Long-term results of paclitaxel plus cisplatin with concurrent radiotherapy for loco-regional esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM To evaluate the long-term effectiveness and late toxicities of paclitaxel(PTX) plus cisplatin(DDP) with concurrent radiotherapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cancer.METHODS Between 2008 and 2011, 76 patients were enrolled in a phase Ⅱ study on the treatment of loco-regionally advanced esophageal cancer with radiotherapy(68.4 Gy/44 fractions or 61.2 Gy/34 fractions) combined with 4-cycle chemotherapy consisting of DDP(25 mg/m^2 per day for 3 d) and PTX(175 mg/m^2 for 3 h). The primary endpoints were overall survival and progression-free survival, and the secondary endpoints were toxicity and the treatment failure pattern.RESULTS A total of 76 patients were enrolled in this study, of whom 63.2% finished the whole regimen. The 5-year survival rates for the per-protocol population and intent-to-treat population were 25.4% and 26.4%, respectively, and the median survival rates were 23.7 mo and 28.5 mo, respectively. Grade 3 or 4 late toxicity was observed in only one patient(heart failure). In log-rank analysis, the pretreatment stage(stage Ⅱ + Ⅲ: 36.1 mo vs stage Ⅳ: 14.9 mo) and the completed cycle(1-3 cycles: 16.1 mo vs 4 cycles: 35.5 mo) were significant prognostic factors(P = 0.037 < 0.05 and P = 0.013 < 0.05).CONCLUSION Radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy consisting of PTX and DDP is a safe and effective definitive treatment for loco-regionally advanced esophageal squamous cancer.

Responses of vegetation cover to the Grain for Green Program and their driving forces in the He-Long region of the middle reaches of the Yellow River

The implementation of the Grain for Green Program is a great breakthrough in the history of China＇s ecological environment construction,which can control soil erosion effectively,increase land productivity and improve the ecological environment.To investigate the eco-environmental benefits brought by the Grain for Green Program,the spatiotemporal variations of vegetation cover in the growing season from 2000 to 2010 across the Hekou-Longmen （He-Long） region were analyzed by using remote sensing information,meteorological data and land use data.Moreover,the impacts of climate and human activities on vegetation change were evaluated objectively.Annual vegetation cover in the growing season increased very significantly.Increased vegetation cover occurred in 98.7％ of the region,of which the area for vegetation cover improved slightly constituted 79.8％ of the whole area.Vegetation moderately improved was mainly distributed in the south of the He-Long region,covering 9.6％ of the area,and the area for vegetation basically unchanged concentrated in the middle and upper reaches of the Wuding River.Precipitation was found to be an important natural factor influencing vegetation cover change.The area of vegetation cover showing a significantly positive correlation with precipitation occupied 22.14％ of the region.As driven by policies from the Grain for Green Program,forestland increased significantly and land use structure became more intensive.Human activities played a positive and effective role in the protection,restoration and improvement of vegetation in the places where vegetation cover was basically unchanged,even though precipitation declined greatly,and vegetation improved moderately with massive increases of forestland and grassland.

Statistical Transformation Indicators of Short-Term to Long-Term Using Flood Regional Coefficients (Case Study: East Azarbaijan Province, Iran)

Changing contexts in a long-term and short-term perspective should be managed within an integrated risk management framework that accounts for both temporary management strategies and permanent preventive measures to reduce the impact of natural hazard processes. In this study, statistical transformation indicators of short-term (20 year) to long-term (30 year) used flood regional coefficients. After the tests of data validation and the reconstruction of missing and outlier data, the data of 18 hydrometric stations were completed for 30 years (1985 to 2014). In the next phase, the return period values were prepared for 20-year and 30-year statistical periods (1985 to 2004 and 1985 to 2014) using the HYFA software. Thus the 20-year to 30-year ratio for various return period discharges obtained and these dimensionless values were plotted for the return periods of 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 years, also fitted the logarithmic trend line and the values of coefficients of the relationship were obtained. The statistics including average, standard deviation, coefficient of variation (CV), skewness coefficient (CS) and Kurtosis coefficient (CK) were calculated for 20-year data period for each station and we identified the statistics as independent parameters and the coefficients of A and B as dependent parameter, thus analyzed using linear multivariate regression, and regional factors were obtained. In the hydrometric station with 17-027 code, the discharge using the regional factors was calculated and compared with the discharge values of 30 years data. The results showed that there is little difference between the observed and estimated values from regional factors thus this method can be used in projects that require at least 30 years of data.

