Noteworthy effects of a long-pulse Alexandrite laser for treatment of high-risk infantile hemangioma: A case report and literature review

BACKGROUND We have previously proved that treatment of thick/deep infantile hemangiomas (IHs) with a long-pulse Alexandrite laser was clinically effective and safe. This article aims to investigate the efficiency of long-pulse Alexandrite laser use in treating thick and high-risk IHs located in particular anatomic areas and provides some new data on this issue. CASE SUMMARY A two-month-old girl with a thick and high-risk IH covering most of the right labia majora was examined in this study. The infant received four treatment sessions at 4- to 6-wk intervals with a long-pulse Alexandrite laser with settings as follows: 3 ms pulse duration, 8 mm spot size, 45 to 50 J/cm2 fluences, and dynamic cooling device (DCD) spray duration of 90 ms with a delay of 80 ms. Following each of the four treatment sessions, the IH showed a remarkable reduction in thickness and size without any sign of relapse. Ten months after the last treatment, the IH had completely regressed without adverse effects. During the laser treatment, no severe side effects were observed;blistering occurred only immediately after treatment and then scabbed over the next day, gradually improving in the following days. CONCLUSION Long-pulse Alexandrite laser treatment may be considered one of the first-line noninvasive therapeutic options for the treatment of thick IH.

Efficacy and Safety of Alexandrite and Nd:YAG Laser Combination in Permanent Hair Removal

Background and Objective: Unwanted hair growth is a discomforting issue affecting both genders. People have tried various methods to get rid of this situation. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combined Alexandrite and Nd:YAG laser treatment for permanent hair removal, drawing insights from existing literature. Materials and Methods:This study included a total of 2127 patients (302 males, 1825 females) aged 18 - 65, with complete data, who underwent hair removal treatment between December 2018 and April 2021. These patients were treated using the Duetta laser system (Quanta system, Samarate, Italy), combining Alexandrite 755 nm and Nd:YAG 1064 nm wavelengths. The patients’ skin types were classified according to the Fitzpatrick classification scale. Target area/areas for laser hair removal was/were determined. Laser parameters, pulse counts, pain levels assessed through the Visual Pain Scale (VPS), and patient satisfaction were documented based on skin types. Findings: Across various skin types, Types I - II exhibited the highest treatment success rates (87%), with the axillary region achieving the highest rate (83%) and the face region achieving the lowest rate (75%). Pain scale analysis indicated that 98% of patients tolerated the procedure well. Patient satisfaction levels exceeded 90%. Evaluation of complication rates revealed minimal occurrences. Conclusion: The combined Alexandrite and Nd:YAG laser system demonstrates both efficacy and safety across diverse skin types, attributed to its notable success rates, minimal adverse effects, and high patient tolerance.

A case of labial lentigines in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome treated using a Q-switched alexandrite laser

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome(PJS)is a polygenic autosomal dominant disease characterized by multiple gastrointestinal polyps and pigmentation of the mucosa and skin.While there are a few reports regarding successful treatment of intestinal polyps in PJS,there is little research regarding treatment of mucocutaneous melanosis.This study investigated the many advantages of using a Q-switched alexandrite laser to treat mucocutaneous melanosis.In this case,a 19-year-old male with PJS presented with labial lentigines and received two Q-switched alexandrite laser treatments in 2018.Subsequently,the efficacy of the treatment was evaluated.The result of the evaluation was that,after the two laser treatments,the labial lentigines were successfully removed,and there were no complications.

THE ANALYTICAL STUDY ON THE LASER INDUCED REVERSE－PLUGGING EFFECT BY USING THE CLASSICAL ELASTIC PLATE THEORY（II）──REVERSE－BULGE MOTION

Tile reverse-bulge motion (RBW) in the metallic foils. which is induced by spatially cylindrical long pulse laser. is examined in order to analyse the newly-discovered reverse-plugging effect (RPE). An uncoupled, thin plate theory is Used to determine the induced. flexural vibrations. The solution is obtained as the superposition of two displacement .fields, representing the quasi-static and the dynamic behaviors.Meanwhile. the equivalent thermal loading and the dimensionless analysis of thin plate motion are presented. Numerical results presented may partially explain the RBM of thin plate at the early stage of laser irradiation.

Long-Pulse Single-Frequency All-Fiber Amplifier

In this paper, we report a high power long-pulse single-frequency all-fiber amplifier at 1064 nm with near-diffraction-limited beam quality based on a polarization-maintaining tapered Yb-doped fiber (T-YDF). By applying square wave pulse modulation to the diodes, with a frequency of 50 Hz and a pulse width of 668 μs, the peak power of the output laser reached 257 W with an average power of 8.65 W, linewidth of 10.6 kHz and M2 < 1.5. .

