AIM: To determine whether high-protein, high-fat, and low-carbohydrate diets can cause lesions in rat livers.METHODS: We randomly divided 20 female Wistar rats into a control diet group and an experimental diet group....AIM: To determine whether high-protein, high-fat, and low-carbohydrate diets can cause lesions in rat livers.METHODS: We randomly divided 20 female Wistar rats into a control diet group and an experimental diet group. Animals in the control group received an AIN-93 M diet, and animals in the experimental group received an Atkins-based diet(59.46% protein, 31.77% fat, and 8.77% carbohydrate). After 8 wk, the rats were anesthetized and exsanguinated for transaminases analysis, and their livers were removed for flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and light microscopy studies. We expressed the data as mean ± standard deviation(sd) assuming unpaired and parametric data; we analyzed differences using the student's t-test. statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.RESULTS: We found that plasma alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. According to flow cytometry, the percentages of nonviable cells were 11.67% ± 1.12% for early apoptosis, 12.07% ± 1.11% for late apoptosis, and 7.11% ± 0.44% for non-apoptotic death in the experimental diet group and 3.73% ± 0.50% for early apoptosis, 5.67% ± 0.72% for late apoptosis, and 3.82% ± 0.28% for non-apoptotic death in the control diet group. The mean percentage of early apoptosis was higher in the experimental diet group than in the control diet group. Immunohistochemistry for autophagy was negative in both groups. sinusoidal dilation around the central vein and small hepatocytes was only observed in the experimental diet group, and fibrosis was not identified by hematoxylin-eosin or Trichrome Masson staining in either group.CONCLUSION: Eight weeks of an experimental diet resulted in cellular and histopathological lesions in rat livers. Apoptosis was our principal finding; elevated plasma transaminases demonstrate hepatic lesions.展开更多
Objective: Idiopathic reactive hypoglycemia is defined as early postprandial hypoglycemia occurring on ingestion of high carbohydrate containing meal. Remission ensues with high protein low carbohydrate diet. This stu...Objective: Idiopathic reactive hypoglycemia is defined as early postprandial hypoglycemia occurring on ingestion of high carbohydrate containing meal. Remission ensues with high protein low carbohydrate diet. This study assessed roles of insulin and glucagon in its onset and remission. Methods: Plasma glucose, insulin and glucagon were determined after an overnight fast and repeatedly until 180 minutes on ingestion of 3 meals;100 g glucose;100 g pure protein liquid and mixture of 50 g each at 14 days’ interval. Five adults with IRH and 6 age matched healthy volunteers participated. Results: In IRH, glucose ingestion induced prompt rise in glucose (5.1 ± 0.8 to10.5 ± 1.2 mM/L) followed later by hypoglycemia (2.6 ± 0.4 mM/L). Insulin rose from 7 ± 2 to 90 ± 18 mU/L. Glucagon rose initially (10% ± 2%) from elevated basal concentration (373 ± 57 mU/L) followed by later decline (-43% ± 12%). On protein ingestion, glucose declined followed by a restoration to basal level while both insulin and glucagon rose (28 ± 6 mU/L;148% ± 38%, p < 0.01). However, insulin response was lower and glucagon rise was greater when compared to responses on glucose ingestion (p < 0.01). With mixed meal, glucose (8.2 ± 0.6 mM/L), insulin (65 ± 12 mU/L) and glucagon (48% ± 7%) responses were lesser than rises following glucose ingestion (p < 0.05) and hypoglycemia did not occur. Conclusion: In IRH, initial hyperglycemia on glucose ingestion may be exacerbated by paradoxical glucagon rise and hypoglycemia may be induced by increased insulin and declining glucagon responses. Resolution of hypoglycemia with high protein low carbohydrate diet may be attributed to blunting of insulin response and concurrent glucagon rise.展开更多
