The numerical simulation and slope stability prediction are the focus of slope disaster research.Recently,machine learning models are commonly used in the slope stability prediction.However,these machine learning mode...The numerical simulation and slope stability prediction are the focus of slope disaster research.Recently,machine learning models are commonly used in the slope stability prediction.However,these machine learning models have some problems,such as poor nonlinear performance,local optimum and incomplete factors feature extraction.These issues can affect the accuracy of slope stability prediction.Therefore,a deep learning algorithm called Long short-term memory(LSTM)has been innovatively proposed to predict slope stability.Taking the Ganzhou City in China as the study area,the landslide inventory and their characteristics of geotechnical parameters,slope height and slope angle are analyzed.Based on these characteristics,typical soil slopes are constructed using the Geo-Studio software.Five control factors affecting slope stability,including slope height,slope angle,internal friction angle,cohesion and volumetric weight,are selected to form different slope and construct model input variables.Then,the limit equilibrium method is used to calculate the stability coefficients of these typical soil slopes under different control factors.Each slope stability coefficient and its corresponding control factors is a slope sample.As a result,a total of 2160 training samples and 450 testing samples are constructed.These sample sets are imported into LSTM for modelling and compared with the support vector machine(SVM),random forest(RF)and convo-lutional neural network(CNN).The results show that the LSTM overcomes the problem that the commonly used machine learning models have difficulty extracting global features.Furthermore,LSTM has a better prediction performance for slope stability compared to SVM,RF and CNN models.展开更多
The problems in equipment fault detection include data dimension explosion,computational complexity,low detection accuracy,etc.To solve these problems,a device anomaly detection algorithm based on enhanced long short-...The problems in equipment fault detection include data dimension explosion,computational complexity,low detection accuracy,etc.To solve these problems,a device anomaly detection algorithm based on enhanced long short-term memory(LSTM)is proposed.The algorithm first reduces the dimensionality of the device sensor data by principal component analysis(PCA),extracts the strongly correlated variable data among the multidimensional sensor data with the lowest possible information loss,and then uses the enhanced stacked LSTM to predict the extracted temporal data,thus improving the accuracy of anomaly detection.To improve the efficiency of the anomaly detection,a genetic algorithm(GA)is used to adjust the magnitude of the enhancements made by the LSTM model.The validation of the actual data from the pumps shows that the algorithm has significantly improved the recall rate and the detection speed of device anomaly detection,with the recall rate of 97.07%,which indicates that the algorithm is effective and efficient for device anomaly detection in the actual production environment.展开更多
A Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM) Recurrent Neural Network(RNN) has driven tremendous improvements on an acoustic model based on Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM). However, these models based on a hybrid method require a force...A Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM) Recurrent Neural Network(RNN) has driven tremendous improvements on an acoustic model based on Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM). However, these models based on a hybrid method require a forced aligned Hidden Markov Model(HMM) state sequence obtained from the GMM-based acoustic model. Therefore, it requires a long computation time for training both the GMM-based acoustic model and a deep learning-based acoustic model. In order to solve this problem, an acoustic model using CTC algorithm is proposed. CTC algorithm does not require the GMM-based acoustic model because it does not use the forced aligned HMM state sequence. However, previous works on a LSTM RNN-based acoustic model using CTC used a small-scale training corpus. In this paper, the LSTM RNN-based acoustic model using CTC is trained on a large-scale training corpus and its performance is evaluated. The implemented acoustic model has a performance of 6.18% and 15.01% in terms of Word Error Rate(WER) for clean speech and noisy speech, respectively. This is similar to a performance of the acoustic model based on the hybrid method.展开更多
