Effect of Acupuncture Cooperated with Low-frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Chronic Insomnia： A Randomized Clinical Trial

The effect of acupuncture cooperated with low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） on chronic insomnia was explored. Seventy-eight patients with chronic insomnia were randomly allocated into two groups： treatment group and control group. In the treatment group, the patients received acupuncture combined with rTMS treatment, and those in the control group were given acupuncture cooperated with sham rTMS treatment, 3 days per week for 4 weeks. Before and after treatment, the primary outcomes including the scores on Insomnia Severity Index （ISI） and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） and the secondary outcomes including total sleep time （TST）, sleep onset latency （SOL）, wake after sleep onset （WASO）, sleep efficiency （SE%） recorded by sleeping diary and actigraphy were observed in both groups. Seventy-five participants finished the study （38 in treatment group and 37 in control group respectively）. After treatment, the scores in the two groups were improved significantly, more significantly in the treatment group than in the control group. It can be inferred that acupuncture cooperated with rTMS can effectively improve sleep quality, enhance the quality of life of patients and has less side effects.

Effect of ultra-low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on dysphagia in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction and quality of life

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of ultra-low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on dysphagia in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction and its impact on quality of life.Methods:60 elderly patients with dysphagia caused by acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into rTMS group and control group,30 cases in each group.Both groups received routine drug therapy and swallowing function training.rTMS group was additionally treated by ultra-low frequency(10mHZ)repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for 14 days.The changes of NIHSS score andADL score and NSE serum level and Wa Tian drinking water experiment and Fujishima Ichiro dysphagia scale score and SWAL-QOL score and SF-36 score were observed between the two groups before and after treatment.The clinical effect was evaluated by Wa Tian drinking water experiment.Results:After treatment,The clinical effective rate in rTMS group was significantly higher compared with that in the control group(P<0.05),NIHSS score and serum NSE level were significantly lower compared with the control group(P<0.05),ADL score and Fujishima Ichiro dysphagia score and SWAL-QOL score and SF-36 scores were significantly higher compared with the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,SF-36 total score(or SWAL-QOL Score)was negatively correlated with NSE serum level and NIHSS score,which was positively correlated with ADL score and Fujishima Ichiro dysphagia scale score score.Conclusion:Ultra-low frequency rTMS therapy can reduce NSE level,effectively improve dysphagia in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction and significantly improve the elderly patients'life quality.

Does a combined intervention program of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and intensive occupational therapy affect cognitive function in patients with post-stroke upper limb hemiparesis?

Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation（LF-r TMS） to the contralesional hemisphere and intensive occupational therapy（i OT） have been shown to contribute to a significant improvement in upper limb hemiparesis in patients with chronic stroke. However, the effect of the combined intervention program of LF-r TMS and i OT on cognitive function is unknown. We retrospectively investigated whether the combined treatment influence patient＇s Trail-Making Test part B（TMT-B） performance, which is a group of easy and inexpensive neuropsychological tests that evaluate several cognitive functions. Twenty-five patients received 11 sessions of LF-r TMS to the contralesional hemisphere and 2 sessions of i OT per day over 15 successive days. Patients with right- and left-sided hemiparesis demonstrated significant improvements in upper limb motor function following the combined intervention program. Only patients with right-sided hemiparesis exhibited improved TMT-B performance following the combined intervention program, and there was a significant negative correlation between Fugl-Meyer Assessment scale total score change and TMT-B performance. The results indicate the possibility that LF-r TMS to the contralesional hemisphere combined with i OT improves the upper limb motor function and cognitive function of patients with right-sided hemiparesis. However, further studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanism of improved cognitive function.

A Clinical Study:Therapeutic Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Cognitive Impairment in Alcohol-Dependent Patients

