As a regional, real-time and dynamic method, microseismic monitoring technology is quite an appropriate technology for forecasting geological hazards, such as rock bursts, mine tremors, coal and gas outbursts and can ...As a regional, real-time and dynamic method, microseismic monitoring technology is quite an appropriate technology for forecasting geological hazards, such as rock bursts, mine tremors, coal and gas outbursts and can even be used to prevent or at least reduce these disasters. The study of the focal mechanisms of different seismic sources is the prerequisite and basis for forecasting rock burst by microseismic monitoring technology. Based on the analysis on the mechanism and fracture course of coal pillars where rock bursts occur mostly, the equivalent point source model of the seismicity caused by a coal pillar was created. Given the model, the seismic displacement equation of a coal pillar was analyzed and the seismic mechanism was pointed out by seismic wave theory. The course of the fracture of the coal pillar was simulated closely in the laboratory and the equivalent microseismic signals of the fractures of the coal pillar were acquired using a TDS-6 experimental system. The results show that, by the pressure and friction of a medium near the seismic source, both a compression wave and a shear wave will be emitted and shear fracture will be induced at the moment of breakage. The results can be used to provide an academic basis to forecast and prevent rock bursts or tremors in a coal pillar.展开更多
采用高能机械球磨法制备出平均粒径为58.1 nm的纳米TATB。利用SEM分析表征了纳米TATB的微观形貌,并统计了纳米TATB的粒度分布。利用XRD、IR和XPS表征了纳米TATB的晶型、分子结构和表面元素等。采用DSC和DSC-IR联用系统对纳米TATB的热分...采用高能机械球磨法制备出平均粒径为58.1 nm的纳米TATB。利用SEM分析表征了纳米TATB的微观形貌,并统计了纳米TATB的粒度分布。利用XRD、IR和XPS表征了纳米TATB的晶型、分子结构和表面元素等。采用DSC和DSC-IR联用系统对纳米TATB的热分解活化能和热分解产物进行了分析。结果表明,纳米TATB的表观热分解活化能(ES=341.2 k J/mol)相比原料TATB(ES=354.4 k J/mol)降低了13.2 k J/mol,说明纳米TATB的反应活性更高。纳米TATB的主要分解产物为CO_2,同时伴有一定量的N_2O和NO_2生成。热感度实验表明,纳米TATB的5 s爆发点(T5s)高于原料TATB的T5s,说明纳米TATB的热稳定性更高。展开更多
基金Projects 5049027350474068 supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China+3 种基金2005CB221504 by the National Basic Research Program of China20030290017 by the Special Fund for Ph.D. Programs of the National Ministry of Education2006BAK04B02, 2006BAK03B06 by the National Eleventh Five-Year Key Science & Technology Project[2007]3020 by the State Scholarship Fund of China Scholarship Council
文摘As a regional, real-time and dynamic method, microseismic monitoring technology is quite an appropriate technology for forecasting geological hazards, such as rock bursts, mine tremors, coal and gas outbursts and can even be used to prevent or at least reduce these disasters. The study of the focal mechanisms of different seismic sources is the prerequisite and basis for forecasting rock burst by microseismic monitoring technology. Based on the analysis on the mechanism and fracture course of coal pillars where rock bursts occur mostly, the equivalent point source model of the seismicity caused by a coal pillar was created. Given the model, the seismic displacement equation of a coal pillar was analyzed and the seismic mechanism was pointed out by seismic wave theory. The course of the fracture of the coal pillar was simulated closely in the laboratory and the equivalent microseismic signals of the fractures of the coal pillar were acquired using a TDS-6 experimental system. The results show that, by the pressure and friction of a medium near the seismic source, both a compression wave and a shear wave will be emitted and shear fracture will be induced at the moment of breakage. The results can be used to provide an academic basis to forecast and prevent rock bursts or tremors in a coal pillar.
文摘采用高能机械球磨法制备出平均粒径为58.1 nm的纳米TATB。利用SEM分析表征了纳米TATB的微观形貌,并统计了纳米TATB的粒度分布。利用XRD、IR和XPS表征了纳米TATB的晶型、分子结构和表面元素等。采用DSC和DSC-IR联用系统对纳米TATB的热分解活化能和热分解产物进行了分析。结果表明,纳米TATB的表观热分解活化能(ES=341.2 k J/mol)相比原料TATB(ES=354.4 k J/mol)降低了13.2 k J/mol,说明纳米TATB的反应活性更高。纳米TATB的主要分解产物为CO_2,同时伴有一定量的N_2O和NO_2生成。热感度实验表明,纳米TATB的5 s爆发点(T5s)高于原料TATB的T5s,说明纳米TATB的热稳定性更高。
