A LONG TERM EFFECT EVALUATION OF TOTAL HIP PROSTHETIC REPLACEMENT

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Long-term effects of early antibiotic intervention on blood parameters,apparent nutrient digestibility, and fecal microbial fermentation profile in pigs with different dietary protein levels

Backgroud： This study aimed to determine the effects of early antibiotic intervention（EAI） on subsequent blood parameters, apparent nutrient digestibility, and fecal fermentation profile in pigs with different dietary crude protein（CP） levels. Eighteen litters of piglets（total 212） were randomly allocated to 2 groups and were fed a creep feed diet with or without in-feed antibiotics（olaquindox, oxytetracycline calcium and kitasamycin） from postnatal d 7 to d 42. On d 42, the piglets within the control or antibiotic group were mixed, respectively, and then further randomly assigned to a normal-（20%, 18%, and 14% CP from d 42 to d 77, d 77 to d 120, and d 120 to d 185,respectively） or a low-CP diet（16%, 14%, and 10% CP from d 42 to d 77, d 77 to d 120, and d 120 to d 185,respectively）, generating 4 groups. On d 77（short-term） and d 185（long-term）, serum and fecal samples were obtained for blood parameters, microbial composition and microbial metabolism analysis.Results： EAI increased（P 〈 0.05） albumin and glucose concentrations in low-CP diet on d 77, and increased（P 〈 0.05） urea concentration in normal-CP diet. On d 185, EAI increased（P 〈 0.05） globulin concentration in normal-CP diets, but decreased glucose concentration. For nutrient digestibility, EAI increased（P 〈 0.05）digestibility of CP on d 77. For fecal microbiota, the EAI as well as low-CP diet decreased（P 〈 0.05） E. coli count on d 77. For fecal metabolites, on d 77, EAI decreased（P 〈 0.05） total amines concentration but increased skatole concentration in low-CP diet. On d 185, the EAI increased（P 〈 0.05） putrescine and total amines concentrations in low-CP diets but reduced（P 〈 0.05） in the normal-CP diets. The low-CP diet decreased the concentrations of these compounds.Conclusions： Collectively, these results indicate that EAI has short-term effects on the blood parameters and fecal microbial fermentation profile. The effects of EAI varied between CP levels, which was characterized by the significant alteration of glucose and putrescine concentration.

Addition of Urban Waste to Semiarid Degraded Soil:Long-term Effect

The addition of municipal solid wastes (MSW) is considered as a possible strategy for soil rehabilitation in southeast Spain.The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term (17 years) effect of five doses of MSW addition on the microbiological,biochemical,and physical properties of semiarid soil.Increased values of several parameters that serve as indicators of general microbiological activity,such as,basal respiration,adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or dehydrogenase activity;microbial population size (microbial biomass C),and extracellular hydrolase activity related to macronutrient cycles,such as,urease,β-glucosidase,and N-α-benzoyl-L-argininamide protease,were observed in the amended soils.The highest MSW doses showed the highest values in these hydrolase activities.The incorporation of municipal waste resulted in a more dense development of the plant cover,50% greater in higher doses than in the control treatment,which generated a substantial increase in several C fractions.Total organic carbon reached 12 g kg^(-1) soil with the highest MSW doses, compared to 4.30 g kg^(-1) soil in the control treatment.The physical properties of the soil were also improved,showing greater percentage of stable aggregates and water holding capacity.Positive correlation coefficients between C fractions and parameters related to microbial activity and aggregate stability were observed.Although these improvements were greater in the soils receiving the highest doses of organic amendment,the increases were not proportional to the amount added,demonstrating the existence of a threshold,above which an increase in the amount of organic matter added is not reflected in an increase in the soil's physical,biochemical,and microbiological properties.However,the addition of municipal solid wastes proved its suitability for improving soil quality,thereby indicating the potential of such an amendment,to prevent desertification in Mediterranean areas such as those studied.

LONG-TERM EFFECT OF HOMOHARRINGTONINE ON CHRONIC GRANULOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

Objective: To observe the long-term effect of homoharringtonine (HHT) on chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) and its pharmacological mechanism. Methods: 76 patients with newly diagnosed early chronic phase CGL received treatment of merely 1.5 mg/m2 daily HHT for induction remission and long-term maintenance treatment. The apoptosis rate of bone marrow CD34+ cells induced by HHT was assayed with flow cytometer. Results: 86.8% patients achieved CHR, 13.2% patients PHR and 31.8% patients got cytogenetic response in HHT treatment group, which was longer than 31 (8-54) months in hydroxyurea (HU) group (P<0.05). The effect of apoptosis induction HHT was stronger on CGL-CP patients bone marrow CD34+ cells than on normal person bone marrow CD34+ cells. Conclusion: HHT is a very effective drug for remission induction and long-term maintenance treatment in early chronic phase CGL patients.