Objective To observe the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)and cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)on cognitive function in alcohol-dependent patients.Methods Data from 285 alcohol-dependent patients were collected from Mudanjiang Medical University and Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital at Sun Yat-sen University between 2019 and 2021.The patients were divided into groups depending on alcohol abstinence and non-abstinence.There were 43 patients in the alcohol consumption(AC)group.The patients in the abstinence group were randomly assigned to treatment regimens with different combinations of rTMS and CBT using the Elton system.There were 49 patients in the TB+C0 group,36 in the TB+C1 group,44 in the TL+C0 group,36 in the TL+C1 group,37 in the TR+C0 group,and 40 in the TR+C1 group.Cognitive function was assessed by using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(MoCA).Results The proportion of patients with cognitive impairment in the AC group at 24 weeks was higher than that at baseline(P<0.05),whereas the proportion of cognitive impairment in the other groups did not differ significantly over time.The percentage of patients with cognitive impairment at 24 weeks was 52.3%in the TL+C0 group and 47.2%in the TL+C1 group,which was significantly lower than that in the AC group(P<0.05).MoCA scores at different time points in the AC group were significantly higher than those in the TB+C0,TL+C0,TL+C1,TR+C0,and TR+C1 groups,respectively.MoCA scores were significantly higher at 12 weeks compared with the baseline in the TB+C0,TL+C0,TL+C1,TR+C0,and TR+C1 groups(P<0.05),and similar changes were observed at 24 weeks.The MoCA scores in the TL+C1 and TL+C0 groups were higher than those in the TR+C0 group at 12 weeks after the intervention(P<0.05).Furthermore,MoCA scores in each of the TB+C1,TL+C1,TL+C0,TR+C1,and TR+C0 groups were higher than those in the AC group at 24 weeks(P<0.05).Conclusion Alcohol consumption impairs cognitive function,as evidenced by a significantly higher proportion of cognitive impairment after 24 weeks of non-abstinence.Most of the tested treatment regimens improved cognitive function.High frequency rTMS of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC)was associated with a greater improvement in cognitive function than that of the right DLPFC in alcohol-dependent patients at 12 weeks of abstinence.There does not appear to be a therapeutic advantage of CBT for cognitive impairment in alcohol-dependent patients.Screening for impaired cognitive function should be seriously considered for patients who engage in heavy drinking,and measures should be taken to reduce the risk of dementia induced by alcohol dependence.

Effects of different frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the recovery of upper limb motor dysfunction in patients with subacute cerebral infarction

Studies have confirmed that low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can decrease the activity of cortical neurons, and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can increase the excitability of cortical neurons. However, there are few studies concerning the use of different frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the recovery of upper-limb motor function after cerebral infarction. We hypothesized that different frequencies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with cerebral infarction would produce different effects on the recovery of upper-limb motor function. This study enrolled 127 patients with upper-limb dysfunction during the subacute phase of cerebral infarction. These patients were randomly assigned to three groups. The low-frequency group comprised 42 patients who were treated with 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on the contralateral hemisphere primary motor cortex （M1）. The high-frequency group comprised 43 patients who were treated with 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on ipsilateral M1. Finally, the sham group comprised 42 patients who were treated with 10 Hz of false stimulation on ipsilateral M1. A total of 135 seconds of stimulation was applied in the sham group and high-frequency group. At 2 weeks after treatment, cortical latency of motor-evoked potentials and central motor conduction time were significantly lower compared with before treatment. Moreover, motor function scores were significantly improved. The above indices for the low- and high-frequency groups were significantly different compared with the sham group. However, there was no significant difference between the low- and high-frequency groups. The results show that low- and high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation can similarly improve upper-limb motor function in patients with cerebral infarction.

Clinical application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for post-traumatic stress disorder:A literature review

The efficacy of traditional treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is still unsatisfactory.Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)has been widely used in the treatment of various types of mental disorders,including PTSD.Although rTMS has been demonstrated to be effective in many cases,there are still arguments regarding its mechanism and protocol.This review aims to summarize the origin,development,principle,and future direction of rTMS and introduce this neuro-stimulation therapy to relevant clinicians.

Therapeutic Application of High-Frequency rTMS Combined with Intensive Occupational Therapy for Pediatric Stroke Patients with Upper Limb Hemiparesis: A Case Series Study

Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (LF-rTMS) applied to the non-lesional hemisphere is reported to significantly improve motor function of the affected upper limb in adult stroke patients with hemiparesis. For pediatric stroke patients, the beneficial effects of LF-rTMS have been already confirmed in a randomized controlled study. However, there is no report of therapeutic application of high-frequency rTMS (HF-rTMS) in this patient population. In this case series study, we introduced HF-rTMS combined with intensive occupational therapy (OT) in two pediatric hemiparetic patients. We studied two children (8- and 9-year-old boys, both right-handed) with post-stroke upper limb hemiparesis (chronic phase). Both patients underwent 22 treatment sessions of HF-rTMS/OT during 15-day hospitalization. The HF-rTMS was applied over the lesional motor cortex at a frequency of 10Hz for 15 minutes in each session. One session of intensive OT consisted of 30-min one-to-one training and 30-min self-exercise. Motor function of the affected upper limb was serially evaluated with Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), Simple Test for Evaluating hand Function (STEF), and Ten-second Test. Neither of the patients showed any adverse effects. Both patients showed improvement of motor function in the affected upper limb and were able to use the affected upper limb in some activities of daily living. In the two post-stroke pediatric patients, HF-rTMS/OT was safe and improved upper limb muscle function. Confirmation of these effects in a larger population is needed.

高频重复经颅磁刺激治疗帕金森病认知功能障碍患者的临床效果

目的探究对帕金森病认知功能障碍患者使用高频重复经颅磁刺激治疗的临床效果。方法选取82例帕金森病认知功能障碍患者,均为郑州人民医院2022年1月至2023年5月收入,按随机数表法分为对照组与研究组,各41例。以左前额叶背外侧皮质为刺激区域,对照组41例患者使用高频重复经颅磁刺激(25 Hz)假性刺激治疗,研究组41例患者使用高频重复经颅磁刺激(25 Hz)真性刺激治疗。将两组患者临床治疗前后的认知障碍水平、P300变化及心理水平进行比较。结果研究组与对照组患者在治疗前蒙特利尔认知(MoCA)评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组患者治疗1个月、3个月后MoCA评分高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前研究组和对照组P300波幅与潜伏期差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后研究组P300波幅明显升高,潜伏期降低,与对照组相比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前两组患者汉密尔顿焦虑评分(HAMA)与汉密尔顿抑郁(HAMD)评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后与对照组相比,研究组HAMA与HAMD评分下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论高频重复经颅磁刺激是一种有效的治疗帕金森病认知功能障碍的方法,通过调控特定脑区的神经活动,改善患者认知功能水平,同时改善患者心理水平。

高频重复经颅磁刺激联合富马酸喹硫平对改善双相障碍Ⅱ型抑郁发作疗效和认知功能的临床研究

目的探讨高频重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)与富马酸喹硫平联合治疗对双相障碍Ⅱ型抑郁发作的疗效、认知功能及安全性的影响。方法选择2022年5月—2023年10月本院收治的40例双相障碍Ⅱ型抑郁发作患者作为研究对象,随机数表法将患者分为研究组和对照组两组,每组各20例。两组在为期4周的治疗期间,研究组采用高频重复经颅磁刺激联合富马酸喹硫平治疗,对照组采用伪刺激联合富马酸喹硫平治疗。治疗前和治疗第1、2、3、4周末使用汉密尔顿抑郁评定量表(HMAD-24)评估临床疗效,使用韦克斯勒成人记忆量表第四版中文版(WNS-IV)、韦克斯勒成人智力量表(WAIS)、威斯康辛卡片分类测验(WCST)评估认知功能,并记录治疗中不良事件。结果治疗4周后,两组的总显效率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。研究组在第1、2周末的HMAD-24评分明显低于对照组,显示早期优势(P<0.05)。然而,治疗4周后,两组在认知功能测试(如理解记忆、再认等)方面无统计学差异(P>0.05)。同时,两组在治疗期间的不良反应发生率相近,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。这表明,尽管联合疗法在早期表现出较好疗效,但长期对认知功能的改善并不明显,且安全性相当。结论与单纯仅使用富马酸喹硫平治疗比较,高频rTMS联合富马酸喹硫平治疗在双相障碍Ⅱ型抑郁发作在治疗前期可较快改善患者抑郁症状,但在治疗4周后对于提升临床疗效及改善认知功能方面未能显现出明显优势。