龙氏整脊手法联合针刺董氏奇穴治疗椎动脉型颈椎病的临床效果

目的探讨龙氏整脊手法联合针刺董氏奇穴治疗椎动脉型颈椎病的临床效果。方法选取2017年1月至2022年12月兴宁市人民医院中医康复科收治的50例椎动脉型颈椎病患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组(针刺董氏奇穴)和治疗组(龙氏整脊手法联合针刺董氏奇穴),每组25例。比较两组的治疗效果。结果治疗后,治疗组的功能、躯体评分及总分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组的数字评定量表(NRS)评分低于对照组,健康状况调查问卷(SF-36)评分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组的治疗显效率及总有效率高于对照组,治疗无效率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论龙氏整脊手法联合针刺董氏奇穴治疗椎动脉型颈椎病患者的临床效果显著,不仅可改善患者的眩晕、头痛症状,还能进一步提升生活质量。

定向长钻孔区域压裂技术在深埋煤层顶板卸压的应用

为了对深部工作面顶板有效卸压,避免回采时顶板来压产生巨大的冲击载荷,降低冲击危险性,针对浅孔水力压裂卸压因深度和钻孔角度限制,压裂区域难以有效作用到整个回采工作面的上覆岩层区域的问题,以雅店煤矿ZF1407工作面为背景,采用定向长钻孔水力区域压裂技术对顶板进行预裂,改变围岩深部应力状态和能量积聚程度,以达到控制巷道围岩变形和高效卸压的效果。研究结果表明:压裂前后压裂层位内部裂隙分布发生了较大的变化,压裂岩层中产生了大量裂隙。微震事件分布向工作面聚拢,工作面超前分布距离降低80%,微震事件单日总能量平均值降低63.3%,微震事件单日总频次平均值降低72.5%。长钻孔区域压裂技术对厚硬岩层进行压裂控制,能够降低厚硬岩层的破断步距和能量释放强度,有利于减弱厚硬岩层破断失稳对下伏回采空间的冲击作用,卸压效果明显。

Paleozoic Tectono-Metallogeny in the Tianshan-Altay Region,Central Asia

The research on Paleozoic tectonics and endogenic metallogeny in the Tianshan-Altay region of Central Asia is an important and significant project. The Altay region, as a collision zone of the Early Paleozoic （500-397 Ma）, and the Tianshan region, as a collision zone of the early period in the Late Paleozoic （Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous, 385-323 Ma）, are all the result of nearly N-S trending shortening and collision （according to recent magnetic orientation）. In the Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous period （385-323 Ma）, regional NW trending faults displayed features of dextral strike-slip motion in the Altay and Junggar regions. In the Tianshan region, nearly EW-trending regional faults are motions of the thrusts. However, in the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian period （323-260 Ma）, influenced by the long-distance effect induced from the Ural collision zone, those areas suffered weaker eastward compression, the existing NW trending faults converted into sinistral strike-slip in the Altay and Junggar regions, and the existing nearly E-W trending faults transferred into dextral strike-slip faults in the Tianshan region. The Rocks of those regions in the Late Carboniferous-Early Permian period （323-260 Ma） were moderately ruptured to a certain tension-shear, and thus formed a number of world famous giant endogenic metal ore deposits in the Tianshan-Altay region. As to the Central Asian continent, the most powerful collision period may not coincide with the most favorable endogenic metallogenic period. It should be treated to ＂the orogenic metallogeny hypothesis＂ with caution in that region.