Long-term outcome of chronic hepatitis C patients with sustained virological response to peginterferon plus ribavirin

AIM: To assess the clinical, biochemical and virological long-term outcome in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients with a sustained virological response (SVR) after peginterferon (PEG-IFN) plus ribavirin combination therapy. METHODS: One hundred and fifty three patients with a SVR after treatment with PEG-IFN plus ribavirin were included in a 5-year follow-up study in a single Spanish center, based on standard clinical practice. Clinical anamnesis, biochemical analysis, hepatitis C virus RNA and alpha-fetoprotein measurement, ultrasonography and transient elastography were performed annually. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period of the 153 patients was 76 ± 13 mo after they obtained a SVR. Five patients (3.26%) presented with cirrhosis before treatment and 116 (75.8%) had genotype 1. No patient showed evidence of hepatic decompensation. One patient (0.65%) developed a hepatocellular carcinoma at month 30 after achieving SVR. There were no virological relapses during this follow-up period. Persistently elevated alanine aminotransferase was found in only one patient (0.65%). At the end of the 5-year follow-up, the mean value of transient elastography was 7 ± 4.3 kPa (F1). There were no deaths and no other tumors. CONCLUSION: The long-term outcome of 153 CHC patients with SVR to PEG-IFN plus ribavirin was good. No evidence of a virological relapse was seen. One patient (0.65%) developed a hepatocellular carcinoma.

MANUAL ACUPUNCTURE PRODUCES LONG TERM INHIBITION OF THE NOCICEPTIVE TRANSMISSION TO WIDE DYNAMIC RANGE NEURONS IN THE SPINAL CORD OF THE RAT

singe unit discharge recordings were made from 42 WDR neurons in spinal dorsal horn in the rat. These neurons could he driven by electrical stimull activiting innocuous and noxious afferent fibres in the ipsilateral plantar nerve. Traditional manual acupuncture delivered at the local acupoints Zusanli, Chengshan, Kunlun and Yongquan induced a strong inhibition or the C-fiber response. in 19 of 42 neurons obtained but did not after the A-fibre response of the neurons. The inhibition of the fibre response outlasted the period of acupuncture for more than 30 min. Neither Anor C-fibre responses in the remaining 23 neurous could be affected by manual acupuncture. These results suggest that the acupuncture stimulation specifically influences nociceptive nociceptive transmission,maybe through a presynaptic action,Furthermore, the fact that the inhibitory effect outlasts the stimulation by more than 30 min indicates that either a neuromodulatory ,presumably peptidergic action is at hand or that a temporary synaptic modification occurs in the spinal dorsal horn.

Evolution of interfacial dislocation networks during long term thermal aging in Ni-based single crystal superalloy DD5

Interfacial dislocations found in single crystal superalloys after long term thermal aging have an important effect on mechanical properties. Long term thermal aging tests for DD5 single crystal superalloy were carried out at 1,100 ℃ for 20, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 h, and then cooled by air. The effect of long term thermal aging on the dislocation networks at the γ/γ' interfaces was investigated by FE-SEM. Results showed that during the long term thermal aging at 1,100 ℃, misfit dislocations formed firstly and then reorientation in the(001) interfacial planes occurred. Different types of square or rectangular dislocation network form by dislocation reaction. Square dislocation networks consisting of four groups of dislocations can transform into octagonal dislocation networks, and then form another square dislocation network by dislocation reaction. Rectangular dislocation networks can also transform into hexagonal dislocation networks. The interfacial dislocation networks promote the γ' phase rafting process. The dislocation networks spacings become smaller and smaller, leading to the effective lattice misfit increasing from-0.10% to-0.32%.

Long-term efficacy of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin chemotherapy on stage Ⅲ colon cancer: A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Many clinical studies for the long-term survival or efficacy of capecitabine plus oxaliplatin(XELOX)in colon cancer have already been studied,but its clinical benefit is controversial.AIM To evaluate the long-term efficacy of XELOX regimen in comparison with other adjuvant chemotherapy protocols in colon cancer.METHODS By searching the PubMed,EMBASE and Cochrane databases,a total of 12 randomized controlled trials involving 6698 stageⅢcolon cancer cases(XELOX protocol:n=3298 cases;other adjuvant chemotherapy protocol:n=3268 cases)were included.The parameter outcomes included the overall survival and the disease-free survival.The quality control of selected literature was based on the Jadad scale and the GRADE system.RESULTS In comparison to other adjuvant chemotherapy regimen,XELOX regimen showed a better overall survival(odds ratio=1.29,95% confidence interval:1.15-1.44,P<0.0001)and a better disease-free survival(odds ratio=1.32,95%confidence interval:1.18-1.46,P<0.0001)for colon cancer patients,suggesting the XELOX regimen can be a good option for postoperative treatment of stage III colon cancer.CONCLUSION The XELOX regimen can be a preferred option for adjuvant treatment of stageⅢcolon cancer after surgery.

