Optimism,Social Support,and Caregiving Burden among the Long-Term Caregivers:The Mediating Effect of Psychological Resilience

Background:As the elderly population grows,the demand for long-term care services is increasing.Despite significant investments in care quality and workforce training,long-term care workers often face challenges such as work fatigue,heavy workloads,and inadequate support.These issues can impact job satisfaction,mental health,and care quality,leading to staff turnover.This study examines how optimism,social support,and psychological resilience relate to caregiving burden,aiming to understand their effects on caregivers’well-being and performance to enhance the quality of long-term care services.Methods:The participants were 542 long-term care workers.Descriptive statistics,t-tests,one-way ANOVA,and hierarchical regression were used for data analysis.Results:(1)Optimism and social support were significantly and positively correlated with psychological resilience and significantly and negatively associated with caregiving burden.(2)Regarding differences in optimism,social support,psychological resilience,and caregiving burden among long-term care workers,females scored significantly higher than males in“social support;”married workers scored significantly higher than unmarried workers in“optimism,”“social support,”and“psychological resilience”;workers aged 45–65 scored significantly higher than those aged 25–45 in“optimism”;workers aged 25–45 scored significantly higher than those aged 45–65 in“caregiving burden”;social workers scored significantly higher than nursing staff in“optimism.”(3)Psychological resilience partially mediated the relationship between social support and caregiving burden concerning explanatory and predictive power.Conclusions:These findings suggest that optimism,social support,and psychological resilience are essential factors in reducing the caregiving burden among long-term care workers.The study highlights the importance of promoting psychological resilience and providing social support to alleviate the burden of caregiving.

Psychological stress and long-term blood pressure variability of military young males:The cardiorespiratory fitness and hospitalization events in armed forces study

BACKGROUND Acute stress might increase short-term heart rate variability and blood pressure variability(BPV);however,chronic stress would not alter short-term BPV in animal models.AIM To examine the association of psychological stress with long-term BPV in young male humans.METHODS We prospectively examined the association of chronic psychological stress with long-term BPV in 1112 healthy military males,averaged 32.2 years from the cardiorespiratory fitness and hospitalization events in armed forces study in Taiwan.Psychological stress was quantitatively evaluated with the Brief Symptom Rating Scale(BSRS-5),from the least symptom of 0 to the most severe of 20,and the five components of anxiety,insomnia,depression,interpersonal sensitivity,and hostility(the severity score in each component from 0 to 4).Longterm BPV was assessed by standard deviation(SD)for systolic and diastolic blood pressure(SBP and DBP),and average real variability(ARV),defined as the average absolute difference between successive measurements of SBP or DBP,across four visits in the study period from 2012 to 2018(2012-14,2014-15,2015-16,and 2016-18).RESULTS The results of multivariable linear regressions showed that there were no correlations of the BSRS-5 score with SDSBP,SDDBP,ARVSBP,and ARVDBP after adjusting for all the covariates[β(SE):-0.022(0.024),-0.023(0.026),-0.001(0.018),and 0.001(0.020),respectively;P>0.05 for all].In addition,there were also no correlations between each component of the BSRS score and the long-term BPV indexes.CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that chronic psychological stress might not be associated with long-term BPV in military young male humans.

Effect of Resistance Training,Aerobic Exercise Before Doula-Assisted Delivery on the Psychological Well-Being and Labor Duration of Parturients

Objective:To investigate the impact of resistance training and aerobic exercise before doula-assisted delivery on the psychological well-being and labor duration of parturients.Methods:105 cases of parturients who gave birth in our hospital from February 2021 to April 2023 were included in this study.The patients were divided into a control group of 52 cases and an observation group of 53 cases.The patients in the control group received no particular intervention before delivery and only received doula assistance.The patients in the observation group received resistance training,aerobic exercise,and doula assistance prior to giving birth.After delivery,the mothers were observed for 2 hours in the delivery room and then returned to the maternal and infant ward.The observation indicators of the two groups were compared.Results:In comparison to the control group,the observation group exhibited shorter durations in the first,second,and third stages of labor,as well as the total delivery time.Additionally,the amount of postpartum blood loss at 2 hours was smaller in the observation group.The rate of cesarean section was lower,and the rate of vaginal natural delivery was higher in the observation group.Following the intervention,both groups of postpartum women showed decreased SAS and SDS scores compared to before the intervention.Moreover,the observation group had lower scores than the control group.These differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Resistance training and aerobic exercise before doula-assisted delivery can effectively improve the psychological state of parturients,shorten labor duration,increase the rate of natural vaginal delivery,and reduce pain and postpartum hemorrhage.