BACKGROUND Reduced level of physical activity,high-fat diet and skeletal muscle atrophy are key factors that are likely to contribute to deleterious changes in body composition and metabolic following spinal cord inju...BACKGROUND Reduced level of physical activity,high-fat diet and skeletal muscle atrophy are key factors that are likely to contribute to deleterious changes in body composition and metabolic following spinal cord injury (SCI).Reduced caloric intake with lowering percentage macronutrients of fat and increasing protein intake may likely to improve body composition parameters and decrease ectopic adiposity after SCI.AIM To highlight the effects of dietary manipulation and testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on body composition after SCI METHODS A 31-year-old male with T5 SCI was administered transdermal TRT daily for 16 wk.Caloric intake and percentage macronutrients were analyzed using dietary recalls.Magnetic resonance imaging and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry were used to measure changes in body composition.RESULTS Caloric intake and fat percentage were reduced by 445 kcal/d and 6.5%,respectively.Total body weight decreased by 8%,body fat decreased by 29%,and lean mass increased by 7%.Thigh subcutaneous adipose tissue cross-sectional area was reduced by 31%.CONCLUSION Manipulation of caloric intake,fat percentage,and protein percentage may have influenced body composition after SCI.展开更多
目的:采用高蛋白谷朊粉为主要原料制作面包作为小鼠饮食,观测低碳水高蛋白(low carbohydrate and high protein diet,LC-HP)饮食与高油、高糖饮食对小鼠血脂、免疫指标和肠道菌群的影响。方法:将健康的昆明种小鼠随机分为低碳水高蛋白...目的:采用高蛋白谷朊粉为主要原料制作面包作为小鼠饮食,观测低碳水高蛋白(low carbohydrate and high protein diet,LC-HP)饮食与高油、高糖饮食对小鼠血脂、免疫指标和肠道菌群的影响。方法:将健康的昆明种小鼠随机分为低碳水高蛋白组(A组,碳水化合物CHO 11.41%,蛋白质Pr 39.18%)、对照组(B组,CHO 47.4%,Pr 9.6%)、高油组(C组,CHO 51.4%,Pr 8.5%)、高糖组(D组,CHO 60.6%,Pr 7.3%),每组10只,雌雄各半,试验期28 d。每7 d称量小鼠体重,试验期末测定脏器系数,检测血清中甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)水平、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor,TNF-α)、血清白细胞介素6(interleukin 6,IL-6);16S rDNA测序检测小鼠粪便样本中菌群的变化。结果:A组小鼠体重增长率显著低于C组和D组(P<0.05);A组小鼠总TG、TC水平显著低于其它三组(P<0.05),A组小鼠LDL-C水平显著低于C、D组(P<0.05),A组小鼠HDL-C水平显著高于D组(P<0.05);A组免疫器官系数高于其它三组但无显著性;A组小鼠血清TNF-α、IL-6水平显著高于C、D组(P<0.05);A组反映肠道中微生物群落的丰富性和多样性的ACE、Chao1和Shannon指数均高于其他三组,且有益菌相对丰度显著(P<0.05)增加。结论:小鼠进食低碳水面包,与进食普通面包和进食高糖高油面包比较,能够降低体重增长率和血脂水平,调节免疫指标,改善肠道菌群组成,且确证了面包高糖比高油的健康不利影响更大。展开更多
目的探究高蛋白低脂肪饮食护理干预对脑梗死患者生活质量的影响。方法收集2015年6月至2017年8月我院收治的脑梗死患者89例,根据所采取的护理方案不同,分为研究组与对照组,其中对照组患者(n=41)例采取常规护理,研究组患者(n=48)则在对照...目的探究高蛋白低脂肪饮食护理干预对脑梗死患者生活质量的影响。方法收集2015年6月至2017年8月我院收治的脑梗死患者89例,根据所采取的护理方案不同,分为研究组与对照组,其中对照组患者(n=41)例采取常规护理,研究组患者(n=48)则在对照组的基础上进行高蛋白低脂肪饮食护理干预。比较2组患者护理干预6个月后的生活质量、干预前后的日常生活活动能力(activities of daily living, ADL)评分和护理满意度。结果护理干预后,与对照组患者相比,研究组患者的各项生活质量评分更高(P<0.05),研究组患者的ADL评分也明显更高(P<0.05);与对照组患者相比,研究组患者的护理满意度明显更高(P<0.05)。结论高蛋白低脂肪饮食护理干预可明显提高脑梗死患者的日常生活活动能力,改善患者的生活质量,具有较高的护理满意度。展开更多
文摘AIM: To determine whether high-protein, high-fat, and low-carbohydrate diets can cause lesions in rat livers.METHODS: We randomly divided 20 female Wistar rats into a control diet group and an experimental diet group. Animals in the control group received an AIN-93 M diet, and animals in the experimental group received an Atkins-based diet(59.46% protein, 31.77% fat, and 8.77% carbohydrate). After 8 wk, the rats were anesthetized and exsanguinated for transaminases analysis, and their livers were removed for flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and light microscopy studies. We expressed the data as mean ± standard deviation(sd) assuming unpaired and parametric data; we analyzed differences using the student's t-test. statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.RESULTS: We found that plasma alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. According to flow cytometry, the percentages of nonviable cells were 11.67% ± 1.12% for early apoptosis, 12.07% ± 1.11% for late apoptosis, and 7.11% ± 0.44% for non-apoptotic death in the experimental diet group and 3.73% ± 0.50% for early apoptosis, 5.67% ± 0.72% for late apoptosis, and 3.82% ± 0.28% for non-apoptotic death in the control diet group. The mean percentage of early apoptosis was higher in the experimental diet group than in the control diet group. Immunohistochemistry for autophagy was negative in both groups. sinusoidal dilation around the central vein and small hepatocytes was only observed in the experimental diet group, and fibrosis was not identified by hematoxylin-eosin or Trichrome Masson staining in either group.CONCLUSION: Eight weeks of an experimental diet resulted in cellular and histopathological lesions in rat livers. Apoptosis was our principal finding; elevated plasma transaminases demonstrate hepatic lesions.
