A white long-lasting phosphor Y_2O_2S:Tb^(3+), Sm^(3+): an improvement of Y_2O_2S:Tb^(3+)

As an improvement of reported Y2O2S：Tb^3＋, a white-light long-lasting phosphor： Y2O2S：Tb^3＋, Sm^3＋ was prepared by the solid-state reaction. The photo-luminescence spectra showed that the position and shape of Tb^3＋ and Sm^3＋ emissions under UV excitation were similar in this host, which ensured a stable white emission color （daylight standard of IEC） under different excitations. The decay curves of co-doped samples indicated that the decay times of emissions of the two ions were close. The thermo-luminescence measurement suggested that the traps created by the doped Sm^3＋ ions were helpful to postpone the white afterglow of co-doped samples. Therefore, the function of co-doped Sm^3＋ ions was confirmed as improving the white emission colors of samples and acting as new trap centers.

A Novel White Light Emitting Long-lasting Phosphor

A novel white light emitting long-lasting phosphor Cd1-xDyxSiO3 is reported in this letter. The Dy3+ doped CdSiO3 phosphor emits white light. The phosphorescence can be seen with the naked eye in the dark clearly even after the 254 nm UV irradiation have been removed for about 30 min. In the emission spectrum of 5% Dy3+ doped CdSiO3 phosphor, there are two emission peaks of Dy3+, 580 nm (4F9/26H13/2) and 486 nm (4F9/26H15/2), as well as a broad band emission located at about 410 nm. All the three emissions form a white light with CIE chromaticity coordinates x=0.3874, y=0.3760 and the color temperature is 4000 K under 254 nm excitation. It indicated that this phosphor is a promising new luminescent material for practice application.

Photo-luminescence properties and thermo-luminescence curve analysis of a new white long-lasting phosphor: Ca_2MgSi_2O_7:Dy^(3+)

A white long-lasting phosphor Ca2MgSi2O7:Dy3+ was prepared by the solid-state reaction. A strong band peaked at 260 nm was shown in the excitation spectrum of 578 nm emission, which might be attributed to the oxygen deficiency of the host. After irradiated with 254 nm for 4 min, the white afterglow of the sample could be seen for 3 h. Moreover, the depths and frequency factors of trap centers were calculated from the thermo-luminescence curve of the sample, which indicated that the trap centers corresponding to the 414 K band were more helpful to the long-lasting phosphorescence.

Characterization of Y_2O_2S∶Eu ^(3+), Mg^(2+), Ti^(4+) Long-Lasting Phosphor Synthesized by Flux Method

Long-lasting phosphor Y2O2S ： Eu^3＋ , Mg^2＋ , Ti^4＋ was synthesized by a flux method and their luminescence properties were investigated. The result indicates that the unit cell parameter c is linearly increased with the increase of Eu2O3 content in Y2O2S： Eu^3＋ （0.01 ≤ x ≤0.10）. On the other hand, the change of unit cell parameter a is not linear dependence. In the Y2O2S： Eu^3 ＋ crystal structure, Eu^3＋ ions only replaced Y^3 ＋ ions＇ places in which it posited center position of c axis. With the increase of Eu2O3 content, the position of the strongest emission peak changed from 540 nm （5D1→^ 7F2 transition） to 626 nm （^5Do→^7TF2 transition）, and the maximum intensity was obtained when x = 0.09 in Y2O2S： Eu^3＋ （0.01 ≤x ≤0.10）. This is due to the environment of trivalent europium in the crystal structure of Y2O2S. Doping with Mg^2＋ or Ti^4＋. ions alone cannot get the good long-lasting afterglow effect, whereas co-doping with Mg^2 ＋ and Ti^4 ＋ ions and excited with 365 nm ultraviolet light, a strong thermoluminesence peak appeared, red and orange long-lasting phosphorescence （LLP） was also observed and the phosphorescence lasted nearly 3 h in the light perception of the dark-adapted human eye （0.32 mcd·m^-2）. Thus the LLP mechanism was analyzed.