推拿康复联合低频重复经颅磁刺激对脑卒中偏瘫患者脑血流动力学及肌张力的影响

目的探讨推拿康复联合低频重复经颅磁刺激对脑卒中偏瘫患者脑血流动力学及肌张力的影响。方法研究对象为2021-06—2023-06复旦大学附属华山医院、上海市第三康复医院收治的脑卒中偏瘫患者112例,依据随机数字法分为观察组和对照组,各56例。对照组采取低频重复经颅磁刺激治疗,观察组在此基础上采取推拿康复治疗。比较2组患者治疗前后血流动力学指标[双侧大脑动脉血流平均流速(Vm)、血流最大峰值(Vs)以及血管阻力指数(RI)]、上肢肌张力等级变化情况,以及肢体功能、生活能力评分,并统计2组临床疗效。结果观察组治疗总有效率83.93%(47/56),明显高于对照组的64.29%(36/56),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后Vm、Vs明显高于对照组,RI明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后改良Ashworth痉挛量表评级0级、Ⅰ级的占比为60.71%(34/54),明显高于对照组的42.86%(24/56),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后Fugl-Meyer运动功能评定量表评分、Barthel指数均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论推拿康复联合低频重复经颅磁刺激治疗脑卒中偏瘫,能够有效改善患者脑血流动力学及肌张力亢进,有助于肢体功能及生活能力的恢复,具有较好的疗效。

重复经颅磁刺激联合强制性诱导疗法对偏瘫型脑瘫患儿患侧上肢手部精细运动功能的影响

目的探讨重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)联合强制性诱导疗法(CIMT)应用在偏瘫型脑瘫(HCP)患儿中的效果及对改善患侧上肢手部精细运动功能的作用。方法选取2021年3—12月广西医科大学第二附属医院收治的75例HCP患儿为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组(n=38)和观察组(n=37)。对照组采用CIMT治疗,观察组采用rTMS联合CIMT治疗,两组均持续治疗12周。比较两组患者的上肢功能、精细运动功能发育状况、腕屈肌、肘屈肌肌张力与功能独立性。结果治疗12周后,观察组Carroll上肢功能测试量表、Peabody精细发育量表评分均高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组腕屈肌、肘屈肌改良Ashworth量表评分均低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组儿童功能独立性评定量表评分为(88.47±5.01)分,高于对照组的(80.37±4.73)分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对HCP患儿实施rTMS联合CIMT治疗,可以改善上肢功能、精细运动功能、肌张力,提高功能独立性,有临床借鉴意义。

双侧高频重复经颅磁刺激联合高压氧治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的临床研究

目的探讨双侧高频重复经颅磁刺激联合高压氧治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍效果。方法选取2022年1月至2023年3月江苏省徐州市中心医院收治的120例脑卒中后吞咽障碍患者,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组和对照组,每组60例。对照组以单侧高频重复经颅磁刺激联合高压氧联治疗,观察组采用双侧高频重复经颅磁刺激联合高压氧治疗,两组均以2周为1个疗程,共治疗3个疗程。比较两组临床疗效,治疗前后吞咽功能评分[吞咽功能评定量表(SAA)、洼田饮水试验(KWST)、进食评估问卷调查工具-10(EAT-10)]、肌电图指标、脑损伤标志物[神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、S100钙结合蛋白β(S100β)、神经丝蛋白轻链(NF-L)]。结果观察组临床疗效优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组SAA、KWST、EAT-10评分均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组下颌舌骨肌表面肌电信号振幅、时程均低于治疗前,中位频率高于治疗前,且观察组下颌舌骨肌表面肌电信号振幅、时程低于对照组,中位频率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组NSE、S100β、NF-L均低于治疗前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论双侧高频重复经颅磁刺激联合高压氧治疗脑卒中后吞咽障碍的效果良好,改善吞咽障碍程度与肌电图指标,降低脑损伤标志物水平。

重复经颅磁刺激对首发抑郁症患者执行功能的影响研究

目的通过采集行为学和脑电数据,考察重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)对首发抑郁症患者的疗效及对执行功能的影响,初步探讨rTMS治疗抑郁症患者潜在的认知神经影响的机制。方法采用随机数字表法将首发抑郁症患者分为试验组(n=26)和对照组(n=25),试验组患者进行8周的rTMS联合药物治疗,对照组患者仅进行单纯药物治疗。于干预前和干预后采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表24(24-item Hamilton depression rating scale,HAMD-24)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表14(14-item Hamilton anxiety rating scale,HAMA-14)以及行为学工具和事件相关电位(event-related potential,ERP)评估患者的抑郁焦虑状态和执行功能的变化。结果两组抑郁症患者治疗后的HAMD-24评分和HAMA-14评分较干预前均显著下降(P均<0.001),且试验组患者HAMD-24评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。Go/Nogo任务中,两组抑郁症患者Nogo条件正确应答数较干预前均明显提升(P均<0.05);Stroop任务中,试验组抑郁症患者不一致条件的正确应答数较干预前明显提升,不一致条件反应时较干预前明显变短,且试验组抑郁症患者不一致条件的正确应答数较对照组明显提升、不一致条件反应时明显变短(P均<0.05)。脑电指标中,试验组抑郁症患者干预后较干预前诱发了更大的Nogo N2波幅和P3波幅(P均<0.05);试验组抑郁症患者的N2差异波波幅和P3差异波波幅显著大于对照组(P均<0.05)。结论rTMS可以加强抑郁症患者的认知神经活动水平,提升执行功能,对抑郁症患者抑郁症状的治疗效果更好。