Crust and Upper Mantle Electrical Resistivity Structure in the Panxi Region of the Eastern Tibetan Plateau and Its Significance

The Panxi region is located in the frontal zone of positive squeezing subduction and side squeezing shearing between the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate. The long-period magnetotelluric （LMT） and broadband magnetotelluric （MT） techniques are both used to study the deep electrical conductivity structure in this region; magnetic and gravity surveys are also performed along the profile. According to the 2-D resistivity model along the Yanyuan-Yongshan profile, a high- conductivity layer （HCL） exists widely in the crust, and a high-resistivity block （HRB） exists widely in the upper mantle in general, as seen by the fact that a large HCL exists from the western Jinpingshan tectonic zone to the eastern Mabian tectonic zone in the crust, while the HRB found in the Panxi tectonic zone is of abnormally high resistivity in that background compared to both sides of Panxi tectonic zone. In addition, the gravity and magnetic field anomalies are of high value. Combined with geological data, the results indicate that there probably exists basic or ultrabasic rock with a large thickness in the lithosphere in the Panxi axial region, which indicates that fracture activity once occurred in the lithosphere. As a result, we can infer that the high-resistivity zone in the Panxi lithosphere is the eruption channel for Permian Emeishan basalt and the accumulation channel for basic and ultrabasic rock. The seismic sources along the profile are counted according to seismic record data. The results indicate that the most violent earthquake sources are located at the binding site of the HRB and the HCL, where the tectonic activity zone is generally acknowledged to be; however, the earthquakes occurring in the HCL are not so violent, which reflects the fact that the HCL is a plastic layer, and the fracture threshold of a plastic layer is low generally, making high stress difficult to accumulate but easy to release in the layer. As a result, a higher number of smaller earthquakes occurred in the HCL at Daliangshan tectonic zone, and violent earthquakes occurred at the binding site of high- and low-resistivity blocks at the Panxi tectonic zone.

Recent Strengthening of the Regional Hadley Circulation over the Western Pacific during Boreal Spring

Previous studies suggested that there are large discrepancies in the intensity trend of the zonally averaged Hadley circulation (ZAHC) among different reanalyses. As the land, ocean, and topography are not evenly distributed, the ZAHC may mask the regional variability. Changes in the regional HC have important implications for regional climate change. Here, we detect the long-term trend of the boreal spring regional Hadley circulation intensity over the western Pacific (WPHC) since 1979 in both hemispheres using six reanalysis datasets. Unlike the ZAHC, we find that the trend of the spring WPHC intensity is consistent among various reanalysis datasets. All reanalyses show pronounced strengthening trends for the WPHC in both the Northern and Southern Hemisphere, which may be partly attributable to the robust warming trends of sea surface temperature in the tropical western Pacific. The result could improve our understanding of Hadley circulation variability at the regional scale and has implications for regional climate changes.

Geochemistry of upper Permian siliceous rocks from the Lower Yangtze region, southeastern China:implications for the origin of chert and Permian ocean chemistry

The Permian Chert Event is of great significance to understanding the geological evolution of the entire Permian; however,the origin of widespread chert formation is debated. We report new geochemical data from deep-marine siliceous rocks of the upper Permian Da-long Formation, Lower Yangtze region, southeastern China. Their geochemical results show that these thin-bedded siliceous rocks have a clear biologic origin, with rare to no evidence of hydrothermal influence. The values of Al/(Al + Fe + Mn) and Eu/Eu~* are 0.60-0.84(mean = 0.72) and 0.45-1.08(mean = 0.77), respectively, and Mn/Ti ratios are relatively low(mean = 0.72). The correlations of LaN/CeN, LaN/YbN, and Fe203/Ti02 with Al_2 O_3/(Al_2 O_3 + Fe_2 O_3), along with the Ce anomaly, indicate that the Da-long siliceous rocks were deposited at a transitional zone between a continental margin and the open ocean; i.e., relatively close to terrestrial sediment input and far from hydrothermal activity. The accumulation of chert is related to its unique paleogeographic location in an equatorial setting with many submarine paleo-highlands.Intense upwelling and frequent local volcanism are the main factors that promoted the development of siliceous rocks in the studied area. Ocean acidification triggered by large-scale volcanism(Large Igneous Province) during the late Permian led to extensive silica precipitation and preservation.

