Preparation of Long-range Ordered Nanostructures in Semicrystalline Diblock Copolymer Thin Films Using Micromolding

Long-range ordered nanostructures are prepared in the poly（styrene）-block-poly（e-caprolactone） diblock copolymer thin films using micromolding. We evaluated the change in crystallinity based on grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction and proved that the crystallinity increased with the decrease of the mold size. This means that ordered nanostructures with atomic length scale order can be adjusted by tuning the mesoscale confinement. The inherent mechanism was the cooperation of geometric confinement, microphase structure and surface-induced ordering of PS-b-PCL in the melt, which paved the way for the subsequent crystal growth. These findings establish a route to promote the cost-effective nanofabrication by combining the mature microfabrication technique with the emerging directed self-assembly of block copolymers.

Scanning transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography analysis of non-stoichiometry long-period-stacking-ordered structures in Mg-Ni-Y/Sm alloys

The long-period-stacking-ordered(LPSO)structure affects the mechanical,corrosion and hydrolysis properties of Mg alloys.The current work employs high angle annular dark field-scanning transmission electron microscopy(HAADF-STEM)and atom probe tomography(APT)to investigate the structural and local chemical information of LPSO phases formed in Mg-Ni-Y/Sm ternary alloys after extended isothermal annealing.Depending on the alloying elements and their concentrations,Mg-Ni-Y/Sm develops a two-phase LPSO+α-Mg structure in which the LPSO phase contains defects,hybrid LPSO structure,and Mg insertions.HAADF-STEM and APT indicate non-stoichiometric LPSO with incomplete Ni_(6)(Y/Sm)_(8) clusters.In addition,the APT quantitatively determines the local composition of LPSO and confirms the presence of Ni within the Mg bonding layers.These results provide insight into a better understanding of the structure and hydrolysis properties of LPSO-Mg alloys.

Fabrication of Ordered Micro/Nanostructures Using Probe‑Based Force‑Controlled Micromachining System

This paper presents a probe-based force-controlled nanoindentation method to fabricate ordered micro/nanostructures.Both the experimental and finite element simulation approaches are employed to investigate the influence of the interval between the adjacent indentations and the rotation angle of the probe on the formed micro/nanostructures.The non-contacting part between indenter and the sample material and the height of the material pile-up are two competing factors to determine the depth relationship between the adjacent indentations.For the one array indentations,nanostructures with good depth consistency and periodicity can be formed after the depth of the indentation becoming stable,and the variation of the rotation angle results in the large difference between the morphology of the formed nanostructures at the bottom of the one array indentation.In addition,for the indentation arrays,the nanostructures with good consistency and periodicity of the shape and depth can be generated with the spacing greater than 1μm.Finally,Raman tests are also carried out based on the obtained ordered micro/nanostructures with Rhodamine probe molecule.The indentation arrays with a smaller spacing lead to better the enhancement effect of the substrate,which has the potential applications in the fields of biological or chemical molecular detection.

Existence of long-range magnetic order in Heisenberg spin nanoribbons with edge modification

Long-range magnetic order appears on a side decorated Heisenberg spin nanoribbon at nonzero temperature,although no spontaneous magnetization exists in a one-or two-dimensional isotropic Heisenberg model at any nonzero temperature according to the Mermin-Wagner theorem.By use of the spin Green's function method,we calculated the magnetizations of Heisenberg nanoribbons decorated by side spins with single-ion anisotropy and found that the system exhibits a nonzero transition temperature,whether the decorated edge spins of the system link together or separate from each other.When the width of the nanoribbon achieves infinite limit,the transition temperatures of the system tend to the same finite constant eventually whether one edge or both edges are decorated by side spins in the nanoribbon.The results reveal that the magnetism of a low-dimensional spin system is different from that of a threedimensional spin system.When the single-ion anisotropy of edge spins in a Heisenberg spin nanoribbon can be modulated by an electric field experimentally,various useful long-range magnetic orders of the system can be obtained.This work can provide a detailed theoretical basis for designing and fabricating next-generation low-dimensional magnetic random-access memory.