头针配合低频重复经颅磁刺激治疗痉挛性脑性瘫痪疗效观察

目的基于脑电频谱技术,观察头针配合低频重复经颅磁刺激治疗痉挛性脑性瘫痪的临床疗效。方法将90例痉挛性脑性瘫痪患者和20例健康儿童分为病例组和正常组,通过采集静息态脑电信号比较各频谱(δ、θ、α、β、γ)密度。再将病例组随机分为A组、B组和C组,每组30例。在接受常规康复训练的基础上,A组采用头针治疗,B组采用低频重复经颅磁刺激治疗,C组采用头针配合低频重复经颅磁刺激治疗。观察3组治疗前后粗大运动功能测试量表-88(gross motor function measure-88,GMFM-88)评分(D区、E区)、Gesell发育诊断量表各项评分、颅内椎基底节动脉血流状态各项指标[左侧椎动脉(left vertebral artery,LVA)、右侧椎动脉(right vertebral,RLA)、基底动脉(basilar artery,BA)平均流速]、各项炎症因子[血清白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、白细胞介素-33(interleukin-33,IL-33)、肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)]水平及脑电信号各频谱密度的变化情况,比较3组临床疗效。结果C组治疗后D区、E区GMFM-88评分及Gesell发育诊断量表各项评分较同组治疗前显著上升,LVA、RLA、BA平均流速显著加快,各项炎症因子水平显著降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。C组治疗后D区、E区GMFM-88评分及Gesell发育诊断量表各项评分均明显高于A组和B组,LVA、RLA、BA平均流速明显快于A组和B组,各项炎症因子水平明显低于A组和B组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。病例组治疗前脑电信号δ、θ频谱密度明显高于正常组(P<0.05);3组治疗后脑电信号δ、θ频谱密度均较同组治疗前显著降低(P<0.05)。C组总有效率为83.3%,明显高于A组的63.3%和B组的56.7%,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在常规康复训练的基础上,头针配合低频重复经颅磁刺激治疗痉挛性脑性瘫痪疗效确切,能改善患者运动功能和认知功能,其机制主要与该方法能下调炎症因子表达、调节颅内椎基底节动脉血流状态有关。

重复经颅磁刺激治疗卒中后睡眠障碍的研究进展

脑卒中后睡眠障碍(post-stroke sleep disorders,PSSD)发病率日渐增高,严重影响患者的生活质量,延缓卒中康复,而药物治疗往往效果不理想。重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,r TMS)已被多项研究证实可改善PSSD,透过颅骨直接刺激大脑皮层,调节皮层的兴奋性,改变睡眠结构。本文将对r TMS在PSSD治疗中的应用及其可能的作用机制进行综述,以期为临床r TMS治疗PSSD提供参考。

