A New Mathematical Justification for the Hypothesis of the Longevity of Jupiter’s Great Red Spot

As is known, the Great Red Spot (GRS) is one of the most mysterious sights in the solar system and is a strong storm that is quite large. According to the laws of hydrodynamics and gas dynamics, it should have disappeared several centuries ago, but scientists still observe it and cannot accurately explain this phenomenon. Since turbulence and atmospheric waves in the GRS region absorb the energy of its winds, the vortex loses energy by radiating heat. In the work, it is proved with a mathematical and non-classical approach that the GRS and anticyclones will live for a long time;otherwise, we had to first of all prove that the vortex threads (loops) and ovals could not exist. Based on these supports, mathematical methods prove their existence forever by observing a large vortex (GRS);moreover, they are sources of heat. When proofs are obtained, the results are consistent with the previous hypotheses of the researcher. The introduction of the work gives a comparison of various hypotheses;for example, one of them states that the decrease in the size of the GRS is only an illusory observation. Next, we first consider the applicability conditions for the mathematical justification of the hypothesis of the longevity of the Great Red Spot. The wind equation and the GRS are energized by absorbing smaller eddies and ovals, and this total energy is constant. With the help of the KH mechanism in the case of Brunt Vaisala, the frequencies (which can be calculated by a program with given formulas) are determined using very strictly mathematical evidence to substantiate the validity of the hypothesis about the longevity of Jupiter’s Great Red Spot.

Daoist theories and techniques of longevity and their influence on traditional Chinesemedicine

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has rich theories and techniques for health maintenance.Its cultural tradition of emphasizing health maintenance is not only related to its medical function of treating injuries and diseases and prolonging life span but also closely related to Daoism,which is the fundamental religious tenet of pursuing immortality in Chinese culture.As this paper reviews,the fanatical Daoist religious culture of pursuing immortality has influenced the formation of a medical culture in TCM that cares about longevity and values health and wellness.However,this health and wellness culture is more practical–it replaces immortality with longevity as the goal.The Daoist religious concept of longevity is preserved in the basic principles and ethical values of health care:it emphasizes the harmony and consistency of the spirit and the body.It turns a lifestyle of maintaining physical and spiritual health into the pursuit of an ideal state of life.As for the specific Daoist health techniques,there are various cases of inheritance,change or abandonment:TCM inherited most of the drugs and prescriptions from the Daoist longevity techniques based on natural medicines taking and formed a popular health culture of medicinal and dietary supplements;TCM also developed internal health techniques such as internal elixir and breathing practice from Daoist internal health maintenance techniques for physical health care and disease treatment;TCM did not completely accept recipe techniques such as inedia and sex manual from Daoism because they contradicted with its secularization concept,but their general value orientation of lightness and low desire also influenced its concept of health care.

植物种子衰老机制研究进展

种子在贮藏过程中的衰老即可直接导致建苗迟缓,幼苗畸形,最终影响作物产量,也可以导致商业贮藏中粮食品质的下降,还会影响种质资源库的更新周期和自然环境野生植物的生存。因此,深入认识种子衰老的生物学过程,对于农业生产和种质资源安全保存具有重要意义。本文系统综述了植物种子衰老生物学特征,从基因到表型,分析造成种子衰老的内外因,包括种子衰老过程中解剖结构、亚细胞结构、生理生化和分子生物学原因,以及环境等外界诱导因素,构建出一个完整种子衰老网络图。以期为种子衰老机理、种子活力修复和种质资源保存等研究提供基础理论参考。

