Multi-layer quasi-zero-stiffness meta-structure for high-efficiency vibration isolation at low frequency

An easily stackable multi-layer quasi-zero-stiffness(ML-QZS)meta-structure is proposed to achieve highly efficient vibration isolation performance at low frequency.First,the distributed shape optimization method is used to design the unit cel,i.e.,the single-layer QZS(SL-QZS)meta-structure.Second,the stiffness feature of the unit cell is investigated and verified through static experiments.Third,the unit cells are stacked one by one along the direction of vibration isolation,and thus the ML-QZS meta-structure is constructed.Fourth,the dynamic modeling of the ML-QZS vibration isolation metastructure is conducted,and the dynamic responses are obtained from the equations of motion,and verified by finite element(FE)simulations.Finally,a prototype of the ML-QZS vibration isolation meta-structure is fabricated by additive manufacturing,and the vibration isolation performance is evaluated experimentally.The results show that the vibration isolation performance substantially enhances when the number of unit cells increases.More importantly,the ML-QZS meta-structure can be easily extended in the direction of vibration isolation when the unit cells are properly stacked.Hence,the ML-FQZS vibration isolation meta-structure should be a fascinating solution for highly efficient vibration isolation performance at low frequency.

Active Low-frequency Vertical Vibration Isolation System for Precision Measurements

Low-fi＇equency vertical vibration isolation systems play important roles in precision measurements to reduce seismic and environmental vibration noise. Several types of active vibration isolation systems have been developed. However, few researches focus on how to optimize the test mass install position in order to improve the vibration transmissibility. An active low-frequency vertical vibration isolation system based on an earlier instrument, the Super Spring, is designed and implemented. The system, which is simple and compact, consists of two stages： a parallelogram-shaped linkage to ensure vertical motion, and a simple spring-mass system. The theoretical analysis of the vibration isolation system is presented, including terms erroneously ignored before. By carefully choosing the mechanical parameters according to the above analysis and using feedback control, the resonance frequency of the system is reduced from 2.3 to 0.03 Hz, a reduction by a factor of more than 75. The vibration isolation system is installed as an inertial reference in an absolute gravimeter, where it improved the scatter of the absolute gravity values by a factor of 5. The experimental results verifies the improved performance of the isolation system, making it particularly suitable for precision experiments. The improved vertical vibration isolation system can be used as a prototype for designing high-performance active vertical isolation systems. An improved theoretical model of this active vibration isolation system with beam-pivot configuration is proposed, providing fundamental guidelines for vibration isolator design and assembling.

Low-frequency and broadband vibration energy harvester driven by mechanical impact based on layer-separated piezoelectric beam

Vibration energy harvesting is to transform the ambient mechanical energy to electricity. How to reduce the resonance frequency and improve the conversion efficiency is very important. In this paper, a layer-separated piezoelectric cantilever beam is proposed for the vibration energy harvester(VEH) for low-frequency and wide-bandwidth operation, which can transform the mechanical impact energy to electric energy. First,the electromechanical coupling equation is obtained by the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory.Based on the average method, the approximate analytical solution is derived and the voltage response is obtained. Furthermore, the physical prototype is fabricated, and the vibration experiment is conducted to validate the theoretical principle. The experimental results show that the maximum power of 0.445 μW of the layer-separated VEH is about3.11 times higher than that of the non-impact harvester when the excitation acceleration is 0.2 g. The operating frequency bandwidth can be widened by increasing the stiffness of the fundamental layer and decreasing the gap distance of the system. But the increasing of operating frequency bandwidth comes at the cost of reducing peak voltage. The theoretical simulation and the experimental results demonstrate good agreement which indicates that the proposed impact-driving VEH device has advantages for low-frequency and wide-bandwidth. The high performance provides great prospect to scavenge the vibration energy in environment.

Low-frequency characteristics extension for vibration sensors

Traditional magneto-electric vibration sensors and servo accelerometers have severe shortcomings when used to measure vibration where low frequency components predominate.A low frequency characteristic extension for velocity vibration sensors is presented in this paper.The passive circuit technology,active compensation technology and the closed- cycle pole compensation technology are used to extend the measurable range and to improve low frequency characteristics of sensors.Thses three types of low frequency velocity vibration sensors have been developed and widely adopted in China.