Reflection of thermo-elastic wave in semiconductor nanostructures nonlocal porous medium

The current work is an extension of the nonlocal elasticity theory to fractional order thermo-elasticity in semiconducting nanostructure medium with voids.The analysis is made on the reflection phenomena in context of three-phase-lag thermo-elastic model.It is observed that,four-coupled longitudinal waves and an independent shear vertical wave exist in the medium which is dispersive in nature.It is seen that longitudinal waves are damped,and shear wave is un-damped when angular frequency is less than the cut-off frequency.The voids,thermal and non-local parameter affect the dilatational waves whereas shear wave is only depending upon non-local parameter.It is found that reflection coefficients are affected by nonlocal and fractional order parameters.Reflection coefficients are calculated analytically and computed numerically for a material,silicon and discussed graphically in details.The results for local(classical)theory are obtained as a special case.The study may be useful in semiconductor nanostructure,geology and seismology in addition to semiconductor nanostructure devices.

Hierarchical self-assembly of triangular metallodendrimers into the ordered nanostructures

We designed and constructed a new family of 608 dendritic dipyridyl donors, from which two novel triangular metallodendrimers were successfully prepared via coordination-driven self-assembly.Inspired by the existence of multiple intermolecular interactions（e.g., p–p stacking and CH–p interactions） imposed by the DMIP-functionalized poly（benzyl ether） dendrons, their hierarchical selfassembly behaviors were studied in various mixed solvents by using scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Interestingly, it was found that the morphologies of the obtained metallodendrimers were highly depended on the dendron generation. For example, the first-generation metallodendrimer was able to hierarchically self-assemble into the spherical nanostructures in various mixed solvents. However, the nanofibers were observed for the second-generation metallodendrimer under the similar conditions.Furthermore, the driven force for the formation of such ordered nanostructures was investigated by using1 H NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Order-disorder Transformation for TiAl with L1_0 Structure at Stoichiometrical Composition

The embedded atom method (EAM) was used to study the order-disorder transformation in gamma -TiAl alloy with L1(0). structure at stoichiometrical composition, and the effect of lattice constants was also investigated. It was found that the gamma -TiAl alloy at stoichiometrical composition exhibits a second-order transition, and the relations between lattice constants a, c and the long-range order sigma are not linear. The lattice constant a decreases whereas c increases with the increase of the long-range order parameter. In this case the ordering induces the transformation from cubic to tetragonal. The change of the lattice constant during the ordering processes can be interpreted in terms of bond length.

ATOMIC ORDERING AND DISORDERING OF INTERMETALLIC PHASES

All intermetallic phases have a tendency to atomic long-range ordering, according to the ordering energy, they may be permanently ordered (up to the melting-point) or reversibly ordered (up to a critical temperature). The paper considers ways of disordering intermetallic phases, in relation to the ordering energy and diffusivities, and some properties of partially ordered intermetallic phases (including mechanical properties) The kinetics of re-ordering of disordered starting material will be examined,including sluggishly ordering phases (which can be aided by concurrent irradiation). The circumstances under which a partially disordered intermetallic phase may transform into an amorphous form will be outlined.

Influence of Aluminum Content in γ-TiAl with L1_0 Structure during Ordering Processes

Based on EAM (embedded atom method) interatomic potential, the effect of aluminum content on the type of order-disorder transformation (ODT) and the structure properties (lattice constants, volume, c/a ratio and configu- ration energy) during ordering processes was investigated for γ-TiAI based alloys. Results show that for the alloys with lower than 50%Al (all composition is in atom number fraction), the ODT is the first order transition, and the second order transition for the alloys with equal or higher than 50% Al. The increase of aluminum content results in the critical temperature increasing. The aluminum content has a very little effect on the lattice constants, the volume and the c/a ratio, but has a significant effect on the configuration energy. A metastable disordered state was found for the alloys with less than 50%Al.