Psychological and social aspects of infertility in men： an overview of the evidence and implications for psychologically informed clinical care and future research

Research concerning the psychosocial aspects of infertility and infertility treatment focuses more often on women than men. The aim of this review was to synthesize the English-language evidence related to the psychological and social aspects of infertility in men and discuss the implications of these reports for clinical care and future research. A structured search identified 73 studies that reported data concerning the desire for fatherhood and the psychological and social aspects of diagnosis, assisted reproductive technology （ART） treatment and unsuccessful treatment among men with fertility difficulties. The studies are diverse in conceptualisation, design, setting and data collection, but the findings were reasonably consistent. These studies indicated that fertile and infertile childless men of reproductive age have desires to experience parenthood that are similar to those of their female counterparts; in addition, diagnosis and initiation of treatment are associated with elevated infertility-specific anxiety, and unsuccessful treatment can lead to a state of lasting sadness. However, rates of clinically significant mental health problems among this patient population are no higher than in the general population. Infertile men who are socially isolated, have an avoidant coping style and appraise stressful events as overwhelming, are more vulnerable to severe anxiety than men without these characteristics. Men prefer oral to written treatment information and prefer to receive emotional support from infertility clinicians rather than from mental health professionals, self-help support groups or friends. Nevertheless, structured, facilitated psycho-educational groups that are didactic but permit informal sharing of experiences might be beneficial. There are gaps in knowledge about factors governing seeking, persisting with and deciding to cease treatment; experiences of invasive procedures; parenting after assisted conception; adoption and infertility-related grief and shame among men. Few resource-constrained countries have any data concerning male experiences of infertility.

Cult Social Prevention Under Psychological Perspective

The breeding and communication of cult are all realized on the base of psychological activities, psychological factors play an important role in preventing and resisting breeding and communication of cult, and in this paper, it demonstrates respectively at this point, and starts from forming the long-term mechanism of the Chinese cult governance and proposes the conception and specific suggestions accordingly of establishing the national psychological assistance system to prevent and resist breeding and communication of cult

Research on Multi-modal In-Vehicle Intelligent Personal Assistant Design

Intelligent personal assistants play a pivotal role in in-vehicle systems,significantly enhancing life efficiency,driving safety,and decision-making support.In this study,the multi-modal design elements of intelligent personal assistants within the context of visual,auditory,and somatosensory interactions with drivers were discussed.Their impact on the driver’s psychological state through various modes such as visual imagery,voice interaction,and gesture interaction were explored.The study also introduced innovative designs for in-vehicle intelligent personal assistants,incorporating design principles such as driver-centricity,prioritizing passenger safety,and utilizing timely feedback as a criterion.Additionally,the study employed design methods like driver behavior research and driving situation analysis to enhance the emotional connection between drivers and their vehicles,ultimately improving driver satisfaction and trust.

Effects of Sustained, Coordinated Activities Programming in Long-Term Care: The Memory in Rhythm® Program

Beneficial effects of providing engaging activities to long-term care residents have been well documented. However, it is important to determine the effects of activities when providing throughout the day, especially as they related to outcomes salient to administrators. We describe the creation and pilot testing of a sustained, coordinated activities program, Memory in Rhythm&#174(MIR), which incorporated Montessori-Based Dementia Programming&#153, in a skilled nursing facility (SNF). Effects of implementing MIR then were examined in memory care units in 16 aged care centers—9 SNFs and 7 assisted living residences in Ohio. For these centers, all data were collected over a period of one year before and one year after implementation of MIR. Results indicate that implementation of MIR was associated with reductions in medication use, increased census, decreased employee turnover, decreased wandering and agitation, and increased sleeping at night, eating and capacity for activities of daily living. In the SNFs, increases in RUGS case mix and use of Medicare Part B (rehabilitation services) were noted, while in assisted living implementation also was related to increased amount of time residents who were able to age in place. Implications of these findings are discussed.