This paper introduces the time-frequency analyzed long short-term memory(TF-LSTM) neural network method for jamming signal recognition over the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) receiver. The method introduces ...This paper introduces the time-frequency analyzed long short-term memory(TF-LSTM) neural network method for jamming signal recognition over the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) receiver. The method introduces the long shortterm memory(LSTM) neural network into the recognition algorithm and combines the time-frequency(TF) analysis for signal preprocessing. Five kinds of navigation jamming signals including white Gaussian noise(WGN), pulse jamming, sweep jamming, audio jamming, and spread spectrum jamming are used as input for training and recognition. Since the signal parameters and quantity are unknown in the actual scenario, this work builds a data set containing multiple kinds and parameters jamming to train the TF-LSTM. The performance of this method is evaluated by simulations and experiments. The method has higher recognition accuracy and better robustness than the existing methods, such as LSTM and the convolutional neural network(CNN).展开更多
脱硫过程是具有高度动态非线性和较大延迟时间的复杂工业过程,为了解决烟气脱硫过程的建模问题,设计了注意力机制下的深度长短期记忆(attention mechanism-based long short-term memory,AttLSTM)网络,并基于该网络设计自动编码器,完成...脱硫过程是具有高度动态非线性和较大延迟时间的复杂工业过程,为了解决烟气脱硫过程的建模问题,设计了注意力机制下的深度长短期记忆(attention mechanism-based long short-term memory,AttLSTM)网络,并基于该网络设计自动编码器,完成脱硫过程异常点的检测。该文首次提出使用AttLSTM网络自编码器对脱硫过程进行离群点检测,并且该网络模型同样首次应用于脱硫过程的辨识任务中。从更深的意义上讲,该文尝试使用深度学习模型对复杂系统进行辨识,所建立的AttLSTM网络之前未出现在系统辨识领域,该网络的出现可以丰富辨识模型的选择,同时为人工智能技术在系统辨识领域和控制领域的应用与推广提供参考。实验结果表明,相比于之前文献出现的脱硫过程建模方法,所提方法在不同性能指标上均具有更好的表现,由此可以证明深度AttLSTM网络在脱硫场景下的有效性。展开更多
When employing penetration ammunition to strike multi-story buildings,the detection methods using acceleration sensors suffer from signal aliasing,while magnetic detection methods are susceptible to interference from ...When employing penetration ammunition to strike multi-story buildings,the detection methods using acceleration sensors suffer from signal aliasing,while magnetic detection methods are susceptible to interference from ferromagnetic materials,thereby posing challenges in accurately determining the number of layers.To address this issue,this research proposes a layer counting method for penetration fuze that incorporates multi-source information fusion,utilizing both the temporal convolutional network(TCN)and the long short-term memory(LSTM)recurrent network.By leveraging the strengths of these two network structures,the method extracts temporal and high-dimensional features from the multi-source physical field during the penetration process,establishing a relationship between the multi-source physical field and the distance between the fuze and the target plate.A simulation model is developed to simulate the overload and magnetic field of a projectile penetrating multiple layers of target plates,capturing the multi-source physical field signals and their patterns during the penetration process.The analysis reveals that the proposed multi-source fusion layer counting method reduces errors by 60% and 50% compared to single overload layer counting and single magnetic anomaly signal layer counting,respectively.The model's predictive performance is evaluated under various operating conditions,including different ratios of added noise to random sample positions,penetration speeds,and spacing between target plates.The maximum errors in fuze penetration time predicted by the three modes are 0.08 ms,0.12 ms,and 0.16 ms,respectively,confirming the robustness of the proposed model.Moreover,the model's predictions indicate that the fitting degree for large interlayer spacings is superior to that for small interlayer spacings due to the influence of stress waves.展开更多