Evaluation of Control Effects against Sugarcane Pests：A New Sustained-release and Long-lasting Pesticide and Convenient and Efficient Pesticide Application Technology

[Objective]The paper was to screen a new ideal sustained-release,long-lasting and low-toxic pesticide and convenient and efficient pesticide application technology for controlling Ceratovacuna lanigera and Baliathrips serratus. [Method]2% Imidacloprid GR were selected and applied in the soil for field efficacy trial. [Result] The optimum dosage of 2% imidacloprid GR was 30 kg/hm^2（ active ingredient 600 g）,which can be mixed with fertilizer（ 30 kg pesticide and 40-80 kg fertilizer per hm^2） once combined with sugarcane planting management or big ridging during February and June. The control effects against C. lanigera and B. serratus could be more than 98. 2% and 81. 1%,respectively. The actual yield and sugar content in various pesticide treatments were increased by 33 390 kg/hm^2 and 6. 6% respectively compared to blank control. [Conclusion]2% imidacloprid GR has good control effects on C. lanigera and B. serratus. It is a new pesticide with ideal sustained-release,long-lasting and low-toxin effects against C. lanigera and B. serratus. Therefore,it could be used alternatively with other pesticides,to delay production and development of drug resistance.

Effects of Host Doping on Spectral and Long-Lasting Properties of Sm^(3+)-Doped Y_2O_2S

Gd- or Lu-doped long afterglow red phosphor Y2O2S：Sm^3＋ was synthesized using the high temperature flux fusion method. The obtained phosphors were analyzed using X-ray diffraction to determine the crystal structure, and the phase analyses show that the product is in single phase. The luminescence spectra and decay curve were measured on a Hitachi F-4500 fluorescence spectrophotometer. The decay time was determined on an ST-900PM weak light photometer. The analyses show that host doping of Lu improves both luminescence and decay time of the materials. The concentration of doped Lu and Sm was varied in order to determine the optimal condition and to synthesize the product with the best properties. The mechanism of the long afterglow was also briefly discussed.

Preparation of Long-Lasting Phosphorescence (LLP) Glass-Ceramic Materials

Three kinds of glass-ceramics, i.e., Mn 2+ doped zinc borosilicate, Eu 2+, Dy 3+ co-doped strontium aluminoborate and Eu 2+, Nd 3+ co-doped calcium aluminoborate were prepared, whose phosphorescence emission band peaks at 525, 516 and 464 nm, respectively. In preparation of these glass-ceramics the base glasses were gained by heating the mixed starting materials at high temperature to get the transparent glasses; then those glasses were heat-treated and turned to opaque glass-ceramics. X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows that the crystallites are ZnSiO 4, SrAl 2O 4 and α-CaAl 2B 2O 7, respectively. It is a useful way to get new LLP materials by the method reported in this work that may be considered as “from glass to crystal”.

Montanide ISA-720 and Naloxone in HBsAg Vaccine Formulation:Cytokine Profiling and Monitoring of Long-Lasting Humoral Immune Responses

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effects of Montanide ISA-720 and Naloxone(NLX)in Hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)vaccine formulation on cytokine and long-lasting antibody responses.Methods First,the HBsAg was formulated in Montanide ISA-720 adjuvant and Naloxone at 5 and 10mg/kg.The experimental mice were immunized three times at a 2-week interval,and then IL-4,IL-2,TNF-α,and IFN-γcytokines;long-lasting IgG antibody responses 220 days after the last shot;and IgG1/IgG2a isotypes were assessed by ELISA.Results The HBsAg-Alum group exhibited the highest IL-4 cytokine response among the experimental groups,whereas NLX in HBsAg-MON720 vaccine formulation did not affect cytokine responses.In addition,NLX in Alum-based vaccine suppressed IL-4 cytokine response and increased the IL-2/IL-4 cytokine ratio.Moreover,HBsAg-MON720 was more potent than HBsAg-Alum in the induction of antibody responses,and NLX in Alum-and MON720-based vaccines induced long-lasting antibody responses.Conclusion NLX in Alum-based vaccine decreased IL-4 cytokine response,increased IL-2/IL-4 cytokine ratio,and improved long-lasting humoral immune responses in both vaccine formulations.Therefore,the adjuvant activity of NLX in the vaccine formulation depends on the type of adjuvant and the nature of the antigen in the vaccine formulation.