Research progress of artificial psychology and artificial emotion in China

Since the concept of artificial psychology and artificial emotion was first presented, it has become a topic of interest in academic circles and enterprises. In this article, we first briefly introduce the basic concepts and principles of artificial psychology and artificial emotion, analyzing the unified macro-model of the cross-disciplinary system architecture against the need-motivation-behavior framework. Second, we discuss the origin of artificial psychology and artificial emotion, its course of development, and its present situation in China. We also present a review of the published papers and research endeavors of Chinese universities and research institutions and the technical engineering applications of artificial psychology and artificial emotion. Finally, we summarize the challenges to the further development of artificial psychology and artificial emotion and our recommendations for improving the cognitive computing model of psychological states and developing reliable and accurate humanoid interaction and cooperation technology, robot platforms with emotions and humanoid interaction and cooperation capabilities, and humanoid robots for the elderly and the disabled in smart homes. We believe that, with intensive research, artificial psychology and artificial emotion may be developed further and may eventually reach maturity.

术前IDEAS模式访视在肺癌胸腔镜辅助小切口手术患者中的应用效果

目的 探讨术前IDEAS模式访视在肺癌胸腔镜辅助小切口手术(VAMT)患者中的应用效果。方法根据干预方式的不同将80例肺癌VAMT患者分为对照组(n=34)和IDEAS组(n=46),对照组患者给予常规术前访视,IDEAS组患者给予术前IDEAS模式访视。比较两组患者的生理指标[脉率(PR)、舒张压(DBP)、收缩压(SBP)]、疼痛程度[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]、心理状态[汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)]、希望水平[Herth希望量表(HHI)]、满意度、住院时间及并发症发生情况。结果 干预后,两组患者PR、DBP、SBP均高于本组干预前,IDEAS组患者PR、DBP、SBP均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。干预后,两组患者VAS、HAMD、HAMA评分均低于本组干预前,HHI量表各维度评分均高于本组干预前,IDEAS组患者VAS、HAMD、HAMA评分均低于对照组,HHI量表各维度评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。IDEAS组患者的总满意率为100%,明显高于对照组患者的82.35%,住院时间明显短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。IDEAS组患者的并发症总发生率为4.35%,与对照组患者的11.76%比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论 术前IDEAS模式访视能有效改善肺癌VAMT患者的生理指标、心理状态和疼痛程度,提高希望水平,患者的满意度高。

突发应急事件救援后消防人员的心理健康状况及应对方式

为探究突发应急事件救援后消防人员的心理健康状况及应对方式,分析消防人员的心理健康状况与应对方式的关联。采用整群抽样的方法,选取“7·20”特大暴雨救灾的河南消防人员,利用SRQ-20、GAD-7、PHQ-9、SRSS和PTSD-7量表评估消防人员的心理健康状况;使用CSQ量表评估消防人员的应对方式特点,并探究消防人员心理健康状况及应对方式的关联。5332名消防人员中出现不同程度的心理健康问题,19.70%的存在情感痛苦,32.06%和38.14%的出现焦虑症状和抑郁症状,存在睡眠障碍的高达41.06%,创伤后应激障碍可疑阳性者为991人,占20.89%。消防人员的应对方式与心理健康状况相关分析显示,不同应对方式的消防人员的心理健康水平不同,消防人员应对方式以自责、幻想、退避和合理化为主时,其心理健康水平较低;以解决问题、求助为主要应对方式时,心理健康状况较好。突发应急事件救援后消防人员存在不同程度的心理健康问题,应对其进行不定期的心理健康素养的培养,在救援早期介入心理援助,培养建设性的应对方式,及时对高危人员进行心理干预和心理治疗。

An overview of studies on psychological well-being in children born following assisted reproductive technologies

Over the course of the past 35 years,assisted reproductive technologies(ARTs)have been increasingly used worldwide,while debates on their safety have been generated.Birth defects and imprinting disorders were reported in previous research.Thus,the psychological development of children born following ARTs has become a major concern nowadays.This review gives a systematic view of psychological well-being of children conceived by different types of ART,including in vitro fertilization,intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI),preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening,and in vitro maturation.The previous studies are analyzed in three sections:(1)cognitive,motor,and language developments,(2)behavior problems and socio-emotional development,and(3)parent-child relationship.We conclude that although the majority of the studies on cognitive,motor,and language developments reported comparable achievements in the ART group vs.the naturally conceived group,lower intelligence quotient(IQ)scores,worse visual-motor ability or locomotor development,and delayed receptive language competence were found in the ART group.The results on the socio-emotional development were reassuring.As for the behavior problems,a higher prevalence of behavior problems existed in ART children;moreover,ICSI children were found to be at a higher risk of autism than the general population.Meanwhile,ART parents tended to have positive parental attitudes and be more protective of their children.Some suggestions for further research are also given in this review.

