Analysis of Volatile Constituents in Lonicera japonica Thunb. from Different Origins by GC-MS

[Objective] This study aimed to analyze the volatile constituents in Lonicera japonica Thunb. from different origins. [Method] HP-5MS capillary columns were used and column temperature was controlled by a program. MS analysis was performed with EI and quadruple mass analyzer. The volatile constituents in L. japonica Thunb. were identified by NIST02 and Wiley275 libraries, and their relative contents were determined with chromatographic peak area normalization method. [Result] According to GC-MS total ion-current chromatograms, 35 volatile constituents were identified in L. japonica Thunb. from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, mainly including methyl linolenate, n-hexadecanoic acid and ζ-muurolene; 18 volatile constituents were identified in L. japonica Thunb. from Hunan Province, mainly including n-hexadecanoic acid, linoleic acid and α-curcumene. [Conclusion] Main volatile constituents in L. japonica Thunb. from two different origins varied significantly.

Effect of Different Factors on Rooting Characteristics and Survival of Lonicera japonica Thunb

[Objective] The aim was to explore the effects of different factors on rapid propagation and seedling survival of Lonicera japonica Thunb. [Method] The cuttings of 1, 2 or 3 years old, with different length, were soaked in different hormones at different concentrations for different time and planted at different dates. Finally, their rooting rate and survival rate in different treatments were measured and compared. [Result] The rooting rate and survival rate of one-year old cuttings with length of 10-13 cm and planted on September 20 and October 20, 2012 were relatively higher among all the treatments. Hormone treatment could significantly promote the callus formation and accelerate the rooting of the cuttings, and improve their survival rate. The cuttings treated with 120-200 mg/L ABT1 or NAA for 35-45 min had higher rooting rate and survival rate. Among them, the survival rate of cuttings treated with 160 mg/L ABT1 for 35 min was the highest, up to 92.5%. [Conclusion] The study provided basis for improving the survival rate of L. japonica by cuttage, and for optimizing the rapid propagation technique.

Anti-encystment and amoebicidal activity of Lonicera japonica Thunb. and its major constituent Chlorogenic acid in vitro

Objective:To examine the acanthamoebicidal effects of ethyl acetate,aqueous and butanol fractions of dried flower buds of Lonicera japonica(L.japonica) Thunb.(Flos Lonicerae) in vitro.Methods:Acanthamoeba triangularis isolates were obtained from environmental water samples and identified by PCR.They were exposed to ethyl acetate,water and butanol fractions of L.japonica Thunb.at concentrations ranging from 0.5 mg/m L to 1.5 mg/m L.The extracts were evaluated for growth inhibition at 24,48 and 72 h,respectively.Chlorogenic acid at a concentration of 1 mg/mL was examined for inhibition of encystment.Results:Ethyl acetate fraction at a concentration of 1.5 mg/mL evoked a significant reduction of trophozoite viability by 48.9% after 24 h,49.2% after 48 h and 33.7% after 72 h Chlorogenic acid,the major active constituent of L.japonica Thunb.at the concentration of 1 mg/mL reduced the cysts/trophozoite ratio by 100% after 24 h,84.0% after 48 h and 72.3% after 72 h.This phenolic compound at concentration of 1 mg/mL concurrent with 0.6% hydrogen peroxide inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced encystment by 92.8% at 72 h.Conclusions:Results obtained from this study show that ethyl acetate fraction at 1.5 mg/m L is the most potent fraction of L.japonica Thunb.and its major constituent chlorogenic acid showed the remarkable inhibition of encystment at a concentration of 1 mg/mL.

Review of Factors Influencing Active Components of Lonicera japonica Thunb.

Lonicera japonica Thunb. is a typical medicinal and edible plant in China. It has antibacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-endotoxin, and anti-inflammatory effects, etc. Its pharmacological action is closely related to its active components. Based on the results of previous studies, this paper summarized the effects of variety, origin, cultivation conditions, pruning, harvesting period and processing methods on the active components of L. japonica , in the hope of providing theoretical guidance for high-yield and high-quality cultivation of L. japonica.