To address the shortcomings of single-step decision making in the existing deep reinforcement learning based unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)real-time path planning problem,a real-time UAV path planning algorithm based on...To address the shortcomings of single-step decision making in the existing deep reinforcement learning based unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)real-time path planning problem,a real-time UAV path planning algorithm based on long shortterm memory(RPP-LSTM)network is proposed,which combines the memory characteristics of recurrent neural network(RNN)and the deep reinforcement learning algorithm.LSTM networks are used in this algorithm as Q-value networks for the deep Q network(DQN)algorithm,which makes the decision of the Q-value network has some memory.Thanks to LSTM network,the Q-value network can use the previous environmental information and action information which effectively avoids the problem of single-step decision considering only the current environment.Besides,the algorithm proposes a hierarchical reward and punishment function for the specific problem of UAV real-time path planning,so that the UAV can more reasonably perform path planning.Simulation verification shows that compared with the traditional feed-forward neural network(FNN)based UAV autonomous path planning algorithm,the RPP-LSTM proposed in this paper can adapt to more complex environments and has significantly improved robustness and accuracy when performing UAV real-time path planning.展开更多
The rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) swarm, a new type of aerial threat target, has brought great pressure to the air defense early warning system. At present, most of the track correlation algorithms...The rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) swarm, a new type of aerial threat target, has brought great pressure to the air defense early warning system. At present, most of the track correlation algorithms only use part of the target location, speed, and other information for correlation.In this paper, the artificial neural network method is used to establish the corresponding intelligent track correlation model and method according to the characteristics of swarm targets.Precisely, a route correlation method based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM)Neural network is designed. In this model, the CNN is used to extract the formation characteristics of UAV swarm and the spatial position characteristics of single UAV track in the formation,while the LSTM is used to extract the time characteristics of UAV swarm. Experimental results show that compared with the traditional algorithms, the algorithm based on CNN-LSTM neural network can make full use of multiple feature information of the target, and has better robustness and accuracy for swarm targets.展开更多
Lithium-ion batteries are the most widely accepted type of battery in the electric vehicle industry because of some of their positive inherent characteristics. However, the safety problems associated with inaccurate e...Lithium-ion batteries are the most widely accepted type of battery in the electric vehicle industry because of some of their positive inherent characteristics. However, the safety problems associated with inaccurate estimation and prediction of the state of health of these batteries have attracted wide attention due to the adverse negative effect on vehicle safety. In this paper, both machine and deep learning models were used to estimate the state of health of lithium-ion batteries. The paper introduces the definition of battery health status and its importance in the electric vehicle industry. Based on the data preprocessing and visualization analysis, three features related to actual battery capacity degradation are extracted from the data. Two learning models, SVR and LSTM were employed for the state of health estimation and their respective results are compared in this paper. The mean square error and coefficient of determination were the two metrics for the performance evaluation of the models. The experimental results indicate that both models have high estimation results. However, the metrics indicated that the SVR was the overall best model.展开更多