A mini review： Functional nanostructuring with perfectly-ordered anodic aluminum oxide template for energy conversion and storage

Nanostructures have drawn great attentions for functional device applications. Among the various techniques developed for fabricating arrayed nanostructures of functional materials, nanostructuring technique with porous anodic aluminum oxide （AAO） membrane as templates becomes more attractive owing to the superior geometrical characteristics and low-cost preparation process. In this mini review, progress about functional we summarize our recent nanostructuring based on perfectly-ordered AAO membrane to prepare perfectly- ordered nanostructure arrays of functional materials toward constructing high-performance energy conversion and storage devices. By employing the perfectly-ordered AAO membrane as templates, arrayed nanostructures in the form ofnanodot, nanorod, nanotube and nanopore have been synthesized over a large area. These as-obtained nanostructure arrays have large specific surface area, high regularity, large-scale implementation, and tunable nanos- cale features. All these advanced features enable them to be of great advantage for the performance improvement of energy conversion and storage devices, including photo- electrochemical water splitting cells, supercapacitors, and batteries, etc.

A theoretical study of the long-range-disorder mixed-spin antiferromagnet L_2BaNiO_5

In this paper, we introduce a quasi-one-dimensional S = 1 antiferromagnet Heisenberg model, and some physical properties of antiferromagnet L2BaNiO5 without antiferromagnet long-range-order above the Néel temperature are analyzed based on the frame of two-time Green’s function theory. In a high temperature region, we calculate the correlation functions, and obtain excitation spectrum along Ni chains and the Haldane gap in this spectrum versus temperature. We find that the short-range correlation still exists at high temperature, which leads to the existence of Haldane gap in excitation spectrum. The increment of excitation energy in the spectrum along the Ni chain is found to be induced by the AF interaction between spins of rare-earth and Ni ions. Additionally, we also find that Haldane gap goes up with temperature increasing.

In situ study on medium-range order evolution during the polyamorphous phase transition in a Pd-Ni-P nanostructured glass

Engineering multiscale structural hierarchies in glassy alloys enable a broad spectrum of potential applications.Metallic glasses were born in hierarchical structures from atomic-to-nanometer scales.However,the frozen-in structures in traditional metallic glasses prepared by rapid quenching techniques are challenging to tailor.Here,we show that a PdNiPbulk nanostructured glass of polyamorphous interfacial structures was prepared by inert-gas condensation with a laser evaporation source,and its multiscale structures could be engineered.In-situ scattering experiment results reveal polyamorphous phase transitions occurred in the interfacial regions,which are accompanied by the evolution of medium-range order and the nanoscale heterogeneous structures during the condensation process of glassy nanoparticles under high pressure and the following heating process.Moreover,changes in the cluster connectivity resulting from repacking of the local ordering induced by pressure and temperature could be observed.The thermophysical and mechanical properties,including boson peaks,hardness,and elasticity modulus,could be changed as a function of heat-treatment parameters.Our findings would shed light on the synthesis of bulk nanostructured glassy alloys with tailorable thermodynamic and dynamical behavior as well as mechanical properties based on the understanding of metastability for polyamorphous interfacial phases.

Off-diagonal long-range order of the wave function in terms of the alternate molecular bonding geminals

It is shown that in the quantum structural approach to high-Tc superconductivity, the wave function in terms of the alternate molecular bonding geminals possesses off-diagonal long-range order (ODLRO).

有序纳米结构体系的模板合成法

利用具有特定结构的物质作为模板,来引导纳米有序结构的制备与组装,从而实现对纳米材料的组成、结构、形貌、尺寸、取向和排布等的控制,为研究纳米有序体系的性质提供了有利途径。模板可以分为软模板和硬模板两种,本文介绍了氧化铝、胶体晶体、胶束、生物大分子等几种常见模板的特点。利用模板法,可以制备金属、合金、氧化物、半导体和聚合物及其复合组份等多种纳米结构有序体系。本文结合我实验室最近的研究工作综述了利用模板法制备纳米有序结构体系的研究进展。

仿贝壳结构的自组装有机-无机纳米复合薄膜的制备及结构表征

利用超分子自组装法在玻璃表面制备了聚合前后 DMTB/Si O2 和 DMCB/Si O2 复合薄膜 .在所制备的复合薄膜中 ,表面活性剂 DMTB和 DMCB既作结构导向剂 ,又作聚合单体 .用 FTIR,XRD和 TEM等表征了薄膜的结构 .结果表明 ,所制备的薄膜具有有机 -无机有序交替的层状结构 .DMCB/Si O2 和 DMTB/Si O2复合薄膜有机层与无机层间的距离分别为聚合前 3 .48和 3 .44nm,聚合后 2 .84和 2 .92 nm.