论长寿内卷化

进入长寿时代后,农村老年人在其高龄阶段的生命历程中,会遭遇各种负性生活事件。伴随其机体衰退,他们会不可避免地坠入巨大的生活风险之中。结合中国传统的老龄观,通过对“内卷化”这一概念的辨析和创造性转化,可以构建“长寿内卷化”的概念,以理解当前农村高龄老年人的生活风险状态。当高龄老年人的生命历程步入内卷点之后,其寿命虽然仍然在延长,但由于各种负性生命事件的发生和影响,生命质量却开始下滑,与理想状态相反的是,这段生命历程将持续进入病寿、苦寿、辱寿等单一存在或同时并存的生活风险状态;当这一曲线下滑至接近生命质量轴的交叉点时,它意味着高龄老年人生命主动或被动的终结。支撑从长寿内卷化到生活风险发生的机制是,城镇化进程带来的社会压力通过环状结构的新家庭结构形式向高龄老年人转移。秉持积极老龄观,加强政策干预,实现长寿去内卷化,是长寿时代所必需面对的重要议题。作为一个分析性概念的“长寿内卷化”,不仅对理解当前农村高龄老年人的生活风险具有理论意义和政策意义,将来也同样适用于分析城市高龄老年人的生活风险状况。

老龄社会健康风险与韧性治理

随着中国进入老龄社会,人口老龄化呈现规模大、增速快、水平高、差异大和结构稳的显著特点。老年群体健康问题凸显,老龄社会健康风险成为亟待关注的重要治理议题,传统治理模式效果欠佳,需要引入韧性治理以快速、积极和高效地应对风险冲击和挑战。中国老龄社会健康风险是在人口老龄化迅速加深和老年群体健康问题显现双重叠加下产生的,以老年人健康问题为核心,给人口和社会可持续发展带来高度不确定性、损失性和复杂性的多维风险,具有基础性、系统性和全人群全周期性等特点。为此,老龄社会健康风险的韧性治理需要以老年群体韧性实现的动态过程为核心,以全人群全周期、动态调适和分类管理为原则性理念,以过程管理为主要手段,以多元主体协同为基本结构,以预防、减轻和化解健康风险及其后果为根本目标,化危为机。未来,中国在老龄社会健康风险治理上还需要坚持全球视野和跨学科视角,为健康老龄化的全球治理贡献中国经验。

首钢长钢8号高炉长寿生产实践

高炉长寿是一项系统工程,仅靠任何单一技术无法实现高炉长寿目标,必须统筹考虑高炉设计、砌筑、维护及操作等各个环节。首钢长钢8号高炉第二代炉龄在加强高炉长寿方面通过建立完善的监控设施、推行高炉长寿体检管控模式、建立数据化研判机制、推行护炉措施、控制边缘气流、在线更换冷却壁、炉衬喷补以及精细化高炉操作等措施,实现了高炉稳定顺行,单位炉容产铁量10 640 t/m^(3),达到长寿高炉标准。

不同死亡率标准下区域长寿死亡占比指标一致性分析

目的 分析死亡漏报对区域长寿相关死亡占比水平的影响,以期为利用人口死亡登记数据开展区域长寿水平评价提供依据。方法 基于2019年全国人口死亡登记数据计算各个区县的粗死亡率。按照不同的粗死亡率标准(粗死亡率≥4.5‰,≥5.0‰,≥6.0‰,≥7.0‰)分别计算相应纳入标准情况下百岁老人、长寿老人、高龄老人死亡占比等9个指标的全国水平,采用标准差和变异系数评价各个指标的稳定性。在省级和地市水平分别计算纳入全部监测区县和只纳入粗死亡率≥6.0‰区县情况下的9个死亡占比指标,采用基于百分位数法的Bland-Altman散点图法评价两种情况下各个指标的一致性。结果 在全国水平,100岁及以上死亡占比指标的标准差最小(0.01~0.02),其次是90岁及以上死亡占比指标(0.13~0.18),80岁及以上死亡占比指标的标准差最大(0.20~0.33);变异系数最小的指标是80+/60+和100+/90+(0.43~0.44),变异系数最大的指标是100+/all和90+/all(1.69~1.80)。在省级水平和地市水平,9个死亡占比指标的95%LoA均超出了相应的专业可接受范围,意味着两种情况下的指标测量结果不可互相替换。结论 死亡漏报对全国水平长寿死亡占比指标影响较小,但是对省级水平和地市水平影响较大。在依托人口死亡登记数据报告区域长寿死亡占比指标时须遴选数据完整性较高(粗死亡率≥6.0‰)的区县进行测算,以保证结果的准确性。

