基金Funded in Part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61601384)
文摘The electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR) spectra of trigonal Mn^(2+) centers in Zn(ClO4)2·6(H2O) and Mg(ClO4)2·6(H2O) crystals were studied on the basis of the complete energy matrices for a d^5 configuration ion in a trigonal ligand field. It was demonstrated that the local lattice structure around a trigonal Mn^(2+) center has an compressed distortion along the crystalline c3 axis, and when Mn^(2+) is doped in the Zn(ClO4)2·6(H2O) and Mg(ClO4)2·6(H2O) crystals, there is a similar local distortion. From the EPR calculation, the local lattice structure parameters R=2.183 2 ?, for Zn(ClO4)2·6(H2O), R=2.130 2 ?, for Mg(ClO4)2·6(H2O) have been determined.
文摘Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are pivotal in safeguarding computer networks from malicious activities. This study presents a novel approach by proposing a Hybrid Dense Neural Network-Radial Basis Function Neural Network (DNN-RBFNN) architecture to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of IDS. The hybrid model synergizes the strengths of both dense learning and radial basis function networks, aiming to address the limitations of traditional IDS techniques in classifying packets that could result in Remote-to-local (R2L), Denial of Service (Dos), and User-to-root (U2R) intrusions.
文摘In Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN),attacks mostly aim in limiting or eliminating the capability of the network to do its normal function.Detecting this misbehaviour is a demanding issue.And so far the prevailing research methods show poor performance.AQN3 centred efficient Intrusion Detection Systems(IDS)is proposed in WSN to ameliorate the performance.The proposed system encompasses Data Gathering(DG)in WSN as well as Intrusion Detection(ID)phases.In DG,the Sensor Nodes(SN)is formed as clusters in the WSN and the Distance-based Fruit Fly Fuzzy c-means(DFFF)algorithm chooses the Cluster Head(CH).Then,the data is amassed by the discovered path.Next,it is tested with the trained IDS.The IDS encompasses‘3’steps:pre-processing,matrix reduction,and classification.In pre-processing,the data is organized in a clear format.Then,attributes are presented on the matrix format and the ELDA(entropybased linear discriminant analysis)lessens the matrix values.Next,the output as of the matrix reduction is inputted to the QN3 classifier,which classifies the denial-of-services(DoS),Remotes to Local(R2L),Users to Root(U2R),and probes into attacked or Normal data.In an experimental estimation,the proposed algorithm’s performance is contrasted with the prevailing algorithms.The proposed work attains an enhanced outcome than the prevailing methods.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(C2007000994)the National Key Technology R&D Program,China(2007BAD69B01).
文摘In this study, the direct effects of exterior abscisic acid (ABA) on both calcium distribution of mesophyll cells and cytosolic calcium concentration of guard cells were examined. The distribution of Ca^2+ localization were observed with calcium antimonate precipitate-electromicroscopic-cyto-chemical methods after treated with ABA and pretreated with ethylene glycol-bis-(2-aminoethylether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), verapamil (Vp), and trifluoperazine (TFP). The laser scanning confocal microscopy was used to measure the cytosolic calcium concentrations of guard cells under different treatments. The results showed that the cytosolic Ca^2+ concentration of mesophyll ceils was induced to increase by ABA, but to decrease in both outside cell and the vacuoles within 10 rain after treatments. The cytosolic calcium concentration of guard cells was increased gradually with the lag in treatment time. However, both EGTA and TFP could inverse those effects, indicating that the increase of cytosolic calcium induced by exterior ABA was mainly caused by calcium influx. The results also showed that calmodulin could influence both the calcium distribution of mesophyll cells and calcium concentration of guard cells. It shows that calmodulin participates in the process of ABA signal transduction, but the mechanism is not known as yet. The changes both calcium distribution of mesophyll cells and calcium concentration of guard cells further proved that the variations of cytosolic Ca^2+ concentration induced by ABA were involved in the stomatal movements of maize seedlings.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22065017 and 22163003)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(BX2021029 and 2021M700353)+2 种基金Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20224BAB214019 and 20202BABL203028)the Opening Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites,Beijing University of Chemical Technology(oic-202201011)the Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education(GJJ211801)。
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,No. cstc2018jcyj AX0781the Major Project of Chongqing Health Committee,No. cstc2016 shmszx130033031+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 81302316the Chongqing technological innovation and application development-Major theme projects,No. cstc2019jscxfxydx0008