Wash resistance and bio-efficacy of Olyset~? Plus, a long-lasting insecticide-treated mosquito net with synergist against malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi

Objective: To determine the wash resistance of Olyset~? Plus using World Health Organization Pesticide Evaluation Scheme standard washing procedure and to assess the value of knock down and mortality rates of Anopheles stephensi at different regimens of long lasting insecticide treated nets washings.Methods: The study was conducted at the Bioassay Laboratory of Culicidae Insectary,School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The net was made of polyester impregnated with permethrin and piperonyl butoxide at a ratio of 2:1. The washing resistance was assessed using Le Chat?soap and a shaker incubator set at a speed of 155 r/min, 30℃ for 10 min. The cone bioassay test was carried out according to World Health Organization recommended guideline with tolerant field strain of female Anopheles stephensi to pyrethroids.Results: The knockdown and mortality rates of female mosquitoes exposed to Olyset~? Plus from un-washed nets to 2 washings were 79.7% and 88.8% respectively. Mortality was dropped to zero while active ingredient estimated 0.532 mg/100 cm^2 to 0.481 mg/100 cm^2 after 15 washings. A positive correlation was seen between residues of permethrin on nets, knockdown rate and mortality rate of female Anopheles stephensi exposed to different regimes of washed Olyset~? Plus(r = 0.954, P = 0.001).Conclusions: It is recommended that a preliminary survey conducted on resistance level of Anopheles vectors before the distribution of Olyset~? Plus in malaria endemic communities.

A Placebo-Controlled Study Demonstrates the Long-Lasting Anti-Aging Benefits of a Cream Containing Retinol, DihydroxyMethylChromone (DMC) and Hyaluronic Acid

Retinol is an ingredient used in cosmetic products for reducing the appearance of the signs of aging and photo-damage. Currently, most of these products contain 0.1% of retinol. However, at this concentration, some irritation can occur. We have evaluated in vitro and in a clinical study the potential efficacy of a combination of actives to improve the facial skin aging signs while using low concentration of retinol. We demonstrated, in vitro, that a chromone derivative, 5,7-di-hydroxy-2-methyl chromone (DMC), is able to enhance the collagen synthesis in culture of normal human dermal fibroblasts. The enhancement of retinol anti-wrinkle efficacy by DMC was confirmed in a small scale clinical trial. Specifically, a product associating low concentration of retinol (0.04%) and DMC (0.1%) in combination with low molecular weight hyaluronic acid fragments (50,000 Dalton of average molecular weight) has been applied topically for 8 weeks. Clinical results show significant improvement of various signs of facial skin aging such as wrinkles, pigmentary spots, tone unevenness, dullness and the overall photo-damage score. Improvements were still visible 4 weeks after the cessation of the test product application. This study demonstrates that significant lasting improvement of facial skin aging can be obtained with well tolerated low concentration of retinol when adequately formulated with other anti-aging ingredients.

The Life Course of a Long-Lasting Affection Medium:A Fieldwork Based on the Communication Practice of the Rural Loudspeakers in North China

The loudspeakers played a crucial role in rural community during the COVID-19 pandemic,and had returned to the public with the help of short video platforms.However,with the continued popularity of digital media,is the revival of the loudspeakers which belong to traditional media just a flash in the pan?What the historic process of return has the loudspeakers undergone?Based on these questions,the paper applies Bourdieu’s sense of practice theory,focuses on“habit”throughout,adopts the research methods of online ethnography and fieldwork,and conducts participant observation and targeted in-depth interviews in a village in North China for about nine months.The study found that:(1)There is the lag of habit in the state’s handling of social relations in villages.Based on rational habit,village cadres used the loudspeakers to manifest their physical presence and restructure their authority;the villagers,operating under perceptual habit,rationalized the presence of the loudspeakers through using the key words such as elders,nostalgia,and homesickness;(2)the loudspeakers was maintained under the habit of village cadres and ordinary villagers,and the outbreak of the epidemic made the loudspeakers as an habit truly“appearing”;(3)the young village cadres,on the other hand,acquired this habit through imitation,transposed the loudspeakers into the short video platform,and carried out different forms of experimentation and innovation,thus surpassing the previous forms of loudspeakers practice.The return of the loudspeakers is the result of the game of different habits.As a long-lasting affection medium,the loudspeakers,on the one hand,has become an important media scene and memory field indispensable to rural community,and on the other hand,the people living on this land have a deep attachment to the loudspeakers,which is indirectly transformed into the bearer of homesickness.This brings new inspiration for us to rethink the relationship between the traditional media and the new media,the iteration of cadres and the change of rural community.