化瘀通络灸联合低频重复经颅磁刺激对脑卒中后轻、中度抑郁患者的影响

目的观察化瘀通络灸联合低频重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)对于轻、中度脑卒中后抑郁(PSD)患者抑郁、神经功能缺损及睡眠效率的影响。方法选择2022年1月—2023年10月在安徽中医药大学第一附属医院治疗的轻、中度PSD患者40例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组20例。2组均接受常规治疗和康复训练。对照组在常规治疗和康复训练基础上接受低频rTMS治疗,刺激频率1 Hz,刺激强度为80%运动阈值(MT),刺激时间10 s,间歇时间2 s,脉冲总数1000个;观察组在对照组基础上接受化瘀通络灸法治疗(百会穴压灸和神庭穴、大椎穴悬起灸)。2组均治疗1次/d,5次/周,共持续3周。分别于治疗前后采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、患者健康问卷抑郁量表9(PHQ-9)评分和事件相关电位P300潜伏期及波幅评估患者抑郁症状与程度;采用美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分评估患者神经功能缺损程度;采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评估患者睡眠效率;比较2组不良反应的差异。结果(1)抑郁症状与程度:与治疗前比较,2组治疗后HAMD、PHQ-9评分均明显降低,事件相关电位P300潜伏期明显缩短、波幅明显升高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,观察组治疗后HAMD、PHQ-9评分均明显更低,事件相关电位P300潜伏期明显更短、波幅更高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)神经功能缺损程度:与治疗前比较,2组治疗后患者NIHSS评分均明显降低(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,观察组治疗后NIHSS评分明显更低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)睡眠效率:与治疗前比较,2组治疗后睡眠效率均明显提高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,观察组治疗后睡眠效率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(4)不良反应:2组均未发生不良反应。结论化瘀通络灸联合低频rTMS可有效改善轻、中度PSD患者抑郁症状、神经功能缺损程度和睡眠效率,值得临床推广应用。

基于Notch1通路探讨不同频率重复经颅磁刺激改善大脑中动脉闭塞大鼠学习记忆能力的机制

目的:观察不同频率重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)对大脑中动脉闭塞(middle cerebral artery occlusion,MCAO)大鼠学习记忆能力的影响及探讨其作用机制。方法:将造模成功的MCAO模型大鼠随机均分为模型组、低频组、高频组,同时另设假手术组,每组12只。低频组和高频组均予采用CCY-I型经颅磁刺激仪刺激,2次/日,连续14d;低频组:1Hz,部位:大鼠颅部左侧前额叶;高频组频率:10Hz,部位:大鼠颅部右侧前额叶。模型组和假手术组不予治疗仅同等情况下抓取束缚后归笼。神经行为学评分在术后第1天和第14天进行;水迷宫测试于术后3—7天进行;TTC染色、PCR及Western blot检测关键基因(Notch1、Hes1、Hes5)的mRNA及蛋白表达均在术后第14天干预结束后进行。结果:(1)神经功能缺损评分:与模型组相比,干预治疗14d后,高频组、低频组两组神经功能评分出现降低的情况(P<0.05),模型组与高频组之间无明显差异(P>0.05)。(2)Morris水迷宫实验:定向航行实验平均逃避潜伏期:低频组、高频组、假手术组均相比于同组前一天缩短,具有显著性差异(P<0.05);每天逃避潜伏期比较,高频组较模型组短,低频组较高频组短,具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。空间探索实验穿越平台次数:低频组和假手术组比较、高频组和模型组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05);高频组、模型组次数比假手术组少,低频组比模型组、高频组次数多,具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。(3)TTC染色:低频组、高频组梗死灶面积小于模型组。(4)PCR检测及Western Blot检测:高频组、低频组与模型组相比,Notch1、Hes1、Hes5的mRNA及蛋白表达量升高,具有显著性差异(P<0.05);低频组与高频组相比,Notch1、Hes1、Hes5的mRNA及蛋白表达无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:高/低频rTMS均能改善MCAO大鼠的学习记忆能力,且可能都予激活提高海马组织中的Notch1通路表达,提高海马突触可塑性有关。

高频重复经颅磁刺激对脑卒中后认知障碍合并抑郁患者的影响

目的 观察高频重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)对脑卒中后认知障碍合并抑郁(PSCCID)患者的临床疗效。方法 选取2018年1月-2020年12月在四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院康复科住院的PSCCID患者30例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组15例。对照组接受常规药物治疗和常规康复治疗,包括运动治疗(40 min/次,1次/d,5 d/周)、作业治疗(30 min/次,1次/d,5 d/周)、认知功能训练(30 min/次,1次/d,5 d/周),持续治疗4周。观察组在对照组基础上进行高频rTMS治疗(刺激左侧前额叶背外侧皮质,10 Hz,100%静息运动阈值,20 min/次,1次/d,5 d/周),持续治疗4周。分别在治疗前后采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)和简易智力精神状态检查(MMSE)量表评估患者认知功能;采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表17项(HAMD-17)评估患者抑郁状态;采用3.0T磁共振成像系统对患者大脑进行MRI成像扫描,基于体素形态学分析方法分析大脑局部区域灰质密度的变化。结果 与治疗前比较,2组治疗后MMSE评分、MoCA评分均明显升高,HAMD-17评分明显降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,观察组治疗后MMSE评分、MoCA评分均明显更高,HAMD-17评分明显更低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,观察组治疗后左侧中央前回头面区、左侧颞中回尾侧灰质密度明显升高,左侧腹中部枕叶皮质、右侧额中回灰质密度明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 高频rTMS可改善PSCCID患者认知功能和抑郁情绪,其机制可能与改善大脑局部区域灰质密度有关。