Assessment of Long-Term Compost Application on Physical, Chemical, and Biological Properties, as Well as Fertility, of Soil in a Field Subjected to Double Cropping

The aim of this article was to assess the influence of long-term application of compost on the physical, chemical, and biological properties, as well as the fertility, of soil in a field subjected to double cropping (paddy rice and barley), mainly by integrating previous studies of the effects of compost and manure on soil qualities. Continuous compost application, especially at a high level (30 Mg·ha-1·y-1), into the double cropping soils increased the activities of organic C-, N-, and P-decomposing enzymes and the contents of organic C, total N, and microbial biomass N, as well as the cation exchange capacity, thereby contributing to the enhancement of soil fertility. Also, the compost application increased the degree of water-stable soil macroaggregation (>0.25 mm), which was correlated significantly (r > 0.950, p < 0.05) with the contents of hydrolyzable carbohydrates (with negative charge) and active Al (with positive charge), and resulted in the modification of soil physical properties. Furthermore, the application increased the amount of soil organic matter, including humic acid with a low degree of darkening and fulvic acid, and contributed to C sequestration and storage. Physical fractionation of soil indicated that about 60% of soil organic C was distributed in the silt-sized (2 - 20 μm) aggregate and clay-sized (<2 μm) aggregate fractions, while about 30% existed in the decayed plant fractions (53 - 2000 μm). The results obtained unambiguously indicate that long-term application of compost can improve soil qualities in the field subjected to double cropping, depending on the amount applied.

Kaposi’s Sarcoma Associated with Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Rare Complication of Long-Term Corticosteroid Therapy

Corticosteroid therapy has revolutionized the treatment of many diseases in medicine. The most concerned diseases are chronic inflammatory diseases. Its use may be either short-term or long-term, thus generating several side effects, some of which are conventional and known, but others are rare, such as Kaposi’s sarcoma. We report here a particular clinical observation. Observation: This is a patient of 37 years, who consults in Internal Medicine for the treatment of mucocutaneous lesions, papular nodular, hyper pigmented, budding and disseminated appeared after six months of corticosteroid therapy. This treatment was introduced for the treatment of acoustic neurinoma. The patient is not diabetic or alcoholic and has a negative HIV status. The diagnosis of Kaposi’s sarcoma was made by histology of biopsied skin lesions which concluded for a regular proliferation without atypia spindle cell or mitosis. The lesions persisted over a month despite discontinuation of corticosteroid therapy. Treatment with Bleomycin was necessary. The outcome was favorable under treatment with progressive and complete disappearance of lesions after 15 treatments. Conclusion: The classical side effects of long-term corticosteroid are known, but Kaposi sarcoma complicating long-term corticosteroid is rare in the literature. It is vital that any long-term corticosteroid should be the subject of careful and regular monitoring.

Long-term acupuncture treatment has a multitargeting regulation on multiple brain regions in rats with Alzheimer＇s disease：a positron emission tomography study

The acute effect of acupuncture on Alzheimer＇s disease,i.e.,on brain activation during treatment,has been reported.However,the effect of long-term acupuncture on brain activation in Alzheimer＇s disease is unclear.Therefore,in this study,we performed long-term needling at Zusanli（ST36）or a sham point（1.5 mm lateral to ST36）in a rat Alzheimer＇s disease model,for 30 minutes,once per day,for 30 days.The rats underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scanning.Positron emission tomography images were processed with SPM2.The brain areas activated after needling at ST36 included the left hippocampus,the left orbital cortex,the left infralimbic cortex,the left olfactory cortex,the left cerebellum and the left pons.In the sham-point group,the activated regions were similar to those in the ST36 group.However,the ST36 group showed greater activation in the cerebellum and pons than the sham-point group.These findings suggest that long-term acupuncture treatment has targeted regulatory effects on multiple brain regions in rats with Alzheimer＇s disease.