薏米对果蝇生长发育的影响

以黑腹果蝇为试验材料,设置不同浓度的薏米培养基(0%、10%、15%、20%),探究薏米培养基对果蝇繁殖力、雌雄比例、体重、寿命及过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的影响,以期为薏米的合理使用提供理论依据.结果显示:随着薏米浓度的逐渐提高,果蝇的成蛹数、羽化数、寿命和体重均呈现先升高后降低的趋势.当薏米浓度在0%~15%区间时,果蝇的成蛹数、羽化数、寿命和体重均呈现为逐渐提高,15%时各项所测指标最高:成蛹数、羽化数分别为64.33只和60.00只,雌、雄果蝇的寿命分别为65 d和62 d,雌、雄果蝇的体重分别达1.382 g和1.180 g.果蝇的过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性也随薏米浓度的增加而增加,当浓度为20%时,过氧化氢酶活性最高,雌、雄果蝇分别达15.77 U/mg和14.96 U/mg.可见,15%的薏米培养基最适宜果蝇的生长发育,20%的薏米培养基对果蝇CAT活性的提高最显著,但薏米浓度对果蝇的雌雄比例影响不明显.

渐进式延迟退休:致因、机遇与进路

我国面临人口老龄化加速和人口负增长加剧相互交汇的老龄社会新常态,恰逢中国式现代化强国建设周期,构成实施渐进式退休改革的时代背景。坚持核心问题导向,当前亟须紧紧把握“一大致因”“二重机遇”和“三个关系”,这是理解并支撑延迟退休改革落地的关键。老龄社会是延迟退休的核心致因,人口结构变化规律表明我国已处于实施延迟退休改革的机会窗口后期,参考先行国家经验,及时实施延迟退休改革具有客观必然性和现实紧迫性。释放长寿红利和增进老年人福祉赋予延迟退休二重机遇,人力资源和人力资本潜力巨大,个人价值和社会价值同向提升,助力在问题应对中转危为机,寻找问题的化解之道,发挥制度优势。面向未来,建构实施延迟退休改革的进路应主要聚焦于延迟退休与劳动力市场、隔代照料、养老保险构成的三个关系,亟需围绕这三个关系完善延迟退休的就业公共服务体系和配套支撑措施,健全人口服务体系,深化养老保险制度改革,推动就业体系、产业结构全面改革,挖掘经济增长新动能,为世界各国应对人口老龄化提供一个富有中国特色、充满中国智慧的行动方案和坐标参考。

微根管和根箱法在亚热带细根寿命研究中的应用

由于研究方法的限制,植物细根寿命的准确估算仍较为困难,因此寻求一种准确的研究方法对细根寿命进行研究显得十分重要。微根管法和根箱法能够在不干扰细根生命过程的前提下连续观测植物细根动态,是一种非破坏性观测方法,被较多地应用于野外观测。结合课题组多年来运用微根管技术和根箱技术研究中亚热带代表性植物细根寿命的实例,对微根管法和根箱法的具体应用进行了介绍和分析,主要包括两种方法的具体实验设计、图片采集及分析、数据处理等,以期为促进对森林生产力和碳源汇控制机理的理解提供借鉴。

清宫寿戏《福寿延年》内廷演出考略

《福寿延年》为清宫常演的多本寿戏,现今可见的早期剧本有嘉庆年间所用串关、题纲。在内廷搬演过程中,全剧经历个别处文字微调后总体保持稳定,每次仅据承应对象的变化对颂词做调整,以适应实际表演的需要。自嘉庆朝以后,其于同治、光绪两朝接连上演,尤以光绪一朝为盛,一直延续至光绪末期。演出场合主要为万寿承应,具体包括皇帝万寿承应和皇太后万寿承应,在慈禧四旬、五旬、七旬万寿时均有演出。此外,偶尔在一些节令如除夕或元旦承应演出中出现。具体演出形式有两种,绝大多数时为全本演出,个别情况下挑演部分出目。