文摘Objective: Idiopathic reactive hypoglycemia is defined as early postprandial hypoglycemia occurring on ingestion of high carbohydrate containing meal. Remission ensues with high protein low carbohydrate diet. This study assessed roles of insulin and glucagon in its onset and remission. Methods: Plasma glucose, insulin and glucagon were determined after an overnight fast and repeatedly until 180 minutes on ingestion of 3 meals;100 g glucose;100 g pure protein liquid and mixture of 50 g each at 14 days’ interval. Five adults with IRH and 6 age matched healthy volunteers participated. Results: In IRH, glucose ingestion induced prompt rise in glucose (5.1 ± 0.8 to10.5 ± 1.2 mM/L) followed later by hypoglycemia (2.6 ± 0.4 mM/L). Insulin rose from 7 ± 2 to 90 ± 18 mU/L. Glucagon rose initially (10% ± 2%) from elevated basal concentration (373 ± 57 mU/L) followed by later decline (-43% ± 12%). On protein ingestion, glucose declined followed by a restoration to basal level while both insulin and glucagon rose (28 ± 6 mU/L;148% ± 38%, p < 0.01). However, insulin response was lower and glucagon rise was greater when compared to responses on glucose ingestion (p < 0.01). With mixed meal, glucose (8.2 ± 0.6 mM/L), insulin (65 ± 12 mU/L) and glucagon (48% ± 7%) responses were lesser than rises following glucose ingestion (p < 0.05) and hypoglycemia did not occur. Conclusion: In IRH, initial hyperglycemia on glucose ingestion may be exacerbated by paradoxical glucagon rise and hypoglycemia may be induced by increased insulin and declining glucagon responses. Resolution of hypoglycemia with high protein low carbohydrate diet may be attributed to blunting of insulin response and concurrent glucagon rise.
基金Supported by Department of Veteran Affairs,Veteran Health Administration,Rehabilitation Research and Development Service,No.1IK2RX000732-01A1
文摘BACKGROUND Reduced level of physical activity,high-fat diet and skeletal muscle atrophy are key factors that are likely to contribute to deleterious changes in body composition and metabolic following spinal cord injury (SCI).Reduced caloric intake with lowering percentage macronutrients of fat and increasing protein intake may likely to improve body composition parameters and decrease ectopic adiposity after SCI.AIM To highlight the effects of dietary manipulation and testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on body composition after SCI METHODS A 31-year-old male with T5 SCI was administered transdermal TRT daily for 16 wk.Caloric intake and percentage macronutrients were analyzed using dietary recalls.Magnetic resonance imaging and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry were used to measure changes in body composition.RESULTS Caloric intake and fat percentage were reduced by 445 kcal/d and 6.5%,respectively.Total body weight decreased by 8%,body fat decreased by 29%,and lean mass increased by 7%.Thigh subcutaneous adipose tissue cross-sectional area was reduced by 31%.CONCLUSION Manipulation of caloric intake,fat percentage,and protein percentage may have influenced body composition after SCI.
文摘目的探究高蛋白低脂肪饮食护理干预对脑梗死患者生活质量的影响。方法收集2015年6月至2017年8月我院收治的脑梗死患者89例,根据所采取的护理方案不同,分为研究组与对照组,其中对照组患者(n=41)例采取常规护理,研究组患者(n=48)则在对照组的基础上进行高蛋白低脂肪饮食护理干预。比较2组患者护理干预6个月后的生活质量、干预前后的日常生活活动能力(activities of daily living, ADL)评分和护理满意度。结果护理干预后,与对照组患者相比,研究组患者的各项生活质量评分更高(P<0.05),研究组患者的ADL评分也明显更高(P<0.05);与对照组患者相比,研究组患者的护理满意度明显更高(P<0.05)。结论高蛋白低脂肪饮食护理干预可明显提高脑梗死患者的日常生活活动能力,改善患者的生活质量,具有较高的护理满意度。