文摘BACKGROUND The poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitor olaparib has displayed superior clinical effect in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer(mCRPC)patients with the homologous recombination repair(HRR)genes mutations.However,when a patient’s tumor tissue volume is insufficient for genomic profiling of HRR gene mutations,circulating tumor DNA(ctDNA)may be useful in helping to determine and monitor the efficacy of olaparib,as well as in abiraterone-combination treatment,and for understanding any resistance mechanism related to such mutations.CASE SUMMARY A 61-year-old man who was diagnosed with metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma was initially hormone sensitivity,showing high Gleason score(5+5=10)and absolute positive rate(14/14 biopsied specimens).Following failure of several standard therapies,the patient progressed to mCRPC.Surprisingly,the patient showed good response to olaparib-abiraterone-prednisone combination treatment(an androgen-deprivation therapy,provided as the‘final choice’in China).Serum total prostate-specific antigen(TPSA)level reduced and symptoms remitted for 4 months.However,thereafter,serum TPSA levels began slowly increasing,indicating development of olaparib resistance.Subsequent comprehensive genomic profiling of ctDNA, screening 508 cancer-related genes by next-generation sequencing,identified 10 somatic variants as well as 3 copy number alterations. Two identified reversemissense mutations in partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2) may have recovered the readingframe, restoring function of the primary germline PALB2 mutation and causing resistance to thePARP inhibitor olaparib.CONCLUSIONReverse mutations in PALB2, discovered via genomic profiling of ctDNA, may represent apotential resistance mechanism against olaparib in mCRPC.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11205001)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2010CB234607)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Anhui University,China
文摘We have investigated the two-dimensional (2D) atom localization via probe absorption in a coherently driven four-level atomic system by means of a radio-frequency field driving a hyperfine transition. It is found that the detecting probability and precision of 2D atom localization can be significantly improved via adjusting the system parameters. As a result, our scheme may be helpful in laser cooling or the atom nano-lithography via atom localization.
基金Liaoning BaiQianWan Talents Program of China(2019)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11547005)Natural Science Foundation of Education Department of Liaoning Province of China(2020)。
文摘Fractional or fractal calculus is everywhere and very important.It is reported that the fractal approach is suitable for insight into the effect of porous structure on thermo-properties of cloth.A novel local fractional breaking soliton equation is derived from the reduction of the linear spectral problem associated with the local fractional non-isospectral self-dual Yang-Mills equations.More specifically,the employed linear spectral problem is first reduced to the(2+1)-dimensional local fractional zero-curvature equation through variable transformations.Based on the reduced local fractional zero-curvature equation,the fractional breaking soliton equation is then constructed by the method of undetermined coefficients.This paper shows that some other local fractional models can be obtained by generalizing the existing methods of generating nonlinear partial differential equations with integer orders.
基金supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51672283 and 51602316)the Basic Science Innovation Program of Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science(Grant Nos.Y4N56R1161 and Y5N56F2161)
文摘To develop TiO2-based photocatalysts with visible light activity for better solar energy utilization, a simple flash oxidation method was developed by calcining commercial TiN nanoparticle to prepare N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst and TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalysts through the modulation of the calcination time and temperature. It was found that more energy and processing time were needed to prepare N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst than that of TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalyst during this process, while TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalyst bad a better visible light absorption/photocatalytic performance than that of N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst prepared from the oxidation of the same TiN precursor. Thus, the preparation of TiN/TiO2 composite photocatalyst from TiN precursor should be a more preferred approach than the preparation of N-doped TiO2 photocatalyst for visible-light-activated photocatalysis for its costeffectiveness.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(10875143)
文摘Thermal decomposition behaviors of TiH_2 powder under a flowing helium atmosphere and in a low vacuum condition have been studied using an in situ EXAFS technique.By an EXAFS analysis containing the multiple scattering paths including H atoms,the changes of the hydrogen stoichiometric ratio and the phase transformation sequence are obtained.The results demonstrate that the initial decomposition temperature is dependent on experimental conditions,which occurs,respectively,at about 300 and 400℃ in a low vacuum condition and under a flowing helium atmosphere.During the decomposition process of TiH_2 in a low vacuum condition,the sample experiences a phase change process:δ(TiH_2)→δ(TiH_x)→δ(TiH_1)+β(TiH_x)→δ(TiH_x)+β(TiH_x)+α(Ti)→β(TiH_x)+α(Ti)→α(Ti)+β(Ti).This study offers a way to detect the structural information of hydrogen.A detailed discussion about the decomposition process of TiH_2 is given in this paper.
