The beam windows of high-energy beam lines are important,and it is sometimes difficult to design because it is necessary to ensure particle propagation with minimum disturbance and fulfill mechanical requirements at t...The beam windows of high-energy beam lines are important,and it is sometimes difficult to design because it is necessary to ensure particle propagation with minimum disturbance and fulfill mechanical requirements at the same time.The upstream decay pipe window of the long baseline neutrino facility at Fermilab has an extremely large diameter(1.8 m),with a thickness of only 1.5 mm to separate the helium atmosphere in the decay pipe and the nitrogen atmosphere on the other side.Furthermore,the center of this dish-shaped window is expected to be a200-mm-diameter beryllium dish welded to the outside aluminum alloy A6061,and this welded combination must withstand extreme conditions of a 2.4-MW,high-energy proton beam without leakage.These severe conditions make the design of this window an unprecedented challenge.This paper describes the static thermal-structural analyses based on which the structure has been optimized,as well as dynamic analyses for understanding the shockwave effects originating in the beam.After optimization,the maximum von Mises stresses in the window decreased significantly in both normal operation and accident cases,making our design very reasonable.展开更多
One-sided ascending or descending Synthetic Aperture Radar（SAR） stereoradargrammetry has limited accuracy of topographic mapping due to the short spatial baseline（-100 km） and small intersection angle. In order to...One-sided ascending or descending Synthetic Aperture Radar（SAR） stereoradargrammetry has limited accuracy of topographic mapping due to the short spatial baseline（-100 km） and small intersection angle. In order to improve the performance and reliability of generating digital elevation model（DEM） from spaceborne SAR radargrammetry, an exploration of two-sided stereoradargrammetry from the combination of ascending and descending orbits with geometric configuration of long spatial baseline（-1000 km） was conducted in this study. The slant-range geometry between SAR sensors to the earth surface and the Doppler positioning equations were employed to establish the stereoscopic intersection model. The measurement uncertainty of two-sided radargrammetric elevation was estimated on the basis of radar parallax of homogeneous points between input SAR images. Two stereo-pairs of ALOS/PALSAR（Advanced Land Observing Satellite/Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar） acquisitions with the orbital separation almost 1080 km over the west Sichuan foreland basin with rolling topography in southwestern China were employed in the study to obtain the up-to-date terrain data after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake that hit this area. Thequantitative accuracy assessment of two-sided radargrammetric DEM was performed with reference to field GPS observations. The experimental results show that the elevation accuracy reaches 5.5 m without ground control points（GCPs） used, and the accuracy is further improved to 1.5 m with only one GPS GCP used as the least constraint. The theoretical analysis and testing results demonstrate that the twosided long baseline SAR radargrammetry from the ascending and descending orbits can be a very promising technical alternative for large-area and high accuracy topographic mapping.展开更多
联合甚长基线干涉测量(very long baseline interferometry,VLBI)时延数据与转发式(orbit determination by transfer tracking,ODTT)测距数据能够有效提高地球静止轨道(geostationary earth orbit,GEO)卫星定轨精度。参照位置精度衰减...联合甚长基线干涉测量(very long baseline interferometry,VLBI)时延数据与转发式(orbit determination by transfer tracking,ODTT)测距数据能够有效提高地球静止轨道(geostationary earth orbit,GEO)卫星定轨精度。参照位置精度衰减因子(position dilution of precision,PDOP)的改变,研究不同VLBI基线时延数据与转发式测距数据的联合对GEO卫星定轨精度的改善,可为特定条件下联合观测时VLBI基线的最优选择提供参考。基于中国科学院国家授时中心宽带VLBI系统和转发式测轨系统的实测数据,开展中星12号GEO卫星的定轨试验。试验结果表明定轨精度的提高与PDOP的降低成正相关。相比于转发式单独定轨,联合VLBI系统中的喀什—三亚基线,PDOP降低了3.00,定轨精度提高了11.48%;联合VLBI系统中的吉林—喀什基线,PDOP降低了3.38,定轨精度提高了14.73%;联合VLBI系统中的吉林—三亚基线,PDOP降低了6.90,定轨精度提高了19.75%;联合VLBI系统中的吉林—三亚和吉林—喀什两条基线,PDOP降低了9.94,定轨精度提高了27.23%。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFE0106100)。