认知行为团体心理护理干预在不孕患者中实施辅助生殖技术治疗的应用效果

目的:研究并分析认知行为团体心理护理在不孕患者中实施辅助生殖技术的效果。方法:选取2015年3月—2021年3月郑州大学第三附属医院收治的85例选择辅助生殖技术的不孕患者作为研究对象,根据入院时间分为观察组(43例)和对照组(42例)。观察组实施认知行为团体心理护理,对照组患者实施常规护理。比较两组患者护理前后焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、匹茨堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表情况及两组患者满意度。结果:干预后,两组患者中度+重度焦虑和中度+重度抑郁患者均减少,且观察组正常+轻度焦虑及正常+轻度抑郁患者数多于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=40.467、40.368、4.248、6.046,P<0.05);护理后,两组患者PSQI量表日间功能障碍、睡眠情况、主观睡眠质量评分及总分均较护理前下降,且观察组各项评分更低,差异有统计学意义(t=6.583、6.064、5.659、8.123,P<0.05);干预后,观察组患者满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.258,P<0.05)。结论:认知行为团体心理护理可有效缓解选择辅助生殖技术不孕患者的焦虑和抑郁等不良情绪,明显提高患者睡眠质量及护理满意度。

新形势下高校大学生心理求助行为研析——以天津市某高校大学生为例

通过对天津市某高校2023级大学生发出3000份调查问卷,考察大学生在处理心理问题时的求助倾向及妨碍其寻求专业帮助的原因,提出应从以下方面完善大学生心理求助体系:一是认清学生主体地位,鼓励学生进行自我心理疏导和相互帮助;二是改善大学生所处家庭社会环境,加大对心理问题的关注和宣传力度;三是高校强化政策引领,构建标准化立体化的心理辅导和课程体系。

体外受精-胚胎移植助孕女性述情障碍现状及影响因素分析

目的探讨体外受精-胚胎移植助孕女性述情障碍现状并分析影响因素,为临床干预提供参考。方法对294例行体外受精-胚胎移植的助孕女性,采用一般资料调查表、多伦多述情障碍量表、患者健康问卷抑郁量表、不孕症病耻感量表进行问卷调查。结果体外受精-胚胎移植助孕女性述情障碍总分为(55.53±9.15)分,述情障碍发生率为30.27%。多元线性回归分析结果显示,受教育程度、抑郁、不孕症病耻感是体外受精-胚胎移植助孕女性述情障碍的影响因素(均P<0.05),可解释述情障碍总变异的35.1%。结论体外受精-胚胎移植助孕女性述情障碍水平较高,建议临床护理人员及时关注受教育程度低、不孕治疗年限长、抑郁程度高、不孕症病耻感水平高的助孕女性的情感表达,实施针对性心理护理,改善其述情障碍。

灾后心理援助人员胜任力的内涵结构与关键指标

灾后心理援助是灾害应急救助机制中的重要一环,立足于我国加强应急能力现代化建设的现实要求,本文引入灾后心理援助人员胜任力的概念。在系统梳理胜任力概念及其构成要素的基础上,通过比较各国际组织及主要国家所提出的灾后心理援助人员的核心胜任力,同时结合中国国情及国内外相关文献研究,本文提出了具有“分级”、“分水平”、“分领域”特点的灾后心理援助人员胜任力指标体系,包含个人特质、基础知识、基本技能、专业知识、专业技能、督导培训能力六个方面的金字塔式胜任力关键指标。未来应加强对灾后心理援助人员胜任力指标体系的深入研究与循环论证,并深化对该指标体系的实践运用。

高校朋辈心理互助平台“1+”系列建设路径探析

心理健康教育工作是高校思想政治工作的重要内容,除了发挥心理健康教育专职教师的作用,更要重视高校心理健康教育网络和平台建设。朋辈互助在日常预警防控、心理援助服务、跟踪评估反馈等方面有独特优势,能够为高校心理健康教育带来新思路。当前高校朋辈心理互助平台建设时间短、专业化程度低、交互能力弱,朋辈互助作用尚未充分发挥。通过分析当前高校朋辈心理互助平台建设现状,结合学校社会工作的专业优势,从形成“1+1”帮扶互助、搭建“1+4”密合型互助体系、打造“1+100”团体心理互助模式、创新“1+N”平台结构四个方面,探索高校朋辈心理互助平台建设路径。