江苏地区荷斯坦成母牛长寿性状遗传参数估计

旨在估计荷斯坦成母牛长寿性状遗传参数及评估育种值,为提高生产性能及实施平衡育种提供参考。本研究共收集江苏地区9个规模化牧场2017—2023年间19 756头荷斯坦成母牛的离群记录,分析牛只的长寿性和淘汰情况。利用R软件的GLM程序对影响奶牛长寿性状的固定效应(包括牧场、出生年季、头胎产犊月龄)进行显著性检验;采用BLUPF90软件进行遗传参数估计以及育种值评估,并绘制遗传趋势图。结果表明:江苏地区规模化牧场成母牛平均在群寿命为1 640.87 d,生产寿命为917.15 d,平均利用胎次为2.60胎;长寿性状遗传力估计值变化范围为0.07~0.15,属低遗传力性状;7个长寿性状(在群天数、生产寿命、利用胎次和L1-L4)间均具有中等到较高的遗传和表型相关(0.27~0.99),其中在群寿命与生产寿命的相关性趋近于1;通过计算长寿性状的育种值,绘制遗传趋势图,发现近年来长寿性状遗传进展缓慢且整体呈下降趋势。本研究对江苏地区规模化牧场成母牛长寿性状进行了系统的遗传分析,可为制定南方地区奶牛长寿性状育种规划提供参考。

堰塞坝溃决参数及其寿命预测

堰塞坝溃决洪水对下游影响区域的人民生命财产、基础设施以及生态环境构成严重威胁,提高堰塞坝溃决参数及其寿命预测的准确度是应急处置的迫切需求。本文对全球1957组堰塞坝案例分别进行地理、统计学分析,在得到溃决参数主要影响因素的基础上,选取数据库中拥有完整信息的48组案例,利用非线性回归方法分别建立了洪峰流量、破坏深度、溃口顶宽、溃口底宽和溃决时长的预测模型,其均具有较高的拟合程度。之后分析了堰塞坝溃决参数的敏感性,结果显示坝高对溃决过程有显著影响。此外,基于19组寿命信息充分的案例,使用不同自变量和算法分别建立了蓄水阶段持续时间、溢流阶段持续时间的预测模型,并采用加权融合法提出了相应的融合模型。该成果可为量化评估堰塞坝溃决过程参数和寿命预测提供参考。

补充不同糖类对夜蛾黑卵蜂成蜂寿命及繁殖力的影响

糖类是昆虫生长发育和繁殖所必需的营养物质,为提高夜蛾黑卵蜂的扩繁效率及控害能力,本研究在室内分别测定了饲喂10%、15%、20%的葡萄糖和蔗糖对夜蛾黑卵蜂成蜂繁殖力、寿命及子代羽化率的影响。结果表明:以斜纹夜蛾卵或草地贪夜蛾卵为寄主扩繁夜蛾黑卵蜂时,饲喂20%葡萄糖或蔗糖的夜蛾黑卵蜂雌蜂寿命最长,且葡萄糖对雌蜂寿命的延长效果显著高于蔗糖。饲喂10%葡萄糖或蔗糖的雌蜂产卵量最高;其中以斜纹夜蛾卵为寄主时,葡萄糖对雌蜂产卵量的增加作用显著高于蔗糖;但以草地贪夜蛾卵为寄主时,饲喂蔗糖的促产卵效果优于葡萄糖。寄主相同时,蔗糖对提高夜蛾黑卵蜂子代羽化率和雌性比的效果显著强于葡萄糖。本研究证明,补充20%葡萄糖能显著延长夜蛾黑卵蜂的寿命,补充蔗糖可有效提高其繁殖力,试验结果可为提高夜蛾黑卵蜂的大量扩繁能力和防控应用提供参考依据。