消除客流数据随机噪声和确定神经网络超参数是城市轨道交通短时客流预测组合模型需要解决的关键问题。基于弱化客流数据噪声的自适应噪声完全集成经验模式分解算法(CEEMDAN)将客流时序数据分解为若干个频率和复杂度均不同的固有模态函...消除客流数据随机噪声和确定神经网络超参数是城市轨道交通短时客流预测组合模型需要解决的关键问题。基于弱化客流数据噪声的自适应噪声完全集成经验模式分解算法(CEEMDAN)将客流时序数据分解为若干个频率和复杂度均不同的固有模态函数分量和剩余分量后,利用引入自适应策略的改进粒子群算法(IPSO)动态求解长短期记忆神经网络(LSTM)超参数的最优值,构建CEEMDAN-IPSO-LSTM组合模型预测城市轨道交通短时客流量。以广州地铁杨箕站自动售检票系统采集的历史进(出)站客流数据为例进行实验,研究结果表明:IPSO算法较PSO算法在基准测试函数Sphere,Sum Squars,Sum of Different Power,Rosenbrock,Rastigrin,Ackley,Griewank和Penalized上的最小值、最大值、平均值和标准差均更接近最佳优化值,CEEMDAN-IPSO-LSTM模型较LSTM模型、CEEMDAN-LSTM模型、CEEMDAN-PSO-LSTM模型的全月全日进(出)站的预测误差评价指标SD,RMSE,MAE和MAPE分别降低了12~40人次(13~35人次)、13~44人次(12~35人次)、6~37人次(12~31人次)和5.08%~46.89%(6.5%~35.1%),R和R2分别提高了0.07%~2.32%(0.86%~3.63%)和0.13%~2.19%(0.67%~1.67%),同时在工作日不同时段和非工作日全日的预测性能均达到最优效果。IPSO算法的收敛速度和参数寻优精度均优于PSO算法,且CEEMDAN-IPSO-LSTM模型可应用于城市轨道交通短时客流量的精确预测,同时可为设计规划线网路线、缓解交通压力、提高乘客出行服务质量等提供基础数据支撑。展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41807285)。
文摘The numerical simulation and slope stability prediction are the focus of slope disaster research.Recently,machine learning models are commonly used in the slope stability prediction.However,these machine learning models have some problems,such as poor nonlinear performance,local optimum and incomplete factors feature extraction.These issues can affect the accuracy of slope stability prediction.Therefore,a deep learning algorithm called Long short-term memory(LSTM)has been innovatively proposed to predict slope stability.Taking the Ganzhou City in China as the study area,the landslide inventory and their characteristics of geotechnical parameters,slope height and slope angle are analyzed.Based on these characteristics,typical soil slopes are constructed using the Geo-Studio software.Five control factors affecting slope stability,including slope height,slope angle,internal friction angle,cohesion and volumetric weight,are selected to form different slope and construct model input variables.Then,the limit equilibrium method is used to calculate the stability coefficients of these typical soil slopes under different control factors.Each slope stability coefficient and its corresponding control factors is a slope sample.As a result,a total of 2160 training samples and 450 testing samples are constructed.These sample sets are imported into LSTM for modelling and compared with the support vector machine(SVM),random forest(RF)and convo-lutional neural network(CNN).The results show that the LSTM overcomes the problem that the commonly used machine learning models have difficulty extracting global features.Furthermore,LSTM has a better prediction performance for slope stability compared to SVM,RF and CNN models.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFB1707700)。
文摘The problems in equipment fault detection include data dimension explosion,computational complexity,low detection accuracy,etc.To solve these problems,a device anomaly detection algorithm based on enhanced long short-term memory(LSTM)is proposed.The algorithm first reduces the dimensionality of the device sensor data by principal component analysis(PCA),extracts the strongly correlated variable data among the multidimensional sensor data with the lowest possible information loss,and then uses the enhanced stacked LSTM to predict the extracted temporal data,thus improving the accuracy of anomaly detection.To improve the efficiency of the anomaly detection,a genetic algorithm(GA)is used to adjust the magnitude of the enhancements made by the LSTM model.The validation of the actual data from the pumps shows that the algorithm has significantly improved the recall rate and the detection speed of device anomaly detection,with the recall rate of 97.07%,which indicates that the algorithm is effective and efficient for device anomaly detection in the actual production environment.