调Q激光与手术切除治疗口腔黏膜黑斑后的复发率比较:一项回顾性队列研究

目的比较755 nm调Q激光与手术切除治疗口腔黏膜黑斑后的复发率。方法本研究已通过单位伦理委员会审查批准,并获得患者知情同意。采用回顾性队列研究设计,纳入2019年1月—2021年8月在上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔黏膜病科门诊接受调Q激光或手术切除治疗的口腔黏膜黑斑患者,收集患者的一般资料、临床特征和随访病史。将治疗后1年复发率作为主要结局指标,长期不良反应发生率作为安全性评价指标,采用Kaplan⁃Meier法分析两组间的1年无复发率。结果本研究共纳入了57例患者,其中16例患者接受了手术切除治疗,41例患者接受了调Q激光治疗,两组人口统计学和临床特征基线无显著差异。手术切除组所有患者均未观察到口腔黏膜黑斑的复发(0%),而调Q激光组有12例(29.27%)患者出现复发,平均复发时间为治疗后6.08个月,复发与吸烟(P=1.000)、胃肠道息肉(P=1.000)、纵型黑甲(P=0.187)、家族史(P=0.552)、治疗次数(P=0.567)或是否多发(P=0.497)均无相关性。与手术切除相比,调Q激光治疗口腔黏膜黑斑1年复发的比值比为4.41,95%置信区间为1.27⁃15.24(P=0.020)。手术切除组中有3例患者(18.75%)报告损害切除处出现凹陷和疤痕,而调Q激光组没有患者报告长期不良反应(0%)(P=0.019)。结论与手术切除相比,调Q激光治疗口腔黏膜黑斑的优势在于长期不良反应率较低,但复发率相对较高,在治疗前需与患者沟通两种方法的优劣,以助临床决策。

Response of nevus of Ota to Q-switched alexandrite laser according to treatment interval

In order to determine the appropriate treatment interval, 267 patients who underwent 3 sessions of treatment with Q-switched alexandrite laser were divided into 4 groups according to treatment interval, and their clinical responses were compared. Among them, 187 were asked about the process of pigment fading. Moreover, light and transmission electron microscopy were performed. It was noted that the clinical response of the 5 - 6 month interval group was significantly better than that of the 3 - 4 month group, but showed no significant difference from that of the 7 - 8 or ≥ 9 month group. 80.21% of investigated patients stated that marked pigment fading could no longer be observed 7 months after irradiation. 4 months after irradiation, the degenerated melanosomes and cell debris were still scattered among collagen fibers, scavenged gradually by macrophage. In conclusion, an appropriate treatment interval is 5 - 6 months.

翠绿宝石长脉冲激光脱毛118例疗效的初步观察

应用翠绿宝石长脉冲激光对１１８ 例面部、躯干及四肢多毛患者进行治疗。波长为７５５ｎｍ ，脉宽２０ｍｓ， 光斑直径１０ｍ ｍ ， 治疗能量在１２ ～２０Ｊ／ ｃｍ ２ 之间， 治疗间隔２个月。结果：下肢及腋窝部的一次脱毛率约为３０ ％ ，二次的脱毛率为６０ ％ ，并呈能量依赖性。所有病例均有毛发延迟生长现象。其中５０．８ ％ 的患者出现毛发变细。无任何副作用。

长脉宽紫翠宝石激光脱毛1702例疗效分析

目的评价长脉宽紫翠宝石激光脱毛的疗效和安全性。方法用755nm长脉宽紫翠宝石激光进行脱毛,对1702例多毛患者经过2次及2次以上治疗的1603处部位进行疗效评价。结果1603处皮损中,439处接受了2次治疗,有效率为9·79%;360处接受了3次治疗,有效率为18·33%;268处接受了4次治疗,有效率为29·10%;178处接受了5次治疗,有效率为37·64%;358处接受了6次及以上治疗,有效率为82·68%。治疗次数与疗效呈正相关,治疗次数达到6次或以上可显著提高疗效。1702例中16例(0·94%)出现色素沉着。结论长脉宽紫翠宝石激光去除毛发安全有效。

Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗4656例色素性皮肤病临床分析

目的观察Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗皮肤色素性疾病的临床疗效与不良反应。方法用Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗4656例皮肤色素性疾病,包括太田痣、雀斑、咖啡斑、文身、雀斑样痣、脂溢性角化、颧部褐青色痣、伊藤痣、斑痣,对其疗效及不良反应等进行观察。结果太田痣治疗6次有效率达92·31%,痊愈率达55·39%,治疗9次时痊愈率达100%;雀斑4次治疗可达到80%的痊愈率;脂溢性角化4次治疗100%痊愈;颧部褐青色痣4次治疗100%痊愈;文身包括文眉、文眼线和外伤文身经过3次治疗有效率超过77·18%,痊愈率超过50%;咖啡斑4次有效率50·00%,痊愈率21·43%;斑痣4次有效率50·00%,痊愈率25·00%;雀斑样痣4次有效率35·29%;伊藤痣4次有效率达25·00%。结论Q开关紫翠宝石激光对太田痣、雀斑、文身、脂溢性角化、颧部褐青色痣治疗效果好,对伊藤痣、雀斑样痣、斑痣及咖啡斑有一定疗效。

调Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗颧部褐青色痣疗效观察

评价调Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗颧部褐青色痣的疗效。方法:用调Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗43例颧部褐青色痣患者,治疗前后照相对比进行评分,并观察不良反应。结果:43例患者治疗1～4次,治疗间隔为2～3个月。有效率为72.1%,痊愈率为25.6%。3例患者出现暂时性的色素减退。结论:调Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗颧部褐青色痣安全、有效。

Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗602例太田痣临床分析及超微结构观察

目的统计分析602例太田痣的临床资料及疗效,观察治疗前后太田痣真皮黑素细胞的组织病理和超微结构的特点。方法采用临床登记、核对照片、问卷的形式,收集太田痣临床资料602例。对10例太田痣进行治疗前后组织病理观察,6例太田痣进行治疗前后超微结构观察。结果太田痣发病分为先天性和后天性,后者发病主要在青春期,以浅褐色或浅蓝色为主;病变最常累及的部位是颧部、颞部及下眼睑。多元回归分析显示,采用Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗太田痣,治疗6次有效率达85.20%,痊愈率达55.72%;治疗9次时有效率达100%,痊愈率达98.46%。统计结果表明,影响疗效的因素与是否有眼睑受累和Tanino分级有关。电镜观察显示,太田痣真皮黑素细胞含较多成熟黑素体,大小不一;激光照射后即刻可见黑素体崩解,黑素细胞内密集细小颗粒;临床皮损消退后,真皮胶原纤维间未见黑素体。结论Q开关紫翠宝石激光治疗太田痣患者安全、有效,疗效与部位和受累面积有关。激光可选择性破坏太田痣真皮黑素细胞而对周围组织损伤小。

Q-开关翠绿宝石激光治疗常见色素增加性皮肤病临床疗效观察

目的:探讨Q-开关翠绿宝石激光治疗常见色素增加性皮肤病的疗效及安全性。方法:应用AlexLazr Q-开关翠绿宝石激光不同剂量针对360例面部色素增加性皮肤病患者进行治疗,并随访3～6个月,观察治疗后效果及预后。结果:总有效率为98.6%,术后出现局部紫癜、疼痛、暂时性色素沉着、水疱等,无色素减退和瘢痕出现。结论:Q-开关翠绿宝石激光治疗常见色素增加性皮肤病安全、有效。

调Q开关紫翠宝石激光器治疗太田痣临床疗效分析

为了探讨紫翠宝石激光治疗太田痣的疗效，运用 PhotoGenica- T10激光器，对 69例患者进行多次局部照射，治疗间期 1～ 3月，观察疗效。经过 2～ 8次治疗后， 39例痊愈，显效 26例，有效 4例，有效率 94.2％。婴幼儿疗效明显优于成年人。无 1例留下瘢痕，为目前治疗太田痣的一种安全、有效的方法，

低能量Q开关Nd:YAG激光器和调Q开关紫翠宝石激光器治疗黄褐斑的疗效和安全性

目的评估低能量Q开关Nd∶YAG激光器和调Q开关紫翠宝石激光器治疗黄褐斑的疗效和安全性。方法采用低能量Q开关Nd∶YAG激光器和调Q开关紫翠宝石激光器治疗32例黄褐斑患者,以色素消退≥90%为痊愈,色素消退60%~89%为显效,色素消退30%~59%为有效,色素消退<30%为无效。结果32例患者中,21例(65.6%)痊愈,11例(34.4%)显效,痊愈患者平均治疗(10.2±3.5)次(4~15次),显效患者平均治疗(11.4±2.5)次(10~14次)。淡褐色黄褐斑患者的痊愈率和显效率分别为81.3%和18.7%,深褐色黄褐斑患者分别为50.0%和50.0%,两组相比差异有显著性(P<0.05)。病程小于2年患者的痊愈率和显效率分别为87.5%和12.5%,病程大于2年患者分别为58.3%和41.7%,两者相比差异也有显著性(P<0.05)。所有患者均未见色素加重和疤痕,仅1例出现暂时性色素脱失。结论低能量Q开关Nd∶YAG激光器和调Q开关紫翠宝石激光器可安全有效地治疗黄褐斑,黄褐斑的颜色和病程是疗效的影响因素。