Thermomechanical analysis of long-term global modal and local deformation measurements of the Kishwaukee Bridge using the bootstrap

In this paper we present a comparative analysis of global frequency and local deformation data for a large concrete bridge. The asymptotic probability distributions of the central statistics are presented, and compared with empirical bootstrap estimates. Bootstrapped distributions are calculated from reference data obtained during 1999–2000 and used to develop change-point alarm criteria for the structure, using reasonable sensitivity measures developed from FEM simulations and structural analysis. The implications of the frequency data are discussed in conjunction with the strain and displacement measurements in order to discern if the load carrying capacity of the bridge has been affected. The critical need for more advanced temperature compensation models for large structures continually in thermal disequilibrium is discussed.

尼妥珠单抗联合放化疗治疗局部晚期头颈部恶性肿瘤的临床效果

目的分析局部晚期头颈部恶性肿瘤实施尼妥珠单抗+放化疗治疗的价值。方法选取滕州市中心人民医院于2021年11月—2022年11月收治的72例局部晚期头颈部恶性肿瘤患者为研究对象,依掷骰子分为基础组和综合组,每组36例,基础组行放化疗,综合组加用尼妥珠单抗,对比两组的近远期疗效和不良反应。结果综合组的临床缓解率(58.33%),和临床控制率(88.89%)均高于基础组(30.56%、66.67%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.625、5.143,P=0.018、0.023)。随访1年后综合组生存率(80.56%)高于基础组(58.33%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组各项不良反应反应率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论放化疗时辅以尼妥珠单抗治疗不会增加不良反应,且能维持高缓解率和控制率,提升远期生存率,适用于局部晚期头颈部恶性肿瘤患者。

基于购买漏斗模型的多渠道网络广告效应研究

从企业发起渠道(firm-initiated contacts,FICs)和客户发起渠道(customer-initiated contacts,CICs)两方面,探讨了不同网络广告的短期及长期效应。通过对网络广告短期效应和长期效应的综合测评,以期为企业营销合理分配广告预算提供实践指导。实证研究发现,从短期来看,FICs品牌型广告的即时效应最大,从长期来看,FICs广告有着最强的长期累积效应,特别是短信广告。FICs广告的效应持续时间比CICs广告的效应持续时间更长。CICs品牌型搜索广告在首页访问阶段产生了更高的效应,CICs通用型搜索广告在主页访问和详情页访问阶段的效应较为相近,而FICs广告能更有效地吸引客户转到特定的产品详情页面。

高职院校构建制止餐饮浪费长效机制的实效管理研究

高职院校食堂是粮食消费的重点场所,通过着力构建制止餐饮浪费长效机制,增强制止餐饮浪费工作的实效性,为国家粮食节约尽一份力量。本文立足实际工作,分析了构建制止餐饮浪费长效机制的实效管理的内涵、意义、内容及重点,并提出了制止餐饮浪费长效机制实效管理的工作策略。

家庭住房负担对流动人口生育行为的影响——基于个体和流入地多层线性模型的检验

能否揭示住房负担对流动人口生育行为的影响机制是促进住房市场和人口和谐发展、提振生育的关键所在。在构建住房负担与流动人口生育行为关系模型基础上,采用能将流动人口微观个体和流入地宏观特征相联结的多层嵌套模型,检验住房负担对流动人口生育行为的影响及长期居住意愿在其中的重要作用。在此基础上,分别按结婚时间、第一胎性别将样本分组,剖析二者关系的异质规律。研究发现:住房负担加重是流动人口生育低迷的重要原因,且流入地的人均GDP会强化其对流动人口生育的抑制作用;长期居住意愿在住房负担对流动人口生育行为的影响中起到了部分中介作用,住房负担加重造成流动人口社会融入感和长期居住意愿下降,进一步加剧生育抑制效应;住房负担对流动人口生育行为的影响会随流动人口结婚时间长短、第一胎性别的不同而呈现异质性特征。

长期护理保险对中老年家庭储蓄率的影响:基于预期效应的视角

基于中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2011—2018年的4期面板数据,采用双重差分模型检验了长期护理保险对中老年家庭储蓄率的影响。研究发现,长期护理保险可以起到降低中老年家庭储蓄率、刺激中老年家庭消费的作用,此结论在一系列有效性检验和稳健性检验之下仍然成立。进一步研究发现,长期护理保险降低中老年家庭储蓄率的主要渠道是预期效应,而不是收入效应或支出效应。这意味着大多数中老年家庭在没有实际使用长期护理保险的情况下,就已经产生了足以减弱预防性储蓄动机的预期效应,说明推广长期护理保险是一种低成本的促消费政策。要更大程度上发挥长期护理保险的作用,需要进一步扩大长期护理保险的覆盖面,鼓励居民实际使用长期护理保险,以全方位发挥收入效应、支出效应和预期效应对中老年家庭消费的刺激作用。