基金supported by the Ministry of Trade,Industry & Energy(MOTIE,Korea) under Industrial Technology Innovation Program (No.10063424,'development of distant speech recognition and multi-task dialog processing technologies for in-door conversational robots')
文摘A Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM) Recurrent Neural Network(RNN) has driven tremendous improvements on an acoustic model based on Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM). However, these models based on a hybrid method require a forced aligned Hidden Markov Model(HMM) state sequence obtained from the GMM-based acoustic model. Therefore, it requires a long computation time for training both the GMM-based acoustic model and a deep learning-based acoustic model. In order to solve this problem, an acoustic model using CTC algorithm is proposed. CTC algorithm does not require the GMM-based acoustic model because it does not use the forced aligned HMM state sequence. However, previous works on a LSTM RNN-based acoustic model using CTC used a small-scale training corpus. In this paper, the LSTM RNN-based acoustic model using CTC is trained on a large-scale training corpus and its performance is evaluated. The implemented acoustic model has a performance of 6.18% and 15.01% in terms of Word Error Rate(WER) for clean speech and noisy speech, respectively. This is similar to a performance of the acoustic model based on the hybrid method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62003354)。
文摘This paper introduces the time-frequency analyzed long short-term memory(TF-LSTM) neural network method for jamming signal recognition over the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS) receiver. The method introduces the long shortterm memory(LSTM) neural network into the recognition algorithm and combines the time-frequency(TF) analysis for signal preprocessing. Five kinds of navigation jamming signals including white Gaussian noise(WGN), pulse jamming, sweep jamming, audio jamming, and spread spectrum jamming are used as input for training and recognition. Since the signal parameters and quantity are unknown in the actual scenario, this work builds a data set containing multiple kinds and parameters jamming to train the TF-LSTM. The performance of this method is evaluated by simulations and experiments. The method has higher recognition accuracy and better robustness than the existing methods, such as LSTM and the convolutional neural network(CNN).
文摘脱硫过程是具有高度动态非线性和较大延迟时间的复杂工业过程,为了解决烟气脱硫过程的建模问题,设计了注意力机制下的深度长短期记忆(attention mechanism-based long short-term memory,AttLSTM)网络,并基于该网络设计自动编码器,完成脱硫过程异常点的检测。该文首次提出使用AttLSTM网络自编码器对脱硫过程进行离群点检测,并且该网络模型同样首次应用于脱硫过程的辨识任务中。从更深的意义上讲,该文尝试使用深度学习模型对复杂系统进行辨识,所建立的AttLSTM网络之前未出现在系统辨识领域,该网络的出现可以丰富辨识模型的选择,同时为人工智能技术在系统辨识领域和控制领域的应用与推广提供参考。实验结果表明,相比于之前文献出现的脱硫过程建模方法,所提方法在不同性能指标上均具有更好的表现,由此可以证明深度AttLSTM网络在脱硫场景下的有效性。
文摘When employing penetration ammunition to strike multi-story buildings,the detection methods using acceleration sensors suffer from signal aliasing,while magnetic detection methods are susceptible to interference from ferromagnetic materials,thereby posing challenges in accurately determining the number of layers.To address this issue,this research proposes a layer counting method for penetration fuze that incorporates multi-source information fusion,utilizing both the temporal convolutional network(TCN)and the long short-term memory(LSTM)recurrent network.By leveraging the strengths of these two network structures,the method extracts temporal and high-dimensional features from the multi-source physical field during the penetration process,establishing a relationship between the multi-source physical field and the distance between the fuze and the target plate.A simulation model is developed to simulate the overload and magnetic field of a projectile penetrating multiple layers of target plates,capturing the multi-source physical field signals and their patterns during the penetration process.The analysis reveals that the proposed multi-source fusion layer counting method reduces errors by 60% and 50% compared to single overload layer counting and single magnetic anomaly signal layer counting,respectively.The model's predictive performance is evaluated under various operating conditions,including different ratios of added noise to random sample positions,penetration speeds,and spacing between target plates.The maximum errors in fuze penetration time predicted by the three modes are 0.08 ms,0.12 ms,and 0.16 ms,respectively,confirming the robustness of the proposed model.Moreover,the model's predictions indicate that the fitting degree for large interlayer spacings is superior to that for small interlayer spacings due to the influence of stress waves.