远距离和遮挡下三维目标检测算法研究

针对现有三维目标检测算法对存在遮挡及距离较远目标检测效果差的问题,以基于点云的三维目标检测算法(3D object proposal generation and detection from point cloud,PointRCNN)为基础,对网络进行改进,提高三维目标检测精度。对区域生成网络(region proposal network,RPN)获取的提议区域(region of interest,ROI)体素化处理,同时构建不同尺度的区域金字塔来捕获更加广泛的兴趣点;加入点云Transformer模块来增强对网格中心点局部特征的学习;在网络中加入球查询半径预测模块,使得模型可以根据点云密度自适应调整球查询的范围。最后,对所提算法的有效性进行了试验验证,在KITTI数据集下对模型的性能进行评估测试,同时设计相应的消融试验验证模型中各模块的有效性。

基于可解释机器学习的黄河源区径流分期组合预报

黄河源区是黄河流域重要的产流区和我国重要的清洁能源基地,提高黄河源区径流预报准确率可为流域水资源科学调配和水风光清洁能源高效利用提供重要支撑。以黄河源区唐乃亥和玛曲水文站为研究对象,基于不同月份径流组分的差异,考虑积雪覆盖率及融雪水当量变化,构建了中长期径流分期组合机器学习预报模型及其可解释性分析框架。研究结果表明:1)年内的径流预报时段可划分为融雪影响期(3—6月)和非融雪主导(以降雨和地下水补给为主)期(7月—次年2月);2)与传统不分期模型相比,唐乃亥站和玛曲站分期组合预报模型的纳什效率系数分别达0.897、0.835,确定系数(R2)分别达0.897、0.839,均方根误差分别降低了10%、17%,提高了径流预报准确率,通过分位数映射校正,唐乃亥站和玛曲站预报模型的R2分别进一步提升至0.926和0.850;3)基于SHAP机器学习可解释性分析框架,辨识了预报因子对径流预报结果的贡献程度,由高到低依次为降水、前一个月流量、蒸发、气温、相对湿度、融雪水当量等,发现了不同预报因子之间交互作用散点分布具有拖尾式或阶跃式的特征。

基于长短时记忆网络的山区中小流域降雨径流模拟

洪水预报是流域防洪减灾的重要非工程措施之一。目前我国中小河流暴雨洪水灾害频发,但应对短历时强降雨的洪水预报能力仍不强。以安徽省东部山区中小流域为研究对象,引入长短时记忆网络建立流域降雨径流模型,探讨其在山区中小流域的洪水模拟效果。结果表明,考虑降雨输入的空间差异可提升深度学习模型降雨径流模拟预测性能,且长短时记忆网络能够取得优于传统人工神经网络的精度;长短时记忆网络模型有效建立了流域降雨与径流间的复杂非线性关系,模型在所选流域内场次洪水的峰值模拟效果较好,训练、测试集场次洪水峰值合格率均在90%以上;长短时记忆网络内部结构特征与流域水文过程具有较好的相似性,对山区中小流域暴雨洪水非线性关系拟合效果突出。

“流空间-场所空间”视角下长征国家文化公园区域文化景观体系构建

【目的】构建区域文化景观体系,并探讨旅游流空间与场所空间的相互作用关系,以指导长征国家文化公园区域主题展示区的空间组织模式优化。【方法】通过“流空间-场所空间”视角,提出区域文化景观体系的空间结构要素,并运用社会网络分析识别区域旅游流网络结构特征。【结果】旅游流空间为场所空间提供感知需求,而场所空间为旅游流提供行为目标,这种相互作用关系体现了区域文化景观体系的空间结构的功能与价值两大特征;可通过“流—网—链—域—场—点”6个空间结构要素构建区域文化景观体系,并应用“斑块—廊道—节点”模式划定区域主题展示区;长征国家文化公园延安段可划分出6个主题展示区,其中甘泉县包含1个重点展示园、1条集中展示带和2个特色展示点。【结论】在“流空间-场所空间”视角下,区域文化景观体系构建要进一步挖掘区域性特征,而区域主题展示区的空间组织模式应综合考虑供需两侧的现实需求。这些发现为区域文化景观空间功能的研究提供了理论视角与体系结构,可对长征国家文化公园的具体建设提供直接支持。