补充营养对番茄潜叶蛾成虫寿命和产卵量的影响

番茄潜叶蛾Tuta absoluta(Meyrick)是一种世界性检疫性害虫,于2017年入侵我国。为了更好地在实验室内饲养该害虫,获得大量供试虫源,本文针对番茄潜叶蛾成虫取食不同外源营养对其产卵量及寿命的影响进行了研究。结果表明,番茄潜叶蛾雌成虫在取食5%蜂蜜水、5%葡萄糖水和5%蔗糖水后,平均单雌产卵量较对照组均有提高,分别为(263.4±13.17)粒、(175.6±8.78)粒和(147.4±7.37)粒。补充不同营养对番茄潜叶蛾雌雄成虫寿命的影响有显著性差异;其中补充5%蜂蜜水和5%蔗糖水时,雌成虫寿命分别为(23±1.15)d和(22±1.1)d,高于5%葡萄糖水和清水对照处理。补充5%蜂蜜水时,雄成虫寿命最长,为(21±1.05)d,高于其他处理;而5%蔗糖水和5%葡萄糖水处理下雄成虫最长寿命均为(18±0.9)d;清水对照处理下的雄成虫寿命最短,仅为(14±0.7)d。且每个处理下的雄成虫寿命均低于雌成虫。综上所述,5%蜂蜜水对番茄潜叶蛾成虫寿命及产卵量具有显著影响,可作为成虫补充营养的最佳选择。

Myotis bat STING attenuates aging-related inflammation in female mice

Bats,notable as the only flying mammals,serve as natural reservoir hosts for various highly pathogenic viruses in humans(e.g.,SARS-CoV and Ebola virus).Furthermore,bats exhibit an unparalleled longevity among mammals relative to their size,particularly the Myotis bats,which can live up to 40 years.However,the mechanisms underlying these distinctive traits remain incompletely understood.In our prior research,we demonstrated that bats exhibit dampened STING-interferon activation,potentially conferring upon them the capacity to mitigate virus-or aging-induced inflammation.To substantiate this hypothesis,we established the first in vivo bat-mouse model for aging studies by integrating Myotis davidii bat STING(MdSTING)into the mouse genome.We monitored the genotypes of these mice and performed a longitudinal comparative transcriptomic analysis on MdSTING and wild-type mice over a 3-year aging process.Blood transcriptomic analysis indicated a reduction in aging-related inflammation in female MdSTING mice,as evidenced by significantly lower levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines,immunopathology,and neutrophil recruitment in aged female MdSTING mice compared to aged wild-type mice in vivo.These results indicated that MdSTING knock-in attenuates the aging-related inflammatory response and may also improve the healthspan in mice in a sex-dependent manner.Although the underlying mechanism awaits further study,this research has critical implications for bat longevity research,potentially contributing to our comprehension of healthy aging in humans.

Influence of soaking Malus domeri(Bois)Chev.leaves on gut microbiota and metabolites of long-living elderly individuals in Hezhou city,Guangxi,China

To investigate the effects of drinking the soaking of Malus domeri(Bois)Chev.leaves on gut microbiota and metabolites of long-living elderly individuals in Hezhou city,Guangxi,China.It has been reported that longevity is closely related to metabolism and the gut microbiota.The 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)were used to analysis fecal samples and explore the factors affecting longevity in the region.Interestingly,we discovered,that elderly individuals who had been drinking the soaking of M.domeri(Bois)Chev.leaves for a long time exhibited higher diversity of the gut microbiota than without drinking the soaking,notably.The proportions of Ruminococcaceae and Prevotella were decreased in those who did not drink this soaking.In addition,a total of 106 metabolites were characterized,and the people of long-lived people(>90 years old)and elderly people(<90 years old)who drinking soaking of M.domeri(Bois)Chev.leaves significantly altered the gut microbiota and upregulated levels of haplopine,farnesol,genipic acid,momordicinin,2-hydroxyestrone,hydroxyphenyllactic acid,caffeic acid,sophoraflavanone B,and soyasaponin I.We preliminarily determined that M.domeri(Bois)Chev.leaves consumption may be an important factor affecting longevity in this area.

Insights into upper blepharoplasty: Conservative volume-preserving techniques

This editorial commentary critically examines the systematic review by Miotti et al,which discusses the evolving trends in upper lid blepharoplasty towards a conservative,volume-preserving approach.The review emphasizes the shift from traditional tissue resection to techniques that maintain anatomical integrity,paralleling broader trends in panfacial rejuvenation.Miotti et al delve into the nuances of fat pad management,advocating for conservation over reduction to sustain natural contours and improve long-term aesthetic outcomes.This perspective is supported by comparative studies and empirical data,such as those from Massry and Alghoul et al,highlighting the benefits of conservative approaches in terms of patient satisfaction and aesthetic longevity.The review also stresses the importance of surgeon discretion in adapting procedures to diverse patient demographics,particularly in addressing distinct features such as the Asian upper eyelid.However,it identifies a significant gap in long-term comparative research,underscoring the need for future studies to substantiate the safety and efficacy of these minimalist techniques.Overall,Miotti et al.'s work contributes profoundly to the discourse on personalized,conservative cosmetic surgery,urging ongoing research to refine and validate surgical best practices in upper eyelid blepharoplasty.