Protective effect of different medicinal parts of Lonicera japonica Thunb. on myocardial ischemic injury induced by isoproterenol in rats

Background:To study the protective effect of different medicinal parts of honeysuckle on myocardial ischemia injury in rats.Method:SD mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:the normal group,model group,compound salvia miltiorrhiza group,Lonicera japonica Thunb.of flower bud group,flower group,and the stem leaf group.There were 8 rats in each group,including 4 males and 4 females.The normal group and model group were given equal amount of distilled water,whereas the other dosage groups were given the appropriate drug by intragastric administration,continuous gavage for 14 days.From the 12 days,in addition to the normal group were injected of the same amount of normal saline,the other groups were injected with 5g/kg.Injection of isoproterenol to establish the mouce mycardial ischemia model,its continuously 3d.To detect the serum of AST,CK,CK-MB,LDH and the myocardial issue of Chinese super oxideismutase and malondialdehyde level.Results:Compared with normal group,the levels of AST,CK,CK-MB,cTn-I,LDH and malondialdehyde were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.01)and the level of super oxideismutase decreased significantly(P<0.01)the levels of AST,CK,CK-MB,cTn-I,LDH and malondialdehyde in the serum of flower bud group,flower group and stem leaf group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the decreasing level of flower bud group,flower,leaf group of AST,CK,CK-MB,cTn-I,LDH and malondialdehyde was flower bud group>flower>leaf group,the activity of super oxideismutase was obviously increased,and the activity level of super oxideismutase of flower bud group,flower group and stem leaf group was flower bud group>flower>leaf group.Conclusion:In the myocardial ischemic injury model of rats induced by isoproterenol,Lonicera japonica Thunb.had a protective effect in all parts,and Lonicera japonica Thunb.bud had the greatest protective effect.

金银花总黄酮低共熔溶剂提取工艺优化

目的优化金银花总黄酮低共熔溶剂提取工艺。方法在单因素试验基础上,以1,3-丁二醇与氯化胆碱比例、液料比、超声时间为影响因素,总黄酮得率为评价指标,响应面法和BP神经网络优化提取工艺。结果BP神经网络优化总黄酮得率高于响应面法优化。最优条件为1,3-丁二醇与氯化胆碱比例2.7∶1,液料比27∶1,超声时间29 min,总黄酮得率为7.85%。结论该方法稳定可靠,可用于低共熔溶剂提取金银花总黄酮。

金银花对金黄色葡萄球菌体外抑菌作用研究

目的比较金银花对甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)和甲氧西林耐药金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)体外抑菌活性差异。方法收集30株MSSA和30株MRSA菌,使用头孢西丁筛选试验和mecA基因检测对菌株进行验证,使用琼脂打孔法检测金银花对两类金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性并比较差异,使用琼脂稀释法检测金银花对两类金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC并计算出MIC_(50)。结果金银花对MSSA和MRSA均有体外抑菌活性且MIC_(50)均为3.125 mg/mL。结论金银花对MSSA和MRSA均有较好的体外抑菌活性,在临床治疗金黄色葡萄球菌感染方面有很大的应用前景。

金银花茎的浸提液对旋覆花的化感作用

为了研究金银花茎的浸提液对旋覆花幼苗的化感作用及利用化感作用进行生物防除的可能性,论文采用水提法提取金银花茎的浸提液.试验设置0.02、0.04、0.06、0.08 g/mL四个质量浓度梯度,并以蒸馏水为对照组(CK),通过测定旋覆花幼苗的形态与生理指标,研究金银花茎的浸提液对旋覆花的化感效应.结果表明,旋覆花幼苗在金银花茎浸提液的作用下,除旋覆花叶片中的含丙二醛量有所升高外,旋覆花的苗高、根长、苗的干质量以及叶片中过氧化物酶活性等都受到抑制,且随着浸提液质量浓度的升高,抑制作用增强.当质量浓度为0.08 g/mL时,苗高、根长、苗的干生物量及过氧化物酶活性与对照相比分别降低了11.95%、24.95%、31.25%、30.90%.由此可得,金银花茎的浸提液对旋覆花幼苗生长有明显的化感抑制作用,因此其对一定区域的旋覆花幼苗的防除是可行的.