基金supported by in-house PhD Program of COMSATS Institute of Information Technology,Islamabad Campus Pakistan
文摘Iris recognition technology recognizes a human based on his/her iris pattern. However, the accuracy of the iris recognition technology depends on accurate iris localization. Localizing a pupil region in the presence of other low-intensity regions, such as hairs, eyebrows, and eyelashes, is a challenging task. This study proposes an iris localization technique that includes a localizing pupillary boundary in a sub-image by using an integral projection function and two-dimensional shape properties (e.g., area, geometry, and circularity). The limbic boundary is localized using gradients and an error distance transform, and the boundary is regularized with active contours. Experimental results obtained from public databases show the superiority of the Drooosed techniaue over contemporary methods.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30470282).
文摘Chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidative capability in detached leaves of the wild type Arabidopsis thaliana L. ecotype Landsberg erecta (Ler) and three mutants deficient in anthocyanins biosynthesis (tt3, tt4, and tt3tt4) were investigated during treatment with temperatures ranging 25-45 ℃. In comparison with the wild type, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm, φps,, electron transport rate (ETR), Fv/Fo and qP in three anthocyanin-deficient mutants showed a more rapidly decreasing rate when the temperature was over 35 ℃. Non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) in these mutants was almost completely lost at 44 ℃, whereas the content of heat stable protein dropped and the rate of the membrane leakage increased. Fo-temperature curves were obtained by monitoring Fo levels with gradually elevated temperatures from 22 ℃ to 72 ℃ at 0.5 ℃/min. The inflexion temperatures of Fo were 45.8 ℃ in Ler, 45.1℃ in tt3, 44.1℃ in tt4 and 42.3 ℃ in tt3tt4, respectively. The temperatures of maximal Fo in three mutants were 1.9-3.8℃ lower than the wild type plants. Meanwhile, three mutants had lower activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and an inferior scavenging capability to DPPH (1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhy.drazyl) radical under heat stress, and in particular tt3tt4 had the lowest antioxidative potential. The results of the diaminobenzidine-H2O2 histochemical staining showed that H2O2 was accumulated in the leaf vein and mesophyll cells of mutants under treatment at 40 ℃, and it was significantly presented in leaf cells of tt3tt4. The sensitivity of Arabidopsis anthocyanins-deficient mutants to high temperatures has revealed that anthocyanins in normal plants might provide protection from high temperature injury, by enhancing its antioxidative capability under high temperature stress.
文摘We have theoretically investigated two-dimensional atom localization using the absorption spectra of birefringence beams of light in a single wavelength domain.The atom localization is controlled and modified through tunneling effect in a conductive chiral atomic medium with absorption spectra of birefringent beams.The significant localization peaks are investigated in the left and right circularly polarized beam.Single and double localized peaks are observed in different quadrants with minimum uncertainty and significant probability.The localized probability is modified by controlling birefringence and tunneling conditions.These results may be useful for the capability of optical microscopy and atom imaging.
基金supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.LD18A040001the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0304202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11974309)。
文摘Herein,we propose a scheme for the realization of two-dimensional atomic localization in aλ-type three-level atomic medium such that the atom interacts with the two orthogonal standing-wave fields and a probe field.Because of the spatially dependent atom-field interaction,the information about the position of the atom can be obtained by monitoring the probe transmission spectra of the weak probe field for the first time.A single and double sharp localized peaks are observed in the one-wavelength domain.We have theoretically archived high-resolution and high-precision atomic localization within a region smaller thanλ/25×λ/25.The results may have potential applications in the field of nano-lithography and advance laser cooling technology.