动物辅助干预在老年抑郁人群中应用现状的范围综述

背景老年抑郁是老年人群常见的精神问题。动物辅助干预(AAI)有助于治疗精神疾病,但其在老年抑郁群体中的应用效果存在争议。目的对AAI缓解老年抑郁的研究现状进行综述,为制定老年抑郁人群的AAI方案提供参考。方法根据Arksey范围综述方法确定问题,于2023年4月16日,检索中国知网、维普数据库、万方医学网、中国生物医学文献数据库、Web of Science、PubMed、CINAHL、Cochrane Library、Embase,收集AAI与老年抑郁相关的文献,检索时限为建库至2023年4月15日。由经过统一培训的两名研究者独立进行文献筛选,并提取纳入文献的基本信息。结果共纳入13篇文献。进行AAI的场所包括养老院、医院、社区、日间照护中心、住宅;干预内容包括抚摸动物和对动物命名、与动物进行言语互动、与动物玩游戏、与治疗师对话、学习饲养动物。AAI有助于改善老年抑郁人群的社会交往和沟通能力、带来积极的情感体验,提高生活满意度等,但其对认知功能的改善效果存在争议。结论AAI可能有助于改善老年抑郁人群的负性情绪和抑郁症状。

心理援助计划(EAP)在铁路一线站段的运用

以某铁路维修工区170名职工为调查对象,采用铁路职工心理测评综合量表(心理健康评估子量表、社会健康评估子量表)进行问卷调查。根据第一次问卷结果制订针对性的心理援助计划,通过心理健康讲座、个体心理咨询和组织建议进行干预,6个月后进行第二次问卷调查。结果显示,第二次问卷的职工心理健康得分和社会健康得分均较第一次问卷有所提升,差异有统计学意义。说明铁路企业EAP的引入能够有效缓解职工职业压力,提升整体健康状况评分;进而在领导组织、专业队伍建设、推广应用等方面提出了建议。

强化心理护理对再次行辅助生殖技术治疗患者的影响

目的探讨强化心理护理干预对再次行辅助生殖技术治疗不孕患者负性情绪、睡眠质量、生活质量的影响。方法选取2021年3月-2022年3月医院行辅助生殖技术治疗的不孕症患者120例,按组间基本资料匹配原则分为观察组和对照组各60例。对照组在治疗期间行常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上行强化心理护理。比较两组患者负性情绪、睡眠质量、生活质量、希望水平评分、辅助生殖技术治疗结局及护理满意程度。结果干预前两组患者汉密尔顿焦虑评分(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁评分(HAMD)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后观察组HAMA、HAMD评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前两组患者入睡时间、匹兹堡睡眠质量评分(PSQI)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后观察组患者入睡时间、PSQI评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前两组患者世界卫生组织生活质量测定量表(WHO-QOL)、希望水平量表(Herth)评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后观察组患者WHO-QOL、Herth评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者妊娠率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组平均优质胚胎数比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组患者护理满意程度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对再次行辅助生殖技术治疗的不孕症患者实施强化心理护理,可纠正患者的负性情绪,继而改善患者的睡眠质量、生活质量、希望水平,最终有助于患者成功妊娠。

医院心理援助热线接线员的志愿动机与应对方式现状及相关性分析

目的:调查医院心理援助热线接线员的志愿动机与应对方式现状并分析二者相关性。方法:2022年11月一12月,选取湖南省某三甲医院的118名心理援助热线接线员为研究对象,采用志愿动机量表、特质应对方式问卷进行调查,并对结果进行相关性分析。结果:回收有效问卷102份,102名医院心理援助热线接线员志愿动机总分为(5.87±0.63)分。不同生育状况接线员的学习理解、自我增强得分比较差异有统计学意义,不同工作年限接线员的自我保护得分比较差异有统计学意义,不同科室接线员的职业生涯得分比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。积极应对与志愿动机总分呈正相关(r=0.560,P<0.01),消极应对与志愿动机总分呈负相关(r=-0.308,P<0.05)。结论:医院心理援助热线接线员参与志愿服务的动机多样化,且志愿动机与积极应对方式呈正相关,增强接线员的积极应对有利于提高其志愿动机。