课程思政融入药用植物栽培学之金银花栽培教学设计

课程思政融入专业课教学是落实立德树人的重要举措。本案例根据药用植物金银花栽培的教学内容,运用案例教学法深挖教学目标、教学内容和教学过程中蕴含的思政元素。将黄河重大国家战略、生态文明思想、高质量发展理念、“大国三农”情怀等思政元素科学、合理地融入授课过程,实现显性教育与隐性教育的水乳交融,为实际教育教学工作提供借鉴与参考。

金银花多酚和多糖同步提取工艺优化及其抗氧化活性研究

以金银花为原料,以硫酸铵浓度、乙醇含量、料液比、超声时间、提取温度、超声功率六个因素进行同步提取单因素实验。在单因素实验基础上,以多酚和多糖提取量为双指标,利用响应面法优化超声辅助乙醇-硫酸铵双水相萃取法同步提取金银花中多酚和多糖的工艺。并对提取的金银花多酚和多糖进行体外抗氧化研究。提取最优工艺条件为硫酸铵浓度0.2 mg/mL,超声时间30 min,超声温度59℃,料液比1∶70(g/mL),以此条件下测得多酚提取量为25.6 mg/g,多糖提取量为152.11 mg/g。体外抗氧化结果表明,金银花多酚和多糖对DPPH·、ABTS^(+)·具有显著清除能力,对Fe^(3+)有较强还原能力。利用超声辅助双水相萃取法实现了金银花多糖和多酚同步提取。多糖和多酚抗氧化活性均显著,其中金银花多酚抗氧化能力在一定范围内强于VC。

基于酚酸类成分评价不同品种金银花枝和叶的利用价值

以8个品种金银花的枝和叶为研究对象,建立8种酚酸类成分的高效液相色谱检测方法,测定样品中酚酸类成分的含量特征,将含量测定结果经聚类分析、因子综合分析及偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)等多元统计学方法评价。结果表明,建立的金银花枝和叶中8种酚酸类成分的含量测定方法稳定、可靠、简便。8个品种金银花枝和叶中的酚酸类成分总含量变化范围分别为19.4162~33.6684、40.9900~80.3068 mg·g^(−1)。不同品种间酚酸类成分总含量差异较大,枝和叶中均为‘北花一号’的总含量最高,‘巨花一号’的总含量最低。聚类分析发现,金银花枝中,‘北花一号’单独聚为一类,其各组分含量高于其他品种;因子综合分析表明,‘北花一号’综合得分>1;PLSDA分析筛选出异绿原酸A、异绿原酸C、阿魏酸和绿原酸可能是引起枝的酚酸含量差异的主要成分。金银花叶中,‘北花一号’和‘九丰一号’聚为一类,且这两个品种因子综合分析得分>1;PLS-DA分析筛选出绿原酸、咖啡酸和阿魏酸可能是引起叶的酚酸含量差异的主要成分。总之,不同品种金银花枝和叶的主要酚酸类成分特征存在差异,就酚酸类成分而言,‘北花一号’和‘九丰一号’的枝和叶更有优势。本研究为金银花枝和叶的利用提供了科学依据。

金银花胡萝卜微管蚜发生规律及防治适期研究

目的:明确金银花胡萝卜微管蚜越冬卵和春季发生蚜型的形态特征和发生规律。方法:2022年2月,在田间观察胡萝卜微管蚜越冬卵分布部位,采集虫卵及各蚜型成虫,室内镜检并描述其形态特征;2022年3—6月,在金银花田按五点取样法选取植株,定期调查各蚜型数量,采用最优分割法划分胡萝卜微管蚜种群动态并分析其与金银花物候的关系。结果:胡萝卜微管蚜虫卵主要分布在金银花植株的芽鳞、树杈和树皮缝等部位。胡萝卜微管蚜春季在金银花上依次发生干母、无翅孤雌蚜和有翅孤雌蚜3个蚜型,其中干母主要发生于3月9日至4月7日,高峰虫量为29.4只/梢;无翅孤雌蚜和有翅孤雌蚜在3月28日至5月27日混合发生,分别于4月19日和5月13日到达高峰,峰值分别为75.5只/梢和105.6只/梢。胡萝卜微管蚜种群动态与金银花物候特征密切相关,在金银花萌芽展叶期,蚜虫种群处于初建期和缓慢增长期,种群数量低,最高虫量为29.4只/梢;金银花抽梢期,蚜虫种群处于快速增长期,数量迅速上升;金银花花蕾期,蚜虫种群处于高峰期,数量达到高峰值,为370.5只/梢;在金银花开花期,蚜虫种群处于衰退期,数量迅速下降,至6月初基本消失。结论:金银花越冬期是防控胡萝卜微管蚜虫卵的关键期,萌芽展叶期是防控该蚜虫春季种群爆发的关键期。