755 nm皮秒翠绿宝石激光治疗黄褐斑的疗效观察

目的观察755 nm皮秒翠绿宝石激光治疗黄褐斑的临床疗效、不良反应及复发率。方法对51例黄褐斑患者进行每三周1次,总疗程为5次的755 nm皮秒翠绿宝石激光治疗。采用Focus蜂巢模式,能量密度0.4 J/cm2,光斑直径8 mm,频率5 Hz,脉宽550×10-12 sec。治疗后随访8周。所有患者每次激光治疗前以及末次治疗结束后3、8周面部拍照,进行黄褐斑面积及严重程度评分(MASI)评分,记录相关不良反应发生情况,对治疗影响因素进行统计分析,并观察复发情况。结果 5次激光治疗后平均MASI评分由(12.04±6.54)下降至(6.82±5.63),下降率为47.22%;治疗8周后,评分略上升至(7.67±5.63)。所有51例患者均无明显不良反应发生。经统计分析,病程、Wood灯分型、Fiztpatrick分型、治疗前严重程度以及家族史,对黄褐斑激光治疗的疗效及愈后有一定影响。结论 755 nm皮秒翠绿宝石激光治疗黄褐斑安全、有效、复发率低,值得临床推广应用。

长脉冲紫翠宝石激光脱毛1386例疗效及安全性评价

目的:评价激光技术脱毛的疗效和安全性。方法:采用755nm的紫翠宝石激光对1386例FitzpatrickⅢ～Ⅴ型患者的1922个部位进行了脱毛,对经过2次及2次以上治疗的1122个部位的脱毛效果进行评价。结果:1122处皮损中的322处接受了2次治疗,有效率为8.39%;264处接受了3次治疗,有效率为17.42%;202处接受了4次治疗,有效率为27.23%;136处接受了5次治疗,有效率为36.76%;198处接受了6次及以上治疗,有效率为81.31%。治疗次数与脱毛疗效呈正相关。1386例中13例(0.93%)出现色素沉着。结论:紫翠宝石激光是一种安全、有效的脱毛方法。

Cr^(3+)∶BeAl_2O_4单晶的特性及生长工艺的改进

描述了掺Ｃｒ３＋离子的紫翠宝石（Ｃｒ３＋∶ＢｅＡｌ２Ｏ４）单晶的晶体结构、物理性质、晶体的吸收光谱与发射光谱及其激光特性。讨论了用引上法生长Ｃｒ３＋∶ＢｅＡｌ２Ｏ４晶体的一些工艺问题中。引上法晶体生长过程中选用较慢的提拉速度、较快的转速生长较大直径的晶体的工艺参数，能够生长出高质量的Ｃｒ３＋∶ＢｅＡｌ２Ｏ４单晶体。我们的实验表明，采用温梯法也能生长出高质量的Ｃｒ３＋∶ＢｅＡｌ２Ｏ４单晶。与提拉法相比，温梯法减少了原料对环境的污染；易于实现自动温度程序控制；

长脉宽翠绿宝石激光脱毛的影响因素探讨

目的:探讨长脉宽翠绿宝石激光脱毛的疗效和影响因素。方法:用Gentlelase长脉宽翠绿宝石755nm激光进行脱毛,对治疗的762例1750个部位的脱毛结果进行疗效评价,并探讨影响疗效的因素。结果:1750个部位经过3次以上治疗后,均达到理想的脱毛效果,治疗区毛发数量显著减少,剩余少许新生毛发直径变细,颜色变浅。各部位治疗次数及能量均不同,腋毛、阴毛、下肢及胸腹背部的毛发治疗效果较好,一般经过3～6次可结束治疗,胡须、发际效果较差,女性上唇毛效果最差。结论:长脉冲翠绿宝石激光采用适当能量密度进行脱毛治疗,能安全有效地脱去毛发,不良反应小,值得推广。