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF NOVEL ACTIVE ACTUATOR TO CONTROL LOW FREQUENCY VIBRATIONS OF SHAFT SYSTEM

Aiming at providing with high-load capability in active vibration control of large-scale rotor system, a new type of active actuator to simultaneously reduce the dangers of low frequency flexural and torsional vibrations is designed. The actuator employs electro-hydraulic system and can provide a high and circumferential load. To initialize new research, the characteristics of various kinds of active actuators to control rotor shaft vibration are briefly introduced. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the preliminary results via presenting the structure, functions and operating principles, in particular, the working process of the electro-hydraulic system of the new actuator which includes a set of high speed electromagnetic valves and a series of sloping cone-shaped openings, and presenting the transmission relationships among the control parameters from control signals into the valves to active load onto shaft. The course of the work is dynamic, and a series of spatial forces and moments are put on the shaft to get an external resultant force to reduce excitations that induce vibration of shafts. By checking states of vibration, the actuator can control the impulse width and the interval of injection time for applying different control force to a vibration shaft in two circumference directions through the regulating action of a set of combination directional control valves. The results from simulating analysis and experiment show evidence of that this design can satisfy the case of active process of decreasing of flexural and torsional vibrations.

Analysis and compensation of low frequency characteristics of sensors for vibration testing

In view of the influence and harm of low frequency vibration environment on the structure of spaceflight products,a low frequency dynamic study method for piezoelectric sensor based on the dynamic system of sinusoidal pressure is proposed.This method uses a sinusoidal pressure dynamic system with two-way dual channel import and export synchronization technology to study the low frequency characteristics of a piezoelectric sensor of PCB company,and its lower cut-off frequency is 0.26 Hz.It is also studied that when the frequency of the measured vibration or shock signal is 1-200 kHz,the error range of signal positive pressure action time is 4.87%-0.03%.The dynamic compensation for the low frequency of the vibration sensor is carried out,and the compensation effect is good.

A vibration isolator with a controllable quasi-zero stiffness region based on nonlinear force design

To achieve stability optimization in low-frequency vibration control for precision instruments,this paper presents a quasi-zero stiffness(QZS)vibration isolator with adjustable nonlinear stiffness.Additionally,the stress-magnetism coupling model is established through meticulous theoretical derivation.The controllable QZS interval is constructed via parameter design and magnetic control,effectively segregating the high static stiffness bearing section from the QZS vibration isolation section.Furthermore,a displacement control scheme utilizing a magnetic force is proposed to regulate entry into the QZS working range for the vibration isolation platform.Experimental results demonstrate that the operation within this QZS region reduces the peak-to-peak acceleration signal by approximately 66.7%compared with the operation outside this region,thereby significantly improving the low frequency performance of the QZS vibration isolator.

Vibration energy harvesting for low frequency using auto-tuning parametric rolling pendulum under exogenous multi-frequency excitations

An electromagnetic parametrically excited rolling pendulum energy harvester with self-tuning mechanisms subject to multi-frequency excitation is proposed and investigated in this paper.The system consists of two uncoupled rolling pendulum.The resonance frequency of each the rolling pendulum can be automatically tuned by adjusting its geometric parameters to access parametric resonance.This harvester can be used to harvest the energy at low frequency.A prototype is developed and evaluated.Its mathematical model is derived.A cam with rolling follower mechanism is employed to generate multi-frequency excitation.An experimental study is conducted to validate the proposed concept.The experimental results are confirmed by the numerical results.The harvester is successfully tuned when the angular velocity of the cam is changed from 1.149 to 1.236 Hz.

Tracking coherent low frequency vibrational information of Rh101 in ground and excited electronic states by broadband transient grating spectroscopy

Time-and frequency-resolved broadband transient grating(BB-TG) spectroscopy is used to distinguish between ground-and excite-electronic state vibrational coherence at different wavelengths. Qualitative theoretical analysis using double-sided Feynman diagrams indicates that a superposition of ground and excited state vibrational coherence are contained in the ground state absorption(GSA) and stimulated emission(SE) overlap band, while only the excited state is contained in the excited state absorption(ESA) band. The TG experiment, in which a white light continuum(WLC) is adopted as a probe, is conducted with rhodamine101(Rh101~+) as the target molecule. Fourier analysis of TG dynamics in a positive delay time range at specific wavelengths enables us to distinguish the low-frequency vibrational modes of Rh101 in ground-and excite-electronic states.

Low-Frequency Vibrations of Indole Derivatives by Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy

Several indole derivatives with different ＇3-＇ substituents have been investigated by terahertz （THz） time-domain spectroscopy. The low-frequency absorption spectra and refractive indices were obtained in the range of 0.2 THz to 2.5 THz （7 cm-1 to 83 cm-1）. These derivatives with different substituents present distinct features, which suggests that THz spectroscopy is sensitive to different structures and components of these chemicals. The density functional theory was employed to calculate the low-frequency vibrational properties of indole-3-carboxylic acid and indole-3-propionic acid based on their crystal structures, and the intermolecular interactions were involved. Meanwhile, the temperature dependence of the spectra agreed with the calculated results. The quantitative analysis of a ternary mixture was studied by taking the THz fingerprints into account, and the results demonstrate THz spectroscopy has great potential for the practical applications in biochemistry and pharmaceutics.