基金supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Prog ram of Shaanxi(2022JQ-593)。
文摘To address the shortcomings of single-step decision making in the existing deep reinforcement learning based unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)real-time path planning problem,a real-time UAV path planning algorithm based on long shortterm memory(RPP-LSTM)network is proposed,which combines the memory characteristics of recurrent neural network(RNN)and the deep reinforcement learning algorithm.LSTM networks are used in this algorithm as Q-value networks for the deep Q network(DQN)algorithm,which makes the decision of the Q-value network has some memory.Thanks to LSTM network,the Q-value network can use the previous environmental information and action information which effectively avoids the problem of single-step decision considering only the current environment.Besides,the algorithm proposes a hierarchical reward and punishment function for the specific problem of UAV real-time path planning,so that the UAV can more reasonably perform path planning.Simulation verification shows that compared with the traditional feed-forward neural network(FNN)based UAV autonomous path planning algorithm,the RPP-LSTM proposed in this paper can adapt to more complex environments and has significantly improved robustness and accuracy when performing UAV real-time path planning.
文摘The rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) swarm, a new type of aerial threat target, has brought great pressure to the air defense early warning system. At present, most of the track correlation algorithms only use part of the target location, speed, and other information for correlation.In this paper, the artificial neural network method is used to establish the corresponding intelligent track correlation model and method according to the characteristics of swarm targets.Precisely, a route correlation method based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM)Neural network is designed. In this model, the CNN is used to extract the formation characteristics of UAV swarm and the spatial position characteristics of single UAV track in the formation,while the LSTM is used to extract the time characteristics of UAV swarm. Experimental results show that compared with the traditional algorithms, the algorithm based on CNN-LSTM neural network can make full use of multiple feature information of the target, and has better robustness and accuracy for swarm targets.
文摘Lithium-ion batteries are the most widely accepted type of battery in the electric vehicle industry because of some of their positive inherent characteristics. However, the safety problems associated with inaccurate estimation and prediction of the state of health of these batteries have attracted wide attention due to the adverse negative effect on vehicle safety. In this paper, both machine and deep learning models were used to estimate the state of health of lithium-ion batteries. The paper introduces the definition of battery health status and its importance in the electric vehicle industry. Based on the data preprocessing and visualization analysis, three features related to actual battery capacity degradation are extracted from the data. Two learning models, SVR and LSTM were employed for the state of health estimation and their respective results are compared in this paper. The mean square error and coefficient of determination were the two metrics for the performance evaluation of the models. The experimental results indicate that both models have high estimation results. However, the metrics indicated that the SVR was the overall best model.
文摘消除客流数据随机噪声和确定神经网络超参数是城市轨道交通短时客流预测组合模型需要解决的关键问题。基于弱化客流数据噪声的自适应噪声完全集成经验模式分解算法(CEEMDAN)将客流时序数据分解为若干个频率和复杂度均不同的固有模态函数分量和剩余分量后,利用引入自适应策略的改进粒子群算法(IPSO)动态求解长短期记忆神经网络(LSTM)超参数的最优值,构建CEEMDAN-IPSO-LSTM组合模型预测城市轨道交通短时客流量。以广州地铁杨箕站自动售检票系统采集的历史进(出)站客流数据为例进行实验,研究结果表明:IPSO算法较PSO算法在基准测试函数Sphere,Sum Squars,Sum of Different Power,Rosenbrock,Rastigrin,Ackley,Griewank和Penalized上的最小值、最大值、平均值和标准差均更接近最佳优化值,CEEMDAN-IPSO-LSTM模型较LSTM模型、CEEMDAN-LSTM模型、CEEMDAN-PSO-LSTM模型的全月全日进(出)站的预测误差评价指标SD,RMSE,MAE和MAPE分别降低了12~40人次(13~35人次)、13~44人次(12~35人次)、6~37人次(12~31人次)和5.08%~46.89%(6.5%~35.1%),R和R2分别提高了0.07%~2.32%(0.86%~3.63%)和0.13%~2.19%(0.67%~1.67%),同时在工作日不同时段和非工作日全日的预测性能均达到最优效果。IPSO算法的收敛速度和参数寻优精度均优于PSO算法,且CEEMDAN-IPSO-LSTM模型可应用于城市轨道交通短时客流量的精确预测,同时可为设计规划线网路线、缓解交通压力、提高乘客出行服务质量等提供基础数据支撑。