金银花化学成分及其抗氧化活性研究

目的研究金银花化学成分及其抗氧化活性。方法金银花提取物采用D101大孔树脂、硅胶柱和半制备HPLC进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构。采用DPPH自由基清除法测定其抗氧化活性。结果从中分离得到15个化合物,分别鉴定为dearabinosyl pneumonanthoside(1)、5α-carboxystrictosidine(2)、芹菜素-7-O-葡萄糖苷(3)、咖啡酸乙酯(4)、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(5)、木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖苷(6)、异槲皮苷(7)、木犀草素-7-O-芸香糖苷(8)、木犀草素-7-O-新橙皮苷(9)、次大风子素(10)、绿原酸甲酯(11)、(Z)-aldosecolohanin(12)、kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucoside(13)、绿原酸丁酯(14)、(-)-syringaresinol(15)。化合物3、5~10、13~14清除DPPH自由基的IC 50值为6.70~36.25μmol/L。结论化合物1~2、8~9、11和15为首次从忍冬属植物中分离。化合物3、5~10、13~14具有较好的抗氧化活性。

镉胁迫对忍冬抗氧化酶活性及内源激素含量的影响

为研究Cd胁迫下忍冬(Lonicera japonica Thunb.)抗氧化酶活性和内源激素水平的响应变化,采用土培试验,设置不同Cd处理(0、2.5、5、10、25、50和100 mg/kg),分析植株生物量、叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性以及生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA_(3))、脱落酸(ABA)的含量。结果表明:2.5 mg/kg Cd处理时地下部生物量增加20.93%,超过25 mg/kg Cd处理时地下部、地上部生物量均显著下降,最多降低了28.78%和40.92%。在各Cd处理下,叶片MDA含量没有受到显著影响;SOD和POD活性显著增强,CAT活性先升高后降低,APX活性没有受到显著影响。叶片IAA、GA_(3)含量、GA_(3)/ABA和IAA/ABA先升高后降低;ABA含量升高,比对照最多增加55.88%。相关性分析表明,忍冬叶片中抗氧化酶SOD、POD活性与GA_(3)含量存在显著负相关性,与ABA含量存在显著正相关性;而CAT活性则与IAA和GA_(3)含量存在显著正相关性,与ABA存在显著负相关性。忍冬对Cd的耐受能力很强,在各Cd胁迫处理下没有受到明显的过氧化损伤,其较强的抗氧化酶活性和大量累积的ABA可能是重要保护机制。

金银花活性成分对动物肠道健康调控进展

金银花中主要含有酚酸、黄酮、多糖、皂苷和环烯醚萜等活性成分,具有解热、抗炎、抗菌、抗病毒、抗氧化、保肝、调节免疫等作用。文章介绍了金银花的活性成分及生物学功能,从金银花活性成分对动物肠道生物屏障、免疫屏障、化学屏障和物理屏障4个方面的调控进行综述,为动物养殖过程中精准、有效地使用金银花提供参考。

不同发育时期忍冬花酚酸类成分含量变化

目的比较不同发育时期忍冬花酚酸类成分含量,评估忍冬花在不同发育时期的药用价值,为确定适宜采收期提供参考。方法高效液相色谱电喷雾串联质谱(HPLC-ESI-MS/MS)测定12种酚酸类成分含量,多元统计分析忍冬花不同发育时期酚酸类成分含量差异。结果忍冬花酚酸类成分总含量高低为二白期>三青期>大白期>米蕾期>银花期>金花期。结论不同发育时期忍冬花酚酸类成分含量差异显著,开放花中原儿茶酸和绿原酸甲酯含量较高,提示开放花具有独特的开发利用价值。