余甘子水提物对黑腹果蝇寿命及攀爬能力的保护作用

目的:余甘子(PE)是一种富含多种酚类物质和有机酸等化合物的药食两用植物资源。本研究拟探讨PE水提物对正常生理条件和镉(Cd)胁迫条件下果蝇寿命及攀爬能力的影响。方法:采用1.6、8、16 mg/mL PE水提物分别作用于野生型雌雄红黑腹果蝇,寻找有效提高其寿命及攀爬能力的最佳PE水提物浓度和最佳处理时间,并检测最佳浓度PE水提物处理后对雌雄果蝇体内SOD、CAT活性、MDA含量的影响。用5、10、20、40 mg/L CdCl_(2)单独作用于雌雄果蝇,摸索有效降低果蝇寿命的最适CdCl_(2)浓度,在此基础上采用1.6、8、16 mg/mL PE水提物联合最适浓度CdCl_(2)处理雌雄果蝇,探讨PE水提物对Cd胁迫下雌雄果蝇寿命及攀爬能力的影响。结果:与对照组相比,16 mg/mL PE水提物有助于延长正常生理条件下雌雄果蝇寿命(P<0.05);在最佳浓度(雌性1.6 mg/mL、雄性8 mg/mL)PE水提物处理下,有效提高雌雄果蝇攀爬能力的最佳处理时间呈现出性别差异,雌果蝇的最佳处理时间为22 d,雄果蝇为10 d,但最佳浓度PE水提物分别处理雌雄果蝇10、22、33、45 d均不能提高其体内抗氧化酶活性。与对照组相比,40 mg/L CdCl_(2)作用下雌雄果蝇的平均寿命降低最多(P<0.01),后续以40 mg/L作为最适Cd胁迫浓度。与对照组比较,8和16 mg/mL PE水提物有助于延长40 mg/L CdCl_(2)胁迫下雄果蝇的寿命但处理18 d后其攀爬能力显著降低(P<0.05),1.6、8和16 mg/mL PE水提物处理对雌果蝇的寿命和攀爬能力则均无显著影响(P>0.05)。结论:PE水提物有助于延长正常生理条件下雌雄果蝇的寿命和攀爬能力,延长Cd胁迫下雄果蝇的寿命但降低其攀爬能力,表明PE对果蝇的保护作用存在性别差异。

Assessment of Axial Power Peaking Factors in GHARR-1 LEU Core: A Decadal Simulation Analysis

This study aims to thoroughly investigate the axial power peaking factors (PPF) within the low-enriched uranium (LEU) core of the Ghana Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-1). This study uses advanced simulation tools, like the MCNPX code for analysing neutron behavior and the PARET/ANL code for understanding power variations, to get a clearer picture of the reactor’s performance. The analysis covers the initial six years of GHARR-1’s operation and includes projections for its whole 60-year lifespan. We closely observed the patterns of both the highest and average PPFs at 21 axial nodes, with measurements taken every ten years. The findings of this study reveal important patterns in power distribution within the core, which are essential for improving the safety regulations and fuel management techniques of the reactor. We provide a meticulous approach, extensive data, and an analysis of the findings, highlighting the significance of continuous monitoring and analysis for proactive management of nuclear reactors. The findings of this study not only enhance our comprehension of nuclear reactor safety but also carry significant ramifications for sustainable energy progress in Ghana and the wider global context. Nuclear engineering is essential in tackling global concerns, such as the demand for clean and dependable energy sources. Research on optimising nuclear reactors, particularly in terms of safety and efficiency, is crucial for the ongoing advancement and acceptance of nuclear energy.