Frequency Features Based Fuzzy System for Rotating Machinery Vibration Analysis Using Smartphones Low-Cost MEMS Sensors

Smart devices have become an important entity for many applications in daily life activities. These devices have witnessed a rapid improvement in its technology to fulfill the increasingly diverse usage demands. In the meanwhile, rotating machinery vibration analysis based on low-cost sensors has gained a considerable attraction over the last few years. For a long time, the vibration analysis of machines has been accepted as an effective solution to detect and prevent failures in complex systems to avoid the sudden malfunction. The objective of this work is to use MEMS accelerometer measurements to monitor the different level of vibration of a machine. This work presents a new technique for rotating machinery vibration analysis. It uses Fast Fourier Transformation as a feature extraction algorithm and Fuzzy Logic System (FLS) as the classifier algorithm. A smartphone accelerometer is used to collect the data from the vibrating machine. The performance of the proposed technique is tested using data from different vibration resources at a different speed of operations. The results are discussed to illustrate the various vibration levels.

Study on System of Low Frequency Signal′s Measurement and Extraction of its Characteristic Quantity

The essay mainly studies a system of low frequency signal′s measurement and the extraction of its characteristic quantity,introduces how matlab analyzes and extracts low frequency signal.MATLAB,a visual programming software,designs testing program for mechanic vibration signal,analyzes and identifies vibration signal.The collected data shows the effectiveness of the system.Based on XM121 modules,the testing system collects and analyzes single channel signal.

沙漏型声子晶体的中低频隔声减振性能研究

针对机械工业装备上难以解决的低频振动与噪声问题,提出一种小尺寸、轻量化的新型声子晶体结构,研究其隔声减振特性,通过有限元仿真计算该声子晶体无限周期排列时的隔声量、能带结构以及有限周期排列时的振动响应,分析该结构的隔声机理及减振特性,并研究了关键几何参数、散射体材料和声波入射角度对该结构的隔声特性的影响规律,以及板结构减振频带的拓宽方法.结果表明:该声子晶体结构在1 000 Hz以下频率范围内具有优越的隔声减振性能,通过将不同参数的结构进行组合的方法可以拓宽声子晶体板的减振频带,为工程结构的中低频隔声减振及声子晶体的应用提供了新的思路与可行性参考.

低频振动激励煤体共振增渗实验系统研制及应用

【目的】振动波激励煤体共振增渗技术作为一种新兴的绿色高效增渗手段,利用低频振动所产生的应力波激励煤体使其孔裂隙发育,渗透率提升。为研究激励频率、应力场及共振效应等因素对增渗效果的影响,探明低频振动激励煤体共振增渗机制,自主设计研发了低频振动激励煤体增渗实验系统。【方法】该实验系统包括主机控制单元、煤样夹持单元、振动激励单元与煤体振动参数监测单元四个部分,可以测试煤体的固有频率、模拟不同强度的激励条件和实时监测振动激励下煤体的振动响应特征。以河南焦作赵固二矿无烟煤样品为研究对象,利用该实验系统开展煤体固有频率测试实验及低频振动激励下煤体渗流实验,揭示在不同激振参数、应力大小等因素下低频振动激励煤体渗透特性变化规律,实现煤体原位受迫振动,通过监测煤体振动响应特征,观测煤体在低频振动激励下所出现的共振效应,并结合工业CT扫描技术,阐明煤体共振致裂增渗的影响机制。【结果和结论】实验结果表明:(1)低频振动作用促使煤体渗透率上升,越靠近煤岩损伤的临界失稳状态时低频振动激励下煤体增渗效果越好。(2)当低频振动激励频率与煤体固有频率(20 Hz)相接近时煤体产生共振效应,煤体受迫共振后加速度响应加大,煤岩体内部的微裂隙逐渐扩展,煤基质内部的孔裂隙连通,使得其渗透率提升效果显著。上述实验结果及实验设备的研发,可以揭示低频振动激励煤体共振增渗的影响机制,为低渗煤层瓦斯高效抽采提供理论指导。