忍冬功能基因挖掘研究进展

忍冬(Lonicera japonica Thunb.)为忍冬科忍冬属半常绿缠绕藤本植物,其干燥花蕾或待开放的花,即金银花,作为一种高值大宗中药材,同时亦具有药食两用的特性。目前金银花市场需求旺盛,但生产端忍冬新品种的选育技术相对落后,亟需引入现代育种技术。随着忍冬基因组学的发展,越来越多的功能基因被陆续鉴定,为忍冬分子育种积累了丰富的基因资源。本文系统总结了忍冬基因组学、功能基因挖掘以及遗传转化体系等方面的研究进展。针对目前忍冬功能基因研究和品质育种存在的问题和不足,本文指出要建立忍冬种质资源库、突变体库和高效遗传转化体系,需要深入开展其功能基因挖掘和鉴定工作,开发与忍冬功能基因密切连锁的分子标记,为培育忍冬优良品质突破性品种奠定基础。

HPLC测定“北花一号”金银花不同发育时期马钱苷的含量

为了测定“北花一号”金银花不同时期马钱苷的含量及确定最佳采收时期,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定其花朵4个发育时期马钱苷的含量。结果表明,以ZOR BAX Eclipse XDB-C18(250.0 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm)为色谱柱,乙腈-0.1%甲酸水为流动相,梯度洗脱35 min,流速1 mL/min,进样量10 μL,紫外检测波长为245 nm,金银花中马钱苷在5~200 μg/mL(R^(2)=0.999 8)范围内线性关系良好,精密度、稳定性、重复性、加标回收率均符合药典规定,建立准确、可靠、灵敏的HPLC测定马钱苷的方法。“北花一号”金银花中马钱苷的含量随着发育时期呈先上升后下降的趋势,三青期马钱苷的含量最高达0.103 2%,其次是二白期,大白期含量最低,考虑有效成分总含量可以选择二白期为最佳采收时期,为金银花中马钱苷含量测定及合理采收金银花提供理论依据。

基于HPLC指纹图谱的高酚酸耐盐金银花品种筛选

为了筛选出高酚酸含量且耐盐的金银花品种,在河北、山东、河南不同地点采集金银花品种17个,统一移植到河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所实验基地的盐渍土(NaCl含量0.1%)上栽培繁殖,盐胁迫14 d后取枝条进行酚酸物质含量检测。采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)与指纹图谱综合质量评价相结合的方法,以酚酸含量高为目标,对金银花品种进行筛选。结果表明:不同的金银花品种具有共同的特征色谱峰12个,特征峰中以绿原酸、异绿原酸A、异绿原酸C、木犀草苷这4种酚酸物质含量表现较高;不同品种的酚酸物质含量差异较大,其中变异株的绿原酸(15.7 mg/g)以及总酚酸物质含量(20.35 mg/g)均为最高,其次是古郡红(绿叶)(绿原酸含量为11.87 mg/g,总酚酸物质含量为17.05 mg/g),二者指标值均显著>其他品种。变异株和古郡红(绿叶)为本次试验筛选出的适合在盐碱地推广种植的品种。

金银花绿原酸合成代谢途径关键酶的生物信息学分析

4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶是金银花绿原酸合成途径的关键酶(4CL),本文利用基因组数据库,4CL为研究对象,采用生物信息学的分析方法,分析其理化性质、系统进化、基因结构,并利用MEGA-11软件比对各植物同种酶蛋白氨基酸序列间的相似性及演化距离、构建系统发生树。结果表明:4CL1是由538个氨基酸残基组成,分子量可以测得为58.68 kDa,理论pI值为5.73;4CL2是由540个氨基酸残基组成,分子量可以测得为58.68 kDa,理论pI值为8.49,金银花中绿原酸合成代谢途径的4CL蛋白为不稳定蛋白,它们大多数氨基酸都为亲水性氨基酸。本文研究能为金银花绿原酸的生物合成机制奠定理论基础,也为绿原酸代谢工程的应用提供一定的借鉴。