长距离地下通道的无人装备定位方法

无人装备在地铁隧道、煤矿坑道等地下长距离通道工作时,处于无卫星定位信号、弱光照的环境中,依靠常规方法获取定位坐标存在难度大、误差大、成本高等问题。基于由若干个UWB定位基站构成的定位单元,提出了一种适用于长距离地下通道而且高性价比的定位方法。首先,提出了一种具有高性价比的定位拓扑构型;其次,针对无人装备可能在地下通道中任意位置,研究了初始定位的方法;然后,针对无人装备经过定位单元信号辖区交汇区域时存在的定位单元切换问题,提出了一种动态切换系数方法。测试实验表明:标准矩形的定位单元拓扑比直角三角形、偏π形的拓扑具有更高的定位精度;沿着长距离地下通道采用间断方式布局定位单元的构型比连续布局定位基站的构型具有更高的性价比,且在通道任意位置均达到定位误差δ≤±25 cm的设计要求,定位单元间距小于60 m;在长度为5 km的地下通道中,采用二叉树遍历查找法获取初始定位的用时平均为16 s左右;在信号辖区交汇区域,采用提出的方法切换定位单元,无人装备获取的定位数据无突变,显著减少了定位数据突变对无人装备的冲击。所提出的定位方法可应用于无人装备在长距离地下通道中全自主执行任务。

帝师八思巴与河西陇右佛教

元朝,帝师八思巴曾先后长期驻锡凉州、临洮等地,继而对河西陇右佛教,乃至我国西北、西南地区皆产生了深远影响。该文着重探讨了这一历史时期,八思巴于河西陇右之地的弘法活动及其与汉、藏、蒙古等多民族的友好交流交融;同时综合政治、军事、文化等多重因素,系统剖析了八思巴获封帝师后即出居临洮的缘由。

下颌后牙区垂直骨量不足的解决方案

下颌后牙区垂直向骨增量技术敏感性高、并发症多,选择何种技术国内外均没有达成共识,关于垂直骨增量后种植修复体的长期效果缺乏大样本量、高质量的临床研究。本文系统性回顾了各种垂直骨增量技术的并发症和长期效果,结合作者多年的临床经验提出了临床术式选择建议,为临床决策提供了参考依据。

新疆农田和荒漠生态系统土壤有机碳储量及其影响因素

基于中国生态系统研究网络(CERN)长期监测数据,选取新疆维吾尔自治区代表暖温带干旱区的绿洲农田生态系统(阿克苏站)、代表暖温带荒漠区(策勒站)以及温带荒漠区(阜康站)的绿洲农田和荒漠生态系统综合观测场、辅助观测场和农户调查点2005—2020年0—100 cm土层的土壤有机碳(SOC)储量数据,分析新疆农田和荒漠生态系统SOC储量的影响因素。研究结果表明,2005—2020年0—100 cm土层SOC总储量平均值为阿克苏站(5.17 kg/m^(2))>阜康站(4.20 kg/m^(2))>策勒站(2.96 kg/m^(2))。0—20 cm、20—40 cm、40—60 cm土层的SOC分别约占0—100 cm土层储量的27.3%—35.3%、23.1%—24.6%和15.8%—17.5%。在阿克苏站,施肥量最高、灌溉量最低的农户调查点SOC储量最高;而在策勒站和阜康站,农户调查点和辅助观测场的施肥和灌溉措施分别最有利于提高SOC储量。总体来看,土壤含水量、地上生物量与SOC储量呈正相关关系;年平均气温与0—40 cm土层的SOC储量呈负相关关系。在单一生态站的生态系统尺度,年平均气温与SOC储量相关性不显著;地上生物量与策勒站和阜康站的SOC储量呈正相关关系,但是与阿克苏站0—40 cm土层的SOC储量呈负相关关系;施纯钾量与策勒站0—60 cm土层的SOC储量呈正相关关系,但与阜康站40—100 cm土层的SOC储量呈负相关关系。总之,与自然状态下的荒漠和农田不施肥相比,灌溉和施肥的农田管理措施有利于增加干旱区SOC储量。不同生态站要根据自身区域特点制定合理的农田管理模式,以维持较高的SOC储量。

基于历史天气的区域电网负荷预测

随着社会经济的迅速发展,人们对电能的需要日益增加,但是在电网运行中,常常会出现电力产能过剩或者不足的情况,为保证电力系统安全稳定、经济运行,就必须掌握各种区域电网负荷的变化规律和发展趋势。论文对重庆市区供电分公司供电区域电网中长期负荷进行预测,提出一种预测区域电网中长期负荷的方法,即一种基于前12个月历史天气条件和区域电网负荷关联关系的多元非线性拟合的特征参数因子曲线的中长期负荷预测方法,建立基于不同算法的多种预测模型,通过归一化处理,得到的区域电网中长期负荷预测的精度高,与实际区域电网负荷之间的误差小,对于区域电网中长期负荷预测分析具有重要参考利用价值。