0.1%氯吡脲对甜瓜产量和品质的影响

0 .1%氯吡脲可溶性液剂 2 0 0、10 0、50倍 3种剂量涂抹甜瓜幼果可显著提高座瓜率 ,从而提高甜瓜产量 ,同时明显增加甜瓜含糖率。

局限期小细胞肺癌化疗联合加速超分割放疗疗效初步分析

背景与目的:局限期小细胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer,SCLC)对放疗和化疗均敏感。放疗可提高局限期SCLC患者总生存率,降低局部复发率。本研究总结在化疗基础上应用加速超分割放射治疗(hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy,HART)对局限期SCLC的疗效,评价相关治疗毒性,归纳治疗失败方式。方法:55例局限期SCLC患者经过EP方案诱导化疗,放疗后再以EP方案巩固化疗,完全缓解(complete remission,CR)者行预防性全脑照射(prophylactic cranial irradiation,PCI)。治疗结束后对患者进行随访,并评价其疗效及毒副作用。结果:55例患者放化疗结束时总有效率(CR+PR)为87.3%。1、3、5年总生存率分别为79.1%、40.3%、16.1%,中位生存时间18.7个月。Ⅲ度和Ⅳ度血液学毒性分别为23例(41.8%)和16例(29.1%);Ⅰ度和Ⅱ度急性放射性肺炎分别为21例(38.2%)和2例(3.6%),Ⅰ度和Ⅱ度放射性食管炎分别为29例(52.7%)和12例(21.8%),未发生Ⅲ～Ⅳ度非血液学毒性。11例(20.0%)患者出现Ⅰ度肺纤维化,5例(9.1%)为Ⅱ度。2例(3.6%)发生Ⅰ度后期食管损伤。16例(29.1%)局部/区域复发,21例(38.2%)发生远处转移。结论:EP方案化疗合并HART治疗局限期SCLC毒性轻至中度,患者可以耐受。局部复发和远处转移为主要治疗失败原因。

奎硫平与阿普唑仑治疗失眠症的对照研究

目的观察奎硫平治疗失眠症的疗效和不良反应。方法将83例失眠症的患者随机分为奎硫平组和阿普唑仑组,治疗6周。采用睡眠状况自评量表(SRSS)于治疗前后评定临床疗效,用不良反应量表(TESS)于第4周评定治疗中出现的不良反应。结果治疗后,2组SRSS评分较治疗前均有显著降低(P<0.01),2组间SRSS评分比较无显著性差异(P>0.05),2组疗效比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。治疗4周时2组TESS评分比较差异有显著性(P<0.01),奎硫平组低于阿普唑仑组。结论奎硫平治疗失眠症疗效肯定,不良反应少,是治疗失眠症的可选药物。

加速超分割放疗联合化疗治疗局限期小细胞肺癌的疗效分析

目的探讨加速超分割胸腔放疗联合EP方案治疗局限期小细胞肺癌的疗效及安全性。方法共72例局限期小细胞肺癌随机分为加速超分割组和常规分割组,其中加速超分割组放疗1.5 Gy/次,2次/日,间隔6小时,总量45Gy;常规分割组1.8～2 Gy/次,1次/日,总量50 Gy。两组全部采用EP方案化疗4～6周期。结果加速超分割组与常规分割组的有效率分别为82.8%和59.4%(P<0.05),加速超分割组与常规分割组的1年、2年和3年生存率分别为90.7%vs 83.1%、55.2%vs43.8%和25.4%vs 17.6%(P<0.05)。主要毒性反应为白细胞减少和放射性食管炎,超分割组的白细胞减少与放射性食管炎较常规分割组有所升高(P<0.05),但均可耐受。结论加速超分割放疗联合EP方案化疗提高了局限期小细胞肺癌的疗效,同时增加了骨髓抑制、放射性食管炎等急性放射性损伤,但是毒性反应可以耐受,值得进一步推广应用。

两种卫生杀虫剂对德国小蠊的药效比较

目的 :比较 2 5 %COOPEX和 10 %FENDONA对德国小蠊的持效。方法 :强迫接触法。结果 :2 5 %COOPEX和 10 %FENDONA 3种剂量对德国小蠊在玻璃板面、油漆板面、水泥板面分别持效观察 12周 ,平均死亡率分别为 80 %～ 10 0 %、60 %～ 10 0 %、66%～ 10 0 %。结论 :在推荐剂量下 ,10 %FENDONA(SC)的持效作用好于 2 5 %COOPEX(WP)。