文摘The beam windows of high-energy beam lines are important,and it is sometimes difficult to design because it is necessary to ensure particle propagation with minimum disturbance and fulfill mechanical requirements at the same time.The upstream decay pipe window of the long baseline neutrino facility at Fermilab has an extremely large diameter(1.8 m),with a thickness of only 1.5 mm to separate the helium atmosphere in the decay pipe and the nitrogen atmosphere on the other side.Furthermore,the center of this dish-shaped window is expected to be a200-mm-diameter beryllium dish welded to the outside aluminum alloy A6061,and this welded combination must withstand extreme conditions of a 2.4-MW,high-energy proton beam without leakage.These severe conditions make the design of this window an unprecedented challenge.This paper describes the static thermal-structural analyses based on which the structure has been optimized,as well as dynamic analyses for understanding the shockwave effects originating in the beam.After optimization,the maximum von Mises stresses in the window decreased significantly in both normal operation and accident cases,making our design very reasonable.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41472255,51178404)Open Research Fund by Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Emergency Mapping & Disaster Reduction(Program K2014B006)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.SWJTU12ZT07,2682014BR014)
文摘One-sided ascending or descending Synthetic Aperture Radar（SAR） stereoradargrammetry has limited accuracy of topographic mapping due to the short spatial baseline（-100 km） and small intersection angle. In order to improve the performance and reliability of generating digital elevation model（DEM） from spaceborne SAR radargrammetry, an exploration of two-sided stereoradargrammetry from the combination of ascending and descending orbits with geometric configuration of long spatial baseline（-1000 km） was conducted in this study. The slant-range geometry between SAR sensors to the earth surface and the Doppler positioning equations were employed to establish the stereoscopic intersection model. The measurement uncertainty of two-sided radargrammetric elevation was estimated on the basis of radar parallax of homogeneous points between input SAR images. Two stereo-pairs of ALOS/PALSAR（Advanced Land Observing Satellite/Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar） acquisitions with the orbital separation almost 1080 km over the west Sichuan foreland basin with rolling topography in southwestern China were employed in the study to obtain the up-to-date terrain data after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake that hit this area. Thequantitative accuracy assessment of two-sided radargrammetric DEM was performed with reference to field GPS observations. The experimental results show that the elevation accuracy reaches 5.5 m without ground control points（GCPs） used, and the accuracy is further improved to 1.5 m with only one GPS GCP used as the least constraint. The theoretical analysis and testing results demonstrate that the twosided long baseline SAR radargrammetry from the ascending and descending orbits can be a very promising technical alternative for large-area and high accuracy topographic mapping.
文摘联合甚长基线干涉测量(very long baseline interferometry,VLBI)时延数据与转发式(orbit determination by transfer tracking,ODTT)测距数据能够有效提高地球静止轨道(geostationary earth orbit,GEO)卫星定轨精度。参照位置精度衰减因子(position dilution of precision,PDOP)的改变,研究不同VLBI基线时延数据与转发式测距数据的联合对GEO卫星定轨精度的改善,可为特定条件下联合观测时VLBI基线的最优选择提供参考。基于中国科学院国家授时中心宽带VLBI系统和转发式测轨系统的实测数据,开展中星12号GEO卫星的定轨试验。试验结果表明定轨精度的提高与PDOP的降低成正相关。相比于转发式单独定轨,联合VLBI系统中的喀什—三亚基线,PDOP降低了3.00,定轨精度提高了11.48%;联合VLBI系统中的吉林—喀什基线,PDOP降低了3.38,定轨精度提高了14.73%;联合VLBI系统中的吉林—三亚基线,PDOP降低了6.90,定轨精度提高了19.75%;联合VLBI系统中的吉林—三亚和吉林—喀什两条基线,PDOP降低了9.94,定轨精度提高了27.23%。