基于准零刚度支撑结构的低频主动隔振平台研究

针对量子科学试验、精密制造等先进应用对亚赫兹微振动的抑制需求,研究基于准零刚度支撑结构和分离式音圈作动器的低频主动隔振技术。首先,给出一种低频主动隔振平台设计方法,考虑准零刚度结构的等效动力学特性,采用牛顿-欧拉方法建立平台的动力学模型;然后,基于所建立动力学模型分析多自由度耦合下平台的扰动传递特性并设计主动隔振算法;最后,研制低频主动隔振平台进行试验验证。试验结果表明,所开发主动隔振平台能够在三个线自由度上实现优于98.3%的微振动抑制效果,在0.1~10.0 Hz内载荷z方向微振动小于1.3×10^(-8) g。

国产磁选态铯束频率标准环境特性研究

铯原子频率标准具有长期稳定性好、可靠性高的优点,在导航定位、守时授时、通信电力、时频计量等领域有着广泛的应用。近年来由于军事领域对高精度时间频率源的需求,铯原子频标的使用环境从实验室走向了战车、舰船等机动平台。本文针对铯原子频标在战车、舰船、高原等复杂环境下的环境适应性,研究环境因素对整机指标的影响机理。通过仿真与试验对整钟设计进行优化,以提高整机在力学、热、磁场、低气压等复杂环境下的适应性。经过优化设计后的国产铯束频率标准样机通过了相关环境试验项目的考核,各项指标均满足要求。研究结果表明,铯原子钟电性能样机的稳定度优于8.73×10^(-15)/5 d,磁敏感度3.15×10^(-14)/Gauss,工作温度特性-8.18×10^(-14),这项工作为国产化铯钟的进一步应用提供了基础。

耳穴压籽联合低频电穴位刺激对髋、膝关节术后深静脉血栓形成预防效果观察

[目的]观察耳穴压籽联合低频电穴位刺激对髋、膝关节术后深静脉血栓(DVT)形成预防效果。[方法]选定天津中医药大学第二附属医院2018年8月—2023年8月就诊的120例髋、膝关节手术患者,以随机数字表法随机将其分为2组,各60例,对照组给予利伐沙班治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上给予低频电穴位刺激联合耳穴压籽治疗,两组均在治疗7 d后进行疗效评价,比较两组血栓弹力图(TEG)参数、凝血功能指标、患肢周径差值、患肢肿胀程度、视觉模拟自评量表(VAS)评分、DVT发生率。[结果]观察组治疗后凝血指数(CI)、最大振幅(MA)、血凝块聚合形成速率(α角)均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组治疗后凝血时间(K)、反应时间(R)均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后D-二聚体(D-D)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组治疗后部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后大腿、小腿周径差值均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患肢肿胀程度轻于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组DVT发生率(1.67%)低于对照组(13.33%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]耳穴压籽联合低频电穴位刺激可有效改善髋、膝关节手术患者术后凝血功能,缓解肢体肿胀、疼痛等症状,缩小患肢周径差,降低DVT发生率。

轨道交通添乘仪双向加速度校准方法的研究

为确保轨道交通行业计量仪器量值准确性和溯源性,为仪器性能评价提供依据及提高行业的质量控制。首先介绍了便携式添乘仪的工作原理,然后建立了基于标准低频振动台和标准低频加速度计测量添乘仪的水平和垂直双方向的加速度校准装置,最后通过试验分析,研究幅值频率响应和幅值线性度及评定了加速度参数的扩展不确定度。试验结果表明,在加速度范围0.02~0.20 g范围,频率范围为2~5 Hz范围内,垂直和水平方向加速度绝对误差在±0.01 g范围内;随着试验频率和加速度的增加,幅值频率响应和幅值线性度的绝对误差随之增加;通过低频加速度校准装置测量添乘仪测量精度高,扩展不确定度为Urel=4.8%(k=2),可根据JJG2054-2015计量检定系统表,将加速度参数溯源到国家基准,实现了轨道交通专用计量仪器量值准确性和溯源性。

新型准零刚度空气悬架系统的设计与分析

为提高商用汽车在低频外部激励环境下的隔振性能以及行驶平顺性,基于准零刚度理论,采用正负刚度并联的方式,将负刚度碟形弹簧组与正刚度空气弹簧相结合,设计一种新型准零刚度悬架系统。通过静力学特性分析,建立力位移和刚度位移表达式,得到系统达到准零刚度的参数条件;通过动力学特性分析,建立系统的二自由度模型和简谐力作用下的非线性运动微分方程,得到力传递率特性曲线并对其进行分析。结果表明新结构的低频隔振性能显著提升。基于刚度位移表达式建立2自由度1/4悬架模型,分别对准零刚度系统与传统系统的垂向加速度、悬架动行程和轮胎动载荷等平顺性指标的差异性进行分析,仿真结果表明,该准零刚度系统的平顺性改善效果亦优于传统结构。