岩舒注射液联合PP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床观察

目的:观察岩舒注射液联合PP方案治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效和毒副反应。方法:紫杉醇(PTX)150mg/m2,第1天静滴;顺铂(DDP)25mg/m2第1,23,天静滴,21天为1周期,2周期后进行疗效评定。治疗组在化疗同时应用岩舒注射液20ml,静脉滴注,每日1次,连用14天,2疗程后进行评定。结果:治疗组近期总有效率为42.59%,对照组为31.48%,两者差异无统计学意义(p>0.05)。治疗组胃肠道反应及骨髓抑制较对照组减轻,两者有统计学意义(p<0.05)。结论:岩舒注射液联合PP方案化疗治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌疗效较好,毒副反应轻。

Long-lasting phosphorescence study on Y_3Al_5O_(12) doped with different concentrations of Ce^(3+)

Long-lasting phosphorescence （LLP） was observed in Ce-doped Y3Al5O12 phosphors synthesized in reducing atmosphere. The characteristic emission of the 2D–2F5/2 and 2D–2F7/2 transition of Ce3＋ in photoluminescence （PL） and LLP spectra was studied. It was interesting that the ratio between the peak areas of 2D–2F5/2 and 2D–2F 7/2 transitions in the PL spectrum was different from the ratio of that in LLP emission spectrum. And the ratios had different change regularities with increased Ce3＋ concentration. The possible reason was attributed to the defect in the YAG host,which was affected by increasing the Ce3＋ concentration. There were indications that the defect in the Ce3＋-doped YAG samples was strongly associated with oxygen vacancy. And the defect levels were studied through thermoluminescence （TL） experiment. The results showed that the trap depth was between 0.6 and 0.65 eV,and the kinetic order of the LLP was 2.

Identification of winter long-lasting regional extreme low-temperature events in Eurasia and their variation during 1948—2017

Compared with short-duration events,long-lasting regional extreme low-temperature events(RELTEs)often have more severe impacts on human societies due to the induced persistence and large geographic area of related weather and climate disaster.Accordingly,an improved objective technique was applied to identify all long-lasting RELTEs in Eurasia from the winter of 1948/1949 to 2017/2018,followed by an in-depth discussion of its variation in terms of the annual frequency,duration,impacted area,mean intensity,maximum intensity,and a comprehensive index.The RELTE lasting for 52 d in the winter of 2007/2008 exhibited the longest duration,largest impacted area,and a greatest comprehensive index,which induced extremely low temperatures for more than 20 d in Western Asia,Central Asia,and China.During the past 70 winters,the frequency of long-lasting RELTEs decreased,especially after the late 1960s.Nevertheless,the mean and maximum intensities and comprehensive index exhibited distinctly increasing trends.All indicators of winter long-lasting RELTEs had a similar inter-decadal fluctuation featured by two noticeable peaks occurring around 1970 and 2007,and a remarkable recovery was discovered in the period of late 1990s to mid-2010s,especially for the occurrence of super long-lasting events.Significantly,winter long-lasting RELTEs in Eurasia showed distinct trends under various decadal climate backgrounds,i.e.,a strong negative or weak positive trend in the accelerated warming period and conversely,a strong positive or weak negative trend in the wanning slowdown stage.These findings indicate that we should be alert of the similar future recovery of winter long-lasting RELTEs in Eurasia,which are likely to occur in the slowdown period of global warming.

Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Red Phosphors:Mn^(2+) Doped MgSiO_3 and Mg_2SiO_4 Prepared by Sol-Gel Method

Sol-gel method was utilized to synthesize two different series of red silicate phosphors : MgSiO3 and Mg2SiO4 powder samples doped with Mn2+, conducted the investigation of red long-lasting phosphor: MgSiO3 : Eu2 + , Dy3+, Mn2+ . TGA curves of the gel precursor for two series depicted that the loss of residual organic groups and NO3 groups occurs below 450℃. According to the XRD patterns, the major diffraction peaks of the MgSiO3 and Mg2SiO4 series are consistent with a proto-enstatite structure (JCPDS No.11-0273) and a forsterite structure (JCPDS No.85-1364) respectively. With the excitation at 415 nm, the red emission band of Mn2+ ions is peaked at 661 nm for MgSiO3:1%(atom fraction) Mn2+ or 644 nm for MgiSiO4: 1 %(atom fraction) Mn2+ . Compared with Mg2SiO4:Mn2+ samples, MgSiO3:Mn2+ samples exhibit higher luminescence intensity and higher quenching concentration. In addition, the two series co-doped with Eu2+ , Dy3+ , Mn2+ were also prepared. Photo-luminescence and afterglow properties of the two co-doped series were analyzed, which show that MgSiO3: Eu2 + , Dy3+ , Mn2+ is more suitable for a red long-lasting phosphor.