低频重复经颅磁刺激联合分期针刺疗法在脑卒中后偏瘫患者中的应用研究

目的观察低频重复经颅磁刺激(LF-rTMS)联合分期针刺疗法治疗脑卒中后偏瘫患者的临床疗效。方法将106例脑卒中后偏瘫患者按照随机数字表法分为3组,在均予西医常规康复治疗的基础上,LF-rTMS组37例予LF-rTMS治疗,分期针刺组35例根据Brunnstrom分期予相应针刺治疗,联合组34例予LF-rTMS联合分期针刺治疗。3组均治疗6个疗程,比较3组治疗前后表面肌电信号变化情况,包括偏瘫侧上肢肱二头肌与肱三头肌屈肘及伸肘时的均方根值(RMS),以及肱二头肌屈肘与肱三头肌伸肘时的协同收缩率(CR),比较3组治疗前后Brunnstrom分期为Ⅳ~Ⅴ期(恢复期)患者占比变化情况,比较3组治疗前后上肢运动功能测试量表(U-FMA)评分、改良Ashworth量表(MAS)评分及改良Barthel指数(MBI)评分变化情况。结果与本组治疗前比较,3组治疗后肱二头肌屈肘RMS、肱三头肌伸肘RMS水平均升高(P<0.05),肱二头肌屈肘CR及肱三头肌伸肘CR水平均降低(P<0.05),且联合组治疗后肱二头肌屈肘RMS、肱三头肌伸肘RMS水平均高于LF-rTMS组及分期针刺组(P<0.05),肱二头肌屈肘CR及肱三头肌伸肘CR水平均低于LF-rTMS组及分期针刺组(P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,3组治疗后Brunnstrom分期为Ⅳ~Ⅴ期(恢复期)患者占比水平均升高(P<0.05),且联合组治疗后Brunnstrom分期Ⅳ~Ⅴ期(恢复期)患者占比水平均高于LF-rTMS组及分期针刺组(P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,3组治疗后U-FMA评分及MBI评分均升高(P<0.05),MAS评分均降低(P<0.05),且联合组治疗后U-FMA评分及MBI评分均高于LF-rTMS组及分期针刺组(P<0.05),MAS评分均低于LF-rTMS组及分期针刺组(P<0.05)。结论LF-rTMS联合分期针刺疗法治疗脑卒中后偏瘫患者临床疗效确切,可有效调节患者表面肌电信号,促进肢体功能恢复,改善痉挛状态,提高日常生活能力。

艾司西酞普兰联合rTMS对抑郁症患者P300、MMN的影响

目的探究抑郁症患者艾司西酞普兰联合重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)对相关电位P300与相关电位成分失匹配负波(MMN)的影响。方法应用随机数字表法将2022年2月至2023年12月于我院就诊的108例抑郁症患者分为两组,观察组(54例)及对照组(54例)。对照组应用艾司西酞普兰治疗,在其基础上观察组联合rTMS治疗。比较两组相关电位P300及MMN潜伏期、波幅、抑郁状态(HAMD-17)及认知功能(MoCA)评分;分析治疗前后P300及MMN潜伏期、波幅与HAMD-17的相关性。结果观察组治疗后的相关电位P300及MMN潜伏期均较对照组短,而波幅均较对照组高(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后的HAMD-17评分较对照组低,而MoCA评分较对照组高(P<0.05)。治疗前P300和MMN潜伏期、波幅与HAMD-17评分无相关性;治疗后,潜伏期P300及MMN与HAMD-17评分呈正相关(r=0.527、0.631),波幅P300及MMN与HAMD-17评分呈负相关(r=-0.624、-0.428)。结论抑郁症患者应用艾司西酞普兰联合rTMS治疗效果显著,有助于提升患者的认知功能,改善MMN及事项相关电位P300水平,同时还可有效缓解患者抑郁等不良情绪,对促进患者预后改善意义重大,值得临床应用。