改进型多周期极化门产生高强度的阿秒脉冲

为了产生高强度单个阿秒脉冲,采用多周期极化门方案,利用空间非均匀极化门调控谐波辐射,在蝴蝶型纳米结构下产生高强度阿秒脉冲。结果表明,由于纳米结构表面的等离子共振增强现象,激光强度在空间呈非均匀性,导致高次谐波截止能量得到延伸,长量子路径对谐波的贡献被减弱;在极化门控制下,谐波平台区的贡献只来源于单一的谐波辐射能量峰,形成一个140eV的平台区;适当引入一束超短紫外光源,谐波强度增强2个数量级;通过叠加平台区的谐波,可获得一个持续时间在27as的超短脉冲,该脉冲强度比利用单一极化门方案获得的脉冲强度增强2个数量级。该研究对阿秒脉冲的产生以及阿秒科学的发展是有帮助的。

梯度型非局部高阶梁理论与非局部弯曲新解法

针对文献中关于纳米结构刚度受非局部效应影响趋势的不一致预测,基于梯度型的非局部微分本构模型,利用迭代法及泰勒展开法求得了非局部高阶应力的无穷级数表达,非局部应力相当于经典弯曲应力与非局部挠度的逐阶梯度之和.然后推导了梯度型非局部高阶梁弯曲的挠曲轴微分方程,并结合正则摄动思想,求解了非局部挠度的表达式.最后给出数值算例,具体量化挠度受非局部尺度因子的影响大小.研究表明:相比于其经典值,纳米结构的非局部弯曲挠度可呈现出或增大或减小或不变的趋势,考虑梯度型非局部高阶应力降低或提高或不影响纳米结构的刚度,具体结果依赖于外载和边界约束的类型.算例显示外载形式和边界约束条件均各自独立地影响着纳米结构的非局部弯曲挠度,同时首次观察到非局部最大弯曲挠度的位置可能受非局部尺度因子的影响.研究结论解决了非局部弹性力学应用于纳米结构的若干疑点,并为理论的发展和优化提供支持.

工业TiOSO_4液合成有序介孔TiO_2分子筛的研究

以工业TiOSO4液为原料，在复合模板剂十二胺和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）的超分子自组装诱导作用下，合成出有序介孔TiO2。通过控制溶液pH值有效调控TiOSO4液的水解缩聚速率，使得水合二氧化钛均匀沉积于复合模板剂形成的胶束上，在脱除模板剂后得到介孔材料。产物采用XRD、粒度分布测试、SEM、TEM、电子衍射及等温N2吸附进行分析表征。研究表明：介孔TiO2具有精细纳米结构，孔道分布窄，平均孔径2．2nm，BET比表面积为135．9m^2／g，孔隙率31％，孔容0．17cm^2／g；介孔TiO2的孔壁部分晶化为锐钛型，晶粒尺寸为37nm，粒子介于30～80nm间，聚集的粉末颗粒为类球形。

纳米有序结构制备技术现状

随着对纳米材料需求的不断增长,人们对如何制备纳米有序结构的技术产生了极大的兴趣.主要概述了近期来制备纳米有序结构的一些基本方法例如膜板合成法、自组织方法、欠电位沉积法、掠角沉积法等,并在此基础上简要的介绍了一些相关的概念原理和应用.

二维有序纳米孔铝膜的研制

采用阳极氧化法 ,制备了二维有序纳米孔铝膜 ,经场发射扫描电子显微镜 (EFSEM)测试 ,孔呈六角形 ,其膜孔直径为 15～ 2 0nm ,面密度为 5 4× 10 10 个 /cm2 作者还讨